Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business最新文献

{"title":"French Merchants in Buenos Aires (1816-1825): Economic Opportunities and Difficulties during the Wars of Independence","authors":"Laurine Bleuenn Manac'h","doi":"10.1344/jesb2023.8.1.34553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2023.8.1.34553","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike other foreigners, the French merchants who migrated to Hispanic America in the 19th century have received little attention, partly because they are supposed to have been few. With the emancipation of the River Plate, the Declaration of Independence in 1816 and the end of the Spanish commercial monopoly – and despite many difficulties due to revolutionary turmoil – some French merchants saw the legal opening of the rioplatense market as an opportunity and became more present in Buenos Aires, although less than their British counterparts.\u0000Building upon the Buenos Aires commercial court’s records and data from censuses, this paper sheds light on the French commercial presence in Buenos Aires during the Independence and civil wars, which hampered the circulation of credit instruments, the fluidity of credit relations, and business activities. It shows the importance of merchants’ private initiatives in consolidating the French presence, and how they coped with wartime consequences. Whereas those who were poorly integrated into local society were vulnerable in these times of crisis, others benefited from close relations within the local society and acquired economic and social prominence. Such integration may have contributed to making them key interlocutors for French authorities as they manifested an increased interest in the River Plate in the context of the post-1815 imperial reconfigurations, when international and European rivalries continued in Hispanic America, particularly between France and Britain.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47214534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Evolution of an Innovation District: Origins and Evolution of MID and RMIT University’s Social Innovation Precinct in Melbourne’s City North","authors":"Marta Fernandez, T. Bentley","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j111","url":null,"abstract":"The development of an urban innovation district requires a unique, densely populated site connecting knowledge-intensive institutions with public spaces, large businesses, startups and SMEs, social hubs, and cultural institutions. Based on conceptual frameworks in the field including urban development theory, quintuple helix model, entrepreneurship and open innovation models, this paper uses a case research study approach, the Melbourne Innovation District. The context is Melbourne’s city centre immediately prior to and during Covid-19 recovery. The work analysed the vision and ambitions for the innovation district, the role of technology and enterprise in place-making and the impact of the pandemic in driving social innovation, the acceleration of demand for a ‘wellbeing economy,’ and incentives for collaboration between institutions. This work contributes to existing literature by examining the evolution and progress of Melbourne Innovation District as a case, and the influence of the 22@ district in Barcelona, highlights practical and strategic insights into how the Melbourne Innovation District formed and built capability for collective strategy in a knowledge-intensive urban settings, and the role of innovation ecosystems to develop dynamic, inclusive urban economies in the pandemic recovery era.\u0000Through this work we observed the key elements for the success in the early development of an innovation district including: the consideration of the real costs of collaboration; the establishment early on of a common vision and a long-term aspiration; the importance of achieving critical mass; the scattered evidence base; the need for ‘anchoring’ project and backbone organisation; the fragmented governance environment; the need for persistence with an integrated vision, that is connected to the overall city strategy; the identification of practical innovations that feed each other and create momentum.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45199917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Evolutionary Analysis of the Development of the One North Innovation District in Singapore","authors":"P. Wong","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j107","url":null,"abstract":"First conceptualised in Singapore’s first National Technology Plan in 1991, the idea of creating a new integrated R&D and innovation hub in Singapore languished until it was incorporated into a broader Technopreneurship 21 (T21) strategy announced in 1998, and was officially launched in late 2001. In the 20 years since, the innovation district has made significant development progress, but not quite in the manner as presented in a number of prior studies  that have adopted a “top-down rational planning” narrative. Taking an evolutionary view, we argue that the actual development of One-North was significantly shaped by a number of critical actors as well as external environmental factors, and its evolutionary trajectory deviated from its original plan. Our evolutionary narrative provides insights on the role of champions in large scale innovation projects, and the need to integrate physical space development within a comprehensive innovation ecosystem development strategy.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42065755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Exploration and Practices of TusPark in Promoting Business Incubation and Industrial Development","authors":"Jiwu Wang","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j114","url":null,"abstract":"As a new platform for innovation, China's national university science parks gather a wealth of resources for innovation.  