Forensic Science International: Reports最新文献_第5页

A proof-of-concept study into turmeric spice as an improvised fluorescent latent fingermark detection powder for limited resource jurisdictions 姜黄香料作为一种临时荧光潜在手印检测粉末的概念验证研究

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100413

Thais Lópes , Maame Gyamfuah Buckman , Georgina Sauzier , Rodrigo M. Barros , Simon W. Lewis

{"title":"A proof-of-concept study into turmeric spice as an improvised fluorescent latent fingermark detection powder for limited resource jurisdictions","authors":"Thais Lópes , Maame Gyamfuah Buckman , Georgina Sauzier , Rodrigo M. Barros , Simon W. Lewis","doi":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Latent fingermarks are a crucial form of physical evidence for crime scene investigations; however, limited-resource jurisdictions, such as some states in Brazil, face challenges in identifying fingermarks due to lower access to commercial fingermark developers. The study of unconventional and alternative techniques for fingermark detection that are low-cost, easily available, and sustainable in line with the UN SDGs presents great value for under-resourced jurisdictions. Household items and easily available materials such as spices fit perfectly in such contexts as improvised fingermark powders. Turmeric is a globally accessible culinary spice which contains high levels of the fluorescent compound curcumin. This research reports for the first time the application of turmeric spice powder as fluorescent dusting powder for latent fingermark detection. Turmeric spice powders from different sources were evaluated for their performance as dusting powders and were subsequently characterised by optical microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. All turmeric powders exhibited high fluorescence intensities and were demonstrated to be suitable as fluorescent fingermark powders without further processing, though specimens with homogeneous particle size distribution and pure turmeric composition performed better. These preliminary results indicate that turmeric is a suitable fingermark powder without further modification and is a potential alternative to commercial powders for jurisdictions with limited resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36331,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of tooth loss on sexual dimorphism of South African mandible using geometric morphometrics 用几何形态计量学研究南非下颌骨牙齿脱落对两性异形的影响

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100421

Tshegofatso Ramphaleng , Brendon Billings , Jason Hemingway

{"title":"The effect of tooth loss on sexual dimorphism of South African mandible using geometric morphometrics","authors":"Tshegofatso Ramphaleng , Brendon Billings , Jason Hemingway","doi":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The human mandible is one of several sexually dimorphic bones and provides moderate to high accuracy in the estimation of sex during forensic application. Mandibular morphology changes in response to aging and tooth loss and few studies have considered the effect of these factors on sex estimation. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of tooth loss on the accuracy of estimating the sex of the mandible. The sample includes 196 mandibles of South African Black people of African descent. Seventy-nine mandibles had full dentition and 117 had various degrees of tooth loss. Fixed and semi-sliding 3D landmarks were used to outline non-alveolar mandibular morphology. The alveolar region was scored for the presence or absence of antemortem tooth loss. Two-sample permutation tests assessed the presence of sexual dimorphism and discriminant analysis was used to illustrate sexual dimorphism and to estimate the accuracy of sex allocations. Mandibles with full dentition and tooth loss had higher sex allocation accuracies, but the difference was greater among those with tooth loss than observed in fully dentate mandibles. Males displayed a broader mandibular arch, ramus flexure, ante-gonial notches, and longer coronoid processes compared to females in both the dentate and edentate mandibles. The accuracy of sex estimation was comparable between the tooth loss sample (86.8 %) and the full dentition sample (85.4 %). Thus, mandibles with tooth loss exhibit sufficient sexual dimorphism to estimate sex accurately using both qualitative and quantitative methods in a South African population. (231)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36331,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment of performance parameters for the Qubit™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay for use in forensic genetics casework 建立用于法医遗传学案例工作的Qubit™1X dsDNA HS测定的性能参数

