Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Carotenoids in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration: a drug delivery system does matter","authors":"M. Maksimov, J. G. Oganezova, I. D. Kanner, A. A. Voznesenskaya","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-1-60-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-1-60-65","url":null,"abstract":"Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of low vision and blindness worldwide for people over age 60. By 2040, the number of people living with macular degeneration is expected to reach 288 million due to the exponential acceleration of population aging. A decline in visual functions caused by AMD has a significant economic impact in all countries. Besides aging, there are other multiple heterogenic risk factors associated with AMD: gender, environmental condition, lifestyle, genetic characteristics, chronic inflammatory processes in the human body, level of education, etc. It is important for the ophthalmologist to be aware of modifiable risk factors and thus to collect a comprehensive medical history, interact with patients using motivational interviewing and to involve promptly other healthcare specialists into the patient management strategy. Etiopathogenesis of AMD is still not entirely understood. However, it is known that the major pathways include age-related alterations of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, oxidative stress, dysregulated lipid metabolism, inflammation, hemodynamic changes, and neovascularization. Carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin are natural compounds with a proven efficacy in reducing AMD progression, which have been demonstrated to act as medications for patients with early AMD stages. The micro- encapsulated formula offers such an advantage as gradual and controlled release of active substances. Keywords: age-related macular degeneration, risk factors, etiopathogenesis, carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, microcapsules. For citation: Maksimov M.L., Oganezova J.G., Kanner I.D., Voznesenskaya A.A. Carotenoids in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration: a drug delivery system does matter. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(1):60–65 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-1-60-65.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78955909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of gender on the ocular surface after trabeculectomy","authors":"A. V. Antonova, V. Nikolaenko, V. Brzheskiy, A. Vuks","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-3-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-3-5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: the effect of gender on the rate and course of ocular surface diseases (in particular, conjunctival and corneal xerosis) is fairly well known. Meanwhile, gender-dependent changes in the ocular surface after trabeculectomy have not yet been studied. Aim: to analyze the effect of gender on changes in the ocular surface after trabeculectomy. Patients and Methods: this study enrolled 443 patients (168 men and 275 women) who underwent surgical interventions for uncontrolled primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in 2016–2020 and were followed up for 6–24 months. Trabeculectomy was performed as the first IOP- lowering procedure in 418 patients (150 men and 268 women) and reoperation in 25 patients (18 men and 7 women). Changes in subjective symptoms (OSDI) and clinical and functional signs of dry eye syndrome (tear film break-up time/TBUT and total tear production by Schirmer's I test) characterizing the ocular surface in various surgical outcomes (complete and partial success, failure) in men and women were analyzed. Results: women have more severe subjective symptoms but not functional signs of dry eye preoperatively. They are characterized by strict adherence to treatment (manifested in lower initial IOP compared with men) but more frequent eye drop instillations and greater cumulative preservative load on the ocular surface. Gender is not an independent risk factor for surgical failure. Successful trabeculectomy results in a significant reduction in the severity of conjunctival and corneal xerosis symptoms (OSDI) for at least 2 years in both genders. Despite clear postoperative improvement, women are significantly inferior to men in this parameter at all study control points. TBUT in both men and women increases significantly during the first 6 months postoperatively, and over the next 1.5 years TBUT stabilizes at the achieved level. An increase in Schirmer's I test results in men becomes significant only at the end of the second year of follow-up. In women, a significant increase in total tear production is reported as early as 6 months after trabeculectomy and changes slightly over the next 1.5 years. Restarting IOP-lowering medications in partial success and failure of trabeculectomy eliminates the improvement of ocular surface condition achieved during the drug-free period as early as after 6 months. Conclusions: regardless of gender, successful trabeculectomy results in a significant and long-term (at least 2 years) improvement of subjective symptoms (OSDI) and functional signs (in particular, TBUT) of conjunctival and corneal xerosis. Women are characterized by a clearer improvement in the parameters studied than men. Significant gender differences are found only when comparing