Academic Forensic Pathology最新文献

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Deaths from Angioedema-Anaphylaxis and Covid-19.
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1177/19253621251320212
Austin Gray, Richard Ou, Raffi Djabourian, J Daniel Augustine, Lakshmanan Sathyavagiswaran
{"title":"Deaths from Angioedema-Anaphylaxis and Covid-19.","authors":"Austin Gray, Richard Ou, Raffi Djabourian, J Daniel Augustine, Lakshmanan Sathyavagiswaran","doi":"10.1177/19253621251320212","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621251320212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angioedema is non-dependent, non-pitting edema at a variety of sites. Its forms can be divided into histamine-mediated and bradykinin-mediated types. Histamine-mediated forms can present similarly to anaphylaxis with urticaria and itching, while bradykinin-mediated angioedema is slower in onset, presents with greater facial oropharyngeal involvement, and has a higher risk of progression. Bradykinin-mediated angioedema is of particular importance as it will not respond to the usual medications used in histamine-mediated anaphylaxis (steroids, antihistamines, epinephrine, etc). In this report, we present two cases of angioedema-induced death with coexisting COVID-19 infections in two male decedents. The associated gross autopsy, histology, and laboratory values will be discussed in detail. This article will highlight the importance of early detection and adequate treatment for the type of angioedema being evaluated as well as a discussion regarding the relationship between COVID-19 and angioedema.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621251320212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11843567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tamponade Hemopericardium due to Mitral Annulus Abscess Rupture.
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1177/19253621251316671
Stefano Tambuzzi, Guendalina Gentile, Michele Boracchi, Riccardo Zoja
{"title":"Tamponade Hemopericardium due to Mitral Annulus Abscess Rupture.","authors":"Stefano Tambuzzi, Guendalina Gentile, Michele Boracchi, Riccardo Zoja","doi":"10.1177/19253621251316671","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621251316671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the case of a 71-year-old diabetic woman, suffering from chronic renal failure and with a history of hemodialysis for 6 years, who suddenly died. The autopsy showed a tamponade hemopericardium and a perforation of the left atrio-ventricular wall by an abscess of the mitral annulus. A severe picture of calcification of the mitral annulus calcification also emerged. Histology confirmed the abscess, highlighting the presence of peri-abscess endocarditis. Post-mortem microbiological investigations identified the presence of <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>. The case was considered of interest, since the onset of an abscess of the mitral annulus is an infrequent occurrence and it is an even rarer event if it occurs on native heart valves and in the absence of associated finding of valve vegetation. Finally, the lethal evolution can also be considered rare since although theoretically the cardiac rupture from an abscess is a possible event that leads to death, to date no case has yet been reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621251316671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11826824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Concealed Homicide in a Sexually Abused Child. 儿童性侵案件中的隐性谋杀。
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1177/19253621241297419
Thato M Patlakwe, Arthur Saniotis, Nale Mvula
{"title":"Concealed Homicide in a Sexually Abused Child.","authors":"Thato M Patlakwe, Arthur Saniotis, Nale Mvula","doi":"10.1177/19253621241297419","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621241297419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual child homicide is a very high impact event. We report an instance where an 11-year-old boy was noticed by his grandmother hanging from the silver wired drying line which they are using for hanging the clothes in the house. Examination of the crime scene, autopsy findings, toxicological and DNA analysis confirmed the manner of death as sexual child homicide in a chronically abused child. A 28-year-old male perpetrator confessed to raping and murdering the boy, with DNA evidence and the perpetrator's confession providing strong legal proof. This case underscores the importance of post-mortem examinations in determining the exact manner of death and calling for vigilance in cases of suspected abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621241297419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Sudden Death of Cardinal Decio Azzolino Junior (1623-1689), the Universal Heir of Queen Christina of Sweden: A Dropsy Case? 瑞典女王克里斯蒂娜的法定继承人小德西奥·阿佐利诺红衣主教(1623-1689)的突然死亡:一个水臌病例?
