Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Characteristics of visual functions and their correlation with OCT-angiography of the macula in patients with small choroidal melanoma","authors":"E. Myakoshina, S. Saakyan","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-216-223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-216-223","url":null,"abstract":"Background: choroidal melanoma is the most common malignancy in ophthalmological practice. However, it is difficult to diagnose its early stages, since patients report non-specific symptoms. A delay in malignant tumor diagnosis is associated with metastasis and fatal outcome. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) enables to visualize the ocular fundus microcirculation and, as a result, to achieve an earlier diagnosis of choroidal melanoma. Aim: to describe characteristics of the visual functions and their correlation with ophthalmoscopy and OCT-A findings in patients with small choroidal melanoma. Patients and Methods: the study involved 46 (92 eyes) patients with small choroidal melanoma, 17–84 years old (mean 59.67±14.2). All patients were split into 3 groups based on the tumor size. Group 1 (n=17): a prominence is 1.3±0.3 mm and a basal diameter is 6.8±2.2 mm; group 2 (n=12): a prominence is 1.7±0.4 mm and a basal diameter is 8.3±2.01 mm; group 3 (n=17): a prominence is 2.4±0.74 mm and a basal diameter is 9.75±0.47 mm. The control group consisted of healthy paired-eyes (n=46). Visometry with the evaluation of the uncorrected and maximum-corrected distance visual acuity was performed in all patients. Results: a correlation was found between the decrease in the uncorrected and maximum-corrected distance visual acuity and the tumor size (р<005). According to the OCT-A results, an area and perimeter of the foveolar avascular zone expanded with an increase in tumor size (p<0.05). As shown, a decrease in density of the perfusion and vessels in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses in all quadrants of the perifoveolar zone was associated with the tumor growth (p <0.05). Conclusion: the characterization of visual functions and their correlation with ophthalmoscopy is important for identifying the first signs of choroidal melanoma development. The assessment of OCT-A findings is a unique diagnostic criterion enabling to detect the first signs of macular microvascular disorders accompanying the manifestation and growth of extramacular choroidal melanoma. A timely diagnosis of small choroidal melanoma offers the opportunities of adequate treatment and, ultimately, improves the vital prognosis for patients with malignant tumor. Keywords: visual functions, OCT-angiography, maculopathy, small choroidal melanoma. For citation: Myakoshina E.B., Saakyan S.V. Characteristics of visual functions and their correlation with OCT-angiography of the macula in patients with small choroidal melanoma. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):216–223 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311- 7729-2022-22-4-216-223.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75902919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional tests in children with type 1 diabetes and their correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels","authors":"V.R. Abdulina, I. Stepanova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-99-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-99-102","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess correlations between ocular ultrasound (US) biometry and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Patients and Methods: 79 children were enrolled. The control group included 52 age-matched healthy children. Axial length (AL, mm) and lens thickness (LT, mm) were measured by US. Central corneal thickness (CCT) and central macular thickness (CMT) were measured by OCT (Cirrus 2000, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany). Correlation analysis to assess the relationship between HbA1c, US, and OCT was performed. Results: 55.7% of the participants were boys (n=44) and 44.3% were girls (n=35). Children were assigned into six groups depending on HbA1c levels. Group 1 (HbA1c <6.0%) included 8 children, group 2 (HbA1c 6.1–7.0%) 29 children, group 3 (HbA1c 7.1–8.0%) 21 children, group 4 (HbA1c 8.1–9.0%) 8 children, group 5 (HbA1c 9.1–10%) 5 children, and group 6 (HbA1c >10%) 8 children. The mean AL was 22.7±1.1 mm. The greatest AL was reported in groups 2 and 4, while the least AL was reported in groups 3 and 6. The greatest LT was reported in groups 4 and 6. In group 1, LT was similar to those in the control group. In all groups but group 2, CCT was greater than in controls. CMT demonstrated a negative correlation with HbA1c levels in the study groups. CMT was the greatest in children with T1D of 5 years’ durati Conclusion: in children with T1D, US and OCT findings correlate with HbA1c levels and T1D duration. Ocular biometry, CCT, and CMT measurements are useful tests illustrating the level of compensation of systemic disease. Dynamic assessment of these parameters will help develop indicators of diabetic retinopathy in children with T1D. Keywords: diabetes, ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, glycated hemoglobin. For citation: Abdulina V.R., Stepanova I.S. Functional tests in children with type 1 diabetes and their correlation with hemoglobin A1c levels. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):99–102 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-99-102.