Journal of Hazardous Materials最新文献

{"title":"Association of plasma metals with total burden of cerebral small vessel disease: Evidence from China","authors":"Lei Zheng ,&nbsp;Hao-Long Zeng ,&nbsp;Ying Hui ,&nbsp;Feipeng Cui ,&nbsp;Yudiyang Ma ,&nbsp;Jianing Wang ,&nbsp;Linxi Tang ,&nbsp;Meiqi Xing ,&nbsp;Shuohua Chen ,&nbsp;Liming Cheng ,&nbsp;Shouling Wu ,&nbsp;Zhenchang Wang ,&nbsp;Yaohua Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exposure to metals has been found to be harmful to health. However, there is currently a lack of evidence on the effect of metals on cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Based on the Multi-modality MEdical imaging sTudy bAsed on KaiLuan Study, we did a cross-sectional study with 1206 participants. CSVD burden was assessed via scores from four markers: lacunes, white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, and enlarged perivascular spaces. We measured 17 plasma metals, used ordered/binary logistic models to test their associations with CSVD burden/presence, and Quantile g-computation model to estimate multi-metal combined effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Plasma concentrations of Cadmium (Cd), Cesium (Cs), Copper (Cu), and Lead (Pb) were positively associated with total CSVD burden, whereas no metals were associated with the presence of CSVD. A significant mixture association of multiple metals with total CSVD burden was observed [OR (95 % CI)= 1.18 (1.04, 1.34)], with positive weights contributed by Cd (16.6 %), Cs (15.7 %), Pb (14.4 %), and Cu (13.8 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study indicated that plasma metals, especially Cd, Cs, Cu, and Pb, are positively correlated with CSVD, providing epidemiological evidence to support the further exploration of metals’ potential role as risk factors for CSVD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141457"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146198567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid metabolic dysregulation: A novel developmental toxicity pathway of aged nanoplastics via inhibition of lipophagy in zebrafish","authors":"Wanjing Liu ,&nbsp;Sihong Long ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Wen ,&nbsp;Mingjie Yang ,&nbsp;Haoran Hu ,&nbsp;Yufan Pan ,&nbsp;Chunhua Zhan ,&nbsp;Fei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread occurrence of micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) in ecosystems poses significant environmental challenges. Although environmentally aged MNPs predominate, their developmental toxicity remains poorly understood. We demonstrate that both pristine and aged polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) induce abnormal lipid accumulation and impair early development in zebrafish larvae. Lipidomics revealed aged PSNPs significantly increased triglycerides via disrupted glycerophospholipid metabolism. Mechanistically, aged PSNPs did not alter LC3-II/LC3-I ratios but upregulated RAB7 and p62 while downregulating lysosomal biogenesis regulator <em>TFEB</em>. They also reduced <em>ATG5</em>, essential for autophagosome formation via LC3 lipidation. These molecular alterations, together with lysosomal inhibition assays, functionally support lysosomal dysfunction as a key constraint on lipophagy. This impairment inhibits lipid utilization, promotes accumulation, and disrupts development. Critically, aged PSNPs caused stronger disruption than pristine particles despite both interfering with lipophagy. Our study provides mechanistic insights into the developmental toxicity of UV-aged PSNPs in zebrafish, highlighting the importance of considering aging-related changes in nanoplastic risk evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Synopsis</h3><div>Aged nanoplastics exacerbate developmental toxicity in zebrafish by suppressing lipophagy to drive lipid accumulation, underscoring ecological risks in aquatic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141465"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146198454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green composite hydrogel coupling regulated with waste aluminum sludge and biomass for highly selective Pb(Ⅱ)-removal","authors":"Lingxiao Lu ,&nbsp;Zifan Liu ,&nbsp;Qiang Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhi Qian ,&nbsp;Cailiang Yue ,&nbsp;Li Song ,&nbsp;Qing Zhou ,&nbsp;Fuqiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The highly selective removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from complex wastewater is crucial for effectively treating lead-containing industrial wastewater. Herein, a composite hydrogel adsorbent (LSS-SA) was synthesized by modifying waste Al-rich sludge via free radical polymerization of sodium lignosulfonate (LS) and acrylamide, followed by encapsulation within a sodium alginate (SA) matrix. The LSS-SA possessed a fibrous network morphology and exhibited a 192.70 % increase in specific surface area compared to pure SA. Notably, LSS-SA demonstrated exceptional selectivity for Pb(Ⅱ) against competing divalent metals (Zn(Ⅱ), Cd(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ)), achieving