IET Smart Grid最新文献_第5页

Virtual-physical power flow method for cyber-physical power system contingency and vulnerability assessment 用于网络物理电力系统突发事件和脆弱性评估的虚拟物理电力流方法

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12143

Dongmeng Qiu, Rui Zhang, Zhuoran Zhou, Jinning Zhang, Xin Zhang

{"title":"Virtual-physical power flow method for cyber-physical power system contingency and vulnerability assessment","authors":"Dongmeng Qiu, Rui Zhang, Zhuoran Zhou, Jinning Zhang, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12143","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12143","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional power systems have evolved into cyber-physical power systems (CPPS) with the integration of information and communication technologies. CPPS can be considered as a typical hierarchical control system that can be divided into two parts: the power grid and the communication network. CPPS will face new vulnerabilities which can have network contingencies and cascading consequences. To address this challenge, a virtual-physical power flow (VPPF) method is proposed for the vulnerability assessment of CPPS. The proposed method contains dual power flows, one is to simulate a virtual power flow from decision-making units, and the other is to simulate a physical power flow. In addition, a novel hierarchical control model is proposed that includes four layers of CPPS: the physical layer, the secondary device layer, the regional control layer, and the national control layer. The model is based on IEEE test cases using data and structures provided by MATPOWER. Denial-of-service (DoS) and false data injection (FDI) are simulated as two major cyber-attacks in CPPS. A novel vulnerability index is proposed that consists of system voltage, network latency, and node betweenness as three key indicators. This is a comprehensive and adaptive index because it encompasses both cyber and physical system characteristics and can be applied to several types of cyber-attacks. The results of the vulnerability assessment are compared in national and regional control structures of CPPS to evaluate the vulnerability of cyber-physical nodes.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139224137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal false data injection attack and detection on cyber-physical power system based on deep reinforcement learning 基于深度强化学习的网络物理电力系统时态错误数据注入攻击与检测

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12141

Wei Fu, Yunqi Yan, Ying Chen, Zhisheng Wang, Danlong Zhu, Longxing Jin

{"title":"Temporal false data injection attack and detection on cyber-physical power system based on deep reinforcement learning","authors":"Wei Fu, Yunqi Yan, Ying Chen, Zhisheng Wang, Danlong Zhu, Longxing Jin","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12141","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12141","url":null,"abstract":"False data injection (FDI) attacks are serious threats to a cyber-physical power system (CPPS), which may be launched by a malicious software or virus accessing only the measurements from one substation. This study proposes a novel attack method named the temporal FDI (TFDI) attack. Namely, the virus makes decisions based on temporal observations of the CPPS, and the attack is driven by a deep Q network (DQN) algorithm. As DQN takes vectors of continuous variables as input states, the proposed method is free of the state space explosion problem, which helps the virus to learn the optimal attack strategy efficiently. Moreover, for adopting time-series measurements as quasi-dynamic observations, long short-term memory cells are employed as a layer of the Q network. The TFDI attack enables the virus to discern trends of load variations and enhance the attack’s effectiveness. Meanwhile, a countermeasure is also presented to detect the proposed FDI attack. Binary classifiers are trained for each bus to detect suspicious local measurements according to their deviations from system-state manifolds. When suspicious measurements are spotted frequently, the corresponding bus is believed to be under FDI attacks. Test cases validate the efficacy of the proposed FDI attack method as well as its countermeasure.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134953806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frequency control by BESS for smooth Island transition of a hydro-powered microgrid 利用 BESS 进行频率控制，实现水力发电微电网的平稳岛过渡

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12140

Ahmed Sunjaq, Peiyuan Chen, Massimo Bongiorno, Ritwik Majumder, Jan R. Svensson

引用次数: 0

Optimal planning of mobile energy storage in active distribution network 主动配电网中移动储能的优化规划

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-11-05 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12139

Shiwei Xia, Zizheng Wang, Xiang Gao, Wenpei Li

{"title":"Optimal planning of mobile energy storage in active distribution network","authors":"Shiwei Xia, Zizheng Wang, Xiang Gao, Wenpei Li","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12139","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12139","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile energy storage (MES) has the flexibility to temporally and spatially shift energy, and the optimal configuration of MES shall significantly improve the active distribution network (ADN) operation economy and renewables consumption. In this study, an optimal planning model of MES is established for ADN with a goal of minimising the annual cost of a distribution system. Firstly, the annual cost of a distribution system is set up with consideration of the investment cost and operation cost of MES, wind and PV curtailment cost, network loss cost and the peak-valley arbitrage income of MES. Then, the distributed photovoltaic and wind power access constraints, power conservation constraints of ADN, power generation constraint, system security constraint, energy coupling and displacement constraints of MES are further tailored to establish the MES planning model. Afterwards, the proposed model is solved by the second-order cone relaxation combined with the large M algorithm. Finally, the simulation results of the modified IEEE 33-bus distribution network validate the effectiveness of the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135726656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal output-constrained control of medium-voltage DC shipboard power systems for pulsed power load accommodation 中压直流船载电力系统脉冲功率负载优化控制

