Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"NetB negative Clostridium perfringens infection associated with acute necrotic enteritis in mynah (Acridotheres tristis), grey partridge (Perdix perdix) and turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)","authors":"Jamshid Razmyar, M. Rezaee, A. Movassaghi, Bahram Shojadust","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V9I2.56897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V9I2.56897","url":null,"abstract":"A non–enterotoxin (CPE)–producing Clostridium perfringens type A, associated with enteritis in a mynah (Acridotheres tristis), a grey partridge (Perdix perdix) and a turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) was characterized from cases with clinical symptoms from September 2010 until October 2012. Affected birds exhibited anorexia and diarrhea. Gross and histological findings were indicative of acute necrotic enteritis. Clostridium perfringens was isolated in bacterial cultures. Multiplex PCR for toxin profiling of the isolates revealed that the all three isolates were Clostridium perfringens type A, positive for cpb2 and cpa.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"64-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46271960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Mycoplasma bovis in bulk tank milk samples by nested PCR in Mashhad, Iran","authors":"Mehran Dabiri, P. Mirshokraei, M. Rad, B. Khoramian","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V9I2.57678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V9I2.57678","url":null,"abstract":"Mycoplasma bovis is a highly contagious major mastitis pathogen with multiple clinical presentations in dairy cows. This kind of mastitis does not respond to available antibiotics and actually there is no effective therapy for this infection, thus the best way of prevention and control is to diagnose and cull the affected cows in the herd. The objective of this study was to detect Mycoplasma bovis in bulk tank milk samples by nested PCR in Mashhad, Iran. One hundred and four fresh bulk tank milk samples from 52 dairy herds were collected four weeks apart. Mycoplasma bovis was not detected from any of them by either direct PCR on milk or after enrichment in modified Hayflick’s broth. Two other mycoplasma species were detected after enrichment and one other mycoplasma \u0000species without enrichment by mycoplasma spp. primer. Sequencing of the PCR products from two positive samples confirmed the presence of mycoplasma that were Mycoplasma canadense and Mycoplasma yeatsii.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"28-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46316112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory evaluation of the color of mutton by computer vision system","authors":"Samaneh Tabibian, M. Mohsenzadeh, H. Pourreza, M. Golzarian","doi":"10.22067/VETERINARY.V9I2.63673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22067/VETERINARY.V9I2.63673","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of meat color by a computer vision system (CVS) is a promising implement to dominate the difficulties when the meat is directly evaluated. In this study, 60 Longissimus dorsi from different carcasses of sheep were provided and cut into samples in 5 mm thickness. Immediately under standard shooting conditions, photographing was carried out by CVS. At the same time, the color of meat was measured with Hunterlab colorimeter. The first photo was taken on samples on a freshly cut surface just arrived at the laboratory and the others on 3rd, 5th,7th, 9th, 11th, and 13th days after slaughtering. Then, seven trained sensory panels were asked to evaluate the color of the photos that were taken during 13 days and graded them in order of preference. In general sensory panel preferred samples with high lightness, a relatively high redness, and yellowness until 7 days after slaughtering.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68598975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymorphisms in the Prion Protein Gene, Associated with Chronic Wasting Disease, in the Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)","authors":"I. Roh, Hyo-Jin Kim, Hyun Jeong Kim, Tae-Young Suh, Jeong-hee Han, Hae-Eun Kang, H. Sohn","doi":"10.4172/2157-7579.1000505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7579.1000505","url":null,"abstract":"Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative diseases that affect humans and non-human mammals. Different alleles of the prion protein gene (PRNP) of humans and sheep are associated with varying susceptibilities to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a prion disease of cervids, and polymorphisms at specific codons in the PRNP gene are associated with this disease. To assess the susceptibility of free-ranging deer to CWD, polymorphisms in PRNP were examined in the Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus), focusing on codons that are potentially associated with CWD susceptibility (95, 96, 116, 132, 225, and 226). CWD surveillance was conducted by an antigen ELISA of tissue samples from 545 Korean water deer collected in eight provinces of the Republic of Korea. No prion protein associated with CWD was detected in any of the samples. These results suggest that PRNP of the Korean water deer shows low variation and the species has not been infected with CWD.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"59 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84921558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Global Warming on Livestock Production and Reproduction: An Overview","authors":"B. Balamurugan, V. Tejaswi, K. Priya, R. Sasikala, T. Karuthadurai, M. Ramamoorthy, D. Jena","doi":"10.37591/RRJOVST.V6I3.