Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-05-06DOI: 10.1007/s40818-026-00243-5
Gayoung An, Donghyun Lee
{"title":"Optimal (C^{frac{1}{2}}) Regularity of the Boltzmann Equation in Non-Convex Domains","authors":"Gayoung An, Donghyun Lee","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00243-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-026-00243-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Regularity of the Boltzmann equation, particularly in the presence of physical boundary conditions, heavily relies on the geometry of the boundaries. In the case of non-convex domains with specular reflection boundary conditions, the problem remained outstanding until recently due to the severe singularity of billiard trajectories near the grazing set, where the trajectory map is not differentiable. This challenge was addressed in Kim and Lee (Commun Pure Appl Math 77(4):2331–2386, 2024), where <span>(C^{frac{1}{2}-}_{x,v})</span> Hölder regularity was proven. In this paper, we introduce a novel <i>dynamical singular regime integration</i> methodology to establish the optimal <span>(C^{frac{1}{2}}_{x,v})</span> regularity for the Boltzmann equation past a convex obstacle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40818-026-00243-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-04-30DOI: 10.1007/s40818-026-00236-4
Allen Juntao Fang
{"title":"Linear Stability of the Slowly-Rotating Kerr-de Sitter Family","authors":"Allen Juntao Fang","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00236-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-026-00236-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we prove that the slowly-rotating Kerr-de Sitter family of black holes is linearly stable as a family of solutions to the Einstein vacuum equations with <span>(Lambda >0)</span> in harmonic (wave) gauge. This article is part of a series that provides a novel proof of the full nonlinear stability of the slowly-rotating Kerr-de Sitter family. This paper and its follow-up offer a self-contained alternative approach to nonlinear stability of the Kerr-de Sitter family from the original work of Hintz, Vasy Hintz and Vasy (Acta Math. <b>220</b>(1), 1–206 (2018a). https://doi.org/10.4310/ACTA.2018.v220.n1.a1) by interpreting quasinormal modes as <span>(H^k)</span> eigenvalues of an operator on a Hilbert space, and using integrated local energy decay estimates to prove the existence of a spectral gap. We also do not compactify the spacetime, thus avoiding the use of <i>b</i>-calculus and instead only use standard pseudo-differential arguments in a neighborhood of the trapped set; and avoid constraint damping altogether. The methods in the current paper offer an explicit example of how to use the vectorfield method to achieve resolvent estimates on a trapping background.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40818-026-00236-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-04-22DOI: 10.1007/s40818-026-00242-6
Sebastian Herr, Mihaela Ifrim, Martin Spitz
{"title":"Modified Scattering for the Three Dimensional Maxwell-Dirac System","authors":"Sebastian Herr, Mihaela Ifrim, Martin Spitz","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00242-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-026-00242-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work we prove global well-posedness for the massive Maxwell-Dirac system in the Lorenz gauge in <span>(mathbb {R}^{1+3})</span>, for small, sufficiently smooth and decaying initial data, as well as modified scattering for the solutions. Heuristically we exploit the close connection between the massive Maxwell-Dirac and the wave-Klein-Gordon equations, while developing a novel approach which applies directly at the level of the Dirac equations. The modified scattering result follows from a precise description of the asymptotic behavior of the solutions inside the light cone, which we derive via the method of testing with wave packets of Ifrim-Tataru.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40818-026-00242-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-04-02DOI: 10.1007/s40818-026-00239-1
Armin Schikorra
{"title":"Failure of Calderón-Zygmund Estimates for the p-Laplace Equation","authors":"Armin Schikorra","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00239-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-026-00239-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Let <span>(p ne 2)</span>. For any small enough <span>(r> max {p-1,1})</span> and for any <span>(Lambda > 1)</span> there exists a Lipschitz function <i>u</i> and a bounded vectorfield <i>f</i> such that\u0000</p><div><div><span>$$ {left{ begin{array}{ll} textrm{div}(|nabla u|^{p-2} nabla u) = textrm{div} (f) quad & text {in }mathbb {B}^2 u=0 & text {on }partial mathbb {B}^2 end{array}right. } $$</span></div></div><p>but </p><div><div><span>$$ int _{mathbb {B}^2} |nabla u|^r not le Lambda int _{mathbb {B}^2} |f|^{frac{r}{p-1}}. $$</span></div></div><p>This disproves a conjecture by Iwaniec from 1983.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-03-21DOI: 10.1007/s40818-026-00234-6
Nicolas Camps, Gigliola Staffilani
{"title":"Modified Scattering for the Cubic Schrödinger Equation on Diophantine Waveguides","authors":"Nicolas Camps, Gigliola Staffilani","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00234-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-026-00234-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the cubic Schrödinger equation posed on a product space subject to a generic Diophantine condition. Our analysis shows that the small-amplitude solutions undergo modified scattering to an effective dynamics governed by some interactions that do not amplify the Sobolev norms. This is in sharp contrast with the infinite energy cascade scenario observed by Hani–Pausader–Tzvetkov–Visciglia in the absence of Diophantine conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147560534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-03-16DOI: 10.1007/s40818-026-00235-5
Zihua Guo, Luc Molinet
{"title":"On the Well-Posedness of the KP-I Equation","authors":"Zihua Guo, Luc Molinet","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00235-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-026-00235-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We revisit the local well-posedness for the KP-I equation. We obtain unconditional local well-posedness in <span>(H^{s,0}({mathbb R}^2))</span> for <span>(s>3/4)</span> and unconditional global well-posedness in the energy space. We also prove the global existence of perturbations with finite energy of non decaying smooth global solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147560150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-03-06DOI: 10.1007/s40818-026-00233-7