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91133067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular aberrations in keratoconus","authors":"V. Averich, G. B. Egorova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-168-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-168-174","url":null,"abstract":"The review presents the basic concepts of the wavefront, ocular aberrations and their changes in keratoconus (KC) — the most common form of primary ectatic corneal disorder. It also considers the issues of the posterior corneal surface impact on the indicators of general astigmatism and the wavefront. The authors note that a possible reason for the increase in the aberration level in KC are concomitant signs of dry eye syndrome (DYS). Adding that, the review also discusses methods for correcting aberrations in KC. To date, contact lens vision correction with rigid gas permeable lenses remains the most effective method of visual rehabilitation. The prescription with a combination of artificial tears and reparative medicine allows to almost completely neutralize the phenomena of keratomalacia (conjunctival xerosis). If a patient with KC has initial signs of DYS, it is advisable to use preservative-free low-viscosity artificial tears based on hyaluronic acid of various concentrations. If the patient uses contact lens vision correction to prevent hypoxia complications, it is justified to prescribe the antioxidant agent, methylethylpiridinol, which has an antiaggregational and antihypoxic effect. Keywords: keratoconus, ocular aberrations, posterior corneal surface, wavefront, Zernike polynomials, dry eye syndrome, antioxidant. For citation: Averich V.V., Egorova G.B. Ocular aberrations in keratoconus. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(3):168– 174 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-168-174.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85401373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of fixed-dose combinations of antibiotics and steroids in ophthalmic surgery","authors":"V. Nikolaenko, D. Belov","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-58-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-58-61","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the relevance of fixed-dose combinations (FDC) of antibiotics (AB) and steroids in cataract surgery. Postoperative pharmacotherapy of phacoemulsification addresses two main issues — reducing inflammation and preventing infectious complications. Therefore, the question arises about the role of FDCs of ABs and steroids addressing both issues but in compliance with baseline principles. The most effective measure to prevent acute endophthalmitis is an intracameral injection of antibiotics at the end of surgery. Meanwhile, as early as after 10 hours, drug concentration reduces to a level that fails to prevent aqueous humor contamination with bacteria. Therefore, topical ABs, either monotherapy or FDC, are reasonable up to complete healing of phaco incisions (approximately after one week). The authors suggest a postoperative management algorithm after uneventful phaco involving topical administration of an FDC containing 0.5% levofloxacin and 0.1% dexamethasone QID at week 1. If inflammation (conjunctival redness and cells/flare) persists, switching to dexamethasone as monotherapy QID during week 2 (and withdrawal without tapering) is recommended. Keywords: phacoemulsification, endophthalmitis, prevention, inflammation, antibiotic, steroid, dexamethasone, fixed-dose combination, eye drops, withdrawal syndrome. For citation: Nikolaenko V.P., Belov D.F. Role of fixed-dose combinations of antibiotics and steroids in ophthalmic surgery. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(1):58–61 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-58-61.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88291780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse reactions of botulinum toxin type A for treating strabismus in children","authors":"E. Sidorenko, I. Ostanina, K.N.M. Rosel’o, D. V. Migel, E. I. Sidorenko","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-145-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-145-148","url":null,"abstract":"Background: the use of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) in ophthalmology for extraocular disorders in children and adults became possible was pioneered by A. Scott in the 1980s. Lack of experience and understudied risks of this treatment modality in Russia prevent the introduction of chemodenervation into daily ophthalmic practice. In addition, several adverse reactions of BTA were reported. Therefore, these adverse reactions should be considered when choosing this treatment in adults and children. Aim: to assess the efficiency and adverse reactions of BTA when treating strabismus in children. Patients and Methods: 212 children (424 eyes) aged seven months to 15 years with estab-lished strabismus were enrolled. Visual fixation and acuity were measured before BTA injection. BTA was injected in horizontal extraocular muscles (average dose 3.40 U). Results: the average angle of strabismus was 33.28±12.96°, the average angle of eso-tropia was 33.69±12.86°, the average angle of exotropia was 31.50±13.41°. Neutralization of strabismus angle was achieved in 92.2%, a reduction in strabismus angle was reported in 7.8%. In total, 288 procedures were performed. 76 patients (35.85%) required re-surgeries. In most cases, re-chemodenervation was performed in children with a strabismus angle >25° (Hirschberg test). Adverse reactions of chemodenervation were blepharoptosis (2.83%), hypereffect (17.45%), conjunctival redness, and edema at the injection sites. These adverse reactions were self-limited, no specific treatment was needed. Conclusion: chemodenervation by BTA injection in hyperfunctional extraocular muscles is a highly effective, non-traumatic, and safe treatment for strabismus in children. All adverse reactions identified by our study were transient. Keywords: botulinum toxin type A, postoperative complications, strabismus, nystagmus, extraocular disorders, chemodenervation. For citation: Sidorenko E.E., Ostanina I.A., Rosel’o K.N.M. et al. Adverse reactions of botulinum toxin type A for treating strabismus in children. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):145–148 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-145-148.