Global Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of medication adherence and glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes and influencing factors: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Budi Suprapti ,&nbsp;Zamrotul Izzah ,&nbsp;Ade Giriayu Anjani ,&nbsp;Mareta Rindang Andarsari ,&nbsp;Wenny Putri Nilamsari ,&nbsp;Cahyo Wibisono Nugroho","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aimed to assess medication adherence, glycemic control, and their influencing factors among outpatients at an Indonesian clinic with type 2 diabetes.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes at a hospital-based clinic in Surabaya, Indonesia, from September to December 2018. A purposive sampling was used; patients aged 18 years and older, had diabetes and any comorbidity, received hypoglycemic agents, and provided written informed consent were included. The previously validated Brief Medication Questionnaire was used to measure medication adherence, while glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) levels were used to evaluate glycemic control. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with medication adherence and glycemic control.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of 321 patients enrolled in the study, 268 (83.5%) patients were medication nonadherent. Patients who did not engage regularly in physical activity (aOR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26–0.93) was more likely to be medication adherent. Poor glycemic control (A1C: &gt;7%) was observed in 106 (33.0%) of the patients. Patients who used a combination of oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin (aOR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.09–6.86), did not take biguanide (aOR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.16–6.43), reported hyperglycemia (aOR: 4.24, 95% CI: 1.53–11.81), and had comorbid diseases (aOR: 4.33, 95% CI: 1.08–17.34) increased the risk of having poor glycemic control. Patients who were more likely to achieve good glycemic control were male (aOR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.20–0.74) and aged older (aOR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.99).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The proportion of patients who were medication nonadherent was much higher than those with poor glycemic control. Whereas regular exercise was a predictor of nonadherence, age, sex, diabetes medication, not taking biguanide, acute complications, and comorbidity were predictors of poor glycemic control. Therefore, strategies are needed to improve medication adherence and glycemic control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10446000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of animal source foods, cardiovascular disease history, and health behaviors from the national health and nutrition examination survey: 2013–2016","authors":"Adam Eckart ,&nbsp;Amir Bhochhibhoya ,&nbsp;James Stavitz ,&nbsp;Pragya Sharma Ghimire ,&nbsp;Kathleen Mathieson","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Some individuals adopt vegetarian or plant-based diets to improve their health. Observational evidence suggests diets composed of higher amounts of animal-source foods (ASFs) are associated with increased risk for disease and early mortality. In many of these studies, those who ate fewer animal-source foods reported fewer disease risk factors and unhealthy behaviors, which could indicate bias.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study aims to examine the relationships between ASF consumption, health behaviors, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence in a population-representative sample of U.S. civilians controlling for confounders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Respondent data were collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2016 collection years. Collected data included demographics, ASF intake, healthy lifestyle variables, body mass index, and blood lipids.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was a higher proportion of those with CVD history who consumed red meat (61.3%; C.I. 41.7%–77.8%), but the proportion was lower for white (23.3%; C.I. 12.6%–39.0%) and processed meat (15.4%; C.I. 6.5%–32.3%). When adjusted for sex, the odds of CVD history increased for red meat compared to processed meat consumption (OR 2.95; C.I. 1.14–7.66). Unhealthy lifestyle increased the odds of CVD history by nearly 8-fold (OR 7.8; C.I. 3.44–17.7). Individual factors including age, smoking history, body mass index, and blood lipids, and demographic factors, including education level, race, and income, were also associated with increased odds for CVD history. ROC analysis revealed 77.2% AUC for CVD history classified by individual factors (BMI ≥30 kg/m**2, ≤ 30 min moderate physical activity, smoker, fiber intake ≤25 g, dental visit more than two years ago, and age above 60 years). Three or more factors moderately predicted CVD history when optimized for sensitivity (73.4%) and specificity (71%). Adjusted for sex, the relationship between CVD and moderate physical activity became stronger possibly reflecting lifestyle changes. Despite evidence of lifestyle changes, modifiable risk factors persisted in the CVD group. CVD diagnosis in males was substantially delayed compared to females concerning the sex-specific age cutoff associated with higher risk. The healthy lifestyle group was characterized by earlier CVD diagnosis and fewer overall risk factors compared to the unhealthy lifestyle group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>CVD history was strongly associated with demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors. Future research should focus on multidimensional models for disease risk stratification and prevention, including individual, behavioral, and sociodemographic factors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e0/f4/main.PMC10446117.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of study quality in aspartame and cancer epidemiology study reviews","authors":"Julie E. Goodman,&nbsp;Elyssa G. Anneser,&nbsp;Adory Khandaker,&nbsp;Denali N. Boon","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Toews et al. [1] and the World Health Organization (WHO) [2] reviewed observational epidemiology studies of non-sugar sweeteners (NSSs) and various health effects. The former used the Risk of Bias in Non-randomised Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool and the latter used both the ROBINS-I tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to evaluate study quality. Both reviews concluded that there were no associations between NSS or aspartame consumption and cancer (except possibly between saccharin and bladder cancer) but indicated that the certainty of the evidence for all cancer types was “very low.” While we agree with this conclusion, the support for the confidence in the evidence generally was not transparently documented, as the results of the study