Political Economy (Topic)最新文献_第3页

Facing Protectionism Generated by Trade Disputes: China's Post-WTO Blues 面对贸易争端引发的保护主义:中国入世后的忧郁

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-11-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1082905

W. Woo, G. Xiao

{"title":"Facing Protectionism Generated by Trade Disputes: China's Post-WTO Blues","authors":"W. Woo, G. Xiao","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1082905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1082905","url":null,"abstract":"In present-day political and policy discussions in Washington, widespread concern is shared over the large and growing U.S.-China trade deficit. In the Senate, this concern was manifested in the proposed Currency Exchange Rate Oversight Reform Act of 2007, which was introduced in June 2007, and calls for designations and escalations to punish countries deemed to be guilty of exchange rate manipulation. Many other proposals to adjust, control or limit various elements of the U.S.-China trade relationship also exist, underscoring the belief that the U.S. economy suffers in some way from this trade relationship. More specifically, at the very base of these concerns lies the view that the large trade deficit has reduced U.S. welfare by increasing unemployment and reducing wages. Yet is this an accurate representation of the affect of current trade patterns with China on the U.S. economy? In order to determine the answer, in this paper we examine some of the economic issues associated with the large overall U.S. trade deficit (which, in 2006, was three and a half times larger than the bilateral U.S.-China trade deficit), and some of policy options in reducing U.S.-China economic tensions by posing and answering four critical questions.","PeriodicalId":367470,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121563251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Optimal Taxation and Political Equilibrium with Fairness Consideration 考虑公平的最优税收与政治均衡

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-10-22 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9957.2007.01045.x

Youngseo Kim

引用次数: 3

Affordable Housing Policy: Not Identifiable with Orthodox Economic Analysis 经济适用房政策:不符合正统的经济分析

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-10-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1027864

S. Turnbull

{"title":"Affordable Housing Policy: Not Identifiable with Orthodox Economic Analysis","authors":"S. Turnbull","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1027864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1027864","url":null,"abstract":"Orthodox economic analysis cannot identify how to provide affordable housing on a sustainable basis because it: (i) Considers the nature of property rights as a given rather than as a policy variable; (ii) Neglects taking into account variations in the values of assets and liabilities; (iii) Neglects or omits how government investment in urban infrastructure creates private profits for land owners; (iv) Does not identify Surplus Profits; (v) Fails to recognize how surplus profits and windfall gains can cross subsidize housing and commercial investors to democratise the wealth of cites. Duplex property rights are described that separate the value of buildings from the values created in their land by neighbouring infrastructure investment. This allows uplift in land values created by infrastructure expenditure to be used to make all neighbourhood sites self-financing to halve the cost of urban housing and eliminate the cost of land for commercial developments. The resulting increase in economic efficiency improves equity by providing eight ways to distribute wealth to citizens without government taxes or welfare. The paper recommends that approval for public infrastructure expenditure and/or development be made conditional upon adopting duplex ownership of urban realty.","PeriodicalId":367470,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117352386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Transfers in Cash and in Kind: Theory Meets the Data 现金与实物转移:理论与数据的结合

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1257/JEL.46.2.333

Janet Currie, F. Gahvari

引用次数: 435

Gordian Knots of the 21st Century 21世纪的高尔迪结

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1024826

Paweł Opala, Krzysztof Rybiński

{"title":"Gordian Knots of the 21st Century","authors":"Paweł Opala, Krzysztof Rybiński","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1024826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1024826","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we identify four Gordian Knots of the global economy in the 21st century, that is 1) limits to growth: scarce energy and natural disasters, 2) aging of the developed world and the 21st century as the age of migration, 3) the rise of China and the failure of democracy, and 4) rising significance of global financial markets and emergence of new global players. We describe what policies are adopted at international and European level to deal with these Gordian knots and assess, when it can be done, what are the strengths and flaws of these polices. Finally we suggest \"outside-the-box\" Alexandrian solutions to some of these problems. We argue that while the natural resources constitute limits to growth in the medium run, the humanity ability to develop disruptive innovations will challenge those limits in the long run. We therefore call on the Club of Rome to broaden its discussion as what appeared as the main Gordian knot of the 21st century some 30 years ago should now be seen in a broader context. Europe has immense challenges and opportunities lying ahead. It is high time that the Club of Rome warns politicians which so diligently take Europe towards the dead end called global marginalization. Lack of strategic vision, national patriotism, protectionism, inability to see developing countries as legitimate global players. All these strategic weaknesses will strike back and will lead to weak Europe, unable to play an important global role in the 21st century. It is not to late avoid this gloomy scenario.","PeriodicalId":367470,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126610294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Why is Economic Policy Different in New Democracies? Affecting Attitudes About Democracy 为什么新民主国家的经济政策不同?影响对民主的态度

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.3386/W13457

Adi Brender, Allan Drazen

引用次数: 40

The Strategic Use of Corporate Philanthropy: Building Societies and Demutualisation Defences 企业慈善事业的战略用途:建立互助会和非共同化防御

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-09-14 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8608.2007.00507.x

D. Campbell, R. Slack

引用次数: 40

Youth Exclusion in Morocco: Context, Consequences, and Policies 摩洛哥的青年排斥:背景、后果和政策

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1087430

Brahim Boudarbat, A. Ajbilou

{"title":"Youth Exclusion in Morocco: Context, Consequences, and Policies","authors":"Brahim Boudarbat, A. Ajbilou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1087430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1087430","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the age structure of the Moroccan population is characterized by the predominance of youth aged 15-24. The share of youth in the population grew from about 17 percent in 1971 to a little over 21 percent in 2004. This \"youth bulge\" is regarded as one of the main causes of unemployment because the number of jobseekers is increasing much faster than the number of jobs that the economy can create. While this argument may seem legitimate in light of the current economic context, a youth bulge should naturally be considered a \"demographic gift.\" By building the human capital of young workers and providing them with opportunities to use their skills, Morocco can increase incomes per capita, bolster savings and improve social welfare. But unfortunately, today's youth face severe economic and social exclusion hampering their transitions to adulthood. Youth exclusion is determined by many factors including illiteracy and unemployment. But moreover, exclusion is not just a condition but rather a process which marginalizes certain individuals. This process varies with context (e.g. urban versus rural) and is constantly evolving. In this paper we will outline how youth cohort and their expectations and focus on the economic dimensions of youth exclusion. In understanding the consequences of economic exclusion, however, we also extend our analysis to look at various social and political dimensions.","PeriodicalId":367470,"journal":{"name":"Political Economy (Topic)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131989773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Ethnic Diversity, Democracy, and Corruption 种族多样性、民主和腐败

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-09-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781451867824.001.A001

Etienne B. Yehoue

引用次数: 9

Social Status and Corruption 社会地位与腐败

Political Economy (Topic) Pub Date : 2007-08-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1011418

Sebastian Galiani, F. Weinschelbaum

引用次数: 3