Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine最新文献_第5页

Fingerprint Patterns in Students with Learning Disability: Evidence of Sexual Dimorphism and Potential for Diagnosis in a Nigerian Population 指纹模式在学生学习障碍:证据性别二态性和潜在的诊断在尼日利亚人口

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_72_22

Ndubuisi Paris Obi, I. Okafor, C. Okeke

{"title":"Fingerprint Patterns in Students with Learning Disability: Evidence of Sexual Dimorphism and Potential for Diagnosis in a Nigerian Population","authors":"Ndubuisi Paris Obi, I. Okafor, C. Okeke","doi":"10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_72_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_72_22","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the sex-based relationship and prediction pattern between fingerprint patterns, ridge counts, and learning disability (LD). This cross-sectional study recruited 300 students (150 LD and 150 non-LD) aged between 3 and 29 years. The fingerprint patterns (arch, whorl, ulnar loop, and radial loop) and the ridge count: total finger ridge count (TFRC), absolute ridge count (ARC), ulnar ridge count (URC), and radial ridge count (RRC) were accessed. Students with LD showed a significantly higher whorl and a significantly lower ulnar loop than students without LD. There is a significant association of whorl pattern in the first right finger of subjects with LD compared to non-LD counterparts. TFRC, ARC, and URC were significantly higher in females with LD than non-LD females (P = 0.01, 0.03, and 0.001). Males with LD showed significantly lower TFRC, RRC, and URC counts than the non-LD males (P = 0.02, 0.01, and 0.001). TFRC can predict LD in males (odds ratio [OR] = 1.010, P = 0.032) and females (OR = 0.993, P = 0.012). Fingerprint pattern and ridge counts are sexually dimorphic in subjects with or without LD. TFRC and whorl fingerprint patterns may be vital predictive and screening tools for LD in males and females.","PeriodicalId":36434,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70793862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex Determination using Primary and Permanent Teeth under Different Environment Conditions: A Deoxyribonucleic Acid-based Study 不同环境条件下乳牙和恒牙的性别决定:一项基于脱氧核糖核酸的研究

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_48_22

Jaya Dubey, Jigna S. Shah

引用次数: 0

A pregnant woman died of sudden cardiac death: Should esophageal foreign body be considered an inductive factor? A case report and literature review 一名孕妇死于心源性猝死：食道异物是否应被视为诱发因素？病例报告及文献综述

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_77_22

Chang Cao, Mingming Li, Zhan-xiang Liu, S. Fang, Gang Chen, Guang-ping Chen, Tongjun Ma, Xuyang Zhu, Xiang Xu

{"title":"A pregnant woman died of sudden cardiac death: Should esophageal foreign body be considered an inductive factor? A case report and literature review","authors":"Chang Cao, Mingming Li, Zhan-xiang Liu, S. Fang, Gang Chen, Guang-ping Chen, Tongjun Ma, Xuyang Zhu, Xiang Xu","doi":"10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_77_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_77_22","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we report a case of acute attack of coronary heart disease (CHD). A 47-year-old pregnant woman with gestational hypertension developed sudden-onset chest tightness, palpitations, dyspnea, and cyanosis of the face and lips after admission. Her blood pressure was 180/110 mmHg and her blood oxygen saturation was 45% at that time. After cardiopulmonary resuscitation, a weak heartbeat was restored, but oxygen saturation did not increase significantly. Therefore, she was transferred to the intensive care unit; however, she died after 21 days of admission. Autopsy findings revealed that a foreign body was embedded in the esophagus near the right piriform, and her heart weighed 392 g; histopathological examination revealed CHD, thrombosis in the lumen of the right coronary artery, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, vascular hyaline degeneration in arterioles, neutrophils in the bronchiole and alveolar. All the tested samples yielded negative toxicological results. Clinical status and autopsy findings were not compatible with a diagnosis of peripartum cardiomyopathy. The patient's sudden death was attributed to CHD, and esophageal foreign-body impaction was considered to be concomitant phenomenon. Our findings might help in increasing the awareness between esophageal foreign-body impaction and sudden cardiac death and they can also help in clarifying that understanding the primary cause of death is the key to resolving an iatrogenic medical tangle.","PeriodicalId":36434,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"186 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49390706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application and Prospect of Postmortem Imaging Technology in Forensic Cardiac Pathology: A Systemic Review 尸检成像技术在法医心脏病理学中的应用与展望:系统综述

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_129_22

Ning-guo Liu, Mingzhen Yang, Zhling Tian, Hewen Dong, Yang Lu, D. Zou, Yan-Bin Wang

