Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Cannabis sativa – A matter of physical, mental, and social health","authors":"Célia Martins Cortez, Anderson Cortez-Calderini, Dílson Silva","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i3.3524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i3.3524","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies show that chronic marijuana use opens doors to several disorders, especially neuropsychiatric disorders. Others consider cannabinoids to be promising in therapeutic practice. Here, we present a literature review, based on selected publications on the Medline and Scielo databases, on health and cannabis use. This review aims to assist health professionals and students in understanding the growing number of marijuana users who look for help in outpatient clinics and offices. Therefore, there is an increase in the frequency of hospital admissions for psychotic disorders in clinics and specific treatment institutions. Research over the past 35 years has shown that marijuana use promotes only momentary anxiolysis. This drug alone or in combination with cigarette, when consumed for a long term, can deteriorate the user’s intellectual capacity, academic performance, and professional achievements and finally results in social isolation. The current situation demonstrates that cannabis usage is a public health issue that needs to be addressed in health policy because the majority of users get sick and lose their ability to work.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129889938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foodborne infections and food safety","authors":"S. Bhattacharyya, Chhanda Das","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i3.3586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i3.3586","url":null,"abstract":"Foodborne infections are very serious and pose a serious public health challenge, especially in the tropical countries. Toxins produced by microorganisms can lead to watery diarrhea, loose stool, or invasive diarrhea. Some proper safety practices and norms can help mitigate foodborne infections to a large extent. One needs to be vigilant and aware of food hygiene and this can help in preventing microbiological contamination in food.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129729092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis post-SARS-COV-2 vaccination with Chadox1 nCov-19 (AZD1222) – A rare case report","authors":"Meghna Sivji, Vidya Mv, T. Pratap, Muhammed Jasim Abdul Jalal","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i2.3365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i2.3365","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS, characterized by fulminant multifocal neurologic injury and distinct neuropathologic findings. \u0000Case Report: We report a case of a forty-nine-year-old female who presented with progressive weakness of right side of the body of one-week duration. Clinical, laboratory and radiological features favored demyelination. There was temporal association with taking SARS COV 2 vaccination (ChAdOx1 n cov -19 (AZD1222)). She was treated with a course of steroids and made a good recovery. \u0000Conclusion: To our knowledge this is a rare case of ADEM noticed after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222).","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129428512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding atypical laryngeal growths – A case report","authors":"M. Dutta, Abhik Ghosh, S. Chatterjee, E. Khan","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i2.3366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i2.3366","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory  papillomatosis  is  a  relatively  rare  disease  with  a  potential  for  devastating  consequences.  The  viral  etiology  of  this  condition  has  been  well  established.  Most  often,  the  wart  is  successfully  managed  surgically.  Post  surgical  removal,  there  exists  a  high  chance  of  recurrence  of  the  papilloma.  It  has  been  documented  that  surgical  removal  followed  by  an  adjuvant  therapy  helps  to  delay  the  recurrence.  Also,  the  use  of  quadrivalent  human  papillomavirus  vaccine  is  expected  to  decrease  the  incidence  of  respiratory  papillomatosis  or  help  with  treatment  of  the  disease  in  the  years  to  come.  Here  we  discuss  an  unusually  late  presentation  of  adult-onset  laryngeal  papilloma  that  was  managed  with  some  deviation  from  the  routine.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126466683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of geraniol dressing obtained from rose oil wound healing in diabetic rats","authors":"Sıddıka Ersoy, A. Türeyen, A. Kocabiyik, Y. Karakaya","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i2.3219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i2.3219","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetic foot is one of the most important chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. In this study, the aim was to investigate the healing effect of dressing with geraniol material obtained from rose oil. Materials and Methods: The experimental period of the study was carried out between June 2, 2016, and 27, 2016. Sprague-Dawley rats were used and three experimental, two control groups were formed. In the study conducted with a total of 40 rats, each group consisted of eight rats. Geraniol dressing, isotonic wet dressing, and hydrocolloid wound dressing were applied topically once a day to the first, second, and third groups, respectively. No dressing was applied to the positive and negative control groups. Index of oxidative stress of wound healing was assessed by total antioxidant status/total oxidant status measurements. Results: Due to the macroscopic results, it was determined that wound score was significantly decreased on day 3 in the first group and non-diabetic groups compared with other groups. When the microscopic findings were compared with day 0, in the first group, significant decrease of the level of collagen density and epithelization was observed on day 10. In the first group, increase in fat cells had become significant than other groups. In the CD34, SMA and vimentin staining, the first group showed superiority to other dressings. In the last measurements, the highest drop was seen in geraniol dressed and negative control groups. Conclusion: According to the study, geraniol dressed group provided similar wound healing with negative control group and showed superiority to the other products used as a standard in wound care.