British and Irish Orthoptic Journal最新文献

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Risk Factors for Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia in Children and Young Adults: A Systematic Review. 儿童和青少年急性获得性合并内斜视的风险因素:系统回顾
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-09-03 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.386
Manjushri Yuan Rou Lee, Mei Shi Pearl Lee
{"title":"Risk Factors for Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia in Children and Young Adults: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Manjushri Yuan Rou Lee, Mei Shi Pearl Lee","doi":"10.22599/bioj.386","DOIUrl":"10.22599/bioj.386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is a rare subtype of esotropia that occurs after infancy. The exact pathogenesis of AACE remains unknown with aetiologies ranging from benign conditions to serious underlying neurological diseases being reported. Given the elusive characteristic of AACE, diagnostic and management guidelines remain unclear. This systematic review aims to contribute to this field by summarising the risk factors for AACE reported thus far.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted with papers found in CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane library, PubMed databases and other sources. Eligible studies investigating the risk factors for, and clinical features of, AACE in children and young adults were critically appraised before relevant data were extracted and discussed via a narrative summary.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve studies were included in the final review, of which six and eight papers reported on benign and non-benign risk factors for AACE respectively. Identified benign risk factors varied among studies, while non-benign risk factors were associated with intracranial pathologies, multiple sclerosis and head trauma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the low generalisability of study findings, no definitive conclusions can be drawn on the significance of each risk factor on AACE development. Further prospective research with more objective measurements of 'near work', larger sample sizes and control groups is required to better ascertain any cause-effect relationship, refine the diagnostic criteria for each AACE subtype and advise on appropriate management guidelines for AACE.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"193-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative Analysis of Accuracy, Readability, Sentiment, and Actionability: Artificial Intelligence Chatbots (ChatGPT and Google Gemini) versus Traditional Patient Information Leaflets for Local Anesthesia in Eye Surgery. 准确性、可读性、情感和可操作性的比较分析:人工智能聊天机器人(ChatGPT 和 Google Gemini)与传统眼科手术局部麻醉患者信息手册的比较分析。
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-19 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.377
Prakash Gondode, Sakshi Duggal, Neha Garg, Pooja Lohakare, Jubin Jakhar, Swati Bharti, Shraddha Dewangan
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Accuracy, Readability, Sentiment, and Actionability: Artificial Intelligence Chatbots (ChatGPT and Google Gemini) versus Traditional Patient Information Leaflets for Local Anesthesia in Eye Surgery.","authors":"Prakash Gondode, Sakshi Duggal, Neha Garg, Pooja Lohakare, Jubin Jakhar, Swati Bharti, Shraddha Dewangan","doi":"10.22599/bioj.377","DOIUrl":"10.22599/bioj.377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Eye surgeries often evoke strong negative emotions in patients, including fear and anxiety. Patient education material plays a crucial role in informing and empowering individuals. Traditional sources of medical information may not effectively address individual patient concerns or cater to varying levels of understanding. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the accuracy, completeness, readability, tone, and understandability of patient education material generated by AI chatbots versus traditional Patient Information Leaflets (PILs), focusing on local anesthesia in eye surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Expert reviewers evaluated responses generated by AI chatbots (ChatGPT and Google Gemini) and a traditional PIL (Royal College of Anaesthetists' PIL) based on accuracy, completeness, readability, sentiment, and understandability. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests, were conducted to compare the performance of the sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Readability analysis showed variations in complexity among the sources, with AI chatbots offering simplified language and PILs maintaining better overall readability and accessibility. Sentiment analysis revealed differences in emotional tone, with Google Gemini exhibiting the most positive sentiment. AI chatbots demonstrated superior understandability and actionability, while PILs excelled in completeness. Overall, ChatGPT showed slightly higher accuracy (scores expressed as mean ± standard deviation) (4.71 ± 0.5 vs 4.61 ± 0.62) and completeness (4.55 ± 0.58 vs 4.47 ± 0.58) compared to Google Gemini, but PILs performed best (4.84 ± 0.37 vs 4.88 ± 0.33) in terms of both accuracy and completeness (p-value for completeness <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI chatbots show promise as innovative tools for patient education, complementing traditional PILs. By leveraging the strengths of both AI-driven technologies and human expertise, healthcare providers can enhance patient education and empower individuals to make informed decisions about their health and medical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"183-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11342839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Investigation Into the Orthoptist Experience of Instilling Eye Drops in Children Attending the Eye Clinic. 调查视光学矫形师为就诊儿童滴眼药水的经验。
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-14 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.314
Hanish Chauhan