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1177/19253621241299094
Fabiola Zurlini, Silvia Iorio, Vera Nigrisoli Wärnhjelm
{"title":"The Sudden Death of Cardinal Decio Azzolino Junior (1623-1689), the Universal Heir of Queen Christina of Sweden: A Dropsy Case?","authors":"Fabiola Zurlini, Silvia Iorio, Vera Nigrisoli Wärnhjelm","doi":"10.1177/19253621241299094","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621241299094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Cardinal Decio Azzolino Jr. (1623-1689), a leading figure at the Roman curia in the 17th century met in 1655 queen Christina of Sweden, arrived in Rome after her conversion to Roman Catholicism. The queen appointed the cardinal as her universal testamentary heir before her death on April 16th, 1689. Azzolino died of a sudden death shortly after, on June 8th. The article aims to question Azzolino's sudden death through the analysis of the cardinal's illnesses from which he was afflicted in the last decades of his life, examining the most likely causes of his demise. <b>Methodology:</b> Various unpublished epistolary letters were analysed, according to the chronological order of production between 1660 and 1689. A philological approach coupled with clinical-medical hypothesis inferable by the examined sources. <b>Results:</b> The cause of death is identified as an unexpected dropsy in some letters and the death certificate. The analysis of the letters allows the reconstruction of Azzolino' state of health and illnesses in the last two decades of life: bilious excesses, inflammations, podagra and gout, which appeared with the inflammation of the knee and walking difficulties, and, finally, asthenia, dyspnea and a probable stroke. <b>Conclusion:</b> The dropsy is a symptom underlying various possible pathologies. The cardinal's state of health had been precarious and already marked by various symptoms, which were progressively worsening over the last decades of his life. The hypothesis of a stroke is also plausible. His death was not sudden as the Roman curial environments lead us to believe.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621241299094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11629343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deaths Related to New-Onset Seizures After Vaccination. 接种疫苗后新发癫痫导致的死亡。
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2024-11-24 DOI: 10.1177/19253621241297029
Joseph A Prahlow
{"title":"Deaths Related to New-Onset Seizures After Vaccination.","authors":"Joseph A Prahlow","doi":"10.1177/19253621241297029","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621241297029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Adverse effects following vaccination are well-known. While most effects are mild and transient, some may be severe or even lethal. Particularly with regard to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations, which were \"fast-tracked,\" it is incumbent upon the medical community to be diligent in identifying potential vaccine-associated adverse events so that physicians and patients can make truly informed decisions when considering the risks versus benefits of vaccination. <b>Objective:</b> To provide an in-depth discussion about post-vaccination seizures, particularly with regard to COVID-19 vaccinations. <b>Research Design:</b> Retrospective review of two cases where death was deemed to be the result of new-onset seizures; in each case, the seizures began shortly following vaccination. <b>Subjects:</b> In one case, death was certified by the primary care physician, without implicating the recent COVID-19 vaccination. In the other case, certified by the medical examiner, recent simultaneous vaccination with a COVID-19 vaccine and an influenza vaccine were considered to be contributory to death. <b>Measures:</b> The case specifics are presented for each case, including clinical work-up (both cases) and autopsy findings (one case). <b>Conclusions:</b> When attempting to determine whether or not a seizure-related death is due to a vaccine-induced new-onset seizure disorder, forensic pathologists need to rule-out other explanations for the seizures. Although a temporal association between seizures and vaccination is not sufficient, in and of itself, to prove causality, the temporal association, in combination with the absence of another explanation for seizures, and knowledge of similar cases in the medical literature, is sufficient to ascribe a causal role to the vaccination.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621241297029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11586932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Left Thumb to Left Big Toe: An Uncommon Case of Electrocution Suicide. 从左手大拇指到左手大脚趾一个不常见的触电自杀案例。
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1177/19253621241300661
Sahil Thakral, Akhilesh Pathak
{"title":"Left Thumb to Left Big Toe: An Uncommon Case of Electrocution Suicide.","authors":"Sahil Thakral, Akhilesh Pathak","doi":"10.1177/19253621241300661","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621241300661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suicide is still a global public health concern. Electrocution suicide is a rarely observed method of ending life. We reported the incident of a young electrical technician in his 30s who was brought dead to the emergency room of a hospital with a history of electrocution. A detailed examination revealed that the electric lines were attached to the left thumb and left toe and connected to the electrical plug switch (220 V). A written, signed suicide note was recovered in the room, from which it was possible to derive details about the suicide's planning and draw the conclusion that an electric current had also gone through the body. This case was unusual in the methods used, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621241300661"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forensic Pathologist Testimony, Part 2: Special Issues and Considerations. 法医病理学家作证,第 2 部分:特殊问题和考虑因素。
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1177/19253621241297295
Susan F Ely, James R Gill
