Journal of Hydrology最新文献

{"title":"Watershed sediment load modeling based on runoff erosion energy","authors":"Lu Jia, Zhanbin Li, Kunxia Yu, Peng Li, Guoce Xu, Yongjun Zhao, Binbin Li, Ronghua Liu, Qi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132694","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, severe soil erosion in river basins presents critical challenges for watershed management and environmental sustainability. Traditional sediment load models often fail to accurately capture sediment dynamics in watersheds due to limited understanding of the energy mechanisms driving soil erosion and their relationship with human activities and other influencing factors. To address this gap, a watershed sediment load model based on runoff erosion power was developed and improved, and then validated using long-term daily observation data from 9 typical watersheds in the Yellow and Yangtze River Basins. Results demonstrate that the runoff erosion power is a superior predictor of sediment load, with a <ce:italic>R</ce:italic><ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> of regression equation between runoff erosion power and sediment load being higher than rainfall erosivity and runoff in 78 % of the typical watersheds at both annual and monthly scales. At both multi-year and annual scales, the binary mixed distribution can effectively fit the nonlinear distribution characteristics of sediment load across different flow grades, with both theoretical and empirical cumulative probabilities achieving an <ce:italic>R</ce:italic><ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> of over 0.90. A significant increase in reservoirs and vegetation is likely a major factor contributing to changes in sediment load within the catchment (<ce:italic>p</ce:italic> &lt; 0.05), showing a highly negative correlation with sediment load in all typical watersheds on an annual scale. The inclusion of engineering and vegetation indexes further improves model accuracy, achieving NSE values between the 50th percentile of the simulated sediment loads from the improved model and observed values above 0.76 on both annual and monthly scales across all watersheds, with the maximum value reaching 0.97. Notably, the overall accuracy on the monthly scale is higher than on the annual scale. This study offers quantitative evidence supporting the integration of runoff erosion energy, engineering, and ecological processes in sediment modeling, thereby advancing the scientific understanding of sediment dynamics and promoting sustainable watershed management under changing environmental conditions.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the influence of hydroclimatic factors on streamflow: A multi-model data-driven approach","authors":"Khandaker Iftekharul Islam, James Matthew Gilbert","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132684","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change impacts water supply dynamics in the Upper Rio Grande (URG) watersheds of the US Southwest, where declining snowpack and altered snowmelt patterns have been observed. While temperature and precipitation effects on streamflow often receive the primary focus, other hydroclimate variables may provide more specific insight into runoff processes, especially at regional scales and in mountainous terrain where snowpack is a dominant water storage. The study addresses the gap by examining the mechanisms of generating streamflow through multi-modal inferences, coupling the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) techniques. We identified significant streamflow predictors, exploring their relative influences over time and space across the URG watersheds. Additionally, the study compared the BIC-BMA-based regression model with Random Forest Regression (RFR), an ensemble Machine Learning (RFML) model, and validated them against unseen data. The study analyzed seasonal and long-term changes in streamflow generation mechanisms and identified emergent variables that influence streamflow. Moreover, monthly time series simulations assessed the overall prediction accuracy of the models. We evaluated the significance of the predictor variables in the proposed model and used the Gini feature importance within RFML to understand better the factors driving the influences. Results revealed that the hydroclimate drivers of streamflow exhibited temporal and spatial variability with significant lag effects. The findings also highlighted the diminishing influence of snow parameters (i.e., snow cover, snow depth, snow albedo) on streamflow while increasing soil moisture influence, particularly in downstream areas moving towards upstream or elevated watersheds. The evolving dynamics of snowmelt-runoff hydrology in this mountainous environment suggest a potential shift in streamflow generation pathways. The study contributes to the broader effort to elucidate the complex interplay between hydroclimate variables and streamflow dynamics, aiding in informed water resource management decisions.