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12138

Zhenghong Tu, Jiangkai Peng, Bo Fan, Liming Liu, Wenxin Liu

{"title":"Optimal output-constrained control of medium-voltage DC shipboard power systems for pulsed power load accommodation","authors":"Zhenghong Tu, Jiangkai Peng, Bo Fan, Liming Liu, Wenxin Liu","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12138","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12138","url":null,"abstract":"For pulsed power load (PPL) accommodation in a medium-voltage DC (MVDC) shipboard power system (SPS), the charging control of energy storage systems (ESSs) and the generation control of distributed generators (DGs) need to be properly coordinated. Targeting the important but not well-studied problem, an optimal output-constrained control algorithm for the offline PPL accommodation strategy is presented. Three control objectives including realising the generation and charging control references, maintaining the DC bus and supercapacitor voltages within the safe operating ranges, and minimising the total generation cost of DGs, are fulfilled concurrently. First, an SPS model with multiple DGs, a supercapacitor ESS, and regular loads is developed. By restricting the DC bus and supercapacitor voltages within pre-defined constraints, both the transient- and steady-state performances of the SPS are guaranteed. Furthermore, by incorporating the cost minimisation objective into designed virtual control signals, the third control objective on energy efficiency is realised. The stability of the presented algorithm is rigorously proven based on the Lyapunov method. Finally, detailed case studies are conducted to validate the performance of the designed algorithm.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136069706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secondary control with reduced communication requirements for accurate reactive power sharing in AC microgrids 减少通信要求的二次控制，实现交流微电网中精确的无功功率共享

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12127

Mehdi Baharizadeh, Mohammad Sadegh Golsorkhi, Mehdi Savaghebi

{"title":"Secondary control with reduced communication requirements for accurate reactive power sharing in AC microgrids","authors":"Mehdi Baharizadeh, Mohammad Sadegh Golsorkhi, Mehdi Savaghebi","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12127","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12127","url":null,"abstract":"A secondary control method is proposed for accurate reactive power sharing as well as frequency and voltage restoration in islanded AC microgrids (MGs). The proposed method consists of an MG secondary controller, local secondary controllers for distributed energy resources (DERs), and a low-bandwidth communication link for broadcasting common data from the MG secondary controller to DERs. The broadcasted data includes the MG point of common coupling voltage magnitude and a common vertical shift for frequency and voltage restoration. Local secondary controllers calculate specific shifts for the Q-V droop characteristic of each dispatchable DER and the V-Q reverse droop characteristic of each photovoltaic (PV) system, aligning their operating points with the Q-VPCC and VPCC-Q droop characteristics, respectively. By employing VPCC as a common global variable, coordination of reactive power generation of all dispatchable DERs and PV systems is achieved, enabling accurate reactive power sharing. Importantly, in the proposed scheme, the required communication bandwidth and the communication burden are minor and are not increased with the number of DERs. Additionally, the DERs are relieved of the need for data transmission capability. The small signal stability of the proposed method is examined and its effectiveness is validated through Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) experimental results.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135168265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Privacy-preserving peak time forecasting with Learning to Rank XGBoost and extensive feature engineering 利用 "学习排名 XGBoost "和广泛的特征工程进行保护隐私的高峰时间预测

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12137

Leo Semmelmann, Oliver Resch, Sarah Henni, Christof Weinhardt

{"title":"Privacy-preserving peak time forecasting with Learning to Rank XGBoost and extensive feature engineering","authors":"Leo Semmelmann, Oliver Resch, Sarah Henni, Christof Weinhardt","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12137","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12137","url":null,"abstract":"In modern power systems, predicting the time when peak loads will occur is crucial for improving efficiency and minimising the possibility of network sections becoming overloaded. However, most works in the load forecasting field are not focusing on a dedicated peak time forecast and are not dealing with load data privacy. At the same time, developing methods for forecasting peak electricity usage that protect customers' data privacy is essential since it could encourage customers to share their energy usage data, leading to more data points for the effective management and planning of power grids. Hence, the authors employ a dedicated Learning to Rank XGBoost algorithm to forecast peak times with only ranks of loads instead of absolute load magnitudes as input data, thereby offering potential privacy-preserving properties. We show that the presented Learning to Rank XGBoost model yields comparable results to a benchmark XGBoost load forecasting model. Additionally, we describe our extensive feature engineering process and a state-of-the-art Bayesian hyperparameter optimisation for selecting model parameters, which leads to a significant improvement of forecasting accuracy. Our method was used in the context of the final round of the international BigDEAL load forecasting challenge 2022, where we consistently achieved high-ranking results in the peak time track and an overall fourth rank in the peak load forecasting track with our general XGBoost model.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Control coordination in inverter-based microgrids using AoI-based 5G schedulers 使用基于 AoI 的 5G 调度器协调基于逆变器的微电网中的控制

