Reports of Morphology最新文献

{"title":"Peculiarities of correlations of upper respiratory tract cephalometric parameters in Ukrainian young men and young women regardless of face type","authors":"O. S. Kostiuchenko-Faifor, I. Gunas, A. Glushak, L. Babych, R. V. Skoruk","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-03","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the parameters of the upper respiratory tract has become one of the leading directions of medical research, due to the connection of this structure with the occurrence and course of many diseases of both childhood and adulthood. The study of normative indicators of this structure and its relationship with craniometric indicators should be the first step before further research of samples with pathologies. The purpose of the study is to establish correlations of cephalometric parameters of the upper respiratory tract in Ukrainian young men and young women with an orthognathic bite, regardless of the type of face. Primary lateral radiographs of 49 Ukrainian young men (aged 17 to 21 years) and 76 Ukrainian young women (aged 16 to 20 years) with an orthognathic bite and the absence of upper respiratory tract pathology taken from the database of the research center and the Department of Pediatric Dentistry age of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, with the help of the licensed medical software OnyxCeph3™, version 3DPro (Image Instruments GmbH, Germany) and the diagnostic program “UniqCeph”, a cephalometric analysis of the upper respiratory tract was performed. In the “Statistica 6.0” license package, correlations between cephalometric indicators of the upper respiratory tract were assessed using non-parametric Spearman statistics. In Ukrainian young men, multiple, mostly direct, medium-strength (r= from 0.32 to 0.48) and strong (r= from 0.65 to 0.83) correlations were established between most of the characteristics of the upper respiratory tract or tongue; in young women, there are also predominantly direct, medium-strength (r= from 0.33 to 0.57) and strong (r= from 0.62 to 0.85) correlations between most of the characteristics of the upper respiratory tract or tongue, as well as medium-strength inverse (r= -0.30 and -0.40) and direct (r= 0.45 and 0.85) correlations between most characteristics of the soft palate. In addition, in Ukrainian young men, multiple inverse correlations of mainly medium strength (r= from -0.33 to -0.49) were established between the value of the PASmin distance and the UAA section with the value of the SPT distance and the SPA section, and between the value of the NL/PM-U angle and most of the characteristics the tongue, as well as multiple direct, mostly medium strength (r= from 0.30 to 0.55), connections between the characteristics of the upper respiratory tract itself and the hyoid bone or tongue and between the characteristics of the hyoid bone and the tongue; in young women, there are mainly straight lines of medium strength (r= from 0.33 to 0.55) between the value of the AH-CV distance and most of the characteristics of the upper respiratory tract itself, between the value of the AH-FH distance and all characteristics of the tongue, and between the value of the PM-U distance and by the distance VT and the section TA. Thus, the most pronounced manifestations of sexual dimorphism of conn","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128157557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological changes in the liver of rats after administration of chlorpromazine, depending on the dose and duration of administration","authors":"O. V. Bailo, N. A. Rykalo","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-10","url":null,"abstract":"Chlorpromazine (CPZ) remains a widely used drug in psychiatric practice today. The drug has a hepatotoxic effect, but the possible mechanisms of this side effect have not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of the study was to determine morphological changes in rat liver tissue under chronic toxic effects of chlorpromazine, depending on the dose and duration of its administration. The study was conducted on 60 sexually mature male rats. CPP was administered intragastrically at different doses (3.5, 7.0, 14.0 and 21.0 mg/kg) for 30 and 60 days. The material was fixed in a 10 % solution of neutral formalin (pH 7.2-7.4) for 24-48 hours, then passed through alcohols of increasing concentration and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections (6-7 µm thick) were prepared from the paraffin blocks and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and picrofuchsin by Van Gieson to determine the degree of fibrotic changes in liver tissue, as well as with Giemsa III to detect fatty degeneration of hepatocytes. The microscopic structure of the hepatic parenchyma was studied using an OLIMPUS BX41 light microscope at 100, 200 and 400x magnification. Morphometric parameters of structural changes were determined using an ocular grid and Image Tulsa 3.6 software. The data were statistically processed by descriptive statistics using the Microsoft Office Excel 2010 spreadsheet processor. When CPZ was administered in different doses and duration, pathological changes of varying severity developed in the liver tissue of rats. In the liver tissue, signs of intracellular and intra-tubular cholestasis are found mainly in the central lobes, accompanied by focal desquamation and proliferation of the biliary epithelium, formation of small-focal, less frequently zonal necrosis of hepatocytes, inflammatory infiltration of portal tracts with its spread to the interlobular stroma and parenchyma. Mitotically active binucleated hepatocytes are the key to the reparative process. Periductal fibrosis develops in the portal sections, marginal proliferation of the bile ducts, hepatocytes with signs of granular and/or fatty dystrophy are noted. In the central veins and vessels of the portal areas, moderate initial sclerotic changes were found, signs of their capillarisation in sinusoids, and the endothelium of the vessels had focal destructive changes. In all portal zones, proliferation of bile ducts and formation of bile pseudo-ducts were observed. Thus, the analysis of the morphometric study data showed that within 60 days of CPZ administration there is a significant increase in the relative volume of connective tissue and stromal-parenchymal index due to a significant decrease in the volume of hepatocytes.