subjective symptoms in the first year after surgery. Restarting IOP-lowering medications postoperatively brings the parameters back to baseline levels. KEYWORDS: gender, glaucoma, trabeculectomy, ocular surface, dry eye disease, OSDI, tear film break-up time, T","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85220440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary aphakic glaucoma in children: a 15-year retrospective study","authors":"N. N. Sadovnikova, V. V. Brzhesky, M. A. Zertsalova, A. Baranov","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-2-80-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-2-80-85","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess the incidence of glaucoma in children who underwent congenital cataract surgery, to determine the risk factors for its development. Patients and Methods: this retrospective study included 206 children (301 eyes) aged 10 years or less who underwent congenital cataract surgery in the Ophthalmology Department of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University (SPbGPMU) with an average follow-up period of 8.8±0.2 years. The children were divided into 4 groups by age at the surgical procedure. Group 1 included children operated on at the age of 90 days and younger; group 2 — aged from 91 to 365 days; group 3 — from 1 year to 4 years 11 months 29 days old; group 4 — from 5 to 10 years old. Co-existing ocular disorders were present in 247 (82,1%) eyes. Co-occurring extraocular disorders were found in 52 (25,2%) of 206 operated patients. Results: by the last visit, no patient in group 4 developed glaucoma. Glaucoma was diagnosed in 21 eyes (27.3%) of 14 patients from group 1, in 16 eyes (21.1%) of 12 patients from group 2 and in 10 eyes (12.5%) of 8 patients from group 3. In 57.4% of cases, glaucoma was controlled with medications, and surgery was performed on 20 eyes, including sinus trabeculectomy and Ahmed valve implantation. Statistically significant risk factors for the development of secondary glaucoma encompassed cataract extraction in children younger than 1 year of age, microcornea, additional intraocular surgical interventions, and aphakia. Conclusion: a less effective visual outcome of aphakic glaucoma treatment is caused by multiple factors, including amblyopia, nystagmus, as well as delayed diagnosis and untimely surgical intervention. Thus, to ensure early diagnosis of glaucoma, it is necessary to put tonometry and measurement of the axial length of the eye on the list of diagnostic tools for the outpatient follow-up of patients who underwent congenital cataract surgery. Keywords: aphakic glaucoma, congenital cataract, Ahmed valve, Cataract extraction, microcornea, aphakia, intraocular surgical interventions. For citation: Sadovnikova N.N., Brzhesky V.V., Zertsalova M.A., Baranov A.Yu. Secondary aphakic glaucoma in children: a 15-year retrospective study. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(2):80–85 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-2-80-85.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74694173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Episcleral spread of ciliochoroidal melanoma following surgeries: a case report","authors":"E. Grishina, I.D. Kim, E. Izotova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-2-107-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-2-107-110","url":null,"abstract":"Uveal melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors because its metastasis occurs by hematogenous spread. As a rule, a large tumor size and its extrascleral extension are associated with poor survival prognosis. Uveal melanoma may masquerade as other eye disorders, creating difficulties for making diagnosis and initiating timely treatment. The article presents a clinical report of ciliochoroidal melanoma with a large episcleral nodule and orbital extension through the optic nerve, stage T4N0M0. The initial diagnosis was wrong, and, as a result, the patient received inadequate treatment for a long period of time. Follow-up of the patient with the misdiagnosis of benign eye disease continued for 20 years. The cataract and glaucoma surgeries were carried out. However, the patient still had persistent elevation of intraocular pressure. The misdiagnosis was underpinned by a lack of oncologic alert and an incomplete set of used clinical and instrumental methods. Ultimately, it was necessary to perform the left orbital exenteration. The disrupted eye globe integrity caused by the glaucoma surgery and cataract extraction contributed to the extrascleral tumor growth. The inadequate therapy and delayed anti-tumor treatment of uveal melanoma necessitated to increase the scope of the surgical excision — the left orbital exenteration and, potentially, could deteriorate the survival prognosis. Keywords: uveal melanoma, ciliochoroidal melanoma, secondary ophthalmic hypertension, extrabulbar extension of uveal melanoma, diagnostic errors. For citation: Grishina E.E., Kim I.D., Izotova E.N. Episcleral spread of ciliochoroidal melanoma following surgeries: a case report. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(2):107–110 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-2-107-110.