{"title":"An Investigation Into the Orthoptist Experience of Instilling Eye Drops in Children Attending the Eye Clinic.","authors":"Hanish Chauhan","doi":"10.22599/bioj.314","DOIUrl":"10.22599/bioj.314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Eye drops instillation in children is a fundamental part of accurately examining a child's eyes. Unfortunately eye drops can be a distressing experience for children, parents/guardians and orthoptists. The purpose of this research is to focus on the experiences of orthoptists and delve deeper into their views and explore if improvements can be made.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a Qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with 8 registered and currently practicing orthoptists in the UK. The interviews were undertaken online via Microsoft TEAMS. Thematic analysis was carried out for the purposes of data analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>3 major themes were identified (1) how orthoptist frame instilling eye drops, (2) techniques to address challenges, and (3) improvements to eye drops instillation process. Orthoptists were aware that instilling eye drops in children brought specific challenges such as distress and resistance; however they saw it as an essential part of their job. Orthoptists understood their role within a wider team which delivered eye care to children effectively and that there was a division of they believed that. Orthoptists were aware that the eye drops may cause some distress, however this did not affect compliance with treatment such as wearing glasses and/or a patch. Orthoptists believed verbal and non-verbal communication with the child was essential. Help was sought from parents or colleagues for physical restraint if required. Orthoptists suggested adapting to children with additional needs and giving out eye drops to parents/carers to instill at home if dilation in the eye clinic became difficult. They suggested improvements such as assistance from play specialists, developing a pre-procedural information video, practise as a student, the study of the medical exemptions module and the potential of using eye sprays instead of eye drops.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reiterates the importance of verbal and non-verbal communication. The results may facilitate recommendations for change such as encouraging the study of medical exemptions and help support a case for play specialist support regularly, and the encouragement to develop a pre-procedural information video to improve quality of care. This is currently inconsistent across different Trusts in the UK. The study could result in improvements to current practise and influence other fields of medicine such as blood tests and MRI scans in children. The study also recommends further studies to investigate the parental perspective of instillation of eye drops in their child's eyes when they attend the eye clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"171-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11328678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of Dynamic Contrast Sensitivity Chart. 开发动态对比敏感度图表。
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-07-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.365
Nikhita Jacob, Vandana Kamath, B N Sanjay
{"title":"Development of Dynamic Contrast Sensitivity Chart.","authors":"Nikhita Jacob, Vandana Kamath, B N Sanjay","doi":"10.22599/bioj.365","DOIUrl":"10.22599/bioj.365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dynamic visual acuity (DVA) is a complex visual function that requires the observer to detect a moving target, to visually acquire it by eye movements, and to resolve critical details contained in it, in a relatively brief time exposure. Dynamic contrast sensitivity (DCS) functions are determined over a range of angular velocities to complement the traditional contrast sensitivity (CS) functions (obtained with stationary targets).</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A new chart is constructed to assess DCS by chosen 5×5 grid and Sloan letters (D, H, N, U, V, R, Z, S, K, O, C). Letters are constructed at a constant visual acuity of six lines having the contrast varied at each interval of the line. Each line has six letters and each line subtends different contrast (0.20 logCS-1.70 logCS). The chart has a motor of 45 revolutions per minute (rpm) and 30 rpm and measured among the normal population of the age group of 17 to 30.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results shows that CS declines once the target stimulus is in motion. There was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the stimulus speeds of 30 rpm and 45 rpm. Dynamic contrast sensitivity values increased for lower target velocity indicating that as speed of the target stimulus increases, CS decreases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concludes that the DCS decreases as the velocity increases. Consequently, incorporating the DCS chart into comprehensive eye examinations provides a holistic understanding of an individual's visual function.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"165-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Parental Awareness of the Preschool Orthoptics Visual Screening in Brunei-Muara District and Factors Contributing to Defaulters. 文莱穆阿拉地区家长对学龄前视力矫正筛查的认识及导致不接受筛查的因素。
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-05-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.349
Sharimawati Sharbini, Nur Aimi Diyana Awang Damit, Ted Maddess, Siti Nurliyana Abdullah
