{"title":"Development of A Rapid Microtiterplate Based Colorimetric Method for Estimation of Non-esterified Fatty Acids in Bovine Plasma","authors":"M. Mondal, K. Baruah","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.572","url":null,"abstract":"Non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) is one of the most important blood metabolites contributing significantly during body growth, cyclicity, pregnancy and lactation, and it plays more vital role particularly during transition phase of the biological processes like pregnancy to lactation transition period. Determination of blood concentrations of NEFA is, therefore, important. The measurement technique or assay for measurement of blood NEFA should be simple, reliable, accurate, rapid and cheap. Here, the authors developed a sensitive and fast microtiterplate colorimetry-based method for estimation of NEFA in bovine plasma. The method is simple to perform and gives accurate, precise results in 100 µL samples. The developed method requires at least five times less quantity of plasma and reagents than that of already existing methods. Furthermore, ability of the method for taking reading of all the samples together on microtiterplate in a reader enable us to save a lot of time. Hence, the developed method may be adopted for estimation of NEFA in bovine plasma. Keywords: NEFA, bovine, microtiterplate, plasma, assay Cite this Article Mondal M, Baruah KK. Development of A Rapid Microtiterplate Based Colorimetric Method for Estimation of Non-Esterified Fatty Acids in Bovine Plasma. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2015; 4(3): 29–34p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75867043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pyometra in Bitches: A Review of Literature","authors":"V. Prasad, P. Kumar, M. Sreenu","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V6I2.563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V6I2.563","url":null,"abstract":"Pyometra is a frequently diagnosed bacterial infection of the uterus in intact, sexually mature bitches, leading to the accumulation of purulent material in the uterine lumen. Approximately one third of the anoestrous bitches can be diagnosed with pyometra. Closed-cervix pyometra is particularly dangerous, because septicaemia and toxaemia may develop rapidly and if left untreated can result in death of the patient. Due to the insidious nature of the disease and its sometimes equivocal clinical signs, patients are often presented in poor condition for anaesthesia and surgery. Keywords: Pyometra, uterus, bitches Cite this Article Prasad VD, Kumar PR, Sreenu M. Pyometra in Bitches: A Review of Literature. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2017; 6(2): 12–20p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"12-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89701477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Growth Performance and Weight Estimation of Large White Piglets Weaned at Different Ages","authors":"P. Birteeb, saac O Tetteh, A. Salifu","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.568","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out on 24 neonatal large white piglets at the National Livestock Breeding Station, Pong-Tamale to assess their performance when weaned at different ages and to determine the relationship between linear body measurements and the body weight of piglets in weight prediction. The piglets were randomly weaned at three selected weaning ages (4, 6 and 8 weeks) but reared under uniform conditions. Initial body weight (BW), initial body length (BL), initial chest girth (CG) and initial height at withers (HW); were measured. Weekly measurements of the parameters were taken for 20 weeks. By the 20th week, piglets weaned at 8 weeks were superior (P 0.05) were recorded in the body length and the height at withers of the selected weaned ages. The chest girth was the best predictor of body weight, yielding highest prediction accuracies of 92.3% (at 5 weeks), 76.9% (at 10 weeks), 86.1% (at 15 weeks) and 87.5% (at 20 weeks). Conclusively, large white piglets grew better when weaned at 8 weeks, and chest girth could be reliably used to predict body weight in large white grower pigs. Keywords : Swine, body measurements, linear, livestock, prediction Cite this Article Birteeb Peter T, Tetteh Isaac O, Salifu Abdul-Rahaman S. Growth Perfor-mance and Weight Estimation of Large White Piglets Weaned at Different Ages. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2015; 4(3): 15–23p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":"15-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78475304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kharayat, G. Chaudhary, R. Katiyar, B. Balmurugan, M. Patel, S. Uniyal, M. Raza, G. Mishra
{"title":"Significance of Artificial Insemination in Poultry","authors":"N. Kharayat, G. Chaudhary, R. Katiyar, B. Balmurugan, M. Patel, S. Uniyal, M. Raza, G. Mishra","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V5I1.519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V5I1.519","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Artificial insemination (AI) involves the deposition of semen into female reproductive tract manually. It starts from the collection of the semen from the male and its evaluation in terms of motility, viability and concentration followed by its deposition into female reproductive tract. Sexual maturity in both male and female bird occurs at 18 weeks of age. One ejaculate of a male can cover up 20 female birds by using AI. Dose of semen is 100–200 million spermatozoa/insemination in 50 microliter volume. Poultry semen shows poor response for cryopreservation so AI is done as soon as semen is collected. Further research is needed regarding poultry sperm biology, cellular and molecular basis of oviductal spermatozoa transport, selection, and storage to make AI more efficient in the birds. Keywords: Artificial insemination, semen, cryopreservation Cite this Article Kharayat NS, Chaudhary GR, Katiyar R et al. Significance of Artificial Insemination in Poultry. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2016; 5(1): 15–19p","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"57 1","pages":"15-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75287153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Uniyal, A. Mishra, K. Aswin, J. K. Sahoo, V. Munde, G. Mishra
