Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing最新文献_第6页

Considerations for the Laryngectomized Elderly Patient 老年喉切除术患者的注意事项

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-08-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1095010

S. Clifford, J. Gregg

引用次数: 0

The Impact of Aging on Auditory Perception 衰老对听觉感知的影响

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-08-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1095015

R. Kasten

引用次数: 3

Screening in the Secondary Schools 在中学进行筛选

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-05-01 DOI: 10.1055/S-0028-1089935

R. K. Sommers, M. Hatton

引用次数: 0

Hearing Screening in the Educational Setting 教育环境中的听力筛查

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-05-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089934

A. Feldman, C. Grimes, Linda S. Grimes

引用次数: 1

Assessment of Learning Disabilities 学习障碍评估

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-05-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089937

Dee Tull

{"title":"Assessment of Learning Disabilities","authors":"Dee Tull","doi":"10.1055/s-0028-1089937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1089937","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment takes many forms. Broadly defined by Ysseldyke and Algozzine (1979) and Thurlow and Ysseldyke (1979), assessment is the process of collecting information for use in making educational decisions about students. The assessment techniques used to identify students with learning disabilities are as varied as the individuals engaged in assessment. A review of literature identifies many assessment models that include tests and testing batteries, observation, history taking, diagnosis, and so forth. So much has been written in the last few years on assessment for learning disabilities that a person can find support for or refutation of any theory or model; however, given the existence of Public Law 94-142, a local educational agency must develop a system for identification of students with learning disabilities. This identification is a difficult task for most school districts. There are many assessment models. A number of professionals emphasize the importance of assessment as being a part of the ongoing instructional program (Cruickshank et at., 1980; Reynolds, 1975). Some stress that it is important to assess the student in relationship to his environment (Adelman and Taylor, 1979; Carroll 1974; Freund, et at., 1979); Laten and Katz, 1975; Wallace and Larsen, 1978). Although there are many dif-","PeriodicalId":364385,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122286287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Testing: Considerations in Cultural Differences 测试:文化差异中的考虑

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-05-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089932

S. Adler

{"title":"Testing: Considerations in Cultural Differences","authors":"S. Adler","doi":"10.1055/s-0028-1089932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1089932","url":null,"abstract":"Public Law 94-142 mandates \"extensive child identification procedures and non-discriminatory testing and evaluation.\" Therefore, in order to receive much needed funds, school programs must comply with this requirement. However, many problems have arisen because of the fact that so many of our testing tools lack appropriate reliability and validity; that is, they were standardized on populations that excluded the poor child and are therefore discriminatory. This exclusion has caused mislabeling and overcounting of served children on which distribution of funds is based; that is, the more served children, the more funds provided. Thus , we must screen and test with instruments that appropriately identify children in need of services. If not, our identification of many speech-language handicapped children will be in error — and, as we shall point out, this is indeed the case. It is critically important that testers be able to distinguish speech-language deficiencies from differences; that is, to recognize standard dialect (establishment English) from nons tandard dialects (blackor mountain-English). finding and is used to separate adequate from inadequate communication skills. When screening a culturally different child, the speech-language pathologist should consider that the child's language may be linguistically different but adequate, which implies only the need for teaching the child the standard dialect. As Baratz (1968) has stated: \"The speech pathologist must view the culturally different child's language differently than from children with language pathologies that result from physical or emotional difficulties. They've learned language but the language is different, not pathological. These children need to be taught standard English, not to be remediated.\" However, linguistic deficiencies obviously do exist, and the extent of the problem, as well as the implications for treatment, must be ascertained. Thus , as noted by Salvea and Pseldyke (1978), in this first step of identification, the existence of problems such as (1) the failure to identify truly deviant or deficient children, and (2) conversely, the identification of children as deviant when they have no problem to ameliorate or remediate, hinder reliable and valid case findings.","PeriodicalId":364385,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing","volume":"13 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128539889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Special Considerations in Preschool Screening of Language and Speech 学前语言和言语筛查的特殊考虑

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-05-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089933

