H. Matsumoto, D. Bohnenstiehl, R. Dziak, L. Williams, R. Gliege, C. Meinig, P. Harben
{"title":"A vertical hydrophone array coupled via inductive modem for detecting deep-ocean seismic and volcanic sources","authors":"H. Matsumoto, D. Bohnenstiehl, R. Dziak, L. Williams, R. Gliege, C. Meinig, P. Harben","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664085","url":null,"abstract":"A vertical autonomous hydrophone (VAUH) array useful for a long-term low-frequency underwater acoustic propagation study was developed at Oregon State University (OSU), North Carolina State University and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Pacific Environmental Lab (PMEL). To analyze the arrival structure of the hydroacoustic signals in deep water, we needed a multichannel vertical hydrophone array with relative timing accuracy of as good as 10 ms/year where no GPS or Network Time Protocol (NTP) is available. A new scheme takes advantage of Inductive Modem Modules (IMM® from Sea-Bird Electronics) and a low-power accurate clock (QT2001® from Q-Tech Corporation). With the master unit sending an accurate 1-PPS pulse train once a day to slave instruments over a single wire inductive modem/mooring cable, it synchronizes the other slaves' clocks and keeps the timing errors among the instruments less than 10msec. As compared to the timing synchronization methods based on three-wire serial or NTP network interface, it only requires an insulated single wire mooring cable using seawater as a return. It is robust, low power and useful for longterm time synchronization of multiple instruments serially connected. As a trial, an array consisting of three vertical autonomous hydrophones (VAUH) was deployed in the Lau Basin from December 2009 to April 2010 at 21° 25'12.60\"S, 176° 12'45.50\"W. Each unit was fastened on a 1000-m long 5/16\" jacketed cable with a 500 m of separation. All three VAUHs recorded continuously the low frequency acoustic signal at 250-Hz sampling rate and maintained a relative timing accuracy of less than 10 ms. The acoustic record shows that the entire region is active with seismicity and submarine eruptions. The results of the four-month long monitoring and comparison with other single hydrophone moorings in the area are discussed.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115225125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frequency diversity for active sonar/radar application and optimal receiver design","authors":"Ning Ma","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664071","url":null,"abstract":"MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) concept has been explored for radar/sonar application recently for improving target detection and estimation performance. The existing work in this direction mainly investigates the spatial diversity and waveform designs based on the assumption of the same carrier frequency for multiple transmitters. In this work, we investigate the frequency diversity by using multiple narrowband transmitters of different center frequencies. We prove that the ambiguity function for such signal is not an optimal receiver, and propose an optimal receiver for signals with different frequency components.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":" 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120827208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Target passive location by time reversal mirror using vertical array","authors":"Xueli Sheng, Fangfang Luo, Jidan Mei, Yong Guo","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664038","url":null,"abstract":"The technology of time reversal mirror passive localization is a coherent source spatially and temporally refocused method, which also can positioning object without priori information about ocean itself. Four implementations for array passive time reversal mirror (APTRM) localization technology are studied. Pool experiments and sea trials have carried out, and the results validate the feasibility and practicability of this technology. The researches indicate that environmental noise can be depressed effectively by the implementation using synthetically cross-correlation method, and the pseudo focus coursed by environment mismatch can be cut down by the improved implementations. The results also provide that the improved implementations for APTRM have good robustness and better anti-isotropic interfere ability.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"150 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127270574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sebastian Carreño, P. Wilson, P. Ridao, Y. Pétillot
{"title":"A survey on Terrain Based Navigation for AUVs","authors":"Sebastian Carreño, P. Wilson, P. Ridao, Y. Pétillot","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664372","url":null,"abstract":"Terrain Based Navigation (TBN) is a method rooted to the early cruise missile navigation systems, when GPS was not yet available. For decades, TBN has been applied as a complementary system to INS navigation for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). In the field of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), it has the potential to bound the drift inherent to dead reckoning navigation, based on INS and/or Doppler Velocity Log (DVL) sensors, as well as to make the navigation beyond the areas of coverture of the acoustic transponder networks, a reality. This paper overviews the main concepts related to TBN and present an exhaustive survey of the works reported in the literature. As a main contribution, a table comparing the motion and the measurement models, as well as the probabilistic framework used for the estimation is reported. An effort has been put on unifying the diverse nomenclature used across the surveyed works. We aim this paper to become an starting point for the researchers interested in this technology, with pointers to the most interested works in the area.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127347227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhaohui Wang, Shengli Zhou, J. Catipovic, Jie Huang
{"title":"A factor-graph based ZP-OFDM receiver for deep water acoustic channels","authors":"Zhaohui Wang, Shengli Zhou, J. Catipovic, Jie Huang","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664509","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present a factor-graph based receiver for zero-padded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ZP-OFDM) transmissions over deep water channels with extremely long delay spreads. Due to the geometric structure of deep oceans, the channel delay spread between the direct paths and surface/bottom reflections can be on the order of hundreds of milliseconds, which is usually several times larger than the ZP-OFDM block duration, leading to severe inter-block-interference (IBI). Channel time variation also introduces inter-carrier-interference (ICI). The proposed receiver addresses both IBI and ICI in a unified factor-graph representation. Data detection is performed according to the Gaussian message passing (GMP) principle which operates on the factor graph in an iterative manner. The proposed structure is further extended to the progressive/iterative framework, while the channel estimation is updated in each iteration loop. Compared with a multiuser receiver, which views overlapped blocks as coming from different users, the proposed receiver enjoys better block-error-rate performance and appealing expansion capability when multiple receiving-elements are used. Both simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the performance of the proposed receiver.