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12136

Biplav Choudhury, Ardavan Mohammadhassani, Brady Alexander, Rahul Iyer, Ali Mehrizi-Sani, Jeffrey H. Reed, Vijay K. Shah

{"title":"Control coordination in inverter-based microgrids using AoI-based 5G schedulers","authors":"Biplav Choudhury, Ardavan Mohammadhassani, Brady Alexander, Rahul Iyer, Ali Mehrizi-Sani, Jeffrey H. Reed, Vijay K. Shah","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12136","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12136","url":null,"abstract":"A coordinated set point automatic adjustment with correction enabled (C-SPAACE) framework that uses 5G communication for real-time control coordination between inverter-based resources (IBR) in microgrids is proposed. Utilising slicing capability, 5G offers low-latency communication to C-SPAACE under normal conditions. However, given the multitude of power grid use cases, a certain 5G slice for C-SPAACE may have access only to limited radio spectrum resources, which if not managed well, greatly undermines the communication needs of C-SPAACE framework. Thus, optimally scheduling the available spectrum resources among IBRs in a sliced 5G network-based C-SPAACE framework becomes a critical problem. To address this issue, the authors utilise a novel age of information (AoI) metric and designs an AoI-based 5G scheduler to provide low-latency communication to C-SPAACE. Following this, a co-simulation environment is designed using PSCAD/EMTDC and Python to simulate a microgrid supported by 5G communication. Time-domain simulation case studies are performed using the proposed co-simulation environment to evaluate the performance of C-SPAACE using 5G with both AoI-based and other baseline (non-AoI) schedulers.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135918010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distributed feedback optimisation based optimal power flow control in fully inverter based islanded AC microgrids 基于分布式反馈优化的全逆变器孤岛式交流微电网优化功率流控制

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12132

Y. Cheng, Tao Liu, David John Hill

{"title":"Distributed feedback optimisation based optimal power flow control in fully inverter based islanded AC microgrids","authors":"Y. Cheng, Tao Liu, David John Hill","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12132","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12132","url":null,"abstract":"A novel distributed feedback optimisation (FO) based control method is proposed to control grid-forming inverters (GFMIs) in fully inverter-based islanded AC microgrids (MGs). The proposed controller has two control layers. The upper layer uses FO to calculate the frequency and voltage setpoints of GFMIs, whereas the lower layer makes GFMIs track these setpoints. The proposed control method takes advantage of the flexibility of voltage control to regulate the system frequency, maintain both active power and reactive power sharing accuracies, keep bus voltage within allowable range and meanwhile preserves the optimality of the closed-loop system in term of optimal power flow. The gradient descent method is used to solve the proposed FO problem based on the real-time measurements in the MGs, which is implemented in a distributed way, and thus eliminates the need for a central controller. Case studies show the effectiveness of the proposed method.The cover image is based on the Research Article Distributed feedback optimisation based optimal power flow control in fully inverter based islanded AC microgrids by Y. Cheng et al., https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.12132.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecc-RCNN: An efficient and high-accuracy object detection framework for transmission line defect identification Ecc-RCNN：用于输电线路缺陷识别的高效、高精度目标检测框架

IF 2.3

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.12135

Yaocheng Li, Yongpeng Xu, Weihao Sun, Qinglin Qian, Zhe Li, Xiuchen Jiang

{"title":"Ecc-RCNN: An efficient and high-accuracy object detection framework for transmission line defect identification","authors":"Yaocheng Li, Yongpeng Xu, Weihao Sun, Qinglin Qian, Zhe Li, Xiuchen Jiang","doi":"10.1049/stg2.12135","DOIUrl":"10.1049/stg2.12135","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the accuracy of image-based transmission line defect detection, while reducing the computational complexity and the high demand on chip performance, an object detection framework is proposed, which aims to improve model performance without increasing the scale of the model and the amount of calculation. An efficient feature fusion module to combine different-level semantic features in non-linear transformations is introduced. It includes channel-level hierarchy features, linear projection and residual mappings to gather task-oriented features across different spatial locations and scales. Then a context information modelling module is proposed to extract features around the target objects, which further increases the detection accuracy. Finally, an Intersection-over-Union-based training examples sampling strategy is adopted to alleviate the class imbalance problem. Experiments on dataset show that the proposed method, with a similar number of model parameters, has an accuracy improved by 8.1% compared to the baseline, and outperforms all the competitors in the area of transmission line defect detection.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.12135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135251328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0