Environmental and Sustainability Indicators最新文献

{"title":"Estimating a national critical mineral security index in Indonesia using analytical hierarchy process","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Critical minerals are key to guaranteeing energy security and economic stability in a nation. Indonesia, as the largest country in Southeast Asia, has significant reserves of critical minerals. The current circumstances, however, pose substantial challenges for Indonesia as it strives for self-sufficiency in various sectors. Indonesia must pay attention to its natural resource management, especially that of critical minerals. This study aims to present information on securing critical mineral resources in Indonesia by constructing a Critical Mineral Security Index (CMSI). This study used a quasi-qualitative method, wherein the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used as the process of analysis. A total of four dimensions have been proposed in this study—availability, accessibility, technology-efficiency, and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) dimensions with a total of 29 indicators. The results of the AHP confirm that the security level of critical mineral resources in Indonesia is 5.57. The results indicate that the availability dimension has the highest weight compared to the other dimensions, equal to 47.6%. While the accessibility dimension has the lowest level of resistance. The government should, therefore, prioritize improving the indicators of accessibility dimensions. These results have policy implications for the energy and mineral sector in the future, to further reinforce energy and mineral security on a national scale, which may ultimately support transition energy in Indonesia and strengthen national defense.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural sustainability assessment in Fars province of Iran through the lens of the elimination multi-criteria decision-making method","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The main objective of the present research was to assess agricultural sustainability through the lens of the Elimination Method. Iranian wheat farmers in Fars province comprised the population of the study. Smapling table of Krejcie and Morgan was applied to estimate the statistically plausible sample size. A stratified sampling approach was used for selecting sampling randomly. The research instrument included a structured questionnaire. A panel of experts approved the face and content validities. Average Variance Extracted (AVE), Composite Reliability (CR), and items correlations were used to confirm the convergent validity of the constructs. The average shared squared variance (ASV) and the maximum shared squared variance (MSV) criteria were applied to examine the divergent validity of constructs. Employing the Elimination Method to assess agricultural sustainability in four counties of Fars revealed that Marvdasht is the most sustainable area for the development of wheat cultivation. Because it was able to fulfill 16 indicators out of 23 indicators of agricultural sustainability. The high level of productivity and efficiency of the wheat crop in this region is one of the main reasons for the relatively high sustainability of wheat production practices. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that Darab was the second most suitable region for developing wheat production. Based on the Elimination Method, the region was able to fulfill six indicators out of 23 agricultural sustainability assessment indicators. According to the results of ranking alternatives using the Elimination Method, the two counties of Kazeroun and Eghlid could not acceptably fulfill indicators of agricultural sustainability. In other words, it seems that these two regions are not suitable for the development of wheat production in Fars province. In the end, it was recommended that the Elimination Method can be a useful approach for urgent decision-making and agricultural managers and decision-makers in Fars province should focus more intensively on the development of wheat production in Marvdasht.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copper concentration in the vineyard and forest topsoils. A comparative study with individual pollution indices","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study objectives were to evaluate the soil pollution with Copper (Cu) for different land uses, namely the cultivated and abandoned vineyards, the stripped soil from the abandoned vineyard, and the topsoil under forest vegetation, using individual pollution indices. Soil samples were systematically collected from the A horizon in both cultivated and abandoned vineyards, and from the local forest, and from three soil profiles. To assess the soil quality, the Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), and Pollution Index (PI) were calculated based on values obtained from soil sample analysis and various thresholds or guideline values. The individual pollution indices reveal the following sequence for Cu concentration: stripped soil in the abandoned vineyard &gt; soil in the abandoned vineyard &gt; soil in the cultivated vineyard &gt; soil in the forest. When using Romanian or Finnish standards, the PI shows more variability than EF and Igeo indices, leading to different soil contamination classifications. Indices based on conservative elements and local geochemical background provide more stable results, especially for cultivated soils. The volume of treatments applied can explain the higher concentration of Cu in the abandoned vineyard compared to the cultivated one (ampelographic collection). The Specific Pollution Index provides a two-dimensional assessment of pollution through the difference in Cu concentration in the upper part of the soil in two ecosystems (viticulture and forestry), adjusted to the content of the same element in the local geochemical background.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy budgeting, carbon footprint and economics of sunflower and pigeonpea system under moisture conservation practices in rainfed semi-arid tropics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In drylands, soil water availability in the profile during crop period, especially at critical stages is most vital. System which is productive, energy efficient with a minimum carbon (C) footprint under limited water condition is a concern. Therefore we evaluated sunflower and pigeonpea crops over two-years in terms of productivity, energy, C-footprint and profitability under different moisture conservation measures. These were raised bed, ridge and furrow, tied ridges and furrow, conservation tillage, flatbed sowing and opening furrow after every three rows at 30 days, and flatbed sowing under sole crops of sunflower and pigeonpea and intercropping at 1:1 adopted split-plot design. The results showed in-field moisture conservation by ridge and furrow produced considerably greater sunflower (59.6–66%) and pigeonpea (85.2–128.7%) yields and profitable (604.1 US$ ha⁻¹) over traditional flatbed sowing. It also exhibited greater output energy (37.8–83.0%), energy use efficiency(4.2 kg GJ⁻¹),and lower energy intensity (21.57 × 10⁻³ GJ US$⁻¹). Sunflower and pigeonpea sole crops produced higher seed yields over intercropping. But it has yield advantage in terms of greater pigeonpea equivalent yield (0.53–1.13 Mg ha⁻¹), profitability (691.8 USD ha⁻¹), output energy (42.4 GJ ha⁻¹) and energy ratio. Among the input energy sources, chemical fertilizers accounted 53.6 % of the total input energy. Interestingly, least C-footprints were recorded under ridge and furrow (182 kg CE kg⁻¹grain)and intercropping (0.248 kg CE kg⁻¹ grain). Results confirmed sunflower and pigeonpea intercropping on ridge and furrow was productive, energy saving, C-footprint reduction and economical practice under rainfed condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring botanical diversity, ecological traits, and edaphic determinants in Kala Chitta National Park, Pakistan: Implications for conservation and management","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, environmental degradation has prompted several countries to strengthen their protected area networks to halt biodiversity loss. National parks incorporate into their design, are based on scientific evidence, and offer a complete management mechanism to enable successful conservation for the most ecologically critical and vulnerable ecosystem. However, managing these protected areas effectively requires a grasp of the complex dynamics of plant ecosystems and edaphic factors. Nevertheless, Pakistan's protected areas have seen the least investigation of these relationships. To fill this knowledge gap, this study investigates the vegetation dynamics and edaphic factors that influence plant distribution in Kala Chitta National Park of Pakistan. A comprehensive botanical survey documented 203 plant species across 60 study sites, revealing a diverse flora comprising species from 160 genera and 54 families. The most abundant families were Poaceae (34 species) and Fabaceae (21 species), Amaranthaceae (13 species) and Asteraceae (15 species). The majority of species were herbaceous (49.2%), followed by grasses (16.7%) and shrubs (15.2%). Climbers and ferns constituted 1.4% and 1.9% of the total, respectively, with co-dominant habits of tall reed and sedge accounting for 2.9% of the vegetation. Ecologically, Therophytes emerged as the most numerous life forms (42.8%), followed by hemicryptophytes (17.7%) and megaphanerophytes (8.3%). Analysis of leaf spectra revealed Nanophylls as the dominant type (36.9%), followed by Microphylls (33%). Phytogeographical distribution highlighted three major clusters, with Asia Tropical, Asia Temperate, and Europe accounting for 45% of species. Four distinct plant communities were identified using TWINSPAN analysis: <em>Senegalia-Dichanthium-Justica</em> (SDJ), <em>Neltuma-Lantana-Cannabis</em> (NLC), <em>Prosopis-Saccharum-Desmostachya</em> (PSD), and <em>Dodonaea-Alhagi-Oxalis</em> (DAO). Each community exhibited unique species compositions and ecological gradients influenced by edaphic factors. PCA revealed associations between specific edaphic variables and plant communities, with available phosphorus (AP) and