{"title":"Use of Nitrates and Sulphates as Hydrogen Sink in Reducing Enteric Methane Production","authors":"S. Uniyal, A. Mishra, K. Aswin, J. K. Sahoo, V. Munde, G. Mishra","doi":"10.37591/rrjovst.v5i2.529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/rrjovst.v5i2.529","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Methane (CH4) and other gases like carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), are green house gases (GHGs) that aggravates the effects of solar and thermal radiation on surface and atmospheric temperature. CH4 is the second largest GHG having 21 times more heat generation potential than CO2. Global livestock agriculture was responsible for 18% of the anthropogenic GHG emissions annually. CH4 production in the rumen accounts for 2–12 % loss of gross energy and consequently influence performance of ruminants. So, reducing ruminant CH4 emissions is an important objective for ensuring the sustainability of ruminant-based livestock farming. CH4 is formed in the rumen by methanogens (part of the domain Archaea), mainly from H2 and CO2. Within the rumen microbial food web, methanogens perform the beneficial task of removing H2, that allows reduced cofactors to be reoxidized and recycled, thereby enhancing the breakdown and fermentation of plant material. Therefore, rumen CH4 mitigation strategies need to consider alternative routes of H2 utilization. Nitrates and sulphates are potent inhibitors of CH4 in many anaerobic system including rumen; these salts have greater affinity for H2 as compared to CO2 resulting in net reduction in CH4 production. Experimental evidence suggest that nitrate and sulphate inhibit CH4 production both in vitro and in vivo without any adverse effect on rumen fermentation but the drawback is that nitrate is toxic to the animals; so supplementation at lower level helps the animal to acclimatize and reduces the chances of toxicity Keywords: Methane (CH4), sulphates, hydrogen, methanogens, fermentation Cite this Article Uniyal S, Mishra AK, Aswin K, et al. Use of Nitrates and Sulphates as Hydrogen Sink in Reducing Enteric Methane Production. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2016; 5(2): 5–8p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"44 1","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85471976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of an Endocrine Profiles Based Mathematical Model for the Estrous Cycle in Indian Crossbred CowsDevelopment of an Endocrine Profiles Based Mathematical Model for the Estrous Cycle in Indian Crossbred Cows","authors":"M. Mondal, M. Karunakaran, M. Ghosh, T. K. Dutta","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.573","url":null,"abstract":"Declined fertility of the high-yielding dairy cows reared under intensive condition of management is of great concern not only for India but for the whole world. The bovine estrous cycle, particularly the estrus, is tightly controlled by the complex interplay of various organs and hormones. Mathematical modeling of the bovine estrous cycle could help in understanding the dynamics of this complex biological system. The authors, therefore, developed a mechanistic mathematical model for the estrous cycle of Indian crossbred cows that exclusively includes the key hormones that interact to control these processes. The authors used the data generated by them for approximately 163 estrous cycles having 1793 readings related to different hormones like LH, FSH, progesterone, estrogen, etc., under the control of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (ovarian) axis. The developed model was capable enough to generate successive estrous cycles of 21-day length. The model contains seven differential equations and 34 parameters. By simulating the developed model, a set of equations and parameters that were obtained were found to describe vividly the system consistent with empirical knowledge. In conclusion, the authors for the first time developed a mechanistic mathematical model of the estrous cycle for the Indian crossbred cows and it can be used for predicting hormonal inter milieu of the complex biological system without spending much time and money towards laboratory estimation. The developed model may also be used as a basis for more elaborate models that can predict the effects of external manipulations and genetic differences in Indian bovines. Keywords: Indian crossbred cow, hormones, differential equations, systems biology Cite this Article Mondal M, Karunakaran M, Ghosh MK et al. Development of an Endocrine Profiles Based Mathematical Model for The Estrous Cycle in Indian Crossbred Cows. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2015; 4(3): 35–38p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"462 1","pages":"35-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82984382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review: Lumpy Skin Disease","authors":"E. Mulatu, A. Feyisa","doi":"10.4172/2157-7579.1000535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7579.1000535","url":null,"abstract":"Lumpy skin disease, which is caused by lumpy skin disease virus, is among the major health problems affecting the livestock industry of most African countries. Skin lesions are the major sources of infection; although the virus is evacuated via different body secretions and excretions including semen. Thus, susceptible hosts contract the virus principally by mechanical means from hematophagous arthropods, including biting flies, mosquitoes and ticks. Transstadial and transovarial persistence in varies