Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Development of a Russian version of the Minnesota low vision reading chart","authors":"I. R. Stepanets, A. Kulikov, S. Koskin, D. Zhilchuk","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-150-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-150-155","url":null,"abstract":"Background: to evaluate reading performance and to obtain comparable results in multi-center studies carried out in several countries, it is necessary to use rigorously developed standardized tests in different languages. Aim: to develop a Russian version of the Minnesota low vision reading chart (MNREAD) and to test it for measuring the near vision reading performance in normally sighted young adults. Patients and Methods: sixty sentences were composed using the most common words selected from the frequency dictionary and the school curriculum of 1st — 4th grades. The number of characters per sentence and the sentence length were adapted to match the MNREAD design principles. 38 sentences were selected. Then, two versions of the test in Russian language (MNREAD-R) with different series of sentences were printed out and tested randomly in 30 subjects aged 18–22 years during one session. The reading parameters were assessed at a 40-cm distance; subjects were asked to read the charts for testing their monocular (right and left eyes) and binocular reading. The measured reading acuity (RA), maximum reading speed (MRS), critical print size (CPS) and reading accessibility index (ACC) were evaluated using statistical analysis. Results: the time taken to read a standardized short test sentence was approx. 3 s. Binocular MRS for test chart 1 was 198±4.51 words/min, for test chart 2 — 200±4.76 words/min; CPS in binocular conditions was the same for both charts and equaled to 0.08±0.02 logMAR; binocular RA for test chart 1 was (-)0.04±0.01 logMAR and test chart 2 — (-)0,06±0,01 logMAR; binocular ACC was 1.00±0.02 and 1.03±0.02, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between all parameters measured with the use of test charts 1 and 2 (р>0.05). Conclusion: the developed MNREAD-R test charts can be used for Russian speaking population to measure RA, MRS, ACC and RT. Keywords: MNREAD, reading speed, tests to assess reading performance, visual acuity, low vision. For citation: Stepanets I.R., Kulikov A.N., Koskin S.A., Zhilchuk D.I. Development of a Russian version of the Minnesota low vision reading chart. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(3):150–155 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-150-155","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80361850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future of artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases","authors":"E. A. Katalevskaya, D.Yu. Katalevskiy, M.I. Tyurikov, I. A. Velieva, A. Bol'shunov","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-36-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-36-43","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of informatics concerned with developing programs capable of imitating certain functions of the human mind. AI technologies are applied in different areas of medicine, including ophthalmology. Acquisition and analysis of images are critical for diagnosing and treating ophthalmic disorders, particularly retinal diseases. This paper reviews the use of AI algorithms for diagnosing and treating retinal disorders. Modern AI algorithms are trained to analyze images obtained by digital retinal photography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography. The most promising AI algorithms are those used for screening and treating chronic diseases (e.g., diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, age-related macular degeneration) to provide a personalized management strategy. Therefore, developing standards regulating AI technology application and standards providing a reliable evaluation of safety, accuracy, and reliability of AI-based system functioning is particularly important for healthcare. Keywords: artificial intelligence, computer vision, ophthalmic screening, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema, age-related macular degeneration. For citation: Katalevskaya E.A., Katalevskiy D.Yu., Tyurikov M.I. et al. Future of artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(1):36–43 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-36-43.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79943460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of the dry form of age-related macular degeneration: the studied present and promising future","authors":"N. G. Glazko, O.A. Kanaeva, M.H. Rabadanova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-240-246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-240-246","url":null,"abstract":"Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of central vision loss in elder group of patients. At the same time, annually, the number of people with detected changes in the retina corresponding to different forms of macular dystrophy is steadily growing. The disease is considered to be a highly significant medical, social and economic problem, since a deterioration of the central vision negatively affects the life quality and work capacity of patients. The article presents an analysis of modern views concerning the current therapy possibilities for the dry form of AMD, including the use of nutraceuticals, consisting of lutein, zeaxanthin, mesoseaxanthin, as well as an overview of the directions of development and clinical trials. The use of lutein- and zeaxanthin-containing compounds can be recommended for prevention both the AMD progression and the presence of risk factors for its development, especially in persons over 50 years of age, as well as in the presence of high visual workload. Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, nutraceuticals, carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, mesoseaxanthin. For citation: Glazko N.G., Kanaeva O.A., Rabadanova M.H. Treatment of the dry form of age-related macular degeneration: the studied present and promising future. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):240–246 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022- 22-4-240-246.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85601926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glaucoma laser treatments: modern approaches and practice guidelines","authors":"M.H. Rabadanova, J. G. Oganezova, E. Egorov, D. V. Katz, V. V. Novoderezhkin","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-265-272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-265-272","url":null,"abstract":"Glaucoma represents a significant medical, economical, and social burden for the healthcare system both in Russia and worldwide. Despite a variety of pharmacological, surgical and laser treatment options, the number of patients with irreversible glaucomatous damage to visual function is continuously rising. Currently, more emphasis has been made on laser micropulse techniques for the treatment of glaucoma. It is underpinned by several important advantages of this modality: it has demonstrated high efficacy; can be performed in outpatient settings without general anesthesia; is well-tolerated by patients; can be repeated over time and combined with surgeries; and is considered as a cost- effective treatment. There are different laser treatment options: laser trabeculoplasty, iridogonioplasty, laser iridectomy, goniopuncture, and laser cyclodestructive procedures, as well as their modifications. The article discusses specific features of these techniques, indications and contraindications, and laser characteristics. The article emphasizes the role of gonioscopy as an effective ocular assessment technique helping to create an individualized laser treatment plan for glaucoma patients. Also, the article focuses on pre- and postoperative management of patients and presents an algorithm for the management of patients with different glaucoma forms referred to the laser treatment. Keywords: glaucoma, gonioscopy, micropulse laser treatment, pre-operative management, intraocular pressure, pigment dispersion syndrome, trabeculoplasty, iridogonioplasty, iridectomy, goniopuncture, cyclocoagulation, bromfenac. For citation: Rabadanova M.H., Oganezova J.G., Egorov E.A. et al. Glaucoma laser treatments: modern approaches and practice guidelines. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):265–272 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-265-272.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76476478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blepharoplasty: historical aspects, terminology, and modern ideas","authors":"A. Kazantsev, E. Kazantseva, I. B. Alekseev","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-127-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-127-131","url":null,"abstract":"Visual contact is one of the important aspects of non-verbal communication. The look of every person is unique, it emphasizes individuality and represents what is happening in the inside and emotional experience. When we look in the eyes, we gain our first impression of an interlocutor and his/her psych evaluation. Irreversible changes of periorbital tissues of the upper face occur with aging. They result in the functional changes and visible cosmetic defects, thereby negatively affecting psychological social status and provoking eyelid discomfort. Patients refer to specialists (plastic or ocular surgeons) to address these age-related issues. Blepharoplasty is a popular, effective, and safe surgical procedure to reconstruct periorbital soft tissues. The history of blepharoplasty began in the 10th century when a Persian scientist Avicenna described a technique of removing the excessive overhanging skin of the upper lids. Later on, blepharoplasty goes through a long way of development, evolution, and practice. Blepharoplasty is no less important today, being one of the most common esthetic procedures of plastic surgery worldwide. Modern, highly effective diagnostic tools and professional medical equipment allow for an accurate prediction of surgical outcome, thereby emphasizing the importance of the conception \"desired changes — realistic expectations\". This paper reviews the historic aspects and current views on blepharoplasty, and professional terminology used by plastic and ocular surgeons specializing in esthetic eyelid surgery. Keywords: blepharoplasty, history of blepharoplasty, plastic surgery, eye surgery, periorbital area, professional terminology, current ideas, preoperative planning, reconstruction of eyelid soft tissues. For citation: Kazantsev A.D., Kazantseva E.P., Alekseev I.B. Blepharoplasty: historical aspects, terminology, and modern ideas. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):127–131 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-127-131.