{"title":"Parental Awareness of the Preschool Orthoptics Visual Screening in Brunei-Muara District and Factors Contributing to Defaulters.","authors":"Sharimawati Sharbini, Nur Aimi Diyana Awang Damit, Ted Maddess, Siti Nurliyana Abdullah","doi":"10.22599/bioj.349","DOIUrl":"10.22599/bioj.349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The preschool orthoptics visual screening program began in Brunei Darussalam in 2004 to detect amblyopia, a common cause of treatable visual disorders in children. Amblyopia can be asymptomatic, easily missed, and cause permanent adverse visual consequences; hence, it is necessary to be screened. The parental role in ensuring timely visual screening is pivotal to their child's visual well-being and educational success. This study explored parental awareness and reasons for their nonattendance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of 401 parents was conducted in the Brunei-Muara district in private kindergarten schools and maternal and child health clinics. A self-designed and self-administered questionnaire was used. Data collected was analysed using RStudio in the form of descriptive and analytic statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study findings showed that 52.8% defaulted their screening and there was a significant association between parental awareness and the defaulters (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Only 39.9% of parents were aware of the screening service availability, and 50.1% had not taken their children for an eye check. The most significant sociodemographic factor that influenced awareness of the importance of vision screening was parental employment status (<i>p</i> = 0.013), revealing a 4.43 times higher likelihood of default if the father was unemployed. This study found that with each additional child, parents are 1.25 times less likely to seek eye screening (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The main reason for nonattendance was a lack of awareness of the situation and parents believed that their children were seeing well. Mitigating child visual screening defaults requires a community-focused approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"154-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11122692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Impact on Vergence Parameters After Smartphone Gaming. 智能手机游戏对会聚参数的影响
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-05-06 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.335
Vishal Biswas, Roshni Majumder
{"title":"The Impact on Vergence Parameters After Smartphone Gaming.","authors":"Vishal Biswas, Roshni Majumder","doi":"10.22599/bioj.335","DOIUrl":"10.22599/bioj.335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the impact of smartphone gaming on the vergence system of the eye.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>A 5-month (from March 2023 to August 2023) comparative and experimental research was conducted.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Eighty-two participants with a mean age of 21.98 ± 2.26 years were present in the study. Prior to assessing accommodation and vergence system characteristics, participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination. The participants were asked to play a shooting game on a smartphone for 30 minutes at a 40 cm distance. Measurements of the vergence parameters were taken before and after the activity and afterwards were compared.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis: </strong>Non-parametric tests were used to compare pre- and post-task measurements. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the variables: Negative fusional vergence (NFV), Positive fusional vergence (PFV), Near point of convergence (NPC), and Vergence Facility (VF), with the alpha error set at 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participants was 21.98 ± 2.26 years. Post-task, the vergence parameters: NPC (p < 0.001), NFV for near distance (p < 0.001), PFV for near distance (p < 0.001), and VF (p < 0.001) showed significant decrease in vergence parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study shows smartphone gaming for 30 minutes affects the vergence system, leading to binocular vision anomalies in young individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"146-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140913139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Schizophrenia and Orthoptic Conditions: A Literature Review. 精神分裂症与视力障碍:文献综述。
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-26 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.327
Anna McBride, Gemma Arblaster
{"title":"Schizophrenia and Orthoptic Conditions: A Literature Review.","authors":"Anna McBride, Gemma Arblaster","doi":"10.22599/bioj.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A narrative review of the literature reporting ocular abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia was undertaken to determine the types and prevalence of orthoptic conditions in this patient cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of multiple databases yielded 1,974 studies published between January 1992 and January 2022. All were screened for relevance based on their title and abstract.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen studies were included in the final review. Ocular abnormalities reported in schizophrenia included a high incidence of strabismus, reduced visual acuity and reduced stereopsis compared to controls. Additionally, eye movement abnormalities (including reduced smooth pursuit gain and increased prosaccade latency) were frequently reported. Reduced visual acuity was associated with negative symptoms and reduced quality of life in schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orthoptists and eye care professionals should be aware that a higher incidence of strabismus, reduced visual acuity, reduced stereoacuity, and eye movement abnormalities are reported in patients with schizophrenia. Further research is required to determine whether, or to what extent, ocular abnormalities and visual disturbances influence or exacerbate the symptoms of schizophrenia, and whether there is an effect of schizophrenia medication on these orthoptic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"133-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11049682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Strabismus Surgery for Psychosocial Reasons-A Literature Review. 出于社会心理原因的斜视手术--文献综述。
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.352