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical and health implications of rare earth elements in groundwater: A review","authors":"Huaming Guo, Haiyan Liu, Olivier Pourret, Myongchol Ri, Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132704","url":null,"abstract":"Rare earth elements (REEs) are increasingly accumulated in groundwater due to anthropogenic activities, but their fate, hydrogeochemical behavior, and health impacts remain poorly understood and regulated. We have systematically reviewed the scientific literature over the last decades concerning sources, geochemical processes, potential tracer, and health impacts of REEs in groundwaters. REEs in groundwaters are mainly sourced from bedrock and occasionally from anthropogenic activities. Geochemical processes, including redox processes, complexation, adsorption, and desorption, modify REE signatures in groundwater. Redox conditions can change the redox state of Ce and result in anomalies, which can reflect redox processes in groundwater systems. We systematically concluded that REE concentrations and patterns can be used to delineate sources and geochemical processes of geogenic redox-sensitive elements in groundwater (such as arsenic and uranium). Anthropogenic REEs from wastewater, fertilizer, mining, and solid waste can be introduced into groundwater systems, which disturbs the natural REE signatures. We disentangled that delineating groundwater contamination and tracing related geochemical processes can be beneficial from differentiating geogenic REE signatures from anthropogenic REE disturbance. Long-term consumption of low-dose REE-bearing drinking water is suggested to cause diverse significant damage to human health. Novel investigations are required to perform on pathways of REE intake, potential mitigation measures, and drinking water guidelines for REE concentrations to minimize their health impacts. Future studies are needed to better understand environmental behavior and epidemiological impacts of anthropogenic REEs in groundwaters.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a slope-scale innovated rainfall-runoff model by combining infiltration equation and motion wave equation for watershed flash flood risk prediction","authors":"Libo Wang, Xianglong Dai, Guoqiang Wang, A. Yinglan, Chiyuan Miao, Baolin Xue, Yuntao Wang, Yi Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132700","url":null,"abstract":"The significant increase in precipitation instability caused by global climate change has increased the probability of flash flood risk and attracted widespread attention. Due to the suddenness and destructiveness of flash flood risks, it is urgent to construct a minute-level rainfall-runoff model. Therefore, this study takes the slope as the basic response unit and combines slope experimental observation data to create a rainfall-runoff model that combines the infiltration equation and motion wave equation. The outbreak of flash flood disasters is simplified into the results of multiple slope rainfall-runoff processes, achieving simulation and prediction of slope runoff after rainfall. The essential findings of the study are as follows: (1) The accuracy of the slope rainfall-runoff model can arrive at 0.72, which can achieve minute-level rainfall-runoff simulation; (2) Through model simulation, the key factors affecting the rainfall-runoff process are as follows: rainfall intensity &gt; soil bulk density &gt; soil water suction &gt; slope; (3) Meanwhile, we found that the focus of flash flood risk prevention and control is whether flash floods will occur and their destructiveness. Therefore, special attention should be paid to three corresponding indicators including runoff response time, runoff speed, and runoff threshold. At the same time, key environmental factors should also be studied to determine their influence. This study has important guiding significance for accurate risk prediction and prevention and control in high flash flood front areas.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glacial melting explained lake expansion toward drying climate phase on the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Rong Wang, Yuanbo Liu, Yongwei Liu, Ruonan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132685","url":null,"abstract":"Lakes are commonly accepted as a sensitive indicator of regional climate change, including the Tibetan Plateau (TP). This study took the Ranwu Lake, located in the southeastern TP, as the research object to investigate the relationship between the lake and regional hydroclimatological regimes. The well-known Budyko framework was utilized to explore the relationship and its causes. The results showed air temperature, evapotranspiration and potential evapotranspiration in the Ranwu Lake Basin generally increased, while precipitation, soil moisture, and glacier area decreased. The Budyko space indicated that the basin experienced an obviously drying phase first, and then a slightly wetting phase. An overall increase in lake area appears inconsistent with the drying phase of the basin climate. The inconsistency is attributable to the significant expansion of proglacial lakes due to glacial melting, possibly driven by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Our findings should be helpful for understanding the complicated relationships between lakes and climate, and beneficial to water resources management under changing climates, especially in glacier basins.