Journal for Person-Oriented Research最新文献

{"title":"Is Autonomy Always Beneficial for Work Engagement? A Six-year Four-Wave Follow-Up Study.","authors":"Piia Seppälä,&nbsp;Anne Mäkikangas,&nbsp;Jari J Hakanen,&nbsp;Asko Tolvanen,&nbsp;Taru Feldt","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2020.22043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2020.22043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Work engagement is expected to result from job resources such as autonomy. However, previous results have yielded that the autonomy-work engagement relationship is not always particularly strong. Whereas previous longitudinal studies have examined this relationship as an average at a specific point in time, this study examined whether this relationship is different within individuals from one time to another over the years. Furthermore, experiences of work engagement are expected to affect how employees benefit from autonomy, but no studies have so far investigated whether the initial level of work engagement affects the autonomy-work engagement relationship. This study aimed to first identify the different kinds of longitudinal relationship patterns between autonomy and work engagement, and then to investigate whether the identified relationship patterns differ in terms of the initial mean level of work engagement. The four-wave study was conducted among Finnish managers (<i>n</i> = 329) over a period of six years. Multilevel regression mixture analysis identified five relationship patterns. Four of the patterns showed a positive predictive relationship between autonomy and work engagement. However, the relationship was statistically significant in only one of these patterns. Furthermore, when the initial mean level of work engagement was high, autonomy related more strongly to work engagement. However, an atypical pattern was identified that showed a negative association between autonomy and work engagement. In this pattern, the mean level of work engagement was low. Consequently, autonomy may not always enhance work engagement; sometimes this relationship may even be negative.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"16-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Warning Signals Based on Momentary Affect Dynamics can Expose Nearby Transitions in Depression: A Confirmatory Single-Subject Time-Series Study.","authors":"Marieke Wichers,&nbsp;Arnout C Smit,&nbsp;Evelien Snippe","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2020.22042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2020.22042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In complex systems early warning signals such as rising autocorrelation, variance and network connectivity are hypothesized to anticipate relevant shifts in a system. For direct evidence hereof in depression, designs are needed in which early warning signals and symptom transitions are prospectively assessed within an individual. Therefore, this study aimed to detect personalized early warning signals preceding the occurrence of a major symptom transition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six single-subject time-series studies were conducted, collecting frequent observations of momentary affective states during a time-period when participants were at increased risk of a symptom transition. Momentary affect states were reported three times a day over three to six months (95-183 days). Depressive symptoms were measured weekly using the Symptom CheckList-90. Presence of sudden symptom transitions was assessed using change point analysis. Early warning signals were analysed using moving window techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As change point analysis revealed a significant and sudden symptom transition in one participant in the studied period, early warning signals were examined in this person. Autocorrelation (<i>r</i>=0·51; <i>p</i><2.2e^-16), and variance (<i>r</i>=0·53; <i>p</i><2.2e^-16) in 'feeling down', and network connectivity (<i>r</i>=0·42; <i>p</i><2.2e^-16) significantly increased a month before this transition occurred. These early warnings also preceded the rise in absolute levels of 'feeling down' and the participant's personal indication of risk for transition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study replicated the findings of a previous study and confirmed the presence of rising early warning signals a month before the symptom transition occurred. Results show the potential of early warning signals to improve personalized risk assessment in the field of psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Bad Start: The Combined Effects of Early Onset Substance Use and ADHD and CD on Criminality Patterns, Substance Abuse and Psychiatric Comorbidity among Young Violent Offenders.","authors":"Malin Hildebrand Karlén,&nbsp;Thomas Nilsson,&nbsp;Märta Wallinius,&nbsp;Eva Billstedt,&nbsp;Björn Hofvander","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2020.22045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2020.22045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance abuse, conduct disorder (CD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are all known risk factors for developing aggressive behaviors, criminality, other psychiatric comorbidity and substance use disorders (SUD). Since early age of onset is important for aggravating the impact of several of these risk factors, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether young adult violent offenders with different patterns of early onset externalizing problems (here: substance use < age 15, ADHD, CD) had