species of ticks is also possible. Following infection, characteristic lumpy skin disease lesions may explode from 7 to 14 days post infection under experimental conditions whereas in natural cases it takes 2 to 5 weeks. Lumpy skin disease is manifested by distinguishing firm, circumscribed, few (mild forms) to multiple (severe forms) skin nodules, which sometimes involve mucous membranes of respiratory system, urogenital system and other internal organs. Subsequently, milk production lessen, abortion, temporary or permanent sterility, damage to hide and deaths will occur which further contribute to a momentous economic loss in cattle producing countries. Therefore, large-scale vaccination combined with other appropriate control measures are the most effective way of limiting the spread and economic impact due to lumpy skin disease. This review is designed with the aim of providing, latest information on the biology of lumpy skin disease virus, mechanism of spread, clinical and pathological features of lumpy skin disease.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"138 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77456296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mammary Gland Fibroadenoma in a Bitch","authors":"Sanjiv Kumar, R. Tiwary","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.571","url":null,"abstract":"he work was conducted on an adult German shepherd bitch having a growing lump in the mammary gland. Tentatively it appeared to be a case of benign tumour of first left thoracic mammary gland. Sample was collected for cytopathological and histopathological examination of the affected tissue. FNAC was done by Papanicoloau’s stain while routine paraffin embedding technique was employed for histopathological examination, which revealed it to be a case of mammary gland fibroadenoma which was then surgically removed successfully with full recovery. Keywords: Mammary gland fibroadenoma, benign tumour, FNAC Cite this Article Sanjiv Kumar, Ramesh Tiwary. Mammary Gland Fibroadenoma in a Bitch. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2015; 4(3): 27–28p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"355 1","pages":"27-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76418006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Krishnamoorthy, M. Satyanarayana, B. Shome, Suguna Rao, H. Rahman
{"title":"Haemato-Biochemical Changes in Staphylococcal Species Induced Mastitis in Mouse Model","authors":"P. Krishnamoorthy, M. Satyanarayana, B. Shome, Suguna Rao, H. Rahman","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I3.569","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, haemato-biochemical changes in mouse mastitis by inoculating Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. chromogenes, S. haemolyticus and S. Aureus isolated from bovine milk was studied. Blood was collected by intracardiac route at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Haematological changes noticed were: white blood cells (WBC) decreased in S. haemolyticus and S. chromogenes at 48 h; S. haemolyticus and S. aureus at 96 h. S. haemolyticus showed increased lymphocyte at 24 and 48 h and in S. aureus at 48 h. Neutrophil was decreased in S. haemolyticus and S. aureus group. Glucose increased at 6 h with three Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CNS) species and S. aureus. Glucose and total protein increased in S. chromogenes infected mice. Globulin levels showed decrease in S. epidermidis and S. aureus. Albumin globulin ratio showed decreasing trend in S. chromogenes and S. haemolyticus inoculated mice. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level increased at 6 and 12 h in all infected groups. Alanine aminotransferase increased at 12 and 48 h in S. chromogenes and S. aureus respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased at 6 h in all the infected mice. Thus, three CNS species induced haemato-biochemical changes in haemoglobin, WBC, neutrophil, glucose, total protein, AST and LDH which may be used as indicators for diagnosis of CNS species mastitis in mice. Keywords: Staphylococcus species, mouse mastitis, haemato-biochemical changes Cite this Article Krishnamoorthy P, Satyanarayana ML, Shome BR, et al. Haemato-Biochemical Changes in Staphylococcal Species induced Mastitis in Mouse Model + . Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2015; 4(3): 8–14p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"8-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82472469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ajeet Kumar, Anil Gattani, Gurminder Singh, R. Tiwary, S. Samantaray
{"title":"Antioxidant Status and Lipid Peroxidation in Erythrocyte of Dog Infested with Demodex canis","authors":"Ajeet Kumar, Anil Gattani, Gurminder Singh, R. Tiwary, S. Samantaray","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I2.546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V4I2.546","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted on fifteen dogs (n = 8 demodicosis, n = 7 healthy) brought to Veterinary Clinics, Bihar Veterinary College Clinics to determine Antioxidant Status and Lipid Peroxidation in erythrocyte of Demodex canis infested dog. Activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration were estimated in erythrocytes of dogs. Activity of CAT, SOD and TBARS concentration were higher in infected dogs than healthy dogs while and GSH concentration was higher in healthy dog than infected dogs. The results of the present study suggest that Demodex canis infestation cause oxidative stress in erythrocyte of dogs. Keywords: Demodex, SOD, GSH, Antioxidant, CAT Cite this Article Ajeet Kumar, Anil Gattani, Singh GD., et al. Antioxidant Status and Lipid Peroxidation in Erythrocyte of Dog Infested with Demodex canis. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology (RRJoVST). 2015; 4(2): 1–3p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82526274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}