They are not only the carriers of new knowledge, technologies and systems, but also that of new cultures. As one of the first batch of national university science parks in China, TusPark, which is backed by Tsinghua University with the active participation of varied entrepreneurial, R&D and financial institutions, has basically developed an ecological network for innovation that is distributed throughout the country. It has become an important platform for further transformation of the scientific and technological achievements of universities, as well as promoting the development of strategic emerging industries.\u0000Focused on TusPark’s functions and roles in advancing startup incubation and industrial development, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of TusPark’s developmental path, with research based on interviews conducted with people involved in TusPark’s construction and operations, as well as reviewing the developmental history and models of global university science parks with international perspectives and extracting TusPark’s unique developmental path and model. The aim of this paper is to  analyse how TusPark, as the science park of China’s top university, blazed a trail for business incubation and industrial development. The paper presents some typical cases and explains TusPark’s major models for business incubation and industry cultivation. It also discusses the main factors of TusPark’s success and explores its approaches for encouraging future development under new domestic and international circumstances.\u0000 \u0000This article is mainly divided into two parts: The first part mainly introduces historical background, main functions, operation mode, core achievements, success factors and future development prospect of TusPark; the second part briefs planning, construction and the operation management organization TusPark - Tus-Holdings Co., Ltd., including the company's founding background, development history, equity structure, management team and other basic information, as well as the original business model by TusHoldings, that is, building an innovation ecosystem with features of TusHoldings through the \"multi-dimensional triple helix\" model of government-enterprise-university, park-industry-finance and technology-capital-industry; and the ways to enhance core competitiveness of TusHoldings by building global innovation network, vertical incubation system and innovative industrial clusters.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44718964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centech, a world-class business incubator based in the Montréal innovation district, inspired by Barcelona 22@","authors":"P. Cohendet, Richard Chenier, Laurent Simon, Lucy Stojak","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j106","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the paper is to highlight the process behind the design and development of Centech, a world-class incubator located in Montreal and recognized as one of the most successful university incubators in the world. Centech is housed in a cultural heritage building, the old Dow Planetarium, situated in the heart of the innovative district of Montréal, the “Quartier de l’innovation” (QI). Based on a methodology using different sets of data (interviews, series of reports made for the Montréal-Barcelona Summer School on Management of Creativity and Innovation, etc.), the paper shows how the development of Centech was in large part inspired by 22@Barcelona. The conclusion highlights the importance of an iconic collaborative place in the building of a local ecosystem of innovation.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49203134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the development of innovations districts through performance indicators: 22@Barcelona Case","authors":"C. Rapetti, M. Pareja-Eastaway, J. Piqué, D. Grimaldi","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j105","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation Districts are rising as the banners of the new urban, economic, and social paradigm and as a solution to the renaissance of inner cities since they expedite the creation and commercialization of new ideas which leverage the city goals and its technologic and economic attributes. The configuration of accurate indicators to measure the degree of achievement of the innovation district goals is one of the main requirements to ensure district proper development. Even when the study of innovation districts is a topic that is increasingly under study, little is still known about the insight, and it is still needed tools that favor their evolution and development. The aim of this paper is two-fold: on the one hand, it seeks to collect and analyze the indicators that have been used in literature to measure the degree of maturity over the course of the 20-year existence of the 22@Barcelona, an area of innovation that transformed an old industrial district into a knowledge-based one. On the other hand, guided by the four dimensions of the Knowledge Base Urban Development theory and the main actors that make up Triple Helix approach, the paper designs a framework of indicators in the four spheres that shape the regeneration of the district, that is, urban, economic, social and governance. As we shall see, a total of 47 indicators are proposed, indicating for each of them: the environment in which it is applied, the main purpose to which it responds, and the main actor with the greatest power of action over it.