Papers in Applied Geography最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Human Interaction and Spending Behavior Amidst Corona Virus in the United Arab Emirates","authors":"Ahmed Almurshidi, R. Bridi, Naeema Al Hosani","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1950039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1950039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has had unprecedented social and economic effects. In this study, the authors investigate the human interaction trends and spending behavior of individuals in the United Arab Emirates during the COVID-19 outbreak. An online survey was employed to assess the changes in human interactions and spending behavior among people in the United Arab Emirates. The findings indicate a decrease in spending on gasoline, restaurants, hotels, and coffee shops as well as an increase in spending on on-line shopping and groceries. During the pandemic, 80 percent of respondents reduced the number of visits with family and friends. Respondents also indicated greater cooperation among family members in performing household chores, with all members of the family, including children, participating in cooking, and increased cooperation between family members. The authors observed variations in the level and composition of consumer spending across the United Arab Emirates with variations by age, gender, and income level. The survey results highlight a specific relevance in government interventions tasked with the strategy, implementation, and monitoring of economic impacts arising from the spread of the coronavirus and forced public health measures to mitigate the health costs of the crisis. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1950039","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"1 1","pages":"72 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75960864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unhealthy after School Snacks: Socioeconomic Disparities of Food Environments around Public and Private Schools in the United States","authors":"Andrea Smith, Yingru Li, Ting Du","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1943499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1943499","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to compare the food retail environments (hereafter FRE) around public and private schools in the United States and explore if socioeconomic factors on the school and county levels affect the FREs around schools. This research includes 75,055 public and 20,427 private schools as well as 65,044 convenience stores, 44,383 small food stores, and 96,652 healthy grocery stores (e.g., supermarkets and supercenters). A t test was run to compare the FREs around public and private schools. Regression models were run to examine the influences of the socioeconomic factors on school FREs. FRE around private schools was of lower quality compared to that of public schools (p < 0.01). Both school and county level socio-demographic factors had significant influences on school FREs. Schools with higher percentages of racially marginalized and low-income students tend to have worst FREs (p  < 0.001). Schools located in counties with high racial segregation, non-White percentage, unemployment, poverty rate, and low educational attainment tend to have unhealthy FEs as well (p < 0.001). Policy makers should pay attention to FREs around both private and public schools, particularly those schools with high percentages of low SES students and located in disadvantaged counties.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"79 1","pages":"50 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89613506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stone-Industry in Palestine: Bridging the Gap between Environmental Sustainability and Economical Value","authors":"Saleh Qanazi, Z. Zawawi","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1941206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1941206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stone -also referred to locally as ‘white gold’- is one of the most important natural resources and one of the main extractive industries in Palestine. It is one of many traditional industries with a long history of production and a growing economic value. Despite its authenticity and high value, this industry and its facilities, such as quarries, crushers, cutting firms and stone workshops, are spreading randomly throughout the West Bank-Palestine, thus posing a threat to both natural and built environments and negatively impacting human health. This paper assessed these negative impacts on the environment caused by the stone industry’s facilities in the West Bank by developing a Reality Assessment Model using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) which take into consideration stone industry endemism. The model was also used to categorize the stone industry’s facilities based on a comprehensive criteria. As a conclusion, a categorization of four levels (Level 1 to 4) based on their environmental impact and land suitability. It is found that half of the various types of stone industry’s facilities have a negative environmental impact that causes damage ranging from medium to very high, while the other half do not cause significant damage. Thus, the first-class facilities must be closed, second-class facilities may be closed or remain if their negative impacts are reduced, while both third-class and fourth-class facilities may be kept in their current state by minimizing their major negative impact.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"19 1","pages":"12 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83095280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropogenic Resources Contribute to Settlement of Mud-Nesting Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica) in an Arid Environment","authors":"Aidan K. McLendon, D. Butler","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1942174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1942174","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Globally, bird populations are declining. This may be caused by human alterations of habitats formerly used by birds. Migratory birds show flexibility in resource use, however, a distinct move to a different habitat type demands investigation. The objective of this study is to understand the resources available to Barn swallows (Hirundo rustica) in White Sands National Park, New Mexico (WSNP) and how this species is utilizing this arid landscape. Results show that Barn swallows are aided by resources provided by the WSNP Visitor Center. Water and mud sources, perching and foraging sites, and protection from weather extremes and predators are all present and are exploited by Barn swallows in WSNP. Future research of this population could help determine if the Visitor Center is functioning as a sink or source habitat and how the establishment of a generalist species (with certain advantages) is competing with specialist species in this area. Understanding shifts in habitat types for migratory birds is important as conservation and management modeling continue to forecast suitable and available habitats for protected birds.