BMC Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"From knowledge to everyday food choices: a qualitative study of nutrition literacy and eating behaviors among primary school students in Sabzevar, Iran.","authors":"Ali Mehri, Malihe Seyedabadi, Shirin Shahbazi Seighaldeh, Maryam Bazargan, Mostafa Rad, Reza Shahrabadi, Hamid Jovini, Masoumeh Hashemian, Bahar Hassantabar","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01370-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01370-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nutrition literacy refers to the ability to access, understand, evaluate, and apply nutrition information to make informed dietary choices. Evidence from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) on nutrition literacy and related behaviors among schoolchildren remains limited, particularly regarding how school, home, and community environments shape these dynamics. This study explored how primary school students in Sabzevar, Iran, understand nutrition literacy and apply it in their daily eating practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive exploratory qualitative study was conducted in Sabzevar, Iran, between October 2021 and May 2022. Thirty-two students aged 10-12 years from three schools in different socioeconomic areas were recruited using purposive sampling, with limited snowball sampling to ensure variation in gender, BMI group, and socioeconomic status. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews guided by seven thematic sections and approximately 30 open-ended questions. Interviews lasted 45-60 min, were conducted in private school settings, and were audio-recorded with parental consent and child assent. Data saturation was reached after 28 interviews and confirmed with four additional interviews. Data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's content analysis, and trustworthiness was ensured using Lincoln and Guba's criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants included 18 girls and 14 boys (mean age: 11.06 years). Students demonstrated mainly functional nutrition literacy, identifying unhealthy foods and recognizing some health risks, particularly related to processed foods and food safety. However, knowledge rarely translated into healthy eating behaviors due to dependence on parents, simplified food classifications, taste preferences, peer norms, convenience, and irregular meal routines. Breakfast skipping and frequent consumption of processed snacks were common. Interactive and critical nutrition literacy skills were limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nutrition literacy among Iranian primary school students is largely functional, with a clear gap between knowledge and behavior. Bridging this gap requires multi-level interventions involving schools, families, and supportive food environments to strengthen interactive and critical literacy and promote lasting healthy eating habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13495226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148218970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of vegetarian diets on CRP: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults.","authors":"Negin Tahvilian, Azadeh Heydarian, Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01335-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01335-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing evidence suggests vegetarian diets offer several advantages over omnivorous ones. Existing research has reported findings on adherence to various types of vegetarian diets and their effects on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, but the results have been inconsistent. Current systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) was conducted to examine whether an association exists between vegetarian diets and C-reactive protein (CRP). Online databases: Scopus, ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched up to December 2022. The trials were reviewed independently by two authors to select ≥ 3 weeks of RCTs that investigated the impacts of a vegetarian diet versus an omnivorous diet in adults. Studies without a control group, sufficient CRP data, non-adult populations, or combined interventions were excluded. Any discrepancy cases were consulted with an independent reviewer. We included ten RCTs that evaluated the effectiveness of various vegetarian diets (lacto, lacto-ovo, and vegan) on CRP. The meta-analysis of 11 eligible studies involving 545 participants, illustrated that vegetarian diets did not significantly change CRP levels in comparison to the control group (Weighted Mean Difference (WMD): -0.04, 95% CI: -0.23, 0.15; p = 0.683). They're existed homogeneity among the trials (Cochran's Q test, I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.610). The subgroup analyses for intervention type, baseline CRP, and trial duration did not show statistically significant effects. Using RoB 2, five of the ten included trials showed some concerns for overall risk of bias, while the remainder were at low risk. The present study did not reveal a significant beneficial effect, regarding following the vegetarian diets on CRP. Some limitations include CRP often reported as a secondary outcome, lack of blinding, sensitivity of results to individual studies, and variability in CRP measurement methods. Carefully structured trials are still needed to endorse the present results. Trial registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023397406.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148212825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on promoting dairy consumption among high school students in Rudbar-e-Jonoob, Iran.","authors":"Maryam Amiresmaili, Mohammad Mehdi Fadakar Davarani, Seyed Vahid Ahmadi Tabatabaei, Mohabbat Mohseni, Tania Dehesh, Fatemeh Rezabeigi Davarani","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01289-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01289-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Consumption of dairy products is not sufficient in adolescents which may lead to some chronic diseases in adulthood. The present study aimed to determine the effects of an educational intervention on dairy consumption by adolscents based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quasi-experimental study was performed on 179 female students of high schools in 2022. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire consisted of 4 parts and 52 questions. These parts including demographic characteristics, knowledge, questions related to the TPB, and dairy consumption. Intervention was applied to the intervention group based on the TPB for one month. Seventeen types of interventions (10 educational and 7 health-promotion oriented). Two months after the termination of the intervention, data were recollected from the groups and analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired and independent t-tests, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Linear regression by SPSS version 21.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the intervention and control groups were 13.56 ± 0.97 and 14.31 ± 1.31 years, respectively. Twenty-four percent of the variance in predicting dairy consumption was attributed to knowledge and Constructs of the TPB. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and behavioral intention were significant predictors of dairy consumption (p<0.0001). After intervention, all TPB constructs differed significantly between the intervention and control groups (p<0.05); however, within-group analysis indicated that only Attitude (p=0.003) and dairy consumption (p=0.04) improved significantly in the intervention group after intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Theory-based educational interventions improved attitudes and increased dairy consumption in the intervention group. Therefore, it is suggested that health educators use interventions based on this theory to increase dairy consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148206411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivational factors and support systems for optimal diabetes nutritional management: a qualitative study on the experiences of individuals living with diabetes in Ghana.","authors":"Kwabena Opoku-Addai, Gwendolyn Patience Mensah, Kwadwo Ameyaw Korsah, Esther Selasi Avinu, Frank Bediako Agyei, Ellen Marfowaah Ahenkorah","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01386-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01386-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Optimal diabetes self-management by individuals living with the condition is associated with improved quality of life, proper glycaemic control, and reduced mortality rates. However, individuals living with diabetes mellitus can self-manage their condition effectively when they are well-motivated and supported. This study sought to explore the motivational factors and support systems individuals living with diabetes mellitus rely on to manage their diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed an exploratory descriptive design with a qualitative approach. The purposive sampling approach was used to recruit fifteen participants, who were attending clinic at a teaching hospital. The participants were interviewed on one-on-one basis, and the data gathered was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two main themes, namely, motivational factors for optimal diabetes nutritional management and support systems for optimal diabetes nutritional management, emerged from the data gathered with seven sub-themes (two sub-themes with six sub-sub-themes for the first theme, and five sub-themes for the second theme). The participants of this study appeared to be well-motivated intrinsically and extrinsically with factors such as longevity and dependance on God, as well as had adequate support systems such as family support to enable them engage in optimal diabetes nutritional management. Nonetheless, the support systems were not incorporated into the management of their condition by the health professionals caring for them.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Participants in this study were adequately motivated to practice proper nutritional management and had varied support systems including family support and diabetes peer support groups to do so. Thus, there is the need for health professionals to explore ways of integrating the support systems of individuals living with diabetes into their management to ensure positive health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148200321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to the MIND (Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet and depression, stress, and anxiety: a systematic review.","authors":"Mona Golmohammadi, Seyedeh Sarina Kabiri, Fatemeh Sadeghi, Sayyid Ali Mousavi Jam, Seyed Mostafa Nachvak, Vahideh Ebrahimzadeh Attari","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01305-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01305-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression and anxiety are prevalent mental disorders that contribute significantly to global disability. While the MIND diet has demonstrated benefits in preventing Alzheimer's disease, its potential impact on mental health outcomes remains unclear. This study systematically reviews evidence on the association between adherence to the MIND diet and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases up to August 2025 to identify observational and interventional studies examining the relationship between the MIND diet and depression, anxiety, or stress. Twenty one eligible studies-including eleven cross-sectional designs-were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 21 studies, twelve reported a significant inverse association between adherence to the MIND diet and depression symptoms, seven found similar associations with anxiety, and three with stress. However, findings were inconsistent, likely due to heterogeneity in study design, assessment tools, and populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current evidence suggests that greater adherence to the MIND diet may be associated with lower levels of depression and anxiety, but the overall quality and consistency of the evidence are limited. Well-designed longitudinal and clinical trials are needed to confirm these potential benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13463650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148195058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A culturally adapted, theory-based workplace educational intervention for weight management among university employees with overweight and obesity in Iraq: a quasi-experimental study.","authors":"Nasir Khadir Khalaf Hassan, Yousif Bahaadeen Ahmed Abdulla, Chnar Salahadddin Qadir","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01360-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01360-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;This study evaluated the effectiveness of a brief, Theory of Planned Behavior-based educational program on weight management and related health outcomes among university employees.