Ann Henderson-Barrick

{"title":"Special Considerations in Preschool Screening of Language and Speech","authors":"Ann Henderson-Barrick","doi":"10.1055/s-0028-1089933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1089933","url":null,"abstract":"It may seem strange to gome that a discussion of screening in the schools would include a section on infants and preschool children. However, such an inclusion is appropriate for at least two reasons. First of all, professional interest in regular and special education for preschool children has increased considerably over the last few years. This new awakening may be referred to as a renaissance, because lay and professional awareness that identification of delays and intervention during the early years before a child enters school are of significant importance for social and emotional as well as intellectual growth. Professional literature during the last decade has pointed out the fact that remedial and compensatory programs are too few and have come too late for many children. Van Ha t tum (1976) notes that there is no justification for delaying assistance until the child is 5 years old simply because that is when he enters school. The damage resulting from abnormal or aberrant physical, mental, and/or social conditions may become exacerbated, if not irreversible, if they are unattended by the time a child enters school. The second reason for increased interest in early detection and intervention lies in Public Law 94-142 which dictates SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN PRESCHOOL SCREENING OF LANGUAGE AND SPEECH","PeriodicalId":364385,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116040751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Use of Immitance Screening by the Kansas City, Missouri Public School District 密苏里州堪萨斯城公立学区使用免疫筛选

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-05-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1089936

S. Queen, F. Moses, S. Wood, Dee Harryman, C. Couty

{"title":"The Use of Immitance Screening by the Kansas City, Missouri Public School District","authors":"S. Queen, F. Moses, S. Wood, Dee Harryman, C. Couty","doi":"10.1055/s-0028-1089936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1089936","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of children who have hearing problems has always been an important concern of the Kansas City, Missouri School District. However, owing to PL 94-142, improved educational placement procedures, public awareness, referrals from school personnel, legal courts, and other factors, the urgent need for a more comprehensive and improved audiologic school program became apparent. Following a pilot study in 1978, a p p r o x i m a t e l y 2 0 , 0 0 0 e l e m e n t a r y students (grades K-6) were evaluated in a hearing screening program incorporating pure-tone and impedance audiometry during the 1979-80 school year. One of the major drawbacks reported in the literature concerning immittance screening in the public school setting has been overreferral . We found immit tance screening to be highly practical and cost effective with modified ASHA guidelines (1979). Owing to the large numbers of students screened and the limited number of personnel, our auditory screening project was not undertaken as a controlled research study. A flexible approach was developed whereby 20,000 students could be screened so that all educationally and medically significant hearing problems could be identified.","PeriodicalId":364385,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126468297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Diagnosis of Communication Disorders 沟通障碍的诊断

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-02-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1095004

R. V. Van Hattum

引用次数: 1

Speech Screening 演讲中筛选

Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing Pub Date : 1981-02-01 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1095006

D. Battle

{"title":"Speech Screening","authors":"D. Battle","doi":"10.1055/s-0028-1095006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1095006","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decade, the speech and hearing profession has expanded its focus to include all aspects of communication and communication disorders, adding language to the traditional areas of articulation, voice, and fluency disorders. The change in professional focus has been reflected in changes in the case loads of many speech-language pathologists in the schools. There has been an increase in the number of children with language disorders enrolled in school speech programs and a decrease in the service provided to children with other communication disorders, especially articulation disorders. A report of the American Speech and Hearing Association (ASHA, 1961) showed that 80 percent of the speech caseload in the schools dealt with articulation disorders, with the remaining 20 percent being voice, rhythm, and problems associated with organic conditions. Prior to 1970, the caseload in the Montgomery County (Pennsylvania) School . System was 13 percent language disorders. During the 1971 to 1972 and 1973 to 1974 school years however, the language disorders in the caseload had increased to 29 percent and 38.6 percent, respectively (DesRoches, 1976). Blanchard and Nober (1978) reported a significant increase in the enrollment of language-disordered children in the Massachusetts school speech programs, accompanied by a significant decrease in the number of articulation cases served since the implementation of federal and state legislation regarding the handicapped in the mid-1970s. This trend may have resulted from the belief that language development and language disorders are of greater importance to a child's overall development than speech and speech disorders. In order to fully meet the communication needs of the children in the schools it is important to view speech disorders as equally as important as language and to understand the relationship between the two. This distinction is essential when considering screening programs in the schools. Premack (1970) describes language as having a dual structure along two distinct parameters —symbol modes and linguistic rules. The linguistic rules include semantic rules for the meanings of words and word combinations, syntactic rules for combining words into sentences of varying structural types, and, adding to his position, pragmatic rules for using those sentences and meanings to communicate. The symbol modes are viewed as the response mode, including writing, gesture and, the most efficient form,","PeriodicalId":364385,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Speech, Language and Hearing","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134020953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1