CJC Open最新文献

{"title":"First-in-Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Trial with Tricaprin (F-HAAAT): Study Design and Protocol","authors":"Takahito Kamba MD ,&nbsp;Masahiro Yanagawa MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kazuo Shimamura MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Satoshi Yamaguchi MA ,&nbsp;Kenji Shirakura MSc ,&nbsp;Satomi Okamura MPH ,&nbsp;Yuki Nishimura PhD ,&nbsp;Tomomi Yamada PhD ,&nbsp;Yasushi Sakata MD, PhD, FACC, FESC ,&nbsp;Noriyuki Tomiyama MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shigeru Miyagawa MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Hirano MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Nobuhiro Zaima PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Approximately 2%-12% of individuals aged &gt; 65 years worldwide are estimated to have an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), with a mortality rate exceeding 60% in rupture cases. The sole preventive intervention against rupture is timely surgery, which requires substantial medical resources, including postoperative complication management. Although numerous randomized clinical trials have been performed, no oral medication effectively treats AAA. Tricaprin, a medium-chain triglyceride with 3 capric acids, is used in dietary therapy for metabolic and neurological disorders. Our group recently reported that tricaprin, unlike other medium-chain triglycerides, showed reverse remodelliing of AAA in a rat model. Determining whether this basic finding could be translated to clinical practice is important. The <strong>F</strong>irst-in-<strong>H</strong>uman <strong>A</strong>bdominal <strong>A</strong>ortic <strong>A</strong>neurysms trial with <strong>T</strong>ricaprin (F-HAAAT) proposes the first-in-human AAA trial to confirm the safety of tricaprin use in patients with small AAA, exploring novel assessment methods to evaluate treatment efficacy. This single-centre, open-label, single-arm study will include 10 patients (aged 50–85 years) with small AAA (30–45 mm in diameter) receiving daily oral tricaprin (1.5–3.0 g/d) for 52 weeks. Primary endpoints include safety evaluation of tricaprin determined by monitoring all adverse events, particularly major adverse cardiovascular events, AAA-related adverse events, and other unpredictable events. Secondary endpoints include parameters to validate tricaprin efficacy by measuring AAA diameter, volume, and Agatston score, and analyzing computed tomography values of the aortic aneurysmal wall. Outcomes of the trial may provide insights into noninvasive methods for indirectly analyzing AAA pathologic characteristics and revealing aneurysmal reverse remodelliing (jRCTs051240036, Japan Registry of Clinical Trials).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 221-230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guideline-Referral Criteria and Risk Profiles of Outpatients Referred to a Specialised Heart Failure Clinic","authors":"Isabelle J. Tan HBSc ,&nbsp;Batol Barodi MGA ,&nbsp;Tayler A. Buchan PhD(c) ,&nbsp;Lakshmi Kugathasan PhD ,&nbsp;Michael McDonald MD ,&nbsp;Heather Ross MD, MHSc ,&nbsp;Ana C. Alba MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Specialised heart failure (HF) care improves outcomes for patients with HF. To understand the risk profiles of HF outpatients referred to a specialised clinic, we evaluated referral reasons, predicted risk, and the presence of guideline-recommended referral criteria at a large specialised HF clinic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study including outpatients with HF (≥ 18 years old) referred from November 2021 to November 2022. We calculated 1-year predicted mortality with the use of the Seattle Heart Failure Model (SHFM) and the I-NEED-HELP referral criteria. We compared median SHFM-predicted mortality with referral reasons and the I-NEED-HELP criteria by means of Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon rank-sum, chi-square, and Fisher exact tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 245 consecutive HF outpatients included, median SHFM-predicted 1-year mortality was 4% (interquartile range [IQR] 2%-8%). Reasons for referral included evaluation for advanced therapies (29%), medication optimisation (23%), diagnostic evaluation (19%), post-hospitalisation/emergency department visit (14%), ongoing HF management (12%), patient request (2%), and transition to adult care (1%). The median SHFM-predicted 1-year mortality did not differ significantly by referral reason (<em>P</em> = 0.11) but differed significantly among patients meeting any (5%, IQR 3%-9%) vs no (3%, IQR 2%-5%) I-NEED-HELP criteria (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Across referral reasons, the presence of any I-NEED-HELP criteria differed significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001); most patients referred for advanced therapies evaluation (96%) and diagnostic evaluation (94%) met at least 1 criterion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients referred to a specialised HF clinic have a wide risk range. The difference in predicted mortality among patients meeting any vs no I-NEED-HELP criteria appears clinically