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81155148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The initial results of using brolucizumab (Beovu®), an angiogenesis inhibitor, for choroidal neovascularization in patients with age-related macular degeneration","authors":"N. Zhayvoronok, O. V. Kolenko, L. Danilova, E. L. Sorokin","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-228-233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-228-233","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess the clinical efficacy of brolucizumab for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Patients and Methods: clinical assessment of the efficacy of brolucizumab was performed in 25 patients (25 eyes) with neovascular AMD. The dynamic monitoring included optical coherence tomography to assess the localization and area of the neovascular complex, as well as the density and thickness of the new blood vessels (OCT-angiography). Three injections of brolucizumab (in a dose of 6 mg/0.05 mL) were performed once a month. The follow-up period was 4 months. Results: the mean age of patients was 68±5 years. After the first injection of brolucizumab, there was a statistically significant de - crease in the mean values of central retinal thickness (CRT) and macular volume (MV) vs the baseline values. By month 4, a statistically significant increase in the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) vs. that at the baseline was achieved: from 0.3 (0.2; 0.45) to 0.6 (0.4; 0.6) (p<0,001). In all patients after three injections the minimal values of CRT were reported: they decreased from 298 (284; 302) to 268 (263; 270) μm. Also, MV reduced from 10.4 (9.5; 10.7) to 8.8 (8.7; 9.3) mm 3 (p<0,001). After one month in 22 of 25 patients and after three intravitreal injections of brolucizumab in 3 patients an adhesion of the neuro- and pigment epithelium was recorded with the complete resorption of the subretinal fluid, and the subretinal fluid was not found. Subjectively, all patients noted an improvement in the quality and contrast sensitivity of central vision after treatment. Conclusions: after each injection of brolucizumab, there was a statistically significant progressive reduction in macular parameters, CRT and MV, coupled with an increase in mean BCVA values. Keywords: vascular endothelial growth factor, anti-VEGF, brolucizumab, age-related macular degeneration, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, wet age-related macular degeneration, treatment efficacy. For citation: Zhayvoronok N.S., Kolenko O.V., Danilova L.P., Sorokin E.L. The initial results of using brolucizumab (Beovu®), an angiogenesis inhibitor, for choroidal neovascularization in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):228–233 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-228-233.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77235713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current approaches to residual astigmatism correction after phacoemulsification","authors":"M. Bikbov, O. I. Orenburkina, A. Babushkin, A. M. Tulyakova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-51-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-51-57","url":null,"abstract":"Residual astigmatism or ametropia are relatively common after phacoemulsification. This entity is accounted for by inaccurate intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation or improper preoperative examination. As a result, target refraction is not achieved. Spectacle correction of astigmatism in pseudophakia has several drawbacks and is often poorly tolerated, leaving patients unsatisfied with surgical outcomes. This paper reviews state-of-the-art surgical techniques for correcting residual astigmatism after cataract surgery. These include laser (photorefractive keratectomy/PRK and laser in situ keratomileusis/LASIK), Femto laser (arcuate keratotomy), and intraocular (add-on toric IOL implantation) procedures. The authors address published data on the pros and cons of these interventions. These techniques empower surgical correction of astigmatism and provide the best possible vision for patients. Finally, this paper discusses postoperative management using tear substitutes. Keywords: phacoemulsification, residual astigmatism, PRK, LASIK, femtosecond arcuate incisions, add-on toric IOLs. For citation: Bikbov M.M., Orenburkina O.I., Babushkin A.E., Tulyakova A.M. Current approaches to residual astigmatism correction after phacoemulsification. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(1):51–57 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-51-57.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77906443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viral conjunctivitis in children: the specific clinical features and treatment","authors":"N.V. Kazinskaya, V.Yu. Evgrapho, I. A. Il'inskaya","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-191-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-191-196","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last few years, viral conjunctivitis in children has become a significant challenge. Modern diagnostic techniques facilitate a prompt detection of this disease, assuming that a qualified approach is used by the ophthalmologist for making diagnosis in such cases. As a broad spectrum of drugs is available for the treatment of inflammation of the anterior eye segment, the ophthalmologist can customize medications for each patient with viral conjunctivitis. The key problem of pediatric ophthalmology is associated with the age limits for choosing eye drops and ointments. Besides, most cases of viral conjunctivitis in children occur amid infection of the upper respiratory tract, requiring a comprehensive approach to the management of this health condition. The article describes the most common types of child’s conjunctivitis and provides authors’ own findings for 195 patients, 0–18 years old, including the specific clinical features and the considerations for treatment. In addition, a clinical case report is presented where an incorrect interpretation of symptoms of the anterior eye segment inflammation has led to the inappropriate medication administration and the development of such complications as keratitis and reduced visual acuity. In general, timely diagnosis of the disease and adequate treatment of pediatric patients, in contrast to adults, ensures an uncomplicated clinical outcome, without scarring, uveitis or residual infiltrates. Keywords: viral conjunctivitis, keratitis, adenovirus, herpes, ocular mucous membrane, interferon, para-aminobenzoic acid. For citation: Kazinskaya N.V., Evgraphov V.Yu., Il’inskaya I.A. Viral conjunctivitis in children: the specific clinical features and treatment. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(3):191–196 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-191-196.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74544147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retinoprotective therapy of glaucoma","authors":"A. Makarova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-210-215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-210-215","url":null,"abstract":"Background: a fluctuating blood pressure (BP) and particularly an overnight hypotension is the key adverse factor leading to the progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Aim: to study the effectiveness of a neuroprotective drug (a complex of water-soluble polypeptide fractions) in patients with unstable primary open-angle glaucoma and normalized ophthalmotonus by monitoring the morphological and functional parameters of the retina and optic nerve. Patients and Methods: this six-month study included 30 patients (60 eyes) with primary open-angle stage 2 or 3 compensated glaucoma and unstable course. At the first stage of the study, a daily blood pressure monitoring (DBPM) was used for all patients to assess changes in systemic hemodynamics. The patients were split into 2 groups, each group consisting of 15 individuals, who received a different number of intramuscular (IM) injections of a neuroprotective drug, 5.0 mg: 10 injections in group 1 and 20 injections group 2. A comprehensive examination of patients was carried out at the beginning of the follow-up period, and at 3 and 6 months after the completion of the course of treatment with the drug. It included visometry, tonometry, static perimetry and optical coherence tomography of the retina and optic nerve. Results: based on the DBPM, the normal circadian BP pattern was disturbed in 27 (90%) patients. During the entire follow-up period, both groups demonstrated an improvement in visual acuity. The results of static perimetry indicated the stabilization of the glaucoma process in group 1 patients, while in group 2 where the treatment course with the neuroprotective drug lasted twice longer, it was possible to achieve an improvement in photosensitivity of the retina, as proven by the positive trends in MD and PSD indices. The results of the functional studies fully correlated with the morphological findings as demonstrated by a reliable stabilization of the status of the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion complex, as well as the volume of the optic nerve head. At the same time, a longer course of therapy with the drug was accompanied not only by a significant increase in the above parameters, but also by a decline in the volume of excavation of the optic nerve disc. Conclusions: the use of the neuroprotective drug in patients with the progression of primary open-angle glaucoma co-occurring with the changes in systemic hemodynamics enabled to achieve stabilization and improvement of the visual functions. Keywords: glaucoma, systemic blood pressure, peptide preparation, retinal ganglion cells, neuroprotection, retinoprotection. For citation: Makarova A.S. Retinoprotective therapy of glaucoma. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):210–215 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-210-215.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"29 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80475468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of glaucoma therapy with prostaglandin analogues nowadays","authors":"I. B. Alekseev, A. V. Volkova, L. Alekseeva","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-175-180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-175-180","url":null,"abstract":"Ocular hypotensive prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) are prodrugs that penetrate the cornea and become biologically active after hydrolysis by corneal esterase. They reduce intracranial pressure by increasing the uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humour and decreasing the outflow resistance. PGAs remain relevant as the first-line therapy drugs for patients with newly diagnosed glaucoma. The obvious exposure drawbacks of eye drops with preservatives have become prerequisites for the use of preservative-free medicines. Currently, it is recommended to use eye drops with preservatives less commonly, in the ideal case — only preservative-free products. In turn, the production of preservative-free drugs requires suitable carriers for the medicinal substance delivery — special vials (that do not depressurize when used) or monodoses. At present, reusable polymer dropper bottles have been developed, equipped with a valve that excludes the fluid intake return, a nozzle with antibacterial elements and an embedded sterilizing air filter. In the pharmaceutical market, travoprost is presented in the dosage form of eye drops, 0.04 mg/mL. This drug implements the described mechanism of drug storage and delivery. The review presents a meta-analysis on the comparative efficacy and tolerability of travoprost. Preservative-free travoprost presence on the pharmaceutical market in a special vial expands the range of available anti-glaucoma drugs. Keywords: glaucoma, hypotensive therapy, preservative-free dosage forms, prostaglandin analogues, travoprost. For citation: Alekseev I.B., Volkova A.V., Alekseeva L.I. Characteristics of glaucoma therapy with prostaglandin analogues nowadays. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(3):175–180 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-3-175-180","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72952430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}