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"35 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114013463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soluble ST2 and its relation to inflammatory, vascular atherosclerotic, and calcification markers in patients with atrial fibrillation or heart failure at moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk","authors":"Y. Yotov, Atanas Atanasov, M. Pasheva, D. Gerova, B. Galunska","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i2.3492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i2.3492","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of death globally. Among them, heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) result in poor prognosis and quality of life. Standard methods for assessing AF and HF, through history and physical examination, have limited sensitivity and specificity, which lead to delayed diagnosis and high risk of mortality. The identification of biomarkers able to detect the early stages of disease and/or their progression is of great importance for improving the clinical outcome. As AF and HF often coexist, it would be of great importance to find a biomarker with diagnostic utility in predicting HF in AF patients. Soluble suppression of tumorigenesis-2 (sST2) is a part of the cardioprotective IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway and may serve as a candidate biomarker for HF and AF. We aimed to evaluate sST2 serum levels in patients with AF and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and to explore potential relationships with traditional CVD risk factors and with novel biomarkers for vascular calcification such as undercarboxylated matrix Gla-protein (ucMGP). Materials and Methods: This study included 99 patients stratified into three groups: HFpEF (n=19), paroxysmal or persistent AF in sinus rhythm (n=33), and control group without CVD but at moderate-to-high CVD risk (n=47). Hemodynamic and anthropometric measures, coronary artery calcification (CAC), routine laboratory parameters, circulating ucMGP, and sST2 were measured. Results: sST2 levels were highly elevated in HFpEF patients. Significant positive correlation was found between sST2 and CAC-score (r=0.237, p=0.039), negative relations with serum lipids in AF patients, and positive association with serum C-reactive protein (r=0.609, p=0.018) in HFpEF patients. Soluble ST2 positively correlates with ucMGP in the entire studied population (r=0.252, p=0.006) and in the combined CVD group (AF+HFpEF) (r=0.254, p=0.036). Conclusions: sST2 levels emerge as a novel biomarker in CVD and may have prognostic importance for HF prediction in AF patients.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121792676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAT gene deregulation and liver cancer","authors":"Dinesh Chirik, A. S","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i1.3332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i1.3332","url":null,"abstract":"Rodent models with low heterogeneity premalignant and malignant lesions provide a valuable contribution to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis in the field of research. Studies have been performed in transgenic mice, and rodent strains on signaling pathways deregulation in hepatocarcinogenesis with varying susceptibilities, and human HCC subtypes. Because ethionine, an antagonist of methionine, causes cancer and methyl-deficient diets cause steatohepatitis, followed by the development of HCC, researchers began to look into mechanisms regulating availability of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and its role in liver injury, including HCC development. Cirrhotic livers have decreased methionine adenosyltransferase (MATI/III) levels due to oxidation of cysteine residues in the ATP-binding site. MATII upregulation is inhibited by its reaction product, leading to MATI/III downregulation. Decreased MATI/III: MATII activity ratio, along with increased SAM decarboxylation for polyamine synthesis, results in decreased SAM. Some of the molecular pathways associated with specific cancer phenotypes are evolutionarily conserved, according to previous comparative functional genomics research. Cell cycle regulators (WNT/FZD, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK) and key genes (MAPK, IKK/NF-kB) are upregulated in human and rodent HCC progression. Pseudoprognostic markers for HCC include MAT1A/MAT2A switch. Changes in MAT1A expression and SAM levels occur during hepatocarcinogenesis. No evidence of SAM’s therapeutic effect on HCC has been found. The effects of stable MAT1A overexpression or MAT2A/MAT2B inhibition in vivo should be studied first. MAT2A or MAT2B-silenced HepG2 cells proliferate less in leptin. However, intracellular viral vector transduction in vivo has many limitations. This review interprets recent advances in SAM metabolism deregulation in liver injury predisposing to HCC and determining HCC prognosis.