insignificant. Incorporating model-predicted risk at the time of referral can guide triage and patient prioritisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 127-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Zero Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring on Downstream Cardiac Testing and Cardiac Outcomes Compared With No Testing","authors":"Ethan Lin MD ,&nbsp;Rea Alonzo MSc ,&nbsp;Jiming Fang PhD ,&nbsp;Anna Chu MHSc ,&nbsp;Levi Elhadad BSc ,&nbsp;Maneesh Sud MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Harindra C. Wijeysundera MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shalane Basque MSc ,&nbsp;Kate Hanneman MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Elsie Nguyen MD ,&nbsp;Michael E. Farkouh MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Jacob A. Udell MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Idan Roifman MD, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The impact of coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring on downstream resource utilisation and outcomes remains unclear, especially in those with zero CAC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Consecutive CAC scores from two academic hospitals in Toronto, Ontario, were linked to population-based databases. Subjects with zero CAC without previous cardiovascular disease were propensity score matched with a non–CAC-tested control group for age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, and comorbidities. Downstream cardiac testing, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure (HF) hospitalisations, and HF emergency department (ED) visits were compared between the 2 groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 4884 patients underwent CAC scoring, of whom 2709 had zero CAC (mean 52.9 ± 10.6 years), 55.4% women. At 3.4 years, graded-stress testing (hazard ratio [HR] 1.24, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.14-1.35), stress echocardiography (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.59-2.05), and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (HR 3.40, 95% CI 2.55-4.53) use was higher in the zero CAC group, whereas myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.97-1.21) and catheterisation (HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.91-1.44) were similar and percutaneous coronary intervention (HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.35-0.98) and coronary artery bypass grafting (HR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03-0.61) were lower. There was an approximately 5-fold lower rate of myocardial infarction (HR 0.22, 95% CI 0.10-0.51) in the zero CAC group and no difference in HF hospitalisations (HR 1.15, CI 95% 0.53-2.48) or ED admissions (HR 1.21, 95% CI 0.58-2.52).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results support the utility of zero CAC in limiting interventional cardiovascular procedures while maintaining an association with reduced downstream cardiovascular events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transapical Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation with the J-Valve System in Aortic Regurgitation","authors":"Pengxiong Zhu MD ,&nbsp;Jinping Li MD ,&nbsp;Bangde Xue MD ,&nbsp;Jing Huang MD ,&nbsp;Yun Ling M.Med ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang MD ,&nbsp;Jun Liu MD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aortic regurgitation (AR) is a condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in severe cases. The J-Valve system, next-generation transcatheter heart valve, may overcome the procedural challenges associated with treating pure AR. This study reported the outcome of use of the J-Valve for treatment of AR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study observed 47 patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with the J-Valve system. Diagnostic evaluation included transthoracic echocardiography and multislice computed tomography to assess AR severity and anatomic characteristics essential for TAVI. Follow-up evaluations were conducted at various intervals postoperation to evaluate outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The patients had a mean age of 73.0 ± 9.0 years and a median ejection fraction of 58.0% (interquartile range, 45.0%–64.0%). The median European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE II) was 3.0% (interquartile range, 2.0%–6.7%). The procedural success rate was 100%, with no need for a second valve implantation or conversion to sternotomy. Short-term outcomes showed significant improvements in the New York Heart Association functional classification (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), the left ventricular ejection fraction (<em>P</em> = 0.009), and the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). A singular case of valve migration and severe perivalvular leakage due to Behçet's disease prompted a revised approach incorporating immunomodulation therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TAVI with the J-Valve system presents a viable alternative for managing severe AR, demonstrating high procedural success and substantial clinical improvement. However, the case of valve