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100405

Adele Lauren Kaleigh Naidoo , Donna-Lee Pamela Martin , Laura Jane Heathfield

{"title":"Establishment of performance parameters for the Qubit™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay for use in forensic genetics casework","authors":"Adele Lauren Kaleigh Naidoo , Donna-Lee Pamela Martin , Laura Jane Heathfield","doi":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Next generation sequencing is being more regularly used in forensic casework, particularly for post-mortem genetic analyses in sudden unexpected death cases. Accurate quantification of DNA and associated sequencing libraries is essential, however, no validation studies have been published on the recommended fluorometric quantification methods. The aim of this study was to optimise and internally validate the Qubit™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay Kit on the Qubit™ 4 Fluorometer as part of a molecular autopsy workflow for forensic applications. An optimised working solution equilibration period, sample incubation time and dilution medium were established. The optimised workflow was then used to assess the DNA concentration of control Lambda DNA, DNA extracted from forensic samples and sequencing libraries. The accuracy, precision, dynamic range, and sensitivity were established in accordance with ISO 17025 standards. All parameters met the manufacturer’s criteria of acceptance except for the precision of measurements for samples with DNA concentrations greater than or equal to 0.5 ng/µl, which were expected to have less than 1 % CV. The precision of the measurements (1.2–2.44 % CV), however, was deemed acceptable for our laboratory, as downstream DNA sequencing results surpassed quality thresholds. Additionally, precision between operators was poor. This study has advanced our progression towards implementing a molecular autopsy sequencing workflow in South Africa and provides the first performance parameters for the Qubit™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay Kit which may be useful for other laboratories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36331,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-destructive sampling of poison frogs for toxin analysis in forensic casework 法医案件中毒蛙毒素分析的无损取样

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100414

Irene Kuiper, Aleksandar Dragutinovic, Leo Peschier, Rene de Bruyn

{"title":"Non-destructive sampling of poison frogs for toxin analysis in forensic casework","authors":"Irene Kuiper, Aleksandar Dragutinovic, Leo Peschier, Rene de Bruyn","doi":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poison frogs is the common name for several genera of frogs which occur naturally in Central- and South-America, Australia and Madagascar and which contain a wide variety of toxins. Their colourful appearance and minute size resulted in their extraction from their natural habitat for illegal trade, threatening population sizes. In order to fight this illegal trade, the poison frog’s ability to excrete environmentally acquired toxins via their skin can be used in criminal investigations. Since the frogs are not able to produce the toxins de novo, these alkaloid toxins have ultimately originated from their environment and are excreted through the skin, especially when stressed. Due to the reliance on a toxin-containing food source, we show that the presence of toxins in poison frogs can be used to distinguish between captive breeding and wild-capture in actual forensic case work. We describe the application of a gas chromatography-mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis on non-destructively derived samples from living frogs in five seizures, the biological interpretation of presence and absence of toxins and the criminalistic interpretation of the findings given propositions of both the prosecutor and the defendant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36331,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Technical note: Parameters of bloodstain pattern spatial reconstruction in manual vs. computer-aided data acquisition 技术说明：手工与计算机辅助数据采集的血迹模式空间重建参数

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100418

Zack Kowalske , David T. Snively , Abdulrahman Oleiwi , Graham Williams

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of latent tuberculosis and mycobacterial infections in medicolegal cases with pleural adhesions: An observational study 医学上的胸膜粘连病例中潜伏结核和分枝杆菌感染的患病率：一项观察性研究

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100406

Jayanthi Yadav , Ujjawal Khurana , Shubham Richariya , Shashank Purwar , Sangita Moirangthem , Johann Aibantyllilang Blah

{"title":"Prevalence of latent tuberculosis and mycobacterial infections in medicolegal cases with pleural adhesions: An observational study","authors":"Jayanthi Yadav , Ujjawal Khurana , Shubham Richariya , Shashank Purwar , Sangita Moirangthem , Johann Aibantyllilang Blah","doi":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective and Background</h3><div>Pleural adhesions, fibrous bands between pleural layers, are common in autopsies and often associated with Tuberculosis (TB). This study aims to determine the prevalence of latent TB and mycobacterial infections in medicolegal cases with pleural adhesions. The focus is on various diagnostic approaches and implications of the study for TB management in a high-burden setting like India.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>The observational study spanned two years, involving 743 autopsies at AIIMS Bhopal. Tissue samples from 82 cases with pleural adhesions were analyzed after obtaining consent and a detailed history. Diagnostic methods, including direct smear microscopy, Mycobacteria Growth Indicator (MGIT), Lowenstein–Jensen (LJ) media, and PCR, were employed.</div></div><div><h3>Observation</h3><div>Of 164 cases with pleural adhesions, 15 (18.29 %) were positive for Mycobacterium, including 11 MTB and 4 NTM cases. Diagnostic methods revealed the challenges in detecting latent TB. Incidental diagnoses were prevalent, emphasizing the need for heightened awareness. Advanced techniques (MGIT, LJ, PCR) improved detection rates. The study highlights latent TB's impact in India, suggesting the importance of research, surveillance, and interventions for effective TB control. Addressing latent TB becomes crucial in global eradication efforts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study emphasizes India's TB burden, with pleural adhesions acting as clinical markers. Incidental diagnoses and the role of latent TB in the population underscore the need for enhanced research and diagnostic strategies. Diagnostic challenges, including limited symptoms, necessitate advanced techniques. The study discusses the multifaceted challenge of latent TB diagnosis and the importance of interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36331,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Considerations arising from a case of cannibalism: A forensic autopsy report 一宗同类相食案引起的考虑：一份法医尸检报告