resulted in different criminality profiles, substance use problem profiles and psychiatric comorbidity in young adult age. A mixed-method approach was used, combining a variable-oriented approach (with Kruskal Wallis tests) and a person-oriented approach (with Configural frequency analysis). Overall, this combined approach indicated that persons with combined ADHD+CD and persons with CD + early onset of substance use had a more varied history of violent crimes, a more comprehensive history of aggressive behaviors in general, and more psychiatric comorbidity, as well as more varied SUD and destructive substance abuse in adult age, than persons without ADHD, CD or early SU. Results are in line with previous variable-oriented research, but also indicate that individuals in this group with heavy problem aggregation early in life have a wider spectrum of problems in young adult age. Importantly, among these young violent offenders, problem aggregation was the overwhelming norm, and not the exception, as in studies of the general population. This emphasizes the need for early coordinated interventions, but also that treatment within correctional facilities in adult age needs to be comprehensive and take individual patterns of comorbidity into account.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"39-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Doing\" mindsets in the classroom: A coding scheme for teacher and student mindset-related verbalizations.","authors":"Naomi M P de Ruiter,&nbsp;Katja N van der Klooster,&nbsp;Sander Thomaes","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2020.22404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2020.22404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a growing body of research showing the crucial role that students' <i>growth</i> versus <i>fixed ability-mindsets</i> have in their school achievement, enjoyment, and resilience. The overwhelming majority of this research adopts a variable-oriented approach. As a result, little is known about how teachers and students coregulate each other's mindsets within classroom interactions. This manuscript addresses the need for more person-oriented research that examines how teachers and students <i>do</i> mindsets in naturalistic settings, i.e., their mindsetrelated verbalizations. In this manuscript, we provide a coding scheme to study the moment-to-moment dynamics of mindset-related verbalizations of both teachers and students within Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) contexts: The STEAM (Student-TEAcherMindset) coding scheme. We demonstrate the utility of the coding system through content and ecological validity, inter-rater reliability, and a case study of STEAM-generated time-series data. We show how these data can be used to chart moment-to-moment dynamics that occur between teacher and student. The coding scheme provides teachers and researchers with a practical tool for analyzing how person-specific mindset-related language can wax and wane in the context of peer and teacher interactions within STEM lessons.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"6 2","pages":"103-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7871171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10639748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for the Feasibility of Person-Specific Ecological Momentary Assessment Across Diverse Populations and Study Designs.","authors":"Peter D Soyster,&nbsp;Hannah G Bosley,&nbsp;Jonathan W Reeves,&nbsp;Allison D Altman,&nbsp;Aaron J Fisher","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2019.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2019.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical psychological science has seen an exciting shift toward the use of person-specific (idiographic) approaches to studying psychopathology and change in treatment at the level of the individual. One commonly used method in idiographic research is ecological momentary assessment (EMA). EMA offers a way to sample individuals intensively - often multiple times per day - as they go about their lives. While these methods offer benefits such as greater ecological validity and streamlined data collection, many share concerns about their feasibility across diverse clinical populations. To investigate the feasibility of using EMA to study psychological processes idiographically both in- and out of the context of therapy, the present study aggregated participants across seven studies spanning diverse clinical and community populations (<i>N</i> = 496), all of which utilized an idiographic EMA approach to study symptoms of psychopathology (e.g., PTSD, mood and anxiety, substance abuse). In a series of linear regression models, participant and study design characteristics were used to predict compliance with EMA surveys. Across study designs, we found that (1) participants were willing to report on symptoms and mechanisms relating to a wide range of psychopathological domains; (2) on average, participants completed 82.21% (<i>SD</i> = 16.34%) of all EMA surveys; and (3) compliance with EMA surveys was not significantly related to participant demographics, psychological diagnosis, personality characteristics, or most study characteristics (e.g., number of surveys per day). These findings suggest feasibility of idiographic EMA for collecting the data needed to understand psychopathology and change in treatment at the level of the individual.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"53-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Chaos.","authors":"Guido Strunk, Anna Lichtwarck-Aschoff","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2019.08","DOIUrl":"10.17505/jpor.2019.