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"59 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72626448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refraction changes in the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces during the early postoperative period following sinus trabeculectomy","authors":"V. Averich, A. V. Volzhanin, G. B. Egorova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-1-27-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-1-27-32","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to evaluate keratotopography of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces in the early postoperative period following sinus trabeculectomy (STE). Patients and Methods: the study included 45 patients (45 eyes) with primary open angle glaucoma, stages II-III, who underwent trabeculectomy, as it was impossible to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by the prescribed medications. Corneal topographic parameters of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces were evaluated with Scheimpflug camera before surgery, 1 week and 1 month after STE. Results: one week after surgery, general and corneal astigmatism increased (0.32 and 1.0 diopters, respectively). An increase in the anterior corneal curvature was usually associated with the vertical meridian and in the posterior corneal curvature — with the horizontal meridian. Topographically, there was an asymmetric steeping of individual corneal segments that cannot be explicitly classified. One month after the operation there was a trend to flattening of the anterior corneal surface and to increasing of the posterior curvature astigmatism by 0.5 diopters. Measurements taken with auto kerato-refractometer demonstrated that general astigmatism reduced by 0.69 diopters. However, the measurements revealed a 1.5-fold increase in mean corneal astigmatism compared to baseline. One week after surgery, the spherical component increased by 0.36 diopters, and following one month — by 0.62 diopters. The corneal thickness did not change during the entire follow-up period. Keratometric measurements of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces strongly correlated at all follow-up evaluation points. There was a correlation between Scheimpflug imaging and measurements taken with auto kerato-refractometer. At different time points, a relationship was found between the corneal astigmatism and the mean curvature or the steep meridian of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces. Conclusion: STE causes an induced astigmatism as it affects both the anterior and posterior corneal curvatures. Since the effect of induced astigmatism on the cornea is varying, it is not possible to find appropriate classification for such cases, and, as a rule, the astigmatism cannot be controlled with optical correction methods. Keywords: glaucoma, trabeculectomy, cornea, refraction, posterior corneal curvature. For citation: Averich V.V., Volzhanin A.V., Egorova G.B. Refraction changes in the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces during the early postoperative period following sinus trabeculectomy. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;23(1):27–32 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-1-27-32.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84490260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and experimental rationale for using phenylephrine with hypromellose for the treatment of extra accommodation strain in patients with myopia","authors":"M. V. Makhova, E. Shikh, V. V. Strakhov, D. S. Blinov, G. K. Poluosmak, E. Semeleva, E. Blinova","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-1-33-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2023-23-1-33-38","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to perform a comparative analysis of the clinical efficacy of 2.5% phenylephrine with and without hypromellose for the treatment of extra accommodation strain in schoolchildren with myopia and to perform an experimental evaluation of the pharmacological effective of active ingredient of the finished dosage form (FDF) of preparations containing 2.5% phenylephrine with and without excipients. Patients and Methods: this clinical study enrolled 122 schoolchildren, 11–17 years old, with extra accommodation strain of various severity. The children were split into two groups. The group 1 patients received Irifrin® BK, containing 2.5% phenylephrine with hypromellose, one eye drop at the bedtime during 30 days, and the group 2 patients — Preparation A (2.5% phenylephrine without hypromellose) according to the same dosage regimen. The accommodative function was evaluated using the Speedy-i accommodation analyzer, and the coefficients of accommodation response before and 30 days after the treatment were determined. The experimental study was carried out in 40 sexually mature male rabbits of the Soviet Chinchilla breed to evaluate the development and duration of mydriatic effect and to measure the concentration of active ingredient — phenylephrine with hypromellose, as an excipient (Irifrin® and Irifrin® BK), phenylephrine without hypromellose (Preparation A) and phenylephrine with sodium hyaluronate as an excipient (Preparation B) in the aqueous humor within the eye anterior chamber using high-performance gas-liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Results: the drug therapy of extra accommodation strain comprising 2.5% phenylephrine hydrochloride solution with hypromellose as an excipient (Irifrin® BK) demonstrated a decrease in severity of extra accommodation strain after 30 days of treatment. At the same time, Preparation B did not demonstrate its efficacy. In the