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2024.100403

Naoto Tani , Tomomi Michiue , Aya Matsusue , Takaki Ishikawa

{"title":"Considerations arising from a case of cannibalism: A forensic autopsy report","authors":"Naoto Tani , Tomomi Michiue , Aya Matsusue , Takaki Ishikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.fsir.2024.100403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsir.2024.100403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cannibalism represents an individual of a species eating another of the same species and is a widely recognized phenomenon in many species. Issues surrounding the existence of human cannibalism have long been debated and motivations for consuming human tissue have been divided into three types: ritual, survival, and pathological. Individuals who engage in such practices are usually either severely mentally ill or suffering from a significant paraphilia. In the present case, an autopsy was performed on a victim of cannibalism in her 20 s. The suspected male perpetrator had been found dead at the same time, and autopsy revealed parts of the victim’s breast and tongue in the stomach of the suspect. DNA analysis of stomach contents confirmed that they belonged to the female victim. The present case involved a murder targeting a woman, and the female genitalia were cut off and partially eaten, suggesting pathological cannibalism. In addition to significant paraphilia, the male suspect in this case may have also had psychological aspects such as identification. When encountering such murders, cannibalism may need to be considered, particularly if parts of the victim’s body are missing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36331,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishing a system of professional self-government of forensic scientists in Ukraine 在乌克兰建立法医专家专业自治制度

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100412

Nataliia Martynenko

{"title":"Establishing a system of professional self-government of forensic scientists in Ukraine","authors":"Nataliia Martynenko","doi":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article highlights the experience of establishing and operation of the system of professional self-government of forensic scientists in the UK and France. The relevance of the issues studied in the article is due to the need to ensure strategic self-governance in the field of forensic science in Ukraine, which will involve all the main stakeholders. It is emphasized that there is a current need to reform forensic science activity. The author proposes a model of professional self-government of forensic scientists which will take into account: the system of subjects of forensic science activity operating in the state; the possibility of ensuring effective exercise of professional rights and protection of professional interests of forensic scientists, whether public or private, etc. The article substantiates the expediency of establishing the following organizational forms of self-government of forensic scientists: working groups of forensic scientists by type of forensic examination; the Council of Forensic Scientists of Ukraine; and the Congress of Forensic Scientists of Ukraine. It is proposed to name the professional self-governing organization that will unite all forensic scientists of Ukraine – the Forensic Science Academy of Ukraine. From this perspective, the author proposes amendments to the current Law of Ukraine “On Forensic Expertise”. The author concludes that organizations which exercise professional self-government of forensic scientists should lobby for the interests of their profession and perform a wide range of public functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36331,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International: Reports","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143592588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Causal analysis of vertebral artery dissection and fatal stroke following chiropractic cervical spine manipulation 颈椎推拿后椎动脉夹层及致死性脑卒中的原因分析

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2024.100400

Steven P. Brown

引用次数: 0

Necrophilia a case report from Mozambique 莫桑比克报告一例恋尸癖

Forensic Science International: Reports Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2025.100407

Katia Robledo Querol , Bonifacio Rodrigues Cebola , Susanna Caminada , Manuel González Rodríguez , Enani Rogerio Uamusse , Nolton Francisco Jeque , Justin Stebbing , Samantha Lundringan , Damiano Pizzol , Lee Smith

引用次数: 0