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115744874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of Valsalva sinuses and coronary artery ostia height parameters, depending on age-anthropometric indicators in healthy men based on computed tomography","authors":"U. Pidvalna","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-02","url":null,"abstract":"Computed tomography is the “gold standard” for performing aortic morphometry during preoperative planning in invasive cardiology and cardiac surgery. Predictive modeling of indicators can significantly save resources. The purpose of the study: to make modelling of Valsalva sinuses and coronary artery ostia height parameters depending on age-anthropometric indicators in healthy men based on computed tomography. The material is represented by contrast-enhanced computed tomography images of the aorta and coronary arteries of forty-three men under normal conditions. Methods: morphometric and statistical analyses. A multifactorial correlation-regression analysis was conducted to establish the complex influence of age-anthropometric parameters on sinuses of Valsalva and coronary artery ostia height. The reliability of the obtained indicators was confirmed by Fisher’s test (F). Using the Durbin-Watson autocorrelation criterion, the correctness of the built model was proved. In healthy men, weight (direct effect) and body mass index (inverse effect) significantly influenced the height of the lower edge of the right coronary artery ostia. The regression coefficient is R = +0.632, with p<0.001, the standard error of estimation (SEE) is 2.951. The obtained linear equation of the prognostic model: the level of the height of the departure of the lower edge of the right coronary artery ostia = 0.359×А1 – 1.099×А2 + 16.53. The correctness of the built model was checked using the Durbin–Watson autocorrelation test (2.181). The prognostic model for calculating the height of the left aortic sinus was formed by height and weight indicators (strong direct influence): R = +0.759, p<0.001, SEE = 2.208. The adjusted coefficient of multiple determination was R2adj = +0.562. The Durbin-Watson autocorrelation criterion was within the normal range (2.241). The linear equation of the prognostic model with the obtained β-coefficients: the level of the height of the left sinus of the aorta = 35.83 × А1 + 0.033 × А2 – 42.22. The work of prognostic models for individuals with different anthropometric and age parameters was verified. Thus, a model of the dependence of the indicator of the height of the left sinus of the aorta on height and weight was created; of the height of the deviation of the lower edge of the right coronary artery from weight and body mass index in healthy men based on computed tomography.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126417304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic and histochemical changes in the liver of adult rats with hyperhomocysteinemia","authors":"O. Maievskyi, Y. Halahan","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-01","url":null,"abstract":"Violation of amino acids metabolism in the human body is the cause of changes in the structure and functions of almost all vital organs and systems. During the last tens of years, significant efforts of scientists have been directed to the in-depth study of such compound as homocysteine (Hcys), which is a thiol-containing amino acid and is produced endogenously during the exchange of methionine and cysteine. Under the conditions of its normal concentration (5-15 μmol/l), it does not pose a threat to the life and health of living organisms. However, in a number of pathological conditions, a pronounced increase of Hcys in blood plasma and inside cells is registered, which leads to the appearance or progression of diseases, including damage of liver tissue. The aim of the research is to study the microscopic and histochemical changes in the liver of adult rats with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcys). The experiment was conducted on 22 white non-linear adult male rats aged 6-8 months. During the study, the animals were divided into two groups – control and experimental. Chronic resistance to HHcys was modeled by administering thiolactone Hcys in a dose of 200 mg/kg of body weight intragastrically for 60 days to the rats of the experimental group. Histological preparations were studied using a SEO SСAN light microscope and photo-documented using a Vision CCD Camera with a system of image output from histological preparations. Succinate dehydrogenase was detected histochemically according to the Nakhlas method. These studies were carried out on sections made in a cryostat microtome from unfixed tissue using nitro blue tetrazole. To study the specifics of glycogen accumulation in hepatocytes, sections were stained using Schiff’s reagent, after preliminary treatment with iodic acid (PAS reaction) in the Shabadash modification. It was established that the administration of thiolactone Hcys to young rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg led to an increase in the volume of connective tissue elements around the lobules and in the portal tracts of the liver. Thus, it was established that in the liver of adult rats with HHcys, there is a noticeable thickening of the fibrous connective tissue around the lobules and in the portal tracts, trabeculae dissociation, and the appearance of foci of necrosis of the parenchyma of the organ. Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of smooth myocytes in the middle layer and fibrosis of the outer layer of the wall of interlobular arteries, leukocyte infiltration in the portal tracts are observed. A significant decrease in succinate dehydrogenase activity was established histochemically.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114641903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric assessment of the effects of monosodium glutamate on the carotid sinus wall: an experimental study","authors":"O. Sodomora","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-06","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in global burden of stroke is hard to overestimate. Every year it continues to be a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Extracranial pathology of the carotid arteries is a major underlying reason of stroke. Given the role of alimentary factors in the development of atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries, possible influence of food additives on the carotid sinus structure is of special interest. Monosodium glutamate is one of the most common food additives that is allowed for consumption in many countries due to it being considered relatively safe. Recent scientific research however points towards the possible adverse effects of monosodium glutamate on the living organism. The aim of this study was to analyze qualitative and quantitative parameters of carotid sinus structural organization of white male albino rats under normal conditions, in the setting of oral monosodium glutamate consumption and after its withdrawal. Carotid sinuses of 30 white male albino rats that had been daily consuming 10 mg/kg of monosodium glutamate for 4 or 8 weeks with subsequent withdrawal for 2 weeks were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis at different time-points of the experiment. The data obtained was compared with the results of morphologic and morphometric study of carotid sinuses of 9 rats of the control group. For morphometric analysis, the following parameters were considered: intima thickness, media thickness, adventitia thickness, diameters of the arterioles, venules and capillaries of the carotid sinus vasa vasorum. Summarizing the morphometric analysis results, it is worth noting that, for the duration of 8 weeks of the experiment, steady increase in the thickness of all layers of the vascular wall, but especially intima and adventitia, was observed in the study group. At the same time, the diameter of the arterioles located in the carotid sinus adventitia was decreasing, while venules and capillaries demonstrated invariable increase of their lumen diameter. After 2 weeks of monosodium glutamate withdrawal, the thickness of intima and adventitia continued to increase, while media thickness had somewhat decreased, probably due to fibrosis and dystrophy. The tendency towards narrowing of the arterioles’ lumen and widening of the venules and capillaries persisted for at least 2 weeks despite discontinuation of monosodium glutamate. Therefore, systematic consumption of monosodium glutamate may lead to impairment of carotid sinus structural organization, particularly endothelial proliferation, fibrotic and dystrophic changes of media, adventitia thickening as well as microcirculatory vessels damage, that continue to persist despite the food additive withdrawal.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134178190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric analysis of lungs parameters under conditions of simulated burn injury","authors":"P. Lykhatskyi, N. Ohinska, I. B. Getmanyuk, Z. Nebesna, S. V. Trach Rosolovska","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-05","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal burns are one of the most traumatic and physically exhausting injuries. Among the many factors that are decisive for a burn injury, the relationship between the temperature of the damaging agent and the duration of exposure is important. The term of exposure and high temperature determine the depth of the lesion. During burns, hypoxic, hemodynamic and metabolic disorders occur, which lead to changes in the structures and functions of internal organs. There are various ways of developing the respiratory system disorders after a burn injury to the skin: direct thermal damage to the respiratory tract, damage to the lungs by toxins of endogenous origin. After thermal exposure, there is a reorganization of the airiness of the lung tissue, its increase and combination with the phenomena of bronchospasm. A complex of morphological changes develops in the lungs, which includes degenerative changes in the walls of blood vessels and their permeability, a violation of the typical structure of the alveoli, the appearance of foci of distelectases and atelectasis, signs of inflammatory reactions, as well as the detection of areas of clusters of alveolar macrophages in places of hemorrhages. The aim of our study was to establish changes in the morphometric parameters of the lungs during experimental thermal injury to the skin. The results of the morphometric analysis showed that in the early stages (1st, 7th days) after experimental thermal injury to the skin, there is a reorganization of the structural components of the lungs with signs of an adaptive and compensatory nature, as well as destructive changes. It was established that the average values of the area of bronchi, lymphoid tissue statistically significantly increased from the indicators of the intact group animals, while the percentage of unchanged lung tissue significantly decreased in the respiratory portion. It was found that in the late stages of the experiment (14th, 21st days), inflammatory and sclerotic changes in the components of the respiratory portion occurred, which were manifested by a significant increase in the average values of dys- and atelectasis and the relative areas of emphysematously changed lung tissue relative to the indicators of the intact group. The values of the relative fractions of unchanged lung tissue were significantly reduced, which indicated deep degenerative-destructive changes in the organ.