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this quasi-experimental study conducted at two major universities in Erbil, Iraq, 200 employees with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m² self-selected into an intervention (n = 100) or control (n = 100) group. The intervention consisted of five individual 35-40-minute sessions delivered over 12 weeks and covered obesity awareness, culturally adapted nutrition education, physical activity, and behavior-change strategies. The control group received only standard written materials. Primary outcomes were changes in body weight, BMI, and waist circumference. Secondary outcomes included lipid profile, fasting glucose, quality of life (Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite [IWQOL-Lite]), dietary quality, and physical activity. All assessments were performed at baseline and 12 weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The intervention was associated with a mean weight loss of 7.46 kg (95% CI 6.44-8.48) compared with a gain of 0.58 kg in the control group (adjusted difference - 8.04 kg; p &lt; 0.001; Cohen's d = 2.40). 79% of intervention participants lost ≥ 5% of their initial body weight (versus 0% in controls), and 41% lost ≥ 10%. Significant improvements were also observed in BMI, waist circumference, lipid profile, quality of life, and dietary quality (all p &lt; 0.001; d &gt; 1.8). Mediation analysis indicated that improvement in dietary quality accounted for 82% of the observed association between group assignment and change in BMI.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;A brief, low-cost, culturally adapted educational intervention delivered in the workplace was associated with exceptionally large weight loss, cardiometabolic benefits, and psychosocial gains, with perfect retention. These findings suggest that this model may offer a promising approach for obesity management in Middle Eastern settings. However, confirmation in randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up is required before firm conclusions regarding scalability and effectiveness can be drawn.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Clinical trial registration: &lt;/strong&gt;The study was not prospectively registered in a clinical trial registry because it employed a quasi-experimental design with participant self-selection rather than random allocation. However, the full study protocol including all primary and secondary outcomes, eligibility criteria, intervention details, and the statistical analysis plan was finalized, approved by the Hawler Medical University Ethics Committee (reference HMU-REC-2024-18, 15 September 2024), and locked prior to the start of participant recruitment and data collection. No outcomes were added, removed, or modified after data inspection, and no post-hoc analyses were conducted beyond those pre-specified in the protocol. The manuscript adheres ","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13403818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148177072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the relationship between energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index with anthropometric indices, clinical symptoms, inflammatory markers, sleep quality and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Amirabbas Moarefian, Hadi Bazyar, Fatemeh Borazjani, Forough Nokhostin, Ahmad Zare Javid","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01380-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01380-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease causing joint inflammation, pain, and deformity, significantly impacting physical and mental well-being. Sleep disturbances and obesity exacerbate symptoms, increasing disease severity. Inflammation plays a key role in RA progression, and diet may influence inflammation. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) reflects the inflammatory potential of dietary intake, but its link to RA symptoms is unclear. This study explores DII associations with RA outcomes, sleep quality, anthropometric indices, and quality of life (QoL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 246 RA patients attending a rheumatology clinic in Ahvaz, Iran. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and the energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) was calculated. To analyze the data, we employed various statistical methods, including analysis of variance, chi-square tests, linear and Poisson regression, as well as logistic regression, as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, patients with RA (163 females and 83 males; mean age 50.40 ± 6.33 years) were evaluated. Higher E-DII was significantly associated with higher poor sleep quality across all models (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.14-1.95). Higher E-DII scores were significantly associated with increased odds of both general obesity (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.32-2.30) and central obesity (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.31-2.47). Additionally, our results demonstrated that higher E‑DII scores were significantly and directly associated with disease activity scores, CRP levels, and tender joint counts.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests that among RA patients, a higher intake of pro-inflammatory diet is linked with a higher likelihood of sleep deprivation, increased general and central obesity, and an increased tender joint counts. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm these findings and elucidate the relationship between the E-DII and these outcomes in RA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13463460/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of folic acid on homocysteine and cardiovascular surrogate biomarkers in hyperhomocysteinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.","authors":"Zhi-Ping Long, Chang-Wen Wang, Fan-Fan Sun, Shi-Bo Xu, Jun-Zhen Yan, Cheng Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01343-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01343-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To quantify the effect of folic acid supplementation on homocysteine (Hcy) levels and associated cardiovascular risk-related surrogate biomarkers in adults with hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy), and to summarise the available safety data.