maximum selectivity coefficients of 67.78, 63.60, and 159.94, respectively. The high selectivity for Pb(Ⅱ) was primarily attributed to strong coordination with sulfonic acid groups and amino groups. The adsorbent also demonstrated strong anti-interference capability against co-existing ions, excellent regenerability (above 95.14 %) and low cost ($ 841.36/t). These results, together with dynamic column studies and simulated wastewater tests, collectively demonstrate the potential of LSS-SA as an efficient and sustainable adsorbent for treating actual lead-containing wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141478"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146210367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-integrated metal-organic frameworks/multi-walled carbon nanotubes sensor array for real-time detection of fungal VOCs","authors":"Yelim Choi ,&nbsp;Seonghwan Kim ,&nbsp;Daekeun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological hazards posed by indoor fungi present significant challenges due to their hidden growth and the limitations of conventional detection methods. As an alternative, microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) offer a non-invasive proxy for early-stage fungal contamination. This study presents a multi-modal gas sensor platform integrating metal-organic framework (MOF)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites with machine learning algorithms for real-time MVOC detection. Three MOF/MWCNT composites—ZIF-8/MWCNT, Cu-BTC/MWCNT, and UiO-66/MWCNT—were coated on three sensor types: quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), resistive sensor (RS), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The sensor array was evaluated through exposure to single compounds, gas mixtures, and headspace emissions from common indoor fungi (i.e., <em>Aspergillus</em>, <em>Cladosporium</em>, and <em>Penicillium</em>). Ethanol, 2-butanone, and benzene were selected as test compounds. For single-gas detection, the random forest classification model achieved 95 % accuracy. For gas mixtures, the CatBoost regression model yielded R² values of 0.59 (ethanol), 0.93 (2-butanone), and 0.79 (benzene). Headspace sampling from fungal cultures enabled accurate classification of fungal emission versus control samples, achieving a classification accuracy of 0.963 using the Catboost model. These results confirm the feasibility of indirect, data-driven fungal detection using gas-phase signals. This work demonstrates a proof-of-concept sensing platform that holds promise for scalable and adaptive applications in indoor air quality monitoring. Future efforts will focus on scaling up MOF-composite synthesis and developing portable devices for early warning of microbial contamination in high-risk environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141493"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146209139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the migration mechanism of heavy metals in the supercritical water gasification of coal","authors":"Hao Sun,&nbsp;Jiayi Yu,&nbsp;Zhiwei Ge,&nbsp;Liejin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global energy demand continues to grow, coal remains an essential energy source. Nevertheless, its utilization leads to the emission of hazardous heavy metals, which pose significant risks to both the environment and human health. Current research on the behavior of heavy metals during the supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of coal remains insufficient. This study explores the transformation mechanisms of heavy metals Mn, Zn, Cu, and Pb during SCWG through a combination of experimental analysis and thermodynamic modeling. Experiments were conducted at temperatures ranging from 500 to 660 ℃, with reaction durations between 1 and 45 min, and coal concentrations from 10 to 30 wt%. The results demonstrate that process optimization substantially enhances heavy metal stabilization. Specifically, Cu exhibits maximal stabilization at 620 ℃; prolonged reaction time facilitates Zn volatilization; and reducing coal concentration to 10 wt% decreases the proportion of stable Mn and Cu species by approximately 50 %. The addition of a catalyst further improves the stabilization of Mn, Zn, Cu, and Pb. Thermodynamic simulations reveal temperature-dependent speciation trends and dominant migration pathways. These findings offer valuable insights for promoting cleaner coal utilization technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141512"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146209052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidomics profiling with instrumental variable analysis revealed distinct causal effect of exposure to ambient ozone and fine particulate matter on circulating lipids","authors":"Mingjing Gao ,&nbsp;Hao Cai,&nbsp;Yingmei Li,&nbsp;Yacan Huang,&nbsp;Yueru Yang,&nbsp;Yuxiang Hu,&nbsp;Jiaxin Zhong,&nbsp;Yushuang Wang,&nbsp;Sihan Wang ,&nbsp;Ling Liu,&nbsp;Gaokun Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lipid metabolism has been suggested as a major mechanism underlying air pollution-associated health