experimental study, Irifrin® and Irifrin® BK were superior to Preparations A and B (without hypromellose as an excipient) as regards the peak mydriatic effect and the time required to reach maximal mydriasis. The peak phenylephrine concentrations in the aqueous humor within the eye anterior chamber were reached five minutes after instilling 1 drop of 2.5% phenylephrine with hypromellose solutions. These peaks were significantly higher than those observed after instilling Preparations A and B — phenylephrine in the same concentration but without hypromellose. Conclusion: the addition of hypromellose as an excipient to FDF of 2.5% phenylephrine solution helps to optimize pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the active ingredient by accelerating its inflow in the aqueous humor within the eye anterior chamber, increasing the topical bioavailability, and extending the exposure interval. It is likely that the above factors have underpinned the efficacy of Irifrin® and Irifrin® BK drugs used for the treatment of extra accommodation strain. The same results were obtained","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73821330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of hereditary eye disease in the populations of Russian Federation","authors":"V. Kadyshev, E. Ginter, S. Kutsev, Zh.G. Oganezova, R. Zinchenko","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-69-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-69-79","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: genetic epidemiological study of hereditary eye diseases in various populations of the Russian Federation and comparative analysis of these findings. Patients and Methods: the sample included 12 ethnic groups from 14 regions of European Russia. The entire population irrespective of gender or age was examined. To confirm a certain type of inheritance of diseases from heterogeneous groups, the material was subjected to the multicomponent analysis used in multiple family registration. The rate of segregation was evaluated using the Weinberg proband method. Molecular genetic tests (Sanger sequencing, MLPA, AFLP, RFLP, whole exome sequencing) were applied. To identify the cases of hereditary disease accumulation in individual populations and/or ethnic groups, the prevalence of certain diseases in this population was calculated using F-distribution to compare the samples of rare diseases. Results: more than 46,000 patients and their relatives with presumably hereditary conditions were examined and data were collected. 554 clinically diverse hereditary diseases in 9,979 individuals were identified. Isolated hereditary eye disease (60 clinical variants) was identifie in 1,407 patients (14.56%). The mean prevalence of isolated hereditary eye disease was 1:2,272 (or 44.01 per 100,000). When assessing patterns of nosological spectrum and prevalence of isolated hereditary eye disease in each population/ethnic group using principal component analysis, 2 clusters were isolated. The first cluster includes 6 Russian populations and the second cluster includes 5 ethnic Volga Region groups, which are more similar to Russian populations than the North Caucasus people. In general, 57 hereditary syndromes (affecting anterior and posterior eye segments) in 1,051 patients were discovered. The mean prevalence of syndromic hereditary eye disease was 1:3,040 (or 32.89 per 100,000). Keywords: ophthalmogenetics, genetic epidemiological study, spectrum, ethnic group, type of inheritance, segregation, accumulation, isolated and syndromic hereditary eye diseases, prevalence, retinal degeneration. For citation: Kadyshev V.V., Ginter E.K., Kutsev S.I. et al. Epidemiology of hereditary eye disease in the populations of Russian Federation. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(2):69–79 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-2-69-79.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75389099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The results of using micropulse cyclophotocoagulation for the treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma","authors":"V. Egorov, A. V. Postupaev, N. V. Postupaeva","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-204-209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-204-209","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of using micropulse cyclophotocoagulation (MP-CPC) for the treatment patients with mild and moderate stages of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Patients and Methods: the clinical study included 56 patients (62 eyes) with POAG, 49–82 years old. The mild stage of glaucoma was detected in 33 eyes and the moderate stage — in 29 eyes. The level of intraocular pressure (IOP) before surgery ranged from 25 to 38 mm Hg (mean 29.2±2.8 mm Hg). All patients underwent MP-CPC according to the standard technique with the use of the Cyclo G6 Glaucoma Laser System and the MicroPulse P3 probe (IRIDEX, USA). The follow-up period was 6 months. Results: no complications were reported after the surgeries. The mean level of intraocular pressure at day 1 after surgery was 21.7±1.9mm Hg. A gradual intraocular pressure decrease was recorded by the third week after the surgical treatment, and its stabilization to 17.9±1.9 mm Hg occurred by the sixth month of observation in 94% of the eyes. At day 1 after the surgery, the reduction of intraocular pressure was more pronounced in patients with dark (brown) color of the iris in