potassium (AK) linked to the NLC community. At the same time, total nitrogen (TN) was predominantly associated with the DAO community. These findings highlight the importance of soil conservation and sustainable land management practices for preserving biodiversity and ecosystem integrity within Kala Chitta National Park. Future research should focus on long-term monitoring of vegetation dynamics and collaborative conservation initiatives involving local stakeholders to promote ecosystem resilience in the face of environmental change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. research in Ethiopia reveals gaps and opportunities for advancing management solutions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invasive species pose a tremendous threat to biodiversity across the globe. In Ethiopia, <em>Prosopis juliflora</em> predominantly occurs in the lowlands and posing a threat to both biodiversity and the livelihoods of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists living there. The aim of this study is to synthesize the state-of-the-art research and management practices related to <em>P. juliflora</em> in Ethiopia. A Reporting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) flow diagram was developed for systematic review/meta-analysis, followed by the systematic review of literature (n = 85 studies) on <em>P. juliflora</em> research in Ethiopia. <em>Prosopis juliflora</em> related research exponentially increased over the past three decades. Most (48.2%) of the collaborative works were either international or local (41.2%), while national level collaborations were limited (10.6%). Regarding the disciplinary focus, the natural sciences (52.9%) dominated, whereas transdisciplinary research was extremely rare. We found that ‘<em>zonal</em>’ studies predominate (31.8%) whereas national (5.9%) and regional (2.4%) level studies were scarce. Studies that focused on species attributes comprised about 24% of studies. Basic research on public perceptions of the socio-economic and ecological impact of <em>P. juliflora</em> was the most commonly researched topic in Ethiopia (20%) However, <em>P. juliflora</em> management studies are scanty. Research gaps, including lack of transdisciplinary research and long-term experimental and observational research, were identified to help researchers, academic, decision and policymakers focus future work in these areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of temperature on oxygen uptake of red alga Hildenbrandia rivularis – the next step of the indicatory potential revision","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100503","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100503","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Hildenbrandia rivularis</em> belongs to the freshwater red algae and is cosmopolitan. In some European countries, this species is protected, e.g., in Poland, where it mainly inhabits highly oxygenated, fast-flowing ecosystems. This alga is often considered both a bioindicator of oligotrophic waters and a relatively rare species in Europe. However, the expansion and ecological tolerance of <em>H. rivularis</em> have increased over the last decades; thus, there is an urgent call to retest its environmental optima and significance for bioindicative potential. In this paper, <em>H. rivularis</em> from Welna River (Poland) growing on hard substrates was tested. In addition to genetic, microscopic, and physicochemical analyses, we also delivered for the first time the relationship between the transient temperature changes (15 – 45 °C, with 5 °C intervals) and oxygen uptake of <em>H. rivularis</em> (based on <em>ex situ</em> measurements of O₂ consumption by thalli). Interestingly, for the eurythermal <em>H. rivularis,</em> at the lowest temperature (15 °C) treatment, the O₂ uptake was undetectable, but the respiratory rate reached maximal velocity at the two highest temperatures (40 and 45 °C). Importantly, the respiration of this alga was relatively stable across temperature gradient 20 – 35 °C. This observation could explain why this species has been disappearing from colder waters of uplands and mountains and started to prefer warmer lowland water ecosystems. The further increase in global warming can significantly accelerate this tendency, thus causing a significant change in the <em>H. rivularis</em> distribution pattern known from the previous literature. Finally, our research sheds new light on the bioindicative potential of <em>H. rivularis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loop analysis quantifying important species in a marine food web","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving the predictive power of food web analysis is a major challenge. Identifying the relationships that link topological and dynamical features may help. We used the predictions of loop analysis about the effect of perturbations targeted to the components of Barents sea food web to quantify their sensitivity and community impact, that we summarized in two new indices, <span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span>. Using a multivariate analysis we