Gemma Arblaster, David Buckley, Sarah Barnes, Helen Davis
{"title":"Strabismus Surgery for Psychosocial Reasons-A Literature Review.","authors":"Gemma Arblaster, David Buckley, Sarah Barnes, Helen Davis","doi":"10.22599/bioj.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Strabismus surgery may be undertaken for visual benefit, to improve or eliminate diplopia symptoms, or to restore or improve binocular single vision (BSV). In patients without visual symptoms or expected visual benefit, strabismus surgery may still be undertaken if the presence of strabismus causes the patient psychosocial symptoms. To evaluate strabismus surgery undertaken for psychosocial reasons, evidence of postoperative outcomes in this specific cohort is needed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of the literature was conducted (1946-2023) to identify evidence where postoperative outcomes were reported for adult patients (age 18 years and above) who had undergone strabismus surgery for psychosocial reasons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-nine papers were included in the literature review. Most sources of evidence included patients within heterogeneous cohorts of strabismus surgery outcomes, with a range of symptoms and differing surgical aims.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In adults who underwent strabismus surgery for psychosocial reasons, improved postoperative ocular alignment and/or improved health related quality of life (HRQoL) were common. Strabismus surgery outcomes appeared to be measured satisfactorily at three months postoperatively. Additional surgical outcomes, including an expanded field of vision, unexpected BSV, improved binocular summation, improved task performance and improved eye movements have been reported, but not fully investigated. There was a lack of consensus on how postoperative success should be defined and measured. A core outcome set for strabismus has been suggested and there is potential to add to the available evidence by investigating which outcome measures are most relevant to those with strabismus and psychosocial symptoms. There is a growing need for robust evidence in this specific subgroup of patients due to a lack of evidence specifically reporting postoperative outcomes in adults with strabismus and psychosocial symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"107-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11049605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can We Talk about Concordance? 我们能谈谈协约吗?
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.370
Charlotte Joy Codina
{"title":"Can We Talk about Concordance?","authors":"Charlotte Joy Codina","doi":"10.22599/bioj.370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"105-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11012207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140871372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Assessment of Vision in Children with Severe Learning Difficulties: A Systematic Review. 严重学习困难儿童的视力评估:系统回顾。
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal Pub Date : 2024-03-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.22599/bioj.324
Hareem Esmail, Gemma Arblaster, Laura Haslam
{"title":"The Assessment of Vision in Children with Severe Learning Difficulties: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Hareem Esmail, Gemma Arblaster, Laura Haslam","doi":"10.22599/bioj.324","DOIUrl":"10.22599/bioj.324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with learning difficulties that require a vision assessment may not be able to perform standard clinical vision tests, for example, Forced Choice Preferential Looking (FCPL). There is a lack of standardisation on the procedure of vision assessment in this group of children. The aim of this literature review was to identify and evaluate methods of vision assessment when standard clinical vision tests are not possible in children with severe learning difficulties.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science) were searched from inception to Nov 2022 for methods of vision assessment in children with learning difficulties. Reference lists and grey literature were also searched. The McMaster University Critical review form for quantitative studies was used to assess the methodological quality of the primary studies identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five-hundred and seventy one papers were identified from databases and 16 were identified from searching reference lists and grey literature. Of the 587, five studies were relevant and fulfilled all the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Three methods of vision assessment were identified: Visually Evoked Potentials (VEP), questionnaires, and the Bradford visual function box (BVFB).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The VEP method was validated and reliable, although it had a similar success rate to the standardised FCPL tests in children with learning difficulties. The BVFB was a standardised method for measurement of vision threshold in children that cannot successfully complete FCPL tests, however it has not been validated. Questionnaires are an efficient way to gather descriptive information on the child's functional vision, however no guidance on the interpretation of the information is available. The BVFB and questionnaires require further development and validation. All three methods (VEP, questionnaires, and BVFB) can be useful as part of the assessment of vision in a child with severe learning difficulties where standard clinical tests are not possible, when used in a standardised manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":36083,"journal":{"name":"British and Irish Orthoptic Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"94-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10976986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140319410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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