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121690138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive capabilities of the body and aggressive personality manifestations of modern students at various stages of education in a higher education institution","authors":"N. V. Stoyan, O. Ocheredko, V. O. Korobchanskyi, O. Bratkova, O. Serebrennikova","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-04","url":null,"abstract":"The determination of the subsequent comprehensive assessment of the peculiarities of the course of adaptation processes, which are characteristic of modern student youth who acquire a certain profession, are closely related to the establishment of the regularities of the course of numerous adaptive mechanisms in the plane of implementation of psychophysiological, mental, and socio-psychological adaptation. The purpose of the work is to carry out a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the adaptation capabilities of the organism based on the definition of its social and psychological component and aggressive personality manifestations of modern students at various stages of education in a higher education institution. Scientific studies were conducted using questionnaires by Rogers and Diamond and Bass-Darky. 307 students, including 150 young women and 157 young men, who studied in the first, third and sixth years of the medical faculty were under supervision during the observation period. The analysis of the obtained data involved the application of descriptive statistics procedures based on the application of the statistical analysis program package “Statistica 6.1” (license number ВXXR901E245722FA). It was established that the highest level of expression of integral indicators of social and psychological adaptation of students, regardless of the time of study in a higher education institution, is characteristic of the characteristics of adaptation manifestations regarding the desire to dominate and accept others; at the same time, the lowest level of expression is for the characteristics of internality and therefore, determines the presence of pronounced signs of transformations of the adaptive content, which mark the tense course of the processes of social and psychological adaptation of students to the conditions of stay in a medical institution of higher education. It was found that among the overwhelming number of students who were studied, the indicators of aggressive personality manifestations exceed the values typical for normative age-sex indicators. This situation determines the need for the development of methods for a comprehensive assessment of the state of adaptive resources of the body of young men and women studying and scientific substantiation of health-preserving technologies, based on which measures of psychohygienic correction should take the leading place.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116884855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the proliferative activity of the endometrium during the period of the implantation window in veteran women of reproductive age with a history of contusion","authors":"A. Serbeniuk","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-08","url":null,"abstract":"Today, more than 50.000 women serve in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The number of people with post-traumatic stress disorder is 27.7 % among military personnel who took part in active combat operations. Post-traumatic syndrome is a frequent predictor of various states of proliferative activity of the endometrium in veteran women of reproductive age with changes in the hormonal background, morphofunctional changes of the endometrium, which in turn negatively affects the reproductive health of women. The purpose of the work: to determine the proliferative activity of the endometrium in patients of reproductive age who took part in hostilities and suffered a concussion. The selection criteria of the women included in the study were: the presence of contusion in the anamnesis, normospermia in the husband, the absence of pregnancy within a year after putting the main disease into remission, and unfulfilled reproductive plans. The age of the examined women ranged from 20 to 40 years. 457 women who took part in combat operations and suffered concussions were examined. The criterion for inclusion in the main group (O) was post-concussive syndrome as a consequence of a concussion sustained during hostilities. The number of examinees was 211 women. The criterion for inclusion in the comparison group (P) (n=246 women) was a concussion during combat operations, but the absence of post-concussion syndrome. The control group (K) included 30 civilian women without episodes of any trauma in the anamnesis. Clinical, instrumental and morphological research methods were used during the research. The most significant differences in the number of immunopositive endometrial cells in the state of proliferation and apoptosis were noted between groups P and O in chronic endometritis and simple atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium. Thus, in the structure of the endometrium of women with reproductive plans who participated in hostilities with episode of contusion in anamnesis, an increase in the proliferation processes in the glands and stroma of the endometrium against the background of intensification of the processes of apoptosis in the stroma and a decrease in the processes of apoptosis in the glands, which may interfere with the normal course of adhesion, was characteristic blastocysts and trophoblast invasions during implantation.