hazards, but evidence remains limited. Based on targeted lipidomics profiling of 161 lipid species, we conducted observational and instrumental variable analyses, the latter using planetary boundary layer height (PBLH), wind speed, thermal inversion, and sea level pressure as instrumental variables and a two-stage regression process, to examine the causal associations of ambient ozone (O₃) and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) exposure with 161 circulating lipids in 3881 middle-to-elderly aged Chinese adults. We found that, both O₃ and PM_2.5 exposures were more strongly associated with lipids in long-term than short-term (61 and 38 vs 34 and 8 significant associations), and glycerophospholipids showed most extensive associations with both O₃ and PM_2.5 exposure. For O₃ exposure, we identified an association pattern that triacylglycerols (TAGs) positively associated with short-term O₃ exposure were containing shorter fatty acid chains and less double bonds, while those showing negative associations were with longer fatty acid chains and higher level of unsaturation, the latter consistently being observed in the long-term exposure scenario. We also observed more pronounced association of O₃ and PM_2.5 exposure with their associated lipids under high-level co-exposure of each other, consistently in direction between observational and instrumental variable analyses, although significance was achieved in one of the analyses (<em>P</em> for interaction &lt; 0.05). Our findings provided evidence on the novel, plausibly causal, lipid implications of O₃ and PM_2.5 exposure, and new mechanistic clues regarding the involvement of lipid metabolism in health hazards induced by the exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141455"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146160689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota modulate metformin phytoremediation and stress responses in Lemna minor","authors":"Marcelo Pedrosa Gomes ,&nbsp;Leticia Malinoski ,&nbsp;Leila Teresinha Maranho ,&nbsp;Daniella Nogueira Moraes Carneiro ,&nbsp;Vinicius Sobrinho Richardi ,&nbsp;Marcela Galar Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phytoremediation of pharmaceuticals by aquatic plants is influenced by both plant physiology and microbial interactions. This study investigated how microbial symbiosis modulates the uptake, transformation, and physiological responses of <em>Lemna minor</em> to metformin. Plants were cultivated under axenic and non-axenic conditions and exposed to 10, 50, and 100 µg/L metformin for 7 days. Both systems removed &gt; 99 % of metformin from water, but exhibited distinct accumulation patterns, stress biomarkers, and metabolic profiles. Axenic plants accumulated 2.1-fold more metformin and 1.7-fold more guanylurea, a key metformin metabolite, at 100 µg/L, along with increased oxidative stress (↑MDA) and elevated cytochrome P450 activity. Non-axenic systems exhibited extracellular guanylurea concentrations up to 0.9 µg/L, indicating a reliance on intrinsic detoxification pathways. Guanylurea was detected in both plant types, but appeared in water only under non-axenic conditions, suggesting microbial-mediated excretion. Principal component analysis revealed that guanylurea accumulation was correlated with elevated P450 activity, lipid peroxidation, and hormonal shifts, especially in axenic plants. These results confirmed that <em>L. minor</em> can biotransform metformin independently of microbes, albeit with a greater physiological burden. Microbial presence mitigates stress and enhances extracellular degradation. Overall, the data demonstrate complementary roles of plants and microbiota, with microbiota reducing internal contaminant load and protecting plant homeostasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141427"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"pH-driven integrated impacts of the calcium sulfite/Fe(VI) system: In-depth insights into active species evolution and mechanisms","authors":"Kunyu Chen ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiang Cheng ,&nbsp;Weikang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingwei Huang ,&nbsp;Congwei Luo ,&nbsp;Xinsheng Luo ,&nbsp;Peijie Li ,&nbsp;Yan Jin ,&nbsp;Daoji Wu ,&nbsp;Ruimin Mu ,&nbsp;Jinsuo Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The CaSO₃/Fe(VI) system was demonstrated to efficiently degrade emerging contaminants under alkaline conditions. However, the integrated impacts of pH-driven mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated the degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) in both buffer solution (BS) and deionized water (DW) by conducting comparative experiments under varying pH conditions, evaluating the pH-driven degradation efficiency and mechanisms, and clarifying the integrated impacts of pH variations in the CaSO₃/Fe(VI) system. The results indicated that pH significantly influenced the degradation performance and kinetics of the CaSO₃/Fe(VI) system toward SAs, identifying neutral pH as the optimum condition. The dynamic increasing in pH in DW enhanced the oxidation capacity under acidic