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85105798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Аcute posterior vitreous detachment","authors":"P. L. Volodin, S. I. Belyanina","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-247-253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-247-253","url":null,"abstract":"The detachment of the posterior hyaloid membrane (posterior vitreous detachment /PVD/) means the separation of the posterior vitreous cortex from the internal limiting membrane of the retina and the optic disc. Traditionally, PVD is considered as a physiological process associated with the involutional changes of the vitreous body. In most cases, the early stages of acute PVD are asymptomatic. Patients do not seek for medical care until an acute condition occurs along with the development of typical symptoms. It happens when the posterior hyaloid membrane completely separates from the retina and the optic disc, or when complications of this process develop, such as hemorrhages in the vitreous and retina, retinal breaks/tears and detachment, and macular lesions. Taking into consideration the spontaneous PVD onset and the risk of various complications, it is necessary to conduct a thorough research of the etiology and pathogenesis of this process, identify potential predisposing and triggering factors, and to define tactics of patient management, timely detection and treatment of complications. It is important to assess the informational value of special instrumental methods of patient examination, such as B-scan ultrasound imaging and optical coherence tomography. These methods open new perspectives for verifying the diagnostic accuracy, revealing complications, visualizing residual vitreoretinal adhesions, and offering tactics for further patient management. Keywords: acute posterior vitreous detachment, posterior hyaloid membrane, peripheral retinal breaks/tears, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, vitreomacular traction syndrome, B-scan ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography. For citation: Volodin P.L., Belyanina S.I. Аcute posterior vitreous detachment. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):247– 253 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-247-253.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90739089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of prostaglandin analogues on intraocular pressure fluctuations in body position change","authors":"A. A. Antonov, S. Vostrukhin, A. V. Volzhanin, A. A. Vitkov, A. M. Akimov, I. I. Asinovskova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-103-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-103-107","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess the effects of prostaglandin F2a analogues on intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations when changing body position. Patients and Methods: thirty-eight patients (50 eyes) with newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Patients were examined before and one month after prescribing travoprost, a prostaglandin F2a analogue. During the examination, IOP was measured by Icare pro rebound tonometry and applanation tonometry (corneal-compensated IOP/ccIOP and Goldmann-correlated IOP/IOPg) in a sitting position. Next, IOP was measured by Icare tonometer twice with a 5-min interval in a supine position. Finally, IOP was measured by Icare tonometry and applanation tonometry (IOPcc, IOPg) in the sitting position. Results: baseline IOPcc, IOPg, and IOP measured by Icare were 25.4±3.2 mm Hg, 25.7±2.3 mm Hg, and 22.9±3.4 mm Hg, respectively. IOP levels (Icare tonometry) in the supine position were 23.7±3.3 mm Hg and 24.0±3.3 mm Hg, respectively. In repeated measurements in the sitting position, IOPcc, IOPg, and IOP measured by Icare were 25.4±3.2 mm Hg, 25.7±2.4 mm Hg, and 22.3±3.4 mm Hg. One month after starting treatment with travoprost, IOPcc, IOPg, and IOP measured by Icare reduced to 18.2±2.7 mm Hg, 18.2±1.8 mm Hg, and 16.6±2.5 mm Hg, respectively. IOP levels (Icare tonometry) in the supine position were 17.3±2.8 mm Hg and 17.2±2.7 mm Hg, respectively. In repeated measurements in the sitting position, IOPcc, IOPg, and IOP measured by Icare were 18.0±2.3 mm Hg, 18.4±1.8 mm Hg, and 16.2±2.5 mm Hg, respectively. When transiting in a supine position, the differences in IOP levels were 0.83±1.04 mm Hg at baseline and 0.77±1.41 mm Hg after one month. When transiting in a sitting position, the differences in IOP levels were 1.66±1.24 mm Hg at baseline and 0.99±0. 98 mm Hg after one month. Conclusion: travoprost as a starting monotherapy for POAG provides a long-lasting IOP reduction and minimizes its fluctuations when changing body position Keywords: glaucoma, intraocular pressure, body position, rebound tonometry, prostaglandin analogue, travoprost. For citation: Antonov A.A., Vostrukhin S.V., Volzhanin A.V. et al. Influence of prostaglandin analogues on intraocular pressure fluctuations in body position change. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):103–107 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022- 22-2-103-107.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74798006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of glaucoma and glaucoma surgery on quality of life","authors":"V. Erichev, A. V. Volzhanin","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-44-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-44-50","url":null,"abstract":"Glaucoma is a chronic, incurable disease managed by controlling intraocular pressure (IOP). Meanwhile, vision loss in glaucoma and treatments affect the quality of life (QoL). Many studies on QoL in patients with glaucoma are now available. Standardized questionnaires and established non-linear relationships between QoL in glaucoma and clinically assessed quantitative parameters (e.g., visual acuity, visual fields, etc.) are significant achievements. Although treatments (pharmacotherapy or surgical interventions) generally reduce IOP, their adverse reactions affect QoL and treatment adherence. Surgical interventions provide the most potent IOP-lowering effect. However, surgery most affects QoL due to local symptoms and psychological factors (particularly at the early stages of glaucoma). Given the emergence of minimally invasive procedures, the importance of studying de facto QoL after glaucoma surgery is resurrected. Keywords: quality of life, glaucoma, trabeculectomy, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery, neuroprotective therapy. For citation: Erichev V.P., Volzhanin A.V. Impact of glaucoma and glaucoma surgery on quality of life. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(1):44–50 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-44-50.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73046266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinal status in moderate myopia and age-related macular degeneration. Management strategies","authors":"L. Moshetova, I. Alekseev, I. V. Vorob'eva, Yu. A. Nam","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-91-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-91-98","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess retinal status in comorbid ocular disorders (moderate myopia and age-related macular degeneration/AMD of various stages) using modern diagnostic tools. Patients and Methods: 48 patients (96 eyes) with moderate myopia and dry AMD were enrolled. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), mean deviation/MD (characterizes mean reduction of sensitivity), pattern standard deviation/PSD (characterizes the severity of local visual field defects), central macular thickness (CMT), and axial length (AL) were measured. The macular zone was investigated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) using B scan and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) regimens. Results: in moderate myopia associated with dry AMD (AREDS categories 1,2,3), a significant reduction in the mean BCVA (20/25) was detected in 54.2% (26 patients, 52 eyes). Retinal photosensitivity indices (MD and PSD) were also significantly reduced to 2.19 dB (р<0.001) and 2.14 dB (р<0.001), respectively. AL was significantly increased (25.11 mm, р<0.001). No significant differences in CMT values were revealed (233 mcm, p=0.123). In comorbid ocular disorders, severe defects and focuses of RPE atrophy, extensive areas of the IS/OS junction line damage, and drusen are seen among morphological abnormalities of the eye fundus. FAF identified certain pathological patterns, e.g., focal hypo- and hyperautofluorescence, hyperautofluorescent halo at the border of staphyloma, linear hypoautofluorescent bands surrounded with hyperautofluorescence, reticular pattern, patches, focal and multifocal areas of geographic atrophy. Conclusion: our findings on visual field loss (MD, PSD) in AMD depending on stage and OCT findings in AMD are in line with the results of other authors. Meanwhile, we investigated a comorbid variant (AMD in association with moderate myopia), compared morphological and functional parameters, and addressed the relevance of FAF. Keywords: myopia, age-related macular degeneration, optical coherence tomography, autofluorescence. For citation: Moshetova L.K., Alekseev I.B., Vorob’eva I.V., Nam Yu.A. Retinal status in moderate myopia and age-related macular degeneration. Management strategies. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):91–98 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311- 7729-2022-22-2-91-98.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87523693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of TNF-α gene promoter polymorphism with primary open-angle glaucoma","authors":"A. Shevchenko, V. F. Prokof’ev, V. I. Konenkov, A. Eremina, A. Trunov, V. Chernykh","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-11-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-11-15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. Diagnosis of glaucoma at an early stage is challenging. Therefore, genetic factors predisposing to the development of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) are investigated. One of these predictors is tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine involved in glaucoma pathogenesis. Point mutations in the regulatory region of the TNFα gene are hypothesized to be associated with POAG risk. Aim: to analyze the polymorphism of three positions of TNFα gene promoters and their complexes in West Siberian Caucasians with POAG and healthy volunteers. Patients and Methods: the study enrolled 401 individuals, i.e., 99 patients with POAG stage 2 and 302 individuals without POAG (randomized control group). All participants signed an informed consent form. Single nucleotide TNFα gene promoter polymorphism (rs361525, rs1800629, rs1800630) was analyzed. Genotyping was performed by restriction analysis of gene amplification products. Results: the occurrence of minor genotype TNF-308*АА was significantly higher in POAG (odds ratio 11.41, p=0.0011). The occurrence of two other genotypes demonstrated no significant differences between groups. Three complex genotypes were positively associated with POAG (TNF-863*CC:TNF-308*AA, TNF-308*AA:TNF-238*GG и TNF-863*CC:TNF-308*AA:TNF-238*GG). We failed to identify any single nucleotide polymorphism or complexes negatively associated with POAG. Conclusion: minor genotype TNF-308*АА is an essential factor of POAG pathogenesis. Two other polymorphic gene variants were associated with POAG as a part of complex genotypes. These findings demonstrate that potential polymorphic associations should be considered in the case-control analysis. Keywords: primary open-angle glaucoma, polymorphism, TNFα gene, gene promoter, complex genotypes. For citation: Shevchenko A.V., Prokof’ev V.F., Konenkov V.I. et al. Association of TNF-α gene promoter polymorphism with primary open-angle glaucoma. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(1):11–15 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-11-15.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87584599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}