interpreted the meaning of these indices in a benchmarking exercise using several well recognized indices of species topological (positional) importance. Our findings suggest that the information the two indices proposed here provides does not overlap with that of more diffused topological indices of positional importance (i.e. centrality indices). The former are express the dynamic consequences of the topology in which species are embedded, whereas for the latter such dynamical consequences are mostly hypothesized on a topological base. The indices of loop analysis are based on the effective role a species plays in passing the impacts to other species (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></math></span>) and their role as sinks of the perturbations entering anywhere in the system (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span>). These two indices, in the end, reveal how the topology of the network affects the response of the species to perturbations and thus emphasize the interaction between topology and dynamics. Based on our results, the question related to conservation is whether to prioritize sensitive species, that can be more strongly influenced when others are perturbed, or species of high impact, that can more strongly influence the rest of the community if perturbed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Land Transition around Eastern Economic Corridor in Thailand in the context of SDG 11.3.1 using Urban Heat Islands, Nighttime Light Intensity and Machine Learning","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) in Thailand has experienced unprecedented industrialization and urbanization since 2017 driven by the Thailand 4.0 initiative. This has resulted in complex land transitions contributing to increase Urban Heat Island (UHI) and changes in Land Use Dynamics (LUD). The aim of this study is to use geospatial data analytics to examine LUD, its impact on UHI and the trend of Land Use Efficiency (LUE: SDG Indicator 11.3.1) from 1995 to 2023. We used Landsat data to analyse LUD using Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Classification and Regression Trees (CART), and Random Forest (RF) optimizing the classification accuracy. The optimal features combined with population data, were utilized to estimate LUE between 1995 and 2023 at 5-year intervals. Additionally, VIIRS satellite data was employed to map nighttime light intensity, providing insights into nocturnal activities. The findings indicate that built-up areas have increased from 21.17% to 32.39% over the past 28 years, revealing changing patterns of LUD. The LUD is disproportionate with respect to population growth, resulting in dynamic LUE values: 1 (1995–2000), 0.6 (2000–2005), 3.3 (2005–2010), 0.7 (2010–2015), 0.2 (2015–2020), and 1.4 (2020–2023). The study suggests that there has been a rise in UHI effects due to rapid urbanization and industrialization, evidenced by increase in temperature 12.8 °C–14.48 °C (minimum) and 38.52 °C–43.85 °C (Maximum) between 1995 and 2023. The results of this study can assist in directing urban development projects in Thailand's EEC region by providing insight into urban growth trends, LUE, and environmental implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of construction and demolition waste disposal behaviors during COVID-19 using satellite imagery","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.indic.2024.100502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted conventional municipal solid waste (MSW) management practices and affected waste generation rates. While MSW streams have been extensively studied and reported, the impact on construction and demolition (C&amp;D) waste remains overlooked. This research develops an innovative analytical framework utilizing satellite imagery to quantify C&amp;D waste disposal rates during COVID-19 restrictions in a mid-sized Canadian city. Supervised classification of Landsat-8 images is conducted to derive the settlement area over a period of 8.8 years (2014–2022). The C&amp;D disposal rates and settlement area relationship is evaluated using regression analysis. Results reveal a 73.4% reduction in mean weekly C&amp;D disposal in 2020 compared to pre-pandemic years, reflecting diminished construction activity. The settlement area exhibits a strong positive correlation (R² = 0.812) with per capita C&amp;D disposal rate, providing spatial evidence of urbanization patterns affecting C&amp;D waste generation. Among socioeconomic factors examined, the value of building permits issued most influences C&amp;D quantities (R² = 0.934). The satellite imagery-based approach allows indirect estimation of disrupted C&amp;D waste streams when on-site auditing is restricted during pandemics. The framework offers municipal authorities spatial decision support to formulate data-driven C&amp;D waste management policies that are essential to smart cities and resilient to future public health emergencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36171,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Sustainability Indicators","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}