引用次数: 0

Sudden cardiac death due to long QT syndrome 长QT综合征引起的心脏性猝死

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_93_22

Jiayi Wu, Wei-jie Tang, Kai Zhang, Kai Li, Jianwen Wang, Youjia Yu, Feng Chen

{"title":"Sudden cardiac death due to long QT syndrome","authors":"Jiayi Wu, Wei-jie Tang, Kai Zhang, Kai Li, Jianwen Wang, Youjia Yu, Feng Chen","doi":"10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_93_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_93_22","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of sudden cardiac death (SCD) with a structurally normal heart remains an important challenge in forensic pathology. Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is known as an inherited or acquired channelopathy, which is characterized with prolonged QT interval, and is likely to cause SCD in young adults. In this circumstance, no specific pathological change in the heart can be found anatomically or histologically in the LQTS victims. Thus, postmortem LQTS diagnosis is mainly based on clinical manifestations and genetic testing. Here, we reported a 26-year-old woman who was found dead at home with a history of unexplained syncope. Her clinical records and an electrocardiograph (ECG) obtained 3 months before her death showed a QTc interval of 539 ms which implicates the diagnosis of LQTS. Although the autopsy and pathological examination findings lacked specificity, we noticed enhanced lipofuscin accumulation in cardiomyocytes, which might be related to LQTS. After excluding potential diseases and injuries, we made the postmortem diagnosis as LQTS according to ECG, clinical history, and forensic postmortem findings. In conclusion, we provided clinical and pathological features of an SCD case due to LQTS, which might enrich the understanding of forensic postmortem SCD diagnosis with nonstructural cardiac diseases.","PeriodicalId":36434,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"190 - 193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41561853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sudden cardiac death in forensic medicine 法医学中的心源性猝死

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_149_22

Dong Zhao, Feng Chen

引用次数: 0

Sudden cardiac death and cardiac sodium channel diseases 心源性猝死和心脏钠通道疾病

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_123_22

Wenzhao Wei, Ying Fang, N. Zhou, Qiuping Wu, Qianhao Zhao, Jianding Cheng

引用次数: 0

Analyses of N-Terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin T, and creatine kinase MB in pericardial fluid in sudden cardiac death caused by ischemic heart disease 缺血性心脏病心源性猝死患者心包液n端前脑利钠肽、心肌肌钙蛋白T和肌酸激酶MB的分析

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_124_22

Z. Cao, Tianqi Wang, Shao-Huang Wu, Zihan Liao, B. Zhu, Rui Zhao

{"title":"Analyses of N-Terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, cardiac troponin T, and creatine kinase MB in pericardial fluid in sudden cardiac death caused by ischemic heart disease","authors":"Z. Cao, Tianqi Wang, Shao-Huang Wu, Zihan Liao, B. Zhu, Rui Zhao","doi":"10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_124_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_124_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Biochemical analyses of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) have been reported to be valuable for the auxiliary diagnosis of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in previous forensic studies. Aims and Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of combined analyses of NT-proBNP, cTnT and CK-MB in the pericardial fluid for forensic diagnosis of SCD caused by ischemic heart disease. Materials and Methods: Levels of NT-proBNP, cTnT, and CK-MB in the pericardial fluid of 132 medicolegal autopsy cases were obtained through electrochemiluminescence method. Results: NT-proBNP, cTnT, and CK-MB levels were significantly elevated in SCD cases (P < 0.05). Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analysis showed that NT-proBNP, cTnT, and CK-MB have diagnostic value for the diagnosis of SCD: NT-proBNP, cutoff value of 2236 pg/ml; cTnT, cutoff value of 199.51 ng/ml; CK-MB: cutoff value of 2742.5 ng/ml, and the combined analyses of these three biomarkers have better diagnostic efficiency than each single biomarker alone. Moreover, the causes of SCD were sub-divided into acute ischemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and recurrent myocardial infarction subgroups for further analysis, which revealed that the ratio of cTnT/CK-MB could be used to distinguish AMI with the cutoff value of 0.1085 estimated by ROC analysis. Conclusion: These observations suggested that the postmortem biochemical analyses of NT-proBNP, cTnT, and CK-MB in the pericardial fluid may assist to diagnose SCD in forensic practice, and the combined analyses of multiple biomarkers have better diagnostic efficiency than each single biomarker alone. On the basis of the postmortem biochemical analyses of NT-proBNP, cTnT and CK-MB, combining the ratio of cTnT/CK-MB could be used to distinguish AMI.","PeriodicalId":36434,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"135 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48377817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exosome biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases and their prospective forensic application in the identification of sudden cardiac death 心血管疾病的外泌体生物标志物及其在心源性猝死鉴定中的法医应用前景

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_118_22

Feng Chen, Y. Wang, Jie Wang, Ling-Li Hu, Shuainan Huang, Yue Cao, Youjia Yu

{"title":"Exosome biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases and their prospective forensic application in the identification of sudden cardiac death","authors":"Feng Chen, Y. Wang, Jie Wang, Ling-Li Hu, Shuainan Huang, Yue Cao, Youjia Yu","doi":"10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_118_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_118_22","url":null,"abstract":"Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a common cause of death due to the high prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Currently, the forensic identification of SCD relies on traditional histomorphological examination, lacking stable biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity. Previous studies have shown that exosomes (Exos) are ideal vectors and the application of Exos provides novel insight as the diagnostic biomarkers and treatment of CVD, and is hot research filed in biomedicine. This review briefly describes the biology of Exos, including the biogenesis of Exos and the mechanisms of action. The research progresses on Exos multi-omics, i.e., genomics, proteomics and metabolomics, and their roles in the diagnosis of different types of CVD, especially coronary heart disease and cardiomyopathy, are summarized. In addition, the current difficulties of applications of Exos in forensic identification of SCD and the prospective forensic applications in the future are highlighted. The aim of this review is to summarize the current advances of Exos in CVD in a disease-oriented manner, and to provide a reference for future forensic pathological identification of SCD, as well as the early diagnosis of SCD in clinic.","PeriodicalId":36434,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"170 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43269592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overview of sudden cardiac deaths 心源性猝死概述

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_139_22

A. Burke

引用次数: 0