comparison with patients who had light (blue) color of the iris. It was found that up to 6 months after the surgery, the group of patients under 60 years of age had a more noticeable postoperative hypotensive effect when compared to the patient group over 71 years. Conclusion: MP-CPC was an effective and safe operation for normalizing intraocular pressure in most of the patients with mild to moderate stages of POAG during the 6-month follow-up period. Considering the minimization of the surgical trauma, MP-CPC can prolong the hypotensive effect and preserve visual functions in patients with mild to moderate stages of glaucoma in the near-term future (up to 6 months) after the surgical treatment. Keywords: micropulse cyclophotocoagulation, primary open-angle glaucoma, mild stage, moderate stage, intraocular pressure. For citation: Egorov V.V., Postupaev A.V., Postupaeva N.V. The results of using micropulse cyclophotocoagulation for the treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):204–209 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729- 2022-22-4-204-209.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"22 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73950081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disputable issues of the surgical strabismus correction in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy","authors":"D. Atarshchikov, E.Yu. Korchemkina","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-254-257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-254-257","url":null,"abstract":"Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration, fibroblast activation and the accumulation of collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the orbital tissues and extraocular muscles. Ultimately, the inflammatory changes cause restrictive strabismus in 17–51% of patients with GO. Meantime, the percentage of successful surgical management of strabismus in such patients varies within the 11–45% range, and the extent of inflammatory and fibrotic changes differs drastically even between the muscles located within the same orbit. Thus, every surgeon dealing with this problem makes every effort to find an optimal relationship between millimeters of resection or recession and prism diopters based on the published data and individual surgical performance. In the present review based on the analysis of scientific research, the emphasis is made on the most challenging issues of surgical strabismus management and correction described in medical practice. Patients with GO who visit an ophthalmic surgeon should be cautioned in advance that it could be not possible to achieve fully binocular vision in all directions of gaze. Keywords: Graves’ ophthalmopathy, restrictive strabismus, postoperative drift, extraocular muscles, recession, resection. For citation: Atarshchikov D.S., Korchemkina E.Yu. Disputable issues of the surgical strabismus correction in patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(4):254–257 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-4-254-257.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78882087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical coherence tomography for examining retina in patients with HIV/TB coinfection","authors":"E. Burylova, A. P. Demin, S. Skornyakov, E. Sabadash","doi":"10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-23-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-23-29","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess the retina (including peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer/RNFL and retinal vessel diameter) in patients with tuberculosis (TB) or HIV/TB coinfection in the lack of abnormalities detected by standard eye exam using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients and Methods: all patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n=19) included patients with HIV/TB coinfection. Group 2 (n=18) included patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB. Group 3 (n=20) included healthy volunteers (controls). All patients underwent standard eye exam and OCT (iVue-100 v3.2, Optovue, USA) to measure peripapillary RNFL thickness, central macular thickness, and the firstorder retinal vessel diameter (eight vessels). Results: OCT demonstrated greater peripapillary RNFL thickness in the nasal sector (by 13.4–18.3%) and central macular thickness (by 4.0– 7.5%), narrowing of retinal arteries, and enlargement of veins (predominantly temporal). These patterns may illustrate retinal microcirculation in the setting of a pathological condition (HIV/TB, including highly active antiretroviral therapy [HAART]) and be a harbinger of further abnormalities of ocular structures and central nervous system. Conclusion: OCT identifies changes in vessel diameter, central macular thickness, and peripapillary RFNL thickness before visual disturbances in preclinical eye changes in patients with HIV/TB coinfection. Keywords: HIV, tuberculosis, optical coherence tomography, calipermetry, retina. For citation: Burylova E.A., Demin A.P., Skornyakov S.N., Sabadash E.V. Optical coherence tomography for examining retina in patients with HIV/TB coinfection. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2022;22(1):23–29 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2022-22-1-23-29.","PeriodicalId":36455,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82854216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}