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"64 1","pages":"35 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85855086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature Microclimate Near a Tropical Rainforest Waterfall","authors":"J. Senkbeil, Hannah Briner, W. Schaefer, Alexis Clouser, Chloe McCrary, Luke Plescia, Joseph Omer, Colin O’Leary Helmers, Caylin Kliner, Makayla Dorroh, Sydney Ott","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1929421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1929421","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The temperature microclimate of a tropical rainforest waterfall was evaluated over a six-day period in February 2020. Observations at the waterfall were compared to a weather station located in a small rainforest clearing at a research center more than 1 km away. Results found that the research center weather station was significantly warmer than all five waterfall sensors for all observations supporting previous research findings of warmer temperatures at forest clearing sites compared to forest with intact canopy. There were additional significant differences among sensors surrounding the waterfall, with results showing that sensors closer to the waterfall were the coldest. Because diurnal heating was believed to be the primary contributor to the significant results, tests were run for only the nocturnal hours to evaluate the robustness of the results. The research center weather station was still significantly warmer than all of the waterfall sensors for nocturnal hours with distance away from the waterfall again being the primary reason why there were significant differences between the waterfall sensors. It is hypothesized that modest evaporational cooling in a high-humidity environment due to downsloping winds at night is responsible for several low temperature outliers at four of the waterfall sensors.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"3 1","pages":"1 - 11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77203652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measures of Commuting and Local Transport Demand in Germany: A Case Study for Eighty-Nine Municipalities","authors":"Timotheus Klein","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1918572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1918572","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The way the spatial distribution of residential and commercial land use and the ensuing commuting patterns influence regional transport demand has been the subject of numerous studies. The motivation of this study is to ascertain which measures of regional commuting can serve as indicators for other transport-related parameters. It uses publicly available German commuter, road network, and mobility survey data for eighty-nine municipalities in Germany. The analysis of commuting efficiency for the eighty-nine study areas required reversing the aggregation of relational volumes due to data protection issues. It revealed the study area delineation as a major factor influencing measures of commuting efficiency. In total, sixteen commuting measures and twelve mobility survey parameters were subjected to simple linear regression analysis. The regression analysis yielded low coefficients of determination (R 2) for measures of commuting efficiency. Higher R 2 up to 0.60 were found for the commuting measure of residence-based self-containment with the number of cars per household as well as the number and total distance of motorized and unmotorized trips. These findings underline the responsibility of transport system design for the development of sustainable cities.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"34 1","pages":"437 - 452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78353793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Patterns and Determinants of Reproductive Health Care Utilization in Nigeria: 2008–2018","authors":"Y. C. Akinyemi","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1921015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1921015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examined the spatiotemporal variations and determinants of reproductive health care (RH) indicators in Nigeria- contraceptive prevalence rate, antenatal care by skilled provider, institutional delivery, skilled attendant at birth, and postnatal care, for the period 2008–2018. Data were obtained from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 2008, 2013, and 2018. Moran’s I indices and multivariable logistic regression analysis were employed. Wide spatial variations exist in RH utilization at regional, urban/rural and district levels, and among different socio-economic groups. Reproductive healthcare utilization was high in the South-West and South-East zones, urban areas, among women with post-secondary education, richest households, women aged 20–34 years and first birth order but low in the North-West and North-East zones, rural areas, among women with no education, poorest households and those aged 15–19 years. All the RH indicators exhibited a clustered pattern nationally. Locally, hotspot clusters were located in the South-West and South-East while cold spots concentrated in the North-West and North-East zones. Educational level and wealth were the most consistent determinants of utilization of all the RH indicators. Other factors include region, place of residence, partner/husbands educational level and ethnicity. Strengthening of health interventions and educational campaigns are required especially in rural areas.