migration due to Behçet's disease highlights the need for careful preoperative screening and consideration of autoimmune disorders in differential diagnoses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 145-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac Tamponade Complicating Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights From a Single-Center Registry","authors":"Ibrahim Naoum MD,&nbsp;Amnon Eitan MD,&nbsp;Hussein Sliman MD,&nbsp;Avinoam Shiran MD,&nbsp;Salim Adawi MD,&nbsp;Ihab Asmer,&nbsp;Keren Zissman MD,&nbsp;Ronen Jaffe MD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiac tamponade complicating transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) typically results from right ventricular (RV) injury induced by a pacemaker electrode, left ventricular (LV) injury induced by guidewires and catheters used during the procedure, and rupture of the aortic annulus during valve implantation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analysed our institutional TAVR database to gain mechanistic insights relating to this complication.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1247 TAVR procedures were performed from 2010 to 2024. Cardiac tamponade complicated 21 (1.7%) of these procedures. There was a nonsignificant reduction in occurrence of tamponade (1.9% among the first 623 cases vs 1.4% among the subsequent 624 cases; <em>P</em> = 0.44). Tamponade was caused by LV perforation in 10 cases (48%), pacemaker-induced RV perforation in 8 cases (38%), and annular rupture in 3 cases (14%). We identified 2 mechanisms causing LV perforation: The stiff guidewire used for valve delivery caused myocardial injury in 7 cases, and in the other 3 cases, LV perforation occurred before insertion of the stiff guidewire and was attributed to insertion of soft guidewires. No additional such cases occurred after implementation of a protocol for meticulous guidewire insertion into the LV. Pericardiocentesis was performed with tamponade in 20 patients and with cardiac surgery in 13. Nine patients (43%) died during the index hospitalisation. Mortality did not differ between cases with RV perforation and left-side perforation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Periprocedural cardiac tamponade during TAVR may be caused by various mechanisms. Careful guidewire manipulation may decrease occurrence of LV perforation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 153-160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing ECG Lead Subsets for Heart Arrhythmia/ECG Pattern Classification: Convolutional Neural Networks and Random Forest","authors":"Serhii Reznichenko MS ,&nbsp;John Whitaker MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Zixuan Ni PhD ,&nbsp;Shijie Zhou PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.10.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite the growth in popularity of deep learning (DL), limited research has compared the performance of DL and conventional machine learning (CML) methods in heart arrhythmia/electrocardiography (ECG) pattern classification. In addition, the classification of heart arrhythmias/ECG patterns is often dependent on specific ECG leads for accurate classification, and it remains unknown how DL and CML methods perform on reduced subsets of ECG leads. In this study, we sought to assess the accuracy of convolutional neural network (CNN) and random forest (RF) models for classifying arrhythmias/ECG patterns using reduced ECG lead subsets representing DL and CML methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used a public data set from the PhysioNet Cardiology Challenge 2020. For the DL method, we trained a CNN classifier extracting features for each ECG lead, which were then used in a feedforward neural network. We used a random forest classifier with manually extracted features for the CML method. Optimal ECG lead subsets were identified by means of recursive feature elimination for both methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The CML method required 19% more leads (equating to ∼ 2 leads) compared with the DL method. Four common leads (I, II, V5, V6) were identified in each of the subsets of ECG leads using the CML method, and no common leads were consistently present for the DL method. The average macro F1 scores were 0.761 for the DL and 0.759 for the CML.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Optimal ECG lead subsets provide classification accuracy similar to that using all 12 leads across DL and CML methods. The DL method achieved slightly higher classification accuracy on larger data sets and required fewer ECG leads compared with the CML method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 176-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy: The Crucial Role of Multiparametric Cardiac Magnetic Resonance","authors":"Rita dos Reis Santos MD ,&nbsp;Joana Certo Pereira MD ,&nbsp;Pedro Lopes MD ,&nbsp;Pedro Freitas MD ,&nbsp;Marisa Trabulo MD ,&nbsp;João Abecasis MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 137-140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Electrical Synchronization Achieved With Dynamic Atrioventricular Delays During Biventricular and Left