conditions. In neutral and alkaline conditions, Fe(V) was the primary active species, while alkaline conditions favored radical generation. Conversely, acidic conditions favored the formation of Fe(IV) as the predominant species. Furthermore, the active sites of SAs were identified, and degradation pathways were proposed, confirming that the process simultaneously achieves contaminant removal and toxicity reduction. In terms of engineering implications, the CaSO₃/Fe(VI) system offers a highly competitive treatment cost of only 0.45 CNY/m³, while also reducing chemical dosage requirements in potential processes such as coagulation and disinfection. Moreover, the end products SO₄²⁻ and Fe(III) both promote coagulation, demonstrating broad application potential. Such findings underscore the significance of pH in the CaSO₃/Fe(VI) system, elucidate the integrated impacts of pH-driven mechanisms, and provide data support for engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141439"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new and low-cost magneto-sensing strategy based on multi-functional core-shell gold nanoparticles towards biorecognition of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate","authors":"Elif Burcu Aydın ,&nbsp;Muhammet Aydın ,&nbsp;Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this research, an innovative, highly selective, and label-free impedimetric biosensor based on the magnetosensing strategy was designed for the detection of bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP). The magnetosensing platform was prepared using multi-functional core-shell gold magnetic nanoparticles (conjugated thiophene copolymer (<em>P(TNhs-co-Edot)</em>) decorated <em>Fe</em>_<em>3</em><em>O</em>_<em>4</em><em>@Au MNPs</em>) as the matrix material and the DEHP aptamer as the biorecognition element. The DEHP analytes interacted directly with a fixed quantity of DEHP aptamers on the <em>Fe</em>_<em>3</em><em>O</em>_<em>4</em><em>@Au/P(TNhs-co-Edot) MNPs</em> and caused changes in electrochemical response. This specific interaction caused an increase in the charge transfer resistance (R_ct) of the electrode, which was employed as a useful indicator to determine the DEHP concentration. The aptasensor displayed an impedimetric response to DEHP within a concentration range of 1–500 pg/mL with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.30 pg/mL. The biosensor displayed acceptable repeatability (low relative standard deviations (RSDs), &lt; 5.08) and reproducibility (low RSDs, &lt;5.80), good selectivity, and long storage stability (71.52 % activity after 7 weeks). Moreover, this approach was employed for the detection of migrated DEHP in common plastic items into water sources, real water, and food samples. The recoveries obtained using the biosensor ranged from 95.51 % to 104.16 %, and the RSDs were less than 5.64 %. Our findings displayed that the current aptasensor was a promising option for use in migration tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141414"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low phosphorous and polyethylene microplastics synergistically increase Cd uptake in Lolium rigidum: Insights into underlying mechanisms","authors":"Xunzhe Yang ,&nbsp;Ping Yun ,&nbsp;Shuo Liu ,&nbsp;Haiqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yonghong Zhou ,&nbsp;Sergey Shabala ,&nbsp;Yinglong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination poses serious risks to plant productivity and human food safety. Farmlands contaminated with Cd are often simultaneously affected by microplastics (MPs) and low phosphorus (LP) availability. This study investigated the combined effects of Cd, LP, and polyethylene microplastics (PE) on Cd uptake in two ryegrass (<em>Lolium rigidum</em>) genotypes, WALR60 and SULR1, contrasting in their sensitivity to PE stress. Both LP and PE treatments significantly enhanced Cd accumulation in plants. A synergistic interaction between LP and PE further increased Cd uptake and impaired plant growth, with the genotype SULR1 showing particular sensitivity to PE stress. Mechanistically, LP and PE promoted Cd^2 + influx, likely through Ca²⁺-permeable channels, and upregulated key metal transporter genes such as <em>NRAMP5</em> and <em>IRT1</em>. Furthermore, PE altered the subcellular distribution of Cd in the sensitive genotype by reducing its sequestration in the cell wall and increasing its accumulation in organelles, thereby enhancing cellular toxicity. Interestingly, for elements such as P and Ca, no significant three-way interaction (Cd × LP × MP) was observed; instead, the combined effect was best presented as Cd + LP × MP. The significant Cd × LP × MP effect on biomass of the sensitive genotype may result from the integrated regulation of multiple physiological networks. Overall, this study provides new insights into plant adaptive responses under combined Cd, LP, and MP stresses, contributing to a better understanding of complex pollution scenarios in agricultural soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"505 ","pages":"Article 141410"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}