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37591/RRJOVST.V6I3.57","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming refers to the increase in the earth’s average temperature due to the accumulation of green house gases in the atmosphere. Due to global warming, there is a climate change which poses alarming challenge to the development of livestock sector in India with an anticipated rise in temperature between 2.3 and 4.8°C together with increased precipitation. This causes thermal stress to animals. Effect of thermal stress on animal health mainly includes reduction of production and reproduction traits in animals. Reduction in milk production is one of the major economic impacts of thermal stress in dairy cattle. Heat stress is of major concern for the poultry industry because of the resulting poor growth performances and high mortality rates. Over all, heat stress reduces the reproductive and productive performance of livestock by various means and thus in this review, we presented a brief note of various production and reproduction parameters affected due to global warming. Keywords: Global warming, production, reproduction Cite this Article Balamurugan B, Tejaswi V, Priya K et al. Effect of Global Warming on Livestock Production and Reproduction: An Overview. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2017; 6(3): 12–18p.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87519182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Village Chicken Production and Breeding Practices of Smallholders in Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"B. Asmelash, M. Dawit, E. Kebede","doi":"10.4172/2157-7579.1000507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7579.1000507","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in Eastern Ethiopian districts of Oromia regional State such as Meta, Deder, Goro Gutu, Babile, and Jigjiga districts of Somali regional state. So far in Eastern Ethiopia, very little effort has been made in characterization of village chicken production, husbandry and identification of smallholder’s trait selections. Therefore, this study was initiated with the aim of characterization of village chicken production, husbandry, breeding practices and identification of smallholder’s trait selection in Eastern Ethiopia. Majority (42.29%) of respondents maintained large proportion of layers in the flock in the study area. The village chicken production of the study districts were characterized by poor management which used scavenging system as major feed resources (99%), no appropriate house (93.3%), no regular vaccination (100%) and uncontrolled breeding. The mean annual egg production of the village chicken of the districts was estimated at 51.66 in an average of 3.69 production cycles a year. All smallholders in the study area keep chickens principally for cash income more important than egg and meat production for home consumption. Moreover, majority of respondents get benefit (31.74%) from chicken manure through application as a fertilizer for garden vegetable production in their backwards. The respondents (89%) confirmed that “Fengil” (New castle disease), “Albasa” (Coccidiosis) and “Kinkin” (External parasites) are the serious disease outbreak results in complete devastation of the flock. Most stallholders ranked first the egg size birds laying (0.412) and second reproduction performances (0.276) among their selection criteria’s. Only few respondents (35%) reared their own cock for a breeding purpose and majority had no breeding experience in improving their chicken productivity.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73860778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy Products Marketing Systems and its Constraints in Gimbi District, West Wollega Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"Amanuel A. Bekuma, U. Galmessa, L. Fita","doi":"10.4172/2157-7579.1000556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7579.1000556","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in Gimbi district, West Wollega zone to characterize dairy products marketing systems and to determine and prioritize common dairy products marketing constraints. 130 household respondents were selected based on ownership of dairy cows and dairy products marketing potential and viability. Accordingly, traditionally processed butter, whole milk and fermented whole milk are marketable dairy products, of which butter is the major dairy product sold by farmers. From the result, only informal dairy products marketing system through different channels were practiced. Low milk quantity, distance to the markets, high cost of transport and spoilage were the major constraints of dairy products marketing systems in the study area. As market is the driving force to the development of this sector, responsible stakeholders should not only work towards dairy production and productivity of cattle but also towards dairy marketing options.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80453598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beef Cattle Fattening Practices and Marketing Systems in Gondar Town, Amhara, Ethiopia","authors":"Habtamu Ayalew, Genzeb Tamru, D. Abebe","doi":"10.4172/2157-7579.1000555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7579.1000555","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to describe the cattle fattening practices and the existing marketing systems. For this study, four farmer associations were selected on purpose. From each PA, 20 respondents (a total of 80 HH) were randomly selected from owners who practice fattening cattle and the data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and observation. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software.In the study area, the food resources used for their fattening cattle were 67.5%, 17.5% and 15.0% of wheat and corn bran, bean and rice bran and the mixture of bean + peacoat + hay as feed for their fattening cattle without scientific formulation, respectively. The sources of water used by respondents were 72.5% and 27.5%, respectively, for river and strip water. The finding revealed that majority of fatteners was select cattle based on phenotypic characteristics of the cattle by body frame (58.8%), glossy coat color (31.2%), wide/deep body condition (7.5%) and thick neck (2.5%). The survey result indicated 65.0% and 35.0% of respondents used trekking and vehicle (trucking) transporting practices, respectively. Even though, weight measurements had not practiced in the area, 87.5% respondents price set factor were depending on live weight of animals. The current study showed that the main constraints of beef cattle fattening practices in Gondar town were feed cost increase (30.0%), lack