quality assessment were only provided in scores or ratings. An examination of illustrative case studies shows that some important aspects of study quality domains specific for NSSs generally or aspartame specifically (i.e., issues with the exposure and outcome assessments, the consideration of confounding/covariates, and selection bias) may have been overlooked or not given appropriate consideration, while other aspects that were less likely to have a large impact on overall study quality dominated the results in the two assessments. Our review of other studies published after the WHO [2] review further demonstrates this point. While this may not seem important given the overall lack of associations, it impacts the degree to which evidence supports a lack of effects as opposed to not being adequate to evaluate associations. In the future, aspartame and cancer outcome reviews should focus on those study quality domains that are most likely to impact the interpretation of results and discuss them in a transparent, systematic manner. If there is very low certainty in the evidence as a result of low study quality, reviewers should conclude the evidence is inadequate for making a causal determination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b2/77/main.PMC10445957.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating time-dependent contact: a multi-strain epidemiological model of SARS-CoV-2 on the island of Ireland","authors":"Tsukushi Kamiya ,&nbsp;Alberto Alvarez-Iglesias ,&nbsp;John Ferguson ,&nbsp;Shane Murphy ,&nbsp;Mircea T. Sofonea ,&nbsp;Nicola Fitz-Simon","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mathematical modelling plays a key role in understanding and predicting the epidemiological dynamics of infectious diseases. We construct a flexible discrete-time model that incorporates multiple viral strains with different transmissibilities to estimate the changing patterns of human contact that generates new infections. Using a Bayesian approach, we fit the model to longitudinal data on hospitalisation with COVID-19 from the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland during the first year of the pandemic. We describe the estimated change in human contact in the context of government-mandated non-pharmaceutical interventions in the two jurisdictions on the island of Ireland. We take advantage of the fitted model to conduct counterfactual analyses exploring the impact of lockdown timing and introducing a novel, more transmissible variant. We found substantial differences in human contact between the two jurisdictions during periods of varied restriction easing and December holidays. Our counterfactual analyses reveal that implementing lockdowns earlier would have decreased subsequent hospitalisation substantially in most, but not all cases, and that an introduction of a more transmissible variant - without necessarily being more severe - can cause a large impact on the health care burden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10159265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10067353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding predictors of mental health and substance use treatment utilization among US adults: A repeated cross-sectional study","authors":"Jaskiran Dhinsa ,&nbsp;Andres Roman-Urrestarazu ,&nbsp;Robin van Kessel ,&nbsp;Keith Humphreys","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Understanding discrepancies in mental health and substance use treatment utilization can help identify inequities in access to health services. We investigate mental health and substance use treatment utilization as function of demographic and social determinants, as well as pre-existing mental health and substance use disorders.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this repeated cross-sectional study, we used the 2017–2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data on US adults above age 18. Two logistic regression models were conducted, using predictors of age, gender, race/Hispanicity, sexual identity, education, insurance, family income, and past year mental health and substance use disorders, with outcomes of mental health or substance use treatment utilization. Weighted estimates of substance use disorders and insurance types and Pearson's correlation tests of vulnerability among age, gender, and treatment type were reported.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p>Racial minorities, uninsured populations, sexual minorities, and females had lower odds of receiving mental health treatment, while older populations, lower income groups, and dual eligible enrollees had higher odds. Individuals with substance use disorders but no mental illness had higher odds of receiving mental health treatment. Those utilizing mental health treatment were mostly of high income, privately insured, and using cannabis, cocaine, and opioids. Older populations, men, and Medicaid only enrollees had higher odds of receiving substance use disorder treatment, whereas racial minorities had lower odds. Distribution of income, insurance type, and substance use were more widespread than mental health treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>Mental health treatment can be used as an avenue for substance use treatment, particularly opioid use disorders. It is important to target vulnerable populations, like racial minorities and uninsured populations to improve access to mental health and substance use treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c0/91/main.PMC10445987.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10109830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The changing profile of SARS-CoV-2 serology in Irish blood donors","authors":"Dermot Coyne ,&nbsp;Dearbhla Butler ,&nbsp;Adrienne Meehan ,&nbsp;Evan Keogh ,&nbsp;Pádraig Williams ,&nbsp;Alex Carterson ,&nbsp;Tor Hervig ,&nbsp;Niamh O'Flaherty ,&nbsp;Allison Waters","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The present study aimed to investigate the progression of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Ireland over the first three waves of infection.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A selection of blood donor serum samples collected between February 2020 and December 2021 were analysed by various commercially available serological assays for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 (<em>n</em> = 15,066).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>An increase in seropositivity was observed between wave 1 (February to September 2020) and wave 2 (November and December 2020) of 2.20% to 3.55%. A large increase in estimated seroprevalence to 11.89% was observed in samples collected in February and March 2021 (wave 3 of infection).The rate of seropositivity varied by age group, with the highest rate observed in the youngest donors (18–29 years) peaking at 18.79% in wave 3. The results of spike antibody (anti-S) testing indicated that 44/1009 (4.36%) of seroreactive donors in wave 3 had a serological profile consistent with vaccination. By November 2021, we detected an overall seropositivity of 97.04%.