Ventricular MultiPoint Pacing","authors":"Bernard Thibault MD ,&nbsp;Peter Waddingham MD ,&nbsp;Nima Badie PhD ,&nbsp;Jan O. Mangual PhD ,&nbsp;Luke C. McSpadden PhD ,&nbsp;Tim R. Betts MD ,&nbsp;Leonardo Calò MD ,&nbsp;Domenico Grieco MD ,&nbsp;Francisco Leyva MD ,&nbsp;Anthony Chow MD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response relies on 2 factors: when and where to pace. These factors may be enhanced by dynamic atrioventricular delays (AVDs) (eg, SyncAV CRT, Abbott Cardiovascular, Abbott Park, IL) and multisite left ventricular (LV) pacing (eg, MultiPoint Pacing [MPP], Abbott). Their individual and combined synchronization contributions have not been evaluated across a comprehensive spectrum of pacing configurations. The objective is to distinguish the acute electrical synchrony achieved by static vs dynamic AVDs, single-site vs multisite LV pacing, and with vs without right ventricular (RV) pacing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CRT-indicated patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and intact atrioventricular (AV) conduction (PR &lt; 250 ms) were enrolled and evaluated during implant. Acute changes in 12-lead electrocardiographic (ECG) QRS duration (QRSd) were evaluated during intrinsic conduction, biventricular pacing (BiV), biventricular MPP, LV-only single-site pacing (LVSS), and LV-only MPP (LVMPP). CRT modes were evaluated with static AVDs and optimized SyncAV AVDs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CRT implant and QRSd evaluation were completed in 85 patients (71% male, 34% ischemic, 179 ms PR). The median intrinsic QRSd of 165 ms was reduced by BiV, MPP, LVSS, and LVMPP without SyncAV to 144 ms (by 14%), 142 ms (16%), 155 ms (8%), and 149 ms (12%), respectively (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01 vs intrinsic). BiV + SyncAV, MPP + SyncAV, LVSS + SyncAV, and LVMPP + SyncAV reduced the intrinsic QRSd significantly further to 128 ms (by 23%), 124 ms (26%), 131 ms (21%), and 129 ms (24%) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001, each corresponding pair).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MPP combined with SyncAV achieved the narrowest QRSd, in the overall population and in the most patients, by delivering ventricular pacing from all available sites (RV + LV1 + LV2) while timed with dynamic AVDs.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Registration Number</h3><div>NCT03567096.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 166-175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Mediators in Pericardial Fluid in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery","authors":"Junsu Lee BSc ,&nbsp;Nicole Travis BSc ,&nbsp;Benjamin King BSc ,&nbsp;Angel Luis Fernandez MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ali Fatehi Hassanabad MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Paul W.M. Fedak MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Marc Pelletier MD ,&nbsp;Mohammad El-Diasty MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pericardial space provides a homeostatic environment that facilitates optimal cardiac function. The pericardial space contains pericardial fluid (PCF) and other tissue sources, including pericardial adipose tissue and the great vessels. Given its proximity to the heart, PCF has emerged as a potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic vehicle. As such, the biochemical and humoral characteristics of PCF have recently been the focus of several studies. Evidence shows that the PCF is a rich reservoir for various hormones, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and multiple other substances. This review aims to better understand the pericardial microenvironment, focusing on the kinetic and dynamic changes that govern different inflammatory molecules in the PCF in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Our electronic search yielded 7 studies that reported the changes in PCF levels of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α, interferon (IFN)γ, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during or in the immediate postoperative period after cardiac surgery. Although it was not possible to make direct comparisons of inflammatory marker levels across studies because of inconsistencies in their reporting, we aimed to identify dynamic changes in pericardial levels of these inflammatory mediators, with a focus on their potential role in the development of postoperative inflammatory response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 193-202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midventricular Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Following COVID-19 Infection: Diagnostic Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Tissue Mapping","authors":"Yoshito Kadoya MD, PhD,&nbsp;Bethlehem Mengesha MD,&nbsp;Luc Michel Beauchesne MD,&nbsp;Aun Yeong Chong MD,&nbsp;Marino Labinaz MD,&nbsp;D. Ian Paterson MD","doi":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjco.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36924,"journal":{"name":"CJC Open","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 141-144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}