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47533198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Triple Helix in transition economies and Skolkovo: a Russian innovation ecosystem case","authors":"A. Chekanov","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j110","url":null,"abstract":"Public administrations undertake initiatives to foster knowledge ecosystems in scientific and technology hotspots. It is assumed that innovation ecosystems will create value networks through which participants can develop and commercialize their value propositions. Value networks refer to innovation ecosystems where the final product or service is offered by a constellation of businesses that complement each other. The innovation ecosystems literature suggests that innovation ecosystems lead to competitive advantages for each of the partners in the ecosystem, creating value for all its actors. Based on a longitudinal case study of the Skolkovo Innovation Center with more than 3000 innovative startups in the Moscow district in Russia, this study explores how value is created in innovation ecosystems in transition economies and the roles of the contributing stakeholders. Through a longitudinal case study and using the Triple Helix framework, this study finds that in transition economies, the state tends to undertake the leading role in establishing the pillars of innovation ecosystems, followed by solid support from state-related industry partners, being the role of universities underrepresented in the initial stages of the ecosystem development. These findings refine the applicability of the triple helix model in transition economies by adjusting the weighting of the different parts of the model when establishing an innovation ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42628684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ann Arbor SPARK - Network Intelligence as a driver for the emergence of a next generation science and technology park","authors":"D. Tataj, Paul Louis Krutko, J. Bellavista","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j108","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, we review the evolution of the phenomenon known as science and technology parks (STPs) as an instrument designed to spur innovation and entrepreneurship at the level of a regional ecosystem. We develop a concept of the next generation of STP, or STP 2.0, as a network of co-located entrepreneurial firms and as a vital node in the value creation networks in a region. We build our definition based on diverse value creation networks such as examples in Triple Helix and Knowledge Triangle. We analyse the human and social factors related to the effectiveness of utilising networks for innovation towards diverse goals in the paradigm theorised as Network Intelligence Framework, Then, we describe the creation and evolution of Ann Arbor Spark as an example of SPT 2.0 focusing on its organisational design as a community platform, its culture of networking across the silos of research and industry and specific projects designed to accelerate time from labs to markets in the post-industrial region of the Rust Belt Michigan in the US. We end the article with a list of conclusions that can inform the design of new and the transformation of existing STPs designed and managed primarily as a real estate investment under the false assumption that the pure co-location of entrepreneurial agents in a physical location spurs innovation and entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46361423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Districts of Innovation in the World","authors":"M. Pareja-Eastaway, J. Piqué","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j104","url":null,"abstract":"The 20th anniversary of the innovation district of Barcelona, the 22@Barcelona, provides the rationale for this special issue. Key actors in the academia, organisations and institutions from several innovation districts around the world, have joined this celebration project that has materialized in the collection of articles that conform “Districts of Innovation in the World”. The result is a unique compilation of experiences, analysis and evaluations that evidence the relevance of innovation districts as tools for urban, economic and social development but also as urban cores of production of technology and innovation. Benefiting from years of exchange of ideas and mutual collaboration, this special issue offers, from an evolutionary perspective, an analysis of the transitions, adaptations and mutations that innovation districts have experienced around the world.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49023392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the naming of innovation districts","authors":"Alessandra Giglio Hirtenkauf, Kerem Gurses, Llewellyn D. W. Thomas","doi":"10.1344/jesb2022.2.j113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1344/jesb2022.2.j113","url":null,"abstract":"Name plays a fundamental role in defining and differentiating a company within a category. In this paper we identify how the leaders of 7 innovation districts (22@Barcelona, Ann Arbor Spark, EECi, Porto Digital, Ruta N – Medellín, SK-Skolkovo and TusPark) understand the construction of the names of their innovation districts. We take an inductive approach utilizing two types of data: exploring the innovation district directors' understanding through direct semi-structured interviews and analyzing secondary data consisting of website and brochures. We show how innovation district leaders use more than one classification name for their organization and that these names either tend towards a more strategic or institutional posture. We contribute by extending existing naming theory to include innovation districts, a complex organization composed by actors of the Triple Helix. We also contribute by providing managerial guidance to assist in understanding the importance of the role of their organization's name in long-term positioning.","PeriodicalId":36112,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evolutionary Studies in Business","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66405441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}