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123395752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of airborne fungi from animal establishments in and around Kolkata, West Bengal","authors":"S. Bhattacharyya, Prashil Dighe, R. Ruchi, Atul Raj, A. Banik, UK Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i1.3245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i1.3245","url":null,"abstract":" Background: Airborne transmission of pathogenic Fungi to humans from the environment, animals, or other humans are very common and cause various disease like Aspergillosis, aspergilloma (fungus ball), allergic sinusitis, and allergic bronchopulmonary disease, Flu-like illness, chronic lung disease etc.  Materials and methods: The present study was conducted to analyze fungi present in around the environment of local meat market, fish market and farms. This was determined through air quality sampling using the ‘Settle plate technique’ using SDA agar plate and were analyzed at 37°C and 25°C after incubation using Lactophenol cotton blue mount. Results: The highest number of fungi were isolated from farms (37%) followed by chicken shop (24%) , Mutton shop(23%)  and fish shops(16%). Aspergillus flavus(21%) was prominent in chicken shop while AspergIllus fumigatus(19%)  was prominent in Mutton shop. Fusarium (19%) and Rhizopus spp.(18%) were prominent in farm air. Conclusion: The study is significant from One health point of view and stresses the importance of proper ventilation , sanitation and importance of sunlight in order to minimize load of fungi in air.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114452949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinico-microbiological profile of neonatal sepsis among babies born to COVID-19 positive mothers: A study from dedicated COVID tertiary care center","authors":"K. Nirmal, Shukla Das, B. Kashyap, Subhashree Mohapatra, L. Jothisri, Sushil Srivastava, Narendra Pal Singh","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i1.3192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i1.3192","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \u0000Coronavirus disease -19 (COVID- 19)  disease, is highly transmissible, has rapidly spread worldwide since December 2019 and caused a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in humans ranging from a common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome. A major concern of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Cornonavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is vertical maternal-fetal transmission, though reported sparsely; it remains unclear whether these occurred via the transplacental, transcervical route or through environmental exposure. \u0000Aim and objectives: \u0000To study the Clinico-microbiological profile and COVID status of neonates having sepsis, born to COVID-19 positive mothers in a tertiary care Covid -19 hospital. \u0000Material & Methods: \u000050 cases of neonatal sepsis born to COVID-19 positive mothers admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) (January to May 2021) at a COVID dedicated tertiary care hospital. Two ml of venous blood drawn aseptically and inoculated aseptically into a Brain heart Infusion broth (BHIB) containing blood culture bottle. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed on all the bacterial isolates as per the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines 2021. \u0000Statistical analysis: A p-value of P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS 19) .software was used for statistical analysis. \u0000Result: \u0000Bacteremia was observed in 44 patients (88%), whereas 12% patients grew yeast. Among the gram positive isolates from the blood culture, 80% susceptibility was observed for Teicoplanin and Clindamycin. While 84% of the Gram negative microorganisms were susceptible to piperacillin with Tazobactam and cotrimoxazole. Of the 6 Candida isolates, non Candida albicans species was more common (66 %). \u0000Conclusion: The current body of evidence from high-burden COVID-19 areas globally suggests that co-infections are common, particularly in severe cases.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116722855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality and its correlation with diagnostic tests and treatment modalities in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children admitted in tertiary care hospital of North India","authors":"Dr. Rakesh Kumar Sharma, Dr Ambika Sood, K. Azad, Deepak Sharma, Sanya Sharma","doi":"10.32677/ejms.v7i1.3276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32677/ejms.v7i1.3276","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study aimed to describe mortality and its correlation with diagnostic tests and treatment modalities among children admitted as a case multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study for MIS-C from January to July 2021, in the pediatric ward of a tertiary care hospital in North India. All children admitted with the diagnosis of MIS-C were included in the study. Data regarding sociodemographic factors and mortality were extracted and analyzed using Epi Info V7 software. Results: In the present study, a total of 31 children admitted as a case of MIS-C were included in the study. Of these, 23 (74.2%) were discharged after full recovery, 5 (16.1%) died during treatment, and 3 (9.7%) left the hospital against medical advice. Children presenting with severe illness, acidosis, azotemia, Hb<10gm%, Leukocytosis, abnormal RFTs, lipid profile, thrombocytopenia, deranged coagulogram, abnormal ECG, required pediatric intensive care, inotropic support, IVIG, Aspirin, LMWH, had a shorter hospital stay and a higher mortality. Statistical significance was seen with deranged renal function, thrombocytopenia, abnormal ECG, use of LMWH, and respiratory support. Conclusion: Mortality was significantly higher in children having shorter hospital stay <1 week, presenting with severe illness and deranged RFTs, thrombocytopenia, abnormal ECG, and requiring respiratory support, ventilatory support, and taking LMWH.","PeriodicalId":363370,"journal":{"name":"Eastern Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130273782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}