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130284900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological features of heart damages caused by national Uzbek knives","authors":"F. K. Boymanov, А. М. Kushbakov","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-07","url":null,"abstract":"Damage to the body caused by the action of sharp objects is one of the topical topics of forensic criminology. The variety of existing objects that can potentially be used for the purpose of committing a crime require a detailed traceological study. Purpose of the work: to carry out an analysis according to the study of the features of the morphology of heart stab-cut wounds, inflicted by national Uzbek knives. The material presented by 30 observations of those who died as a result of inflicting penetrating stab wounds with damage to the heart, inflicted by national Uzbek knives. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using the MS Excel 2007 software. It was found that stab-cut wounds were more common in men, the wounds were mainly in the ventricles and less often in the atria. Stab-cut wounds inflicted by Uzbek national knives have an angular, oval, linear shape. The butt ends are П-, Г-, T-shaped, the blade ends are sharp. It was revealed that the walls of the heart, in comparison with skin wounds, have a higher morphological identification significance. The heart after restoration in Ratnevsky’s solution deformed less than skin wounds, and the length of the stab-cut wounds of the heart more accurately corresponds to the width of the blade of a stab-cut weapon. This may be due to the peculiarities of the structure of the epicardium and myocardium, which are less susceptible to the process of retraction. On the tissues of the heart, the design features of the butt and blade of knife blades are quite fully determined, so they can be used for group identification of a traumatic weapon.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114613105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlational relationships of intestinal wall parameters after barotraum","authors":"V. V. Kosharniy, L. V. Abdul-Ogli, S. V. Kozlov, V. G. Rutgaizer, O. A. Rutgaizer","doi":"10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31393/morphology-journal-2023-29(1)-09","url":null,"abstract":"Explosions are physical phenomena that lead to a sudden release of energy; they can be chemical, nuclear or mechanical. This process results in an almost instantaneous increase in pressure above atmospheric pressure. Damage to the abdominal organs after the action of explosion factors (shock blast wave, striking elements of the explosive device, secondary shells, chemical and thermal factors) is a fairly common clinical situation. The small and large intestines are the most vulnerable to the impact of a shock blast among the abdominal organs. The aim of the study was a study of the distant consequences of the influence of barotrauma on the morphometric parameters of the intestines of white rats and their correlations. The studies were performed on 20 white outbred sexually mature rats weighing 180-200 g. The wall of the small intestine was stained with hematoxylin and eosin according to the generally accepted method. The thickness of the entire intestinal wall, mucous, muscular and serous membranes, the length and width of the villi, the depth and width of the crypts were determined. Statistical processing of morphometry results was performed using the Statistica 10.0 program. Analysis of histopathological changes in the wall of the small intestine by light microscopy on the seventh day after the impact of the shock air wave on the anterior abdominal wall showed a significant thickening of the mucous membrane, submucosa, muscle membrane compared with the control group of animals. Thickening of the intestinal wall layers occurred due to intercellular edema and edema of stromal elements. At the time of the study, an inflammatory reaction with predominantly neutrophilic infiltration was present in all mucosal, submucosal, and muscular membranes. From the vascular bed in the vessels of the mucous and submucosal membranes, circulatory disorders occurred in the form of plethora and stasis in the vessels of various diameters and affiliations. Thickening of the layers of the intestinal wall occurred due to intercellular edema, swelling of stromal elements. The analysis of the morphometric parameters of the wall of the small intestine showed that in experimental rats after barotrauma simulation, quantitative changes occur at both the cellular and tissue levels, which correlate with the observation period. The muscular shell is subject to more pronounced changes under the action of a shock wave, which is confirmed by morphometric studies and correlation analysis. When conducting a correlation analysis, it was established that all indicators had strong positive relationships with each other, except for the parameter of the thickness of the muscle layer. Changes in the average thickness of the mesenteric layer had a moderate relationship with all parameters except crypt width and mucosal thickness.","PeriodicalId":364875,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Morphology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132038681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}