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport of heat, water, and salts in freeze–thaw soils under flood irrigation: Experiment and simulation","authors":"Ganwei Guo, Xiao Tan, Yuxin He, Jinchuan Guo, Jin Yu, Wenhua Zhuang, Chao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132688","url":null,"abstract":"The seasonal freeze–thaw irrigation district faces severe soil and secondary salinization, which is closely related to the water, heat, and salt transport in freezing soils under flood irrigation/irrigation-induced ice cover. A flood irrigation experiment was conducted in lysimeters at the Yonglian Station, Hetao Irrigation District, in December 2020 (late irrigation). The three treatment lysimeters were irrigated with 270, 135, and 35 mm of water (TL270, TL135, and TL35), and no irrigation was performed in the control lysimeter (CL). An in-situ observation of soil water, heat, and salt in the lysimeters was then carried out until May 2021. The applicability of the SHAW model was also investigated by scenario analysis in which the irrigation was regarded as rainfall, snowfall, and no irrigation, respectively. The results showed that compared with the initial water storage before irrigation, the final water storage in the 0–40 cm soil layer decreased by 40.0 %, 29.2 %, 21.7 %, and 19.6 % in TL35, TL135, CL, and TL270, respectively. Although soil surface evaporation increased in lysimeters with irrigation, the rapid freezing of infiltrating water cooled by melting the frozen layer significantly reduced percolation losses during the early freezing period, resulting in better water conservation in TL135 and TL270. Compared with the initial salt storage, the final salt storage in the 0–40 cm soil layer decreased by 64.4 % in TL270, and increased by 84.6 %, 44.1 %, and 17.8 % in CL, TL135, and TL35, respectively. The irrigation of over 135 mm was sufficient to melt the frozen soil layer, allowing irrigation water to be retained in the deeper soil layer. As the soil continues to freeze, the prolonged freezing and significant matric potential gradient between the upper freezing front and the lower moist soil drive soil water and salt to move upward. However, it was insufficient to leach down the soil salt, eventually accumulating salt during the early freezing period. Although the water efficiency for saving water (<ce:italic>WUE<ce:inf loc=\"post\">wc</ce:inf></ce:italic> of 52.4 %) and salinization prevention (<ce:italic>WUE<ce:inf loc=\"post\">sp</ce:inf></ce:italic> of 54.3 %) at 35 mm is not the best, considering the water resource limitations and the crop’s salt tolerance, 35 mm is acceptable. This indicates that late irrigation has the potential for further water savings beyond the recommended quota in early irrigation. The SHAW model is less effective in simulating the soil water, heat, and salt transport in the three treatment lysimeters due to the neglection of the detailed subprocesses such as energy equilibrium of ponded water and frozen soil, ice cover forming, soil deformation, etc. Future studies on integrating the subprocesses during autumn irrigation in freezing soils with the SHAW model and developing a proper autumn irrigation regime based on it are recommended.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced understanding on spatial and dependence properties of rainfall extremes and storm tides in coastal cities","authors":"Jiao Yuan, Feifei Zheng, Yiran Wang, Huan-Feng Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132693","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the coastal flood risk, it is essential to study the spatial properties of rainfall extremes and the effects of storm tides. This paper investigates the spatial analysis of extreme rainfall across different coastal cities and examines the dependence analysis between rainfall extremes and storm tides. A bivariate threshold excess model and an enumeration method were employed to conduct the spatial analysis and dependence study. Focusing on the Modaomen estuary in Zhuhai City within the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), which plays a crucial role in the economic development of China, this research analyzes observed data from one tide station and eleven rainfall stations. The main findings are as follows: (1) the number of joint events from multiple rainfall stations consistently exceeds the expected outcomes under null hypothesis; (2) increasing the duration enhances the strength of extreme rainfall dependence and reduces spatial variability; (3) the region is prone to the combined effects of rainfall extremes and storm tides, with storm tides showing the highest dependence on 24-hour duration extreme rainfall; and (4) this dependence strength significantly increases at the typhoon season between July and September. The proposed method and its findings offer an in-depth understanding and quantification of coastal urban flood risk within the GBA of China.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface water infiltration and sediment degradation shaping dissolved organic matter in groundwater related to chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology","authors":"Xianjiang Zeng, Wei He, Qiutong Shi, Sandun Sandanayake, Meththika Vithanage, Jun Yao, Huaming Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132699","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic kidney disease of unknown cause (CKDu) poses a serious threat to the life safety of people in many countries. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater has been proposed to be a potential pathogenic factor of CKDu, but its sources are still controversial. Herein, the combination of excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry was used to reveal the shaping of groundwater DOM predominantly by water-soluble sedimentary organic matter (WSOM) and surface water DOM. Compared to sediments from non-CKDu areas, WSOM in CKDu-endemic areas exhibited lower degrees of humification and aromaticity, but higher bioavailability, indicating a weaker degree of biodegradation. CKDu groundwater contained more exogenous DOM, which mainly originated from the infiltration recharge of surface water DOM, but non-CKDu groundwater was more enriched in biogenic DOM, which mostly stemmed from the biodegradation of WSOM in aquifer sediments. During groundwater recharge, aromatic compounds and unsaturated compounds in surface water were directly migrated into groundwater, especially in CKDu groundwater. Peptides, aliphatic, and unsaturated compounds with low oxygen in aquifer sediments were mostly transformed into biogenic groundwater DOM by in-situ biodegradation, especially in non-CKDu groundwater. This study highlights the shaping of the features of groundwater DOM related to CKDu by recharge of surface water OM.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"389-393 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensemble modeling of the two-dimensional stochastic confined groundwater flow through the evolution of the hydraulic head’s probability density function","authors":"Joaquín Meza, M. Levent Kavvas","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132689","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater storage in aquifers has become a vital water source due to water scarcity in recent years. However, aquifer systems are full of uncertainties, which inevitably propagate throughout the modeling computations, mainly reducing the reliability of the model output. The fundamental science problem this study addresses is the development of a two-dimensional stochastic confined groundwater flow model, which determines the time–space evolution of the ensemble mean<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>and ensemble variance of the flow field over a model domain under uncertain parameters and uncertain sink/source conditions.<ce:hsp sp=\"0.25\"></ce:hsp>This is achieved by linking the stochastic partial differential equation that governs the confined aquifer flow to a non-local Lagrangian-Eulerian extension to the Fokker-Planck equation (LEFPE). In the form of the LEFPE, the resulting deterministic governing equation describes the spatio-temporal evolution of the probability density function of the state variables in the confined groundwater flow process by one single numerical realization instead of requiring thousands of simulations in the Monte Carlo approach. As will be shown in the paper’s text, the time–space evolving ensemble mean and ensemble variance of the flow process are then obtained from the pdf of the state variable (hydraulic head) of the process that is determined from the solution of the LEFPE of the process under specified initial and boundary conditions. As such, in the developed methodology, no assumption is made on the distribution of the time–space varying pdf of the flow process, which is obtained from the solution of the LEFPE of the process under specified initial and boundary conditions. Consequently, the groundwater flow process’s mean and standard deviation behavior can be modeled under uncertainty in the transmissivity field and recharge and/or pumping conditions. In addition, an appropriate numerical method for LEFPE’s solution is subsequently devised. Then, its solution is presented, discussed, and illustrated through a numerical example, which is compared against the results obtained by means of the Monte Carlo simulations. Results suggest that the proposed model appropriately characterizes the time–space evolving ensemble mean and variance the ensemble behavior in confined groundwater systems under uncertainty in the transmissivity field.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple and high-accuracy method for minute-level water demand forecasting in district metering areas","authors":"Haidong Huang, Guangqi Que, Meiqiong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132698","url":null,"abstract":"Minute-level water demand forecasting (MWDF) is important for smart scheduling and leakage detection in district metering areas (DMAs). In recent years, deep learning-based methods have gained increasing attention. However, these methods often encounter challenges owing to numerous hyperparameters and substantial data requirements. To address these issues, this paper introduces a novel method based on one bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) layer, aiming to provide a simple and reliable solution for achieving high-accuracy prediction in MWDF. A new sample construction method and a hybrid scheduling strategy for learning rates were developed to enhance prediction performance. Furthermore, a novel optimization algorithm known as the hiking optimization algorithm was employed to optimize several important hyperparameters for the BiLSTM model. Data sampled at intervals of 15 min were collected from two different DMAs to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method. A comparison between the proposed method and other commonly used methods was also conducted. The results show that the proposed method can yield remarkably accurate and stable forecasts with a 15-min time step, even in situations where the sample size is relatively small (e.g., the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) reaches 0.90% for DMA2, which contains only 2880 observations). Moreover, the proposed method outperforms the methods used for comparison in terms of forecasting accuracy and stability. These findings suggest that the proposed method can serve as a simple and reliable tool for smart scheduling and leakage detection in DMAs.","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"205 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}