{"title":"Forensic Pathologist Testimony, Part 2: Special Issues and Considerations.","authors":"Susan F Ely, James R Gill","doi":"10.1177/19253621241297295","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621241297295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Forensic pathologists routinely testify in courts of law as part of their occupation. As such, part of their training involves learning how to testify responsibly and competently. As experts, they are permitted to offer opinions in order to assist the triers of fact.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review examines such concepts as burden of proof by manner of death, mechanisms of death, survival intervals, and the differences between possibilities, probabilities, and reasonable degree of medical certainty. It also addresses legal concepts and issues that may arise in court, including those of pain and suffering, cognitive bias, objections, attempts at witness impeachment, and surrogate witness testimony, as well as a summary of pertinent case law.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The special issues and considerations of the expert forensic pathologist are discussed with the aim to summarize some of the key issues that may arise in court for the forensic pathologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621241297295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forensic Pathologist Testimony, Part 1: Common Questions and Considerations. 法医病理学家作证,第 1 部分:常见问题和注意事项。
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1177/19253621241297350
James R Gill, Susan F Ely
{"title":"Forensic Pathologist Testimony, Part 1: Common Questions and Considerations.","authors":"James R Gill, Susan F Ely","doi":"10.1177/19253621241297350","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621241297350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Forensic pathologists are the only medical specialists who routinely testify in courts of law as part of their occupation. As such, one element of their training involves learning how to testify responsibly and competently. Individuals qualified as experts are permitted to offer opinions in order to assist the triers of fact.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We review the forensic pathologist's primary role as an expert witness which is to lay out concepts clearly, methodically, and objectively, in medicine, pathophysiology, toxicology, and injury, to convey these concepts with understandable, plain language, and to explain how certain evidence, physical, medical, and historical, supports their conclusions and/or presents limitations.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We discuss various components about testifying in court, some common expert questions posed to the forensic pathologist, and what concepts and facts they might consider when answering them. We do not offer a prescription as to how one should answer these questions specifically, but rather we provide a single resource that summarizes some of the key issues that may arise in court for the forensic pathologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621241297350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sex Estimation Using Heel-Ball Index: A Metric-Based Comparative Study on Foot and Footprint Dimensions. 使用跟球指数估算性别:基于尺度的脚和脚印尺寸比较研究
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/19253621241296620
Suraj S Shetty, M A S Ananthan, Varsha A Shetty, Nevin Tom, Aashi Verma, Mahabalesh Shetty, Smitha Rani
{"title":"Sex Estimation Using Heel-Ball Index: A Metric-Based Comparative Study on Foot and Footprint Dimensions.","authors":"Suraj S Shetty, M A S Ananthan, Varsha A Shetty, Nevin Tom, Aashi Verma, Mahabalesh Shetty, Smitha Rani","doi":"10.1177/19253621241296620","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621241296620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Sexual dimorphism plays a vital role in individual identification, and body dimensions can contribute to establishing a biological profile for identification purposes. <b>Aims and Objectives:</b> To determine the reliability of the Heel-Ball Index (HBI) in estimating sex from foot dimensions and footprint dimensions and also to investigate the potential of dimensions and indices, using a standardized value, in estimating sex, from foot dimensions and footprint dimensions. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> In this study, a group of 112 young Indian adults aged 18 to 22, consisting of 56 males and 56 females, was examined. The foot breadth at ball (BBAL) and foot breadth at heel (BHEL) of both feet were measured using sliding digital calipers from foot and footprint dimensions. <b>Results:</b> Significant sexual dimorphism was observed in BBAL, BHEL, and HBI (HBI = BHEL/BBAL × 100) measurements in both feet of both sexes. <b>Conclusion:</b> HBI yielded better accuracy for foot dimensions than footprint dimensions. It was also found that utilizing absolute foot dimensions (BBAL and BHEL) yielded more accurate results in estimating sex compared to the HBI, which is calculated as a ratio of absolute measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621241296620"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"COVID-Collateral" Deaths. "COVID-附带 "死亡。
Academic Forensic Pathology Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/19253621241292103
Joseph A Prahlow, Theodore Brown
{"title":"\"COVID-Collateral\" Deaths.","authors":"Joseph A Prahlow, Theodore Brown","doi":"10.1177/19253621241292103","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19253621241292103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Study Design:</b> This observational study focuses on select cases where death may have been related to COVID-related fears or the unintended consequences of protocols or public health mandates imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. <b>Objective:</b> The objective of this study is to highlight examples of \"COVID-collateral\" deaths for the expressed purpose of preventing similar deaths in the future. <b>Methods:</b> The study represents a retrospective observational study from the case work at an academically-based regional medical examiners' office. Cases were selected based on identification of deaths that may have been related to COVID-19 fears, mandates or policies. <b>Results:</b> Six cases of COVID-collateral deaths are highlighted in this report, including cases where fear or isolation related to COVID-19 infection resulted in untreated exacerbation of an underlying disease/condition with eventual death, as well as cases where COVID-related psychological/mental stress or isolation played a role in suicide. <b>Conclusions:</b> Medical examiners/coroners should be aware of these cases if future pandemics or similar events occur, so that more thorough and accurate data regarding such deaths can be gathered. Public health officials, the medical community, and the general public also need to be aware of such cases so that appropriate preventive strategies can be employed.</p>","PeriodicalId":36813,"journal":{"name":"Academic Forensic Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"19253621241292103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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