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42024617901) adhering to PRISMA 2020. randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that enrolled adults with Hhcy and compared folic acid monotherapy with placebo or usual care were identified in Web of Science, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library (inception-October 2024). Primary outcomes were change in plasma total Hcy and folate concentrations. Secondary outcomes included cardiovascular risk-related surrogate biomarkers: systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) and lipid profiles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Thirty-six RCTs were included. Folic acid supplementation was associated with dose-dependent reductions in tHcy levels (standardised mean difference [SMD] = - 0.99; 95% CI - 1.15 to - 0.83; I²= 90%). However, these results are statistically significant but highly heterogeneous and at substantial risk of bias, with likely overestimation of effect sizes due to small-study effects and publication bias. The largest SMDs were observed in the higher dose categories (5-15 mg/day) and after ≥ 6 months of treatment. Folate concentrations increased (SMD = 1.61; 95% CI 1.30-1.93). Statistically significant changes were observed in cardiovascular surrogate biomarkers: SBP (SMD = - 0.54), DBP (SMD = - 0.32), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (weighted mean difference [WMD] = + 1.37) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD = - 3.64). No cardiovascular adverse events were observed at doses ≤ 10 mg/day, whereas increased cardiovascular events occurred in trials using 15 mg/day (three studies; 35 events). Notably, no study provided adjudicated cardiovascular events (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular mortality), and all observed changes are limited to surrogate biomarkers rather than hard clinical endpoints. Therefore, no conclusions can be drawn regarding the reduction of clinical cardiovascular events based on the current evidence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This meta-analysis indicates that folic acid is associated with low-certainty evidence of reduced total homocysteine (tHcy) and elevated folate levels-the efficacy of folic acid in this analysis is limited to these biomarker changes-along with modest changes in blood pressure and lipid cardiovascular surrogate biomarkers in adults with hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy), with a dose-dependent safety profile: no cardiovascular adverse events were observed at doses ≤ 10 mg/day, while increased events occurred exclusively at the 15 mg/day dose. Critically, no included studies reported adjudicated cardiovascular hard endpoints (myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular mortality); target tHcy reduction rem","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13463647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety evaluation of the long-term intake of heat-killed Lactobacillus helveticus MCC1848 in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.","authors":"Takahiro Aoki, Natsumi Mutoh, Satoshi Arai, Noriyuki Iwabuchi, Yoshitaka Iwama, Miyuki Tanaka","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01379-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01379-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heat-killed Lactobacillus helveticus MCC1848 is a postbiotic, which potentially aids in maintaining a positive mood. Daily intake of heat-killed L. helveticus MCC1848 for 4 weeks by healthy adults is known to be safe. However, the safety of long-term L. helveticus MCC1848 intake has not been investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the safety of long-term intake of 25 billion heat-killed L. helveticus MCC1848 in healthy adults through a randomized controlled trial involving 40 participants. The study participants were randomly assigned to either the MCC1848 group (n = 20) or placebo group (n = 20). During a 12-week period, the MCC1848 group received the test powder containing 25 billion cells of heat-killed L. helveticus MCC1848, which is five times the minimum effective dose suggested for maintaining a positive mood. The placebo group received dextrin powder without any detectable heat-killed L. helveticus MCC1848. Safety evaluations included anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, hematological and biochemical tests, urinalysis, and adverse event monitoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No clinical issues were observed in either of the biochemical evaluations. Furthermore, no adverse events were reported due to the intake of heat-killed L. helveticus MCC1848.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study suggest that 25 billion heat-killed L. helveticus MCC1848 for 12 weeks is safe for intake in healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The clinical trial was registered as UMIN000055233 (Registration Date: August 13, 2024) in the Clinical Trials Registry of the University Hospital Medical Information Network.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between maternal food literacy and constipation prevalence in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Akane Kojima, Kanae Wada, Yuka Tanaka, Kuniyasu Kamiya, Suzuka Gokyu, Masahiko Kato","doi":"10.1186/s40795-026-01384-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40795-026-01384-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the association between maternal food literacy and constipation prevalence in preschool-aged children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 376 parents whose children attended kindergartens, child welfare facilities, and nursery schools. Maternal food literacy was identified using the validated self-perceived food literacy scale and children's constipation prevalence using the Bristol Stool Form Scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Low maternal food literacy was associated with high constipation prevalence in children. After adjusting for child age, sex, and pharmacological treatments for constipation, multivariate-adjusted ORs for mothers of constipated children compared with those of non-constipated children were: healthy snack styles for per 1-point score decrease from (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.05-2.48), daily food planning (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.05-1.87), and healthy food stockpiling (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.09-2.22). Lower total food literacy scores were associated with mothers of children with constipation (OR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.15-4.72) compared to those without.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest an association between low maternal food literacy and a high prevalence of constipation in preschool children.</p>","PeriodicalId":36422,"journal":{"name":"BMC Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13465892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}