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125377940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trends in low frequency ambient noise levels in the northeast Pacific Ocean","authors":"N. Chapman, A. Price","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664512","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate knowledge of trends in ocean ambient noise is important for predicting future ambient noise levels. Concern about the level of ambient noise at low frequencies and its impact on marine mammals that arose with the Heard Island Feasibility test and the subsequent Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate project, both conducted in the 1990's, continues today. Ocean noise generated at low frequencies is dominated by noise from ships, and the number and size of world shipping vessels has increased significantly since the first documentation of noise levels in the 1950s. This paper addresses the issue of the trend in low frequency ambient noise levels in the ocean over the past 50 years, and presents measurements from sites in the North Pacific Ocean that were taken in the intermediate years between the mid-1960s and the present time.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125542180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quantifying turbulence for tidal power applications","authors":"J. Thomson, B. Polagye, M. Richmond, V. Durgesh","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664600","url":null,"abstract":"Using newly collected data from a tidal power site in Puget Sound, WA, metrics for turbulence quantification are assessed and discussed. Of particular interest is the robustness of the “turbulent intensity,” defined as the ratio of velocity standard deviation to velocity mean. Simultaneously, the quality of raw ping Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data for turbulence studies is evaluated against Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) data at a point. Removal of Doppler noise from the raw ping data is shown to be a crucial step in turbulence quantification. Excluding periods of slack tide, the corrected turbulent intensity estimates at a height of 4.6 m above the seabed are 10% and 11% from the ADCP and ADV, respectively. Estimates of the turbulent dissipation rate are more variable, from 10-3 to 10-1 W/m3. An example analysis of coherent Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) is presented.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125555418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen Xu, Qing Chen, Jianlong Li, Feng Sun, Xiang Pan
{"title":"Results of a three-row synthetic aperture sonar for multipath rejection","authors":"Wen Xu, Qing Chen, Jianlong Li, Feng Sun, Xiang Pan","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5663800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5663800","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) is an emerging technology for seafloor imaging, which has an appealing property of range- and frequency-independent spatial processing resolution. However, for a low-frequency SAS system operated in shallow water environments, there are often strong sea surface and bottom reflected multipath components that interfere with the desired echo signals. Previously a steered robust Capon beamforming method (SRCB) suitable for wideband SAS signals is developed to mitigate the effect of those interferences with a small vertically-displaced hydrophone array. In this paper, we apply this approach to experimental data of a prototype SAS imaging system. The results verify the performance improvements on output image quality over conventional processing in terms of both ghost target removal and contrast enhancement.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123021278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monitoring marine mammal acoustics using Wave Glider","authors":"S. Wiggins, J. Manley, E. Brager, B. Woolhiser","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664537","url":null,"abstract":"The Wave Glider, a wave-powered unmanned maritime vehicle (UMV), represents a novel and unique approach to persistent ocean presence. Wave Gliders harvest the abundant energy contained in ocean waves to provide essentially limitless propulsion. The Wave Glider can operate as a vessel, covering long distances in the ocean, or as a station-keeping platform. Wave Gliders have demonstrated long open-ocean transits and extended deployments of up to one year. The High-frequency Acoustic Recording Package (HARP) is an autonomous data logging system optimized for long-term, broad-band marine mammal monitoring. The HARP system includes low-power electronics, high-speed data sampling, large capacity data storage, and batteries for self-contained power. In addition to housing the data logger, a hydrophone was designed to be towed behind the Wave Glider. Together, Scripps Institution of Oceanography and Liquid Robotics combined these two technologies to demonstrate a new approach to marine mammal monitoring. Providing a mobile, long-endurance and fully connected platform for acoustic monitoring, the Wave Glider with HARP enables new scientific results and improved economics. Over a series of engineering and scientific evaluations, the HARP system has proven effective for monitoring marine mammals when deployed on the Wave Glider. In this paper, we give an overview of the Wave Glider platform and integrated HARP system, and present results from the extensive engineering sea trials conducted with several prototype and production versions of the vehicle and data logger.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114157052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An investigation in dehazing compressed images and video","authors":"Kristofor B. Gibson, D. Vo, Truong Q. Nguyen","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2010.5664479","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a novel method for single image dehazing that operates at a faster speed than current methods for implementation in video enhancements. We provide a comparison of our proposed dehazing method with current state of the art methods. We then consider the effect of compression by investigating the blocking and ringing artifacts in cases of applying any dehazing method before or after compression. Based on an investigation with the JPEG model, we conclude that the best dehazing performance (with less artifacts) is achieved if the dehazing is applied before compression. Simulations for both JPEG images and H.264 compressed sequences validate our conclusion.","PeriodicalId":363534,"journal":{"name":"OCEANS 2010 MTS/IEEE SEATTLE","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114464775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}