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The present study provides a comprehensive estimation of the level of circulating SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Irish blood donors, enabling differentiation between vaccination and natural infection, as well as real-time monitoring of the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ireland. Seroepidemiology has a role in determining reliable estimates of transmission, infection fatality rates and vaccine uptake. The continued screening of blood donors for this purpose has the potential to generate important data to assist with the management of future waves of SARS-CoV-2.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10121150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9745630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas cooking and respiratory outcomes in children: A systematic review","authors":"Wenchao Li ,&nbsp;Christopher Long ,&nbsp;Tongyao Fan ,&nbsp;Elyssa Anneser ,&nbsp;Jiayang Chien ,&nbsp;Julie E. Goodman","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The most recent meta-analysis of gas cooking and respiratory outcomes in children was conducted by Lin et al. [<span>93</span>] in 2013. Since then, a number of epidemiology studies have been published on this topic. We conducted the first systematic review of this epidemiology literature that includes an in-depth evaluation of study heterogeneity and study quality, neither of which was systematically evaluated in earlier reviews. We reviewed a total of 66 relevant studies, including those in the Lin et al. [<span>93</span>] meta-analysis. Most of the studies are cross-sectional by design, precluding causal inference. Only a few are cohort studies that could establish temporality and they have largely reported null results. There is large variability across studies in terms of study region, age of children, gas cooking exposure definition, and asthma or wheeze outcome definition, precluding clear interpretations of meta-analysis estimates such as those reported in Lin et al. [<span>93</span>]. Further, our systematic study quality evaluation reveals that a large proportion of the studies to date are subject to multiple sources of bias and inaccuracy, primarily due to self-reported gas cooking exposure or respiratory outcomes, insufficient adjustment for key confounders (e.g., environmental tobacco smoke, family history of asthma or allergies, socioeconomic status or home environment), and unestablished temporality. We conclude that the epidemiology literature is limited by high heterogeneity and low study quality and, therefore, it does not provide sufficient evidence regarding causal relationships between gas cooking or indoor NO₂ and asthma or wheeze. We caution against over-interpreting the quantitative evidence synthesis estimates from meta-analyses of these studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1f/6e/main.PMC10446006.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can ChatBots do Epi?","authors":"Richard Rothenberg ,&nbsp;George Maldonado","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5e/b2/main.PMC10446106.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic response strategies and threshold phenomena","authors":"Pieter Streicher ,&nbsp;Alex Broadbent","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper critically evaluates the Suppression Threshold Strategy (STS) for controlling Covid-19 (C-19). STS asserts a “fundamental distinction” between suppression and mitigation strategies, reflected in very different outcomes in eventual mortality depending on whether reproductive number <em>R</em> is caused to fall below 1. We show that there is no real distinction based on any value of <em>R</em> which falls in any case from early on in an epidemic wave. We show that actual mortality outcomes lay on a continuum, correlating with suppression levels, but not exhibiting any step changes or threshold effects. We argue that an excessive focus on achieving suppression at all costs, driven by the erroneous notion that suppression is a threshold, led to a lack of information on how to trade off the effects of different specific interventions. This led many countries to continue with inappropriate intervention-packages even after it became clear that their initial goal was not going to be attained. Future pandemic planning must support the design of “Plan B\", which may be quite different from “Plan A\".</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10080859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9310077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The gas stove-childhood asthma kerfuffle: A teaching opportunity","authors":"Louis Anthony Cox Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloepi.2023.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several recent news stories have alarmed many politicians and members of the public by reporting that indoor air pollution from gas stoves causes about 13% of childhood asthma in the United States. Research on the reproducibility and trustworthiness of epidemiological risk assessments has identified a number of common questionable research practices (QRPs) that should be avoided to draw sound causal conclusions from epidemiological data. Examples of such QRPs include claiming causation without using study designs or data analyses that allow valid causal inferences; generalizing or transporting risk estimates based on data for specific populations, time periods, and locations to different ones without accounting for differences in the study and target populations; claiming causation without discussing or quantitatively correcting for confounding, external validity bias, or other biases; and not mentioning or resolving contradictory evidence. We examine the recently estimated gas stove-childhood asthma associations from the perspective of these QRPs and conclude that it exemplifies all of them. The quantitative claim that about 13% of childhood asthma in the United States could be prevented by reducing exposure to gas stove pollution is not supported by the data collected or by the measures of association (Population Attributable Fractions) used to analyze the data. The qualitative finding that reducing exposure to gas stove pollution would reduce the burden of childhood asthma in the United States has no demonstrated validity. Systematically checking how and whether QRPs have been addressed before reporting or responding to claims that everyday exposures cause substantial harm to health might reduce social amplification of perceived risks based on QRPs and help to improve the credibility and trustworthiness of published epidemiological risk assessments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36311,"journal":{"name":"Global Epidemiology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10446003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}