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"71 1","pages":"453 - 481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82028686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Planning Framework for Development of Rural Activity Centers: Method of Location Allocation, Effect on Trip Length, and Policy Implications","authors":"Sushreeta Mishra, P. Sahu, Agnivesh Pani, Babak Mehran","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1901237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1901237","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Activity center (AC) location allocation is a central concept for better quality of life, poverty reduction, accessibility maximization, and minimization of trip length and cost. An AC is characterized by p number of basic facilities present within it. The proposed framework identifies heuristically the potential locations of ACs that consist of multiple basic facilities. This article proposes a spatial planning framework to help policymakers while making infrastructure development decisions within budgetary limitations. For the application of this planning framework, a rural district in India is considered to allocate the location of ACs with four facilities: a health-care center, high school, bank, and market. The effect of AC developments on trip length is analyzed by preparing different activity chains to complete multiple trip purposes. Two cases are considered for location allocation of ACs. In the first case, we assumed that there is no facility existing in the study area; the latter case dealt with a situation where there are facilities already existing. In the case analysis, four categories of ACs are configured: AC4 with all four facility types, AC3 with any three facility types, AC2 with any two facility types, and AC1 with a single facility. Findings revealed that considerable trip cost savings in terms of trip length reduction could be realized from AC4 type activity centers over all other categories of AC. The policy context discussed in this article will not only help in maintaining uniformity in socioeconomic services over the region, but also, balance population density in physically isolated areas and densely populated areas. With the illustrated application, all the identified ACs with partial services within a region can be augmented to become full-fledged ACs in a phased manner, where infrastructure financing is constrained, particularly in lower and middle-income economies. In summary, the research framework will improve the quality of life in rural regions with a focus on better health, improved education, and an enhanced economy.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"56 1","pages":"372 - 391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91335866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Student Mobility Flows in a Greek Regional University: Spatial Interactions and Social Dynamics as Leaders for the Place of Study Decision Making","authors":"E. Anastasiou, Konstantina Ragazou","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1901238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1901238","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper will focus on presenting and analyzing student flows in the direction of a Greek regional university. The major objective is to interpret the place-of-study decision-making process based on students’ spatial, economic, and social perceptions. This is a topic of pivotal importance in social demography as it involves population mobility issues and how students are integrated into the society, the socio-spatial impact this has on them, and the influence they have on local societies. This study used a mixed methods approach based on 1834 first-year students at the University of Thessaly. For the analysis, a range of tools was used, such as flow matrix analyses, thematic cartography, principal component analyses, and hierarchical classification. Key findings illustrated that students make location-based decisions regarding their place of study. Furthermore, to a lesser extent, their perceptions of the economic crisis and attitudes toward student life are involved. This indicates the impact of the economic crisis on household budgets. It was further concluded that not all university cities attract the same profile of students. In specific locations, students lean toward studying at their home university or close to their family residence, meaning student commuting has become a new type of mobility in Greece.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"64 1","pages":"392 - 407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72583790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Warm Season Crowdsourced Temperature with Satellite-Derived Temperature within the City of Atlanta and Its Application to Localized Prediction","authors":"Allen D. Roberts","doi":"10.1080/23754931.2021.1901770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23754931.2021.1901770","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was an attempt to correlate crowdsourced temperature with satellite-derived temperature during the warm season within the City of Atlanta of the Atlanta, Georgia (GA) metropolitan region (AMR). If crowdsourced and satellite-derived temperature examined during the evaluated warm season were found to have a significant correlation, an application to localized temperature prediction was to be addressed. Results suggests crowdsourced temperature could be more or just as accurate as official meteorological stations in simulating temperature calculated from remote sensors over a 7-year, 6-month warm season analyzing 15 imagery scenes. To see how localized variation in predicted temperatures could be visualized at the scale surrounding the City of Atlanta, regression equations were applied to scenes representing 7-monthly seasonal snapshots from April to October and based upon a mean scene temperature computed using averaged temperature values from 4 core AMR counties and the City of Atlanta. A significant finding is that mean scene temperature range between crowdsourced and official regression equations decreased incrementally from a maximum in April to a minimum in July to a maximum again during October and points toward equalized temperature readings at the localized scale during the height of the warm season when thermal anomalies are highest.","PeriodicalId":36897,"journal":{"name":"Papers in Applied Geography","volume":"49 1","pages":"408 - 436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77029458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}