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The conventional view on interventions as mechanistically causing interchangeable clients to get better has come under attack. Group-based and linear approaches fall short in adequately describing the idiosyncratic and dynamic nature of treatment processes. Non-linear dynamic system theories in contrast hold great potential to better conceptualize and understand the generalities and idiosyncrasies of psychotherapeutic change processes. The aim of this study was to examine whether we can detect markers of complex dynamical systems behavior in two single-case therapies. All sessions from both therapies were coded with sequential plan analysis using a 10s sampling frequency. The coding system incorporates verbal and non-verbal behaviors and allows for the representation of contextualized interactive behaviors. The high sampling frequency results in long time series, which allowed us to apply non-linear analysis techniques. We found strong support for complex behavior and the existence of a butterfly effect, i.e., a relatively short prediction horizon in which reliable predictions about the system's future behavior could be made. Further, critical fluctuations as a marker for phase-transitions were detected that were accompanied with different interactional patterns in both therapies. Finally, there was strong support for self-organized pattern formation, with a few interactional patterns dominating the interaction. Considering that we are intervening on complex dynamical systems means that we have to (1) acknowledge the principal individuality of change processes, (2) accept the fundamental limitations of the mechanistic input-output model of treatment effects and (3) appreciate the impossibility of long-term predictions of treatment responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"81-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a Person-Oriented Approach to Psychotherapy Research.","authors":"Lars-Gunnar Lundh, Fredrik Falkenström","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2019.07","DOIUrl":"10.17505/jpor.2019.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Common conclusions from traditional psychotherapy research are that we still do not know how or why even our most well-studied interventions produce change, and that there is little evidence that any form of psychotherapy is generally more effective than any other. This has led some researchers to the so-called Dodo Bird Verdict, that all forms of psychotherapy are equally effective, and to the conclusion that what is at work are \"common factors\" that have little to do with treatment method. An alternative explanation, however, is that the traditional research paradigm is insufficiently sensitive to provide us with the required kind of knowledge. First, the outcome in typical RCTs is averaged across individuals, and at best complemented by a search for predictors in the form of stable individual differences. This means that this research stays at a group level of analysis and is insensitive to variation and change in individual patients. Second, the independent variable in RCTs does not consist in any well-controlled psychological intervention, but in large-scale treatment packages that contain a large number of interventions over a considerable time period. In other words, this research is insensitive to the effects of specific treatment interventions. Third, traditional psychotherapy research is insensitive to the therapist and patient as individual persons, and their specific interaction. It is argued that a person-oriented approach to psychotherapy, which is idiographic, holistic and interactional, may be able to overcome some of these problems by being more sensitive to (1) the treatment course of individual patients, and patterns during that course; (2) the effects of the specific interventions that are implemented over time, and (3) the personal characteristics of patient and therapist, and nuances of their interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"65-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining Therapeutic Outcomes of Depression Treatment.","authors":"Christien Slofstra,&nbsp;Sanne H Booij,&nbsp;H J Rogier Hoenders,&nbsp;Stynke Castelein","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2019.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2019.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Responses to evidence-based interventions for depression are divergent: Some patients benefit more than others during treatment and some do not benefit at all or even deteriorate. Tailoring interventions to the individual may improve outcomes. However, such personalization of evidence-based treatment in depression requires investigation of individual outcomes and the individual trajectories towards these outcomes. This theoretical paper provides a critical reflection on individual outcomes of depression treatment. First, it is argued that outcomes should be broadened, from a focus on mainly depressive symptomatology to recovery in different domains. It is acknowledged that recovery from depression reflects a personal journey that differs from person to person. Second, outcome measures should be lengthened beyond the acute treatment phase, taking a lifetime perspective on depression. The challenge then is to discover which trajectories of what measures during what interventions result in personalized sustainable recovery and for whom. Routine outcome monitoring