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Notes on a Prehistory of Poststructuralism 后结构主义史前史注释
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721306
M. Wimmer
{"title":"Notes on a Prehistory of Poststructuralism","authors":"M. Wimmer","doi":"10.1086/721306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721306","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, psychoanalysis has received renewed interest across a wide range of humanities disciplines, promising a new take on the problem of materiality and the unconscious in culture. This essay unfolds the history of a footnote to Michel de Certeau’s The Writing of History in which the historian wrote that psychoanalysis teaches us how the body speaks and speech hides. In the following, I attend to the epistemic surroundings in which this notion assumed plausibility and became true. It first emerged in the late nineteenth century discourse around hysteria when silencing the voices of hysterics was considered a necessary condition of the exact recording their bodies’ symptoms. With its transfer to psychoanalysis and its recontextualization in poststructuralist humanities, this notion leaves us with the question, If speech hides, what does it conceal, obscure, suppress, or censor? To address this question, I discuss how the episode at La Salpêtrière and its reverberations can be interpreted as prehistory of poststructuralism.","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46054555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Toward a New History of Classical Scholarship 走向新的古典学术史
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721315
Blaž Zabel
{"title":"Toward a New History of Classical Scholarship","authors":"Blaž Zabel","doi":"10.1086/721315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721315","url":null,"abstract":"here were times when classical philologists studied the history of classics merely as a pastime. This meant that a certain methodological approach was preferred, which emphasized the continuity of the scholarly tradition from antiquity to the present. This was the argument of two pioneering studies, the three-volumeHistory of Classical Scholarship (1903–8) written by Sir John Edwin Sandys and the still widely read Geschichte der Philologie (1921) by the discipline’s doyen, Ulrich WilamowitzMoellendorff. Another consequence was that the study of the discipline’s history was likened to philological research: both required similar training, attention to historical evidence, and philological scrutiny. This can be observed already in Sandys and Wilamowitz, but it becamemore prevalent in the work of scholars who followed in their footsteps, for example, in the History of Classical Scholarship from 1300 to 1850 (1976) by Rudolf Pfeiffer, which continues to be referenced widely, or in Hugh Lloyd-Jones’s Blood for the Ghosts: Classical Influences in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44735763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Jed Z. Buchwald and Diane Greco Josefowicz, The Riddle of the Rosetta: How an English Polymath and a French Polyglot Discovered the Meaning of Egyptian Hieroglyphs. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020. Pp. 576. US$39.95 (cloth). 杰德·z·布赫瓦尔德和黛安·格列柯·约瑟夫维奇，《罗塞塔之谜:一个英国通才和一个法国通才如何发现埃及象形文字的意义》。普林斯顿，新泽西州:普林斯顿大学出版社，2020。576页。39.95美元(布)。
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721318
Cecilia Hurley
{"title":"Jed Z. Buchwald and Diane Greco Josefowicz, The Riddle of the Rosetta: How an English Polymath and a French Polyglot Discovered the Meaning of Egyptian Hieroglyphs. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020. Pp. 576. US$39.95 (cloth).","authors":"Cecilia Hurley","doi":"10.1086/721318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721318","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47030555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introduction 介绍
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721309
Rens Bod, Julia Kursell, J. Maat, T. Weststeijn
{"title":"Introduction","authors":"Rens Bod, Julia Kursell, J. Maat, T. Weststeijn","doi":"10.1086/721309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45265967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Artistic Research as a Game of Chance: Marcel Duchamp and Henri Poincaré 作为机会游戏的艺术研究:马塞尔·杜尚和亨利·庞卡莱
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721308
Aurea Klarskov
{"title":"Artistic Research as a Game of Chance: Marcel Duchamp and Henri Poincaré","authors":"Aurea Klarskov","doi":"10.1086/721308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721308","url":null,"abstract":"With a case study on the artist Marcel Duchamp and the polymath Henri Poincaré, this essay presents an early example of artistic research. It investigates the transfer of scientific and philosophical questions into an artistic context and argues that this cross-pollination helped pave the way for the emerging humanities field of artistic research: the Swiss artist and researcher Serge Stauffer is both known for translating Duchamp’s work with language into German and for being one of the early proponents of art as research. Further, in a close reading of Duchamp and Poincaré’s writings on chance, the essay follows the shift from a deterministic worldview to one that acknowledges and integrates uncertainty and the forces of chance. Duchamp’s integration of chance processes into his art brings into focus a twofold promise of exactitude: the productive side of his meticulous work and the menacing quality of the determinism he pits his games of chance against.","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44650851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Timothy Brennan, Places of Mind: A Life of Edward Said. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2021. Pp. 464. US$35.00 (cloth). 蒂莫西·布伦南，《心灵的地方：爱德华·赛义德的一生》。纽约：Farrar，Straus&Giroux，2021。第464页。35.00美元（布）。
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721319
Michiel Leezenberg
{"title":"Timothy Brennan, Places of Mind: A Life of Edward Said. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2021. Pp. 464. US$35.00 (cloth).","authors":"Michiel Leezenberg","doi":"10.1086/721319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721319","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49246947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numbers Game or Scientific History? Exactitude and Justice in 1970s Cliometrics and in Digital History Today 数字游戏还是科学史？20世纪70年代计量学和当今数字史中的精确与公正