of credit (12.5%) and absence of market information (16.2%).In general, the fattening practices of beef cattle in the study area were constrained by various challenges and not supported by improved fattening technology. In order to increase the profitability of feeders, the provision to farmers of adequate training and extension services on improved livestock fattening technologies, key management practices and market information should be mandatory. In Ethiopia both farming and pastoral household's largely dependent on livestock for their livelihood system. Livestock have diverse function in the live hold systems of Ethiopia farmers in the various farming system and serves as a source of food, traction, manure, row materials, cash income foreign exchange earning social and culture identity. In terms of contribution to national economy, livestock contribute about 16.5% of the Gross domestic product (GDP) and 35.6% of the agriculture GDP and currently the subsector supports and sustains livelihoods for 80% of rural population . Cattle fattening is one of the newly incipient activity. The sector is an emerging for employment and income generation for urban and pre-urban dweller, particularly, for those vacant farmers due to urbanization and cattle fattening association organized at small scale micro finance level. Cattle fattening is an effective tool for poverty reduction and simultaneously becomes an important commercial sector, attention must focus on small livestock feeders as well as the private sector as engines of economic vitali","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79654400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessments of Challenges and Marketing Channels of Skin and Hide in Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"D. Belina, Wendwesn Belachew, A. Hiko, Ararsa Duguma, Ibrahim Hasen, Abu Urji, S. Lemma","doi":"10.4172/2157-7579.1000510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7579.1000510","url":null,"abstract":"A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to September 2017 on skin and hide defects, handling practice and marketing channel in east and west Hararghe zone, Oromia region. In this study, both purposive and random samplings were used to select the districts (Babille, Haramaya, Chiro and Chiro zuria), PAs and households from the two zones. A total of 247 respondents from households, butcheries, municipal abattoirs, middlemen and local skin and hide collectors were interviewed. Direct wet skin and hide observation and follow up investigation was also made on 62 cattle hide, 86 sheep and 99 goat skins from 136 different sites to collection centers along the marketing channel to the tannery plant. The result of the study showed 17% of the respondents had no understanding on contribution of skin and hide in national economy and only 34% of the participants had sold skin and hide to local collectors and traders whereas 12.1% of the participants preferred to use skin or hide for coverings of home materials. The study also revealed involvement of illegal traders, poor infrastructures, uneven distribution of collectors were some of the main challenges in skin and hide marketing and rejection at tannery because of damages during flaying and preslaughter factors like skin diseases and ectoparasites, poor preservation techniques, storage and transportation methods were identified as the main factors downgrading skin and hide. Of the 247 wet blue skin and hides examined at Mojo tannery PLC only 4.9% fall in export level grading score (grade 1-4), 27.1% were rejected and the left fall in grading level supplied to local market. Hence, there was knowledge gap in skin and hide handling practices and poor market access. Therefore, awareness creation and building link amongst producer to collector, trader and tannery were recommended.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"227 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76996628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Contamination Level of Staphylococcus aureus in Raw Camel Milk and Associated Risk Factors in Jigjiga District, Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"B. Serda, A. Bekele, Daniel Abebe","doi":"10.4172/2157-7579.1000501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7579.1000501","url":null,"abstract":"A cross sectional study was conducted from August, 2014 to February 2015 aimed to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw camel milk and to assess risk factors. The study was conducted on a total of 384 bulk milk samples from three critical points. For this study both laboratory and questionnaire based data were collected. The overall prevalence of S. aureus was found to be 11.45% (44/384). The frequency of isolation of S. aureus varied between sources of sample and ranged from 7-15%. The prevalence of S. aureus was 7.03% (9/128), 11.71% (15/128) and 15% (20/128) from household, primary collection centers and selling sites, respectively. The raw camel milk samples were contaminated and the S. aureus counts markedly variable among samples at different sampling points. Mean S. aureus count was found to be 4.2 × 104 CFU/ml and the mean count of the samples at household was 8.9 × 102 CFU/ml, 9.9 × 103 CFU/ml at primary collection centers and 1.1 × 105 CFU/ml at selling sites. The difference was not statistically significant between the sampling points (p>0.05). In the study area, camel milk is consumed (100%) in its raw state without being subjected to any sort of processing treatment. The outcome of the present results suggests that, the examined raw camel milk samples were produced and handled under poor hygienic conditions with high health risk to the consumers. Consumption of raw camel milk should be of major concern from public health point of view. This study recommends for urgent development and adaptation of feasible and sustainable interventions to improve the camel milk hygiene and safety in study area and to mitigate staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) in the region.","PeriodicalId":36826,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology","volume":"71 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73780242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}