systems may be used to inform this quest towards assessment of personalized sustainable therapeutic outcomes. Adaptations to broaden and lengthen measurements in routine outcome monitoring systems are proposed to identify predictors of personalized sustainable recovery. Routine outcome monitoring systems may eventually be used to implement personalized treatments for depression that result in personalized sustainable recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Processes in Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT) Related to Chronic Pain Outcomes Within Individuals Over Time? An Exploratory Study Using <i>n</i>-of-1 Designs.","authors":"Hester R Trompetter,&nbsp;Derek W Johnston,&nbsp;Marie Johnston,&nbsp;Miriam M Vollenbroek-Hutten,&nbsp;Karlein M G Schreurs","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2019.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2019.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acceptance & Commitment Therapy (ACT) explicitly postulates experiential avoidance (EA) and values-based living (VBL) as essential treatment processes. As outcomes from between-subject studies cannot readily be generalized to within-subject processes in individuals, we explored the unfolding of, and relationship between, EA and VBL and levels of pain interference in daily life and emotional well-being within individuals experiencing chronic pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using <i>n-</i>of-1 designs, three participants following a multidisciplinary treatment program filled out a 12-item daily questionnaire (87-110 days). After multiple imputation of missing data, McKnight Time-series analysis procedures were performed for each participant separately. The interrelationships of EA, VBL and pain intensity, and the relationship of EA and VBL beyond pain intensity with both chronic pain outcomes were assessed both concurrently (same day) and prospectively (consecutive days).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both EA and VBL were associated with at least one of five outcome variables (four domains of pain interference and emotional well-being) beyond pain intensity in two participants, but not in the third participant. These associations primarily existed for concurrent, but not consecutive, days. In contrast to VBL, EA was not associated with emotional well-being for any of the three participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the finding that ACT-processes were associated with pain outcomes on concurrent days is consistent with ACT theory, the absence of such associations on consecutive days means that alternative explanations cannot be rule out. One possibility is that pain interference fluctuates within days at a higher variability rate than was currently assessed. Future research should consider using a higher measurement frequency to be able to grasp time-lagged effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"123-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affect Dynamics as Predictors of Symptom Severity and Treatment Response in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Evidence for Specificity.","authors":"Hannah G Bosley,&nbsp;Peter D Soyster,&nbsp;Aaron J Fisher","doi":"10.17505/jpor.2019.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2019.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies of affect dynamics in psychopathology often focus on the prediction of broad constructs like subjective well-being and psychological health. Less is known about how fluctuation in affect over time relates to specific symptom measures (e.g., anxiety or depression), or how these domains change in treatment. A clinical sample of 32 adults with mood and anxiety disorders (13 generalized anxiety, 5 major depression, 14 comorbid) completed four daily assessments of positive (PA) and negative affect (NA) for 30 days prior to receiving cognitive behavioral treatment. Anxiety and depression symptom severity were assessed pre- and post-treatment. We calculated three metrics of affect dynamics for each person's PA and NA time series: (1) <i>variability</i> (experiencing emotional extremes, the standard deviation of a person's PA or NA vector); (2) <i>instability</i> (magnitude of point-to-point change in emotion, the vector's mean squared successive difference); and (3) <i>inertia</i> (the extent to which emotions self-perpetuate over time, the lag-1 autocorrelation of the vector). Multiple regression models were run to test dynamics of positive and negative affect as between-subjects predictors of symptom severity and pre-to-posttreatment change in symptoms. Findings suggest NA dynamics are unrelated to depression symptom severity or treatment response, but we observed a specific effect of NA instability (MSSD) on both severity and response of anxiety symptoms. All PA dynamics were unrelated to anxiety or depression symptom severity. However, variability, instability, and inertia of PA were all found to relate to treatment response for both anxiety and depression symptoms. Taken together, our results suggest that affect dynamics have some specificity in their relationship to clinically relevant phenomena such as symptom severity and treatment outcomes at the between-subjects level of analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":36744,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Person-Oriented Research","volume":"5 2","pages":"101-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7842610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25355462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}