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721305
Antonia von Schöning
{"title":"Numbers Game or Scientific History? Exactitude and Justice in 1970s Cliometrics and in Digital History Today","authors":"Antonia von Schöning","doi":"10.1086/721305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721305","url":null,"abstract":"By the time of the publication of Robert W. Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman’s Time on the Cross in 1974, quantitative history had become an important, yet controversial, trend around the globe. Time on the Cross, an economic history of slavery in the American South, prompted a fierce debate among historians. The issue at stake was the use of quantitative methods and the role of computers in what was called “cliometrics.” Fogel and Engerman claimed that their monograph replaced the uncertainties of traditional, narrative history with hard scientific facts, verified by computers and mathematical techniques. But critics found outright errors in their use and interpretation of the quantitative data and pointed to the danger of dehumanizing the study of history if it is left to a machine. This essay retraces the debate and critically analyzes the promises of exactitude formulated in cliometric discourse in order to ask what lessons can be learned for the challenges digital humanities faces today.","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43178400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Teaching the World(s): Reframing the World Religions Course in American Universities 《教导世界:重塑美国大学的世界宗教课程》
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721311
Kaitlyn Lindgren-Hansen
{"title":"Teaching the World(s): Reframing the World Religions Course in American Universities","authors":"Kaitlyn Lindgren-Hansen","doi":"10.1086/721311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721311","url":null,"abstract":"This article traces the combined development of the world religions paradigm and the concept of the “world” to assess their impact on pedagogical approaches to world religions courses in the United States. By examining the way that the world religions paradigm is maintained through teaching materials such as textbooks and syllabi, this article demonstrates that many world religions courses uphold and reinforce imperialist and colonialist constructions of religion. The article sketches out the implications that decolonial approaches to the study of religion could have on world religions courses, while recognizing that decolonization is composed of a constellation of strategies that extend beyond the classroom to the structure of the university itself.","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48985952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating Knowledge, Evaluating Character: Book Reviewing by American Historians and Physicists (1900–1940) 评价知识，评价品格:美国历史学家和物理学家的书评(1900-1940)
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721313
S. T. Hagen
{"title":"Evaluating Knowledge, Evaluating Character: Book Reviewing by American Historians and Physicists (1900–1940)","authors":"S. T. Hagen","doi":"10.1086/721313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721313","url":null,"abstract":"How have the evaluative norms and evaluative language of academics developed historically, and how have they varied between disciplines? Meaningful answers to these questions may be obtained from the historical-comparative study of book reviewing, a widely practiced yet historically understudied academic genre. My focus in this article is on book reviews written by American historians and physicists in the American Historical Review, Physical Review, and Science from 1900 until 1940. I show that book reviewers in these journals assessed not only results and methods of authors but also authors themselves. They would praise some authors—especially colleagues—for exhibiting virtues like “carefulness,” “objectivity,” or “thoroughness,” while charging others—especially nonacademics—with vices such as “recklessness,” “dogmatism,” or “exaggeration.” Remarkably, such virtue and vice language was applied not only to the character of authors, but also to their actions and outputs. Indeed, in early twentieth-century book reviews by historians and physicists, epistemic virtues and vices functioned as norms to evaluate both knowledge and character.","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44373279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Transcultural Approach to Art History through the Lens of Its First International Conferences 从首届国际会议看艺术史的跨文化研究
History of Humanities Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1086/721312
Maria Teresa Costa
{"title":"A Transcultural Approach to Art History through the Lens of Its First International Conferences","authors":"Maria Teresa Costa","doi":"10.1086/721312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/721312","url":null,"abstract":"This essay aims to propose a cross-cultural rewriting of the history of art history during the decisive years of its emergence and institutionalization that significantly revises existing narratives, going beyond traditional disciplinary and national boundaries in a global context. The focus is on the first international conferences in art history, which are essential instruments of cultural transfer. This should help both to restitute a transnational perspective and to overcome art historical narratives that reinforce only the celebrated names of art historians or artistic schools, expanding their horizon toward an international art historical koine. Dealing with the problematic tension between national and global, historiography reveals itself as the most powerful means of deepening our understanding of today’s global perspective and particularly of the way in which processes of centralization and standardization coexist with an increasing splitting into sectors, which is the result of a multicentric differentiation of national identities.","PeriodicalId":36904,"journal":{"name":"History of Humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48595781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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