Feng Shao, Dongyi Wei, Zhifei Zhang
{"title":"Self-Similar Algebraic Spiral Vortex Sheets of 2-D Incompressible Euler Equations","authors":"Feng Shao, Dongyi Wei, Zhifei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00233-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-026-00233-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper provides the first rigorous construction of the self-similar algebraic spiral vortex sheet solutions to the 2-D incompressible Euler equations. These solutions are believed to represent the typical roll-up pattern of vortex sheets following the formation of curvature singularities due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. Furthermore, they constitute plausible candidates for demonstrating non-uniqueness within the class of Delort’s weak solutions. The most challenging part of this paper is handling the Cauchy integral for the algebraic spiral curve, which falls outside the classical theory of singular integral operators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147363006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-03-05DOI: 10.1007/s40818-026-00232-8
Ethan Sussman
{"title":"Massive Wave Propagation Near Null Infinity","authors":"Ethan Sussman","doi":"10.1007/s40818-026-00232-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-026-00232-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study, fully microlocally, the propagation of massive waves on the <i>octagonal compactification</i></p><div><div><span>$$begin{aligned} mathbb {O}=[overline{mathbb {R}^{1,d}};mathscr {I};1/2] end{aligned}$$</span></div></div><p>of asymptotically Minkowski spacetime, which allows a detailed analysis both at timelike and spacelike infinity (as previously investigated using Parenti–Shubin–Melrose’s sc-calculus) and, more novelly, at null infinity, denoted <span>(mathscr {I})</span>. The analysis is closely related to Hintz–Vasy’s recent analysis of massless wave propagation at null infinity using the “e,b-calculus” on <span>(mathbb {O})</span>. We prove several elementary corollaries regarding the Klein–Gordon IVP. Our main technical tool is a fully symbolic pseudodifferential calculus, <span>(Psi _{textrm{de,sc}}(mathbb {O}))</span>, the “de,sc-calculus” on <span>(mathbb {O})</span>. The ‘de’ refers to the structure (“double edge”) of the calculus at null infinity, and the ‘sc’ refers to the structure (“scattering”) at the other boundary faces. We relate this structure to the hyperbolic coordinates used in other studies of the Klein–Gordon equation. Unlike hyperbolic coordinates, the de,sc- boundary fibration structure is Poincaré invariant.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40818-026-00232-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147362768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-03-02DOI: 10.1007/s40818-025-00225-z
Gui-Qiang G. Chen, Mikhail Feldman, Wei Xiang
{"title":"Low Regularity of Self-Similar Solutions of Two-Dimensional Riemann Problems with Shocks for the Isentropic Euler System","authors":"Gui-Qiang G. Chen, Mikhail Feldman, Wei Xiang","doi":"10.1007/s40818-025-00225-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-025-00225-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We are concerned with the low regularity of self-similar solutions of two-dimensional Riemann problems for the isentropic Euler system. We establish a general framework for the analysis of the local regularity of such solutions for a class of two-dimensional Riemann problems for the isentropic Euler system, which includes the regular shock reflection problem, the Prandtl reflection problem, the Lighthill diffraction problem, and the four-shock Riemann problem. We prove that the velocity is not in <span>(H^1)</span> in the subsonic domain for the self-similar solutions of these problems in general. This indicates that the self-similar solutions of the Riemann problems with shocks for the isentropic Euler system are of much more complicated structure than those for the Euler system for potential flow; in particular, the velocity is not necessarily continuous in the subsonic domain. The proof is based on a regularization of the isentropic Euler system to derive the transport equation for the vorticity, a renormalization argument extended to the case of domains with boundary, and DiPerna-Lions-type commutator estimates.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40818-025-00225-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annals of PdePub Date : 2026-02-26DOI: 10.1007/s40818-025-00229-9
Robin Ming Chen, Samuel Walsh, Miles H. Wheeler
{"title":"Desingularization and Global Continuation for Hollow Vortices","authors":"Robin Ming Chen, Samuel Walsh, Miles H. Wheeler","doi":"10.1007/s40818-025-00229-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40818-025-00229-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A hollow vortex is a region of constant pressure suspended inside a perfect fluid and around which there is a nonzero circulation; it can therefore be interpreted as a spinning bubble of air in water. This paper gives a general method for desingularizing non-degenerate steady point vortex configurations into collections of steady hollow vortices. Our machinery simultaneously treats the translating, rotating, and stationary regimes. Through global bifurcation theory, we further obtain maximal curves of solutions that continue until the onset of a singularity. As specific examples, we give the first existence theory for co-rotating hollow vortex pairs and stationary hollow vortex tripoles, as well as a new construction of Pocklington’s classical co-translating hollow vortex pairs. All of these families extend into the non-perturbative regime, and we obtain a rather complete characterization of the limiting behavior along the global bifurcation curve.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36382,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Pde","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40818-025-00229-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147341799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}