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Framework Conventions as Regulatory Tools 作为监管工具的框架公约
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 2009-12-18 DOI: 10.3249/1868-1581-1-3-MATZ-LUECK
N. Matz-Lück
{"title":"Framework Conventions as Regulatory Tools","authors":"N. Matz-Lück","doi":"10.3249/1868-1581-1-3-MATZ-LUECK","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/1868-1581-1-3-MATZ-LUECK","url":null,"abstract":"The adoption of framework conventions is a relatively recent phenomenon in international law and has mainly been employed in the field of interna-tional environmental law. According to the so-called “framework convention and protocol approach” parties agree on a more general treaty, the framework convention, and more detailed protocols to fill out the room left for specific regulations. While there are no legal definition and fixed models for framework conventions, they have certain characteristics in common. Namely the formulation of the objectives of the regime, the establishment of broad commitments for its parties and a general system of governance are assigned to the framework, while more detailed rules and the setting of spe-cific targets are left to either parallel or subsequent agreements between the parties. This regulatory technique has certain benefits compared to single “piecemeal” treaties in international law. Yet, framework conventions and protocols are subject to the law of treaties and relevant practice and thus not per se easier to negotiate or more flexible than other agreements.","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129710660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Productive Semantics of the Crisis 危机的生产语义学
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 2009-11-16 DOI: 10.3249/GOJIL.V2I1.79
Florian Süssenguth
{"title":"The Productive Semantics of the Crisis","authors":"Florian Süssenguth","doi":"10.3249/GOJIL.V2I1.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/GOJIL.V2I1.79","url":null,"abstract":"Within sociological discourse the scientific category of the crisis is often criticised for being arbitrary and as a consequence deemed devoid of meaning in modern society in general. Observing crisis communication as an empirical phenomenon puts this mindset into perspective. Using examples from scientific and political semantics reveals the productive aspects of communication taking the form of a crisis. Within the scientific system a crisis simultaneously serves as guiding line for the decisions on which topics and issues the limited resources for research and publication are to be devoted to and as a point of reference for the revaluation of theories and methods. In the political system crisis communication forces decisions on policy and compels parties to develop stances and solution strategies by which they are able to delineate themselves from each other. Crisis communication therefore follows the various rationalities of the systems it occurs in without adding up to an overarching rationality encompassing society as a whole and shaping its reaction. Crisis communication in this sense serves to increase variety within social systems and can be understood as a societal adaptation mechanism operating in the mode of evolution.","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123775959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
When Soering Went to Iraq…: Problems of Jurisdiction, Extraterritorial Effect and Norm Conflicts in Light of the European Court of Human Rights’ Al-Saadoon Case 从欧洲人权法院Al-Saadoon案看索林赴伊拉克时的管辖权、治外法权和规范冲突问题
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 2009-07-12 DOI: 10.3249/GOJIL.V1I3.86
Cornelia Janik, Thomas Kleinlein
{"title":"When Soering Went to Iraq…: Problems of Jurisdiction, Extraterritorial Effect and Norm Conflicts in Light of the European Court of Human Rights’ Al-Saadoon Case","authors":"Cornelia Janik, Thomas Kleinlein","doi":"10.3249/GOJIL.V1I3.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/GOJIL.V1I3.86","url":null,"abstract":"In its admissibility decision in the Al-Saadoon case the ECtHR held that the United Kingdom had jurisdiction over the applicants, who had been arrested by British forces and kept in a British-run military prison in Iraq. Just before the respective mandate of the Security Council expired on 31 December 2008, the applicants were transferred to Iraqi custody at Iraqi request and thereby exposed to the risk of an unfair trial followed by capital punishment. In this respect, the case resembles the Soering case, although the applicants were, unlike Soering, not on British territory but on occupied Iraqi soil before they were handed over. This aspect raises the question of Iraqi sovereignty as a norm competing with the UK's human rights obligations. The authors trace back the ECtHR's case law concerning the extraterritorial application of the Convention and analyse the UK judgments and the ECtHR's admissibility decision in the Al-Saadoon affair from this angle. Furthermore they consider the doctrinal consequences of the ECHR's extraterritorial effect in cases like Soering and Al-Saadoon , where contracting parties violate guarantees of the Convention by exposing a person within their jurisdiction to a risk of a treatment contrary to these guarantees by a third state. Finally, they test the argument brought forward by the UK that not transferring the applicants would have violated Iraqi sovereignty and establish patterns how the ECtHR and the UK Courts did cope in the past with international law norms potentially competing with the Convention.","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123458903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Signing of the U.S.-India Agreement Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy 签署《美印和平利用核能协议》
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 2009-02-01 DOI: 10.3249/GOJIL.V1I1.26
Jörn Müller
{"title":"The Signing of the U.S.-India Agreement Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy","authors":"Jörn Müller","doi":"10.3249/GOJIL.V1I1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/GOJIL.V1I1.26","url":null,"abstract":"A. Introduction 180 B. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime 181 I. The NPT and Non-Proliferation 181 II. The Importance of Nuclear Disarmament 183 III. Other Concessions: Peaceful Cooperation and Security Guarantees 184 IV. The NPT’s Bargain at a Glance 185 V. Other Elements of the Non-Proliferation Regime 186 C. India and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime 187 I. The History of India’s Nuclear Program 187 II. The US-India Nuclear Agreement 189 III. The India-Specific Safeguards Agreement 190 IV. The Approval by the Nuclear Suppliers Group 191 D. The Compatibility of the Agreement with the NPT: A Preliminary Assessment 191 I. Possible Contravention of Art. I NPT by the United States 191 II. The US-India Agreement as a Gain for Non-Proliferation? 194 III. The Impact on Nuclear Disarmament 196 IV. Further Possible Repercussions 197 E. Conclusion 198","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127605348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The ICJ Opinion on the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Relation to Kosovo: Rules or Principles 国际法院关于单方面宣布科索沃独立的意见:规则或原则
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3249/1868-1581-2-3
Volker Roeben
{"title":"The ICJ Opinion on the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Relation to Kosovo: Rules or Principles","authors":"Volker Roeben","doi":"10.3249/1868-1581-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/1868-1581-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124348969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Reflections on the legality of attacks against the natural environment by way of reprisals 以报复手段攻击自然环境的合法性思考
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3249/1868-1581-10-1-PANTAZOPOULOS
S. Pantazopoulos
{"title":"Reflections on the legality of attacks against the natural environment by way of reprisals","authors":"S. Pantazopoulos","doi":"10.3249/1868-1581-10-1-PANTAZOPOULOS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/1868-1581-10-1-PANTAZOPOULOS","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the concept of belligerent reprisals and assesses the legality of attacking the environment by way of reprisals. The law of belligerent reprisals, which is linked to the principle of reciprocity, allows one belligerent State unlawfully injured by another to react by means of what under normal circumstances would constitute a violation of the jus in bello, so as to induce the violating State to comply with the law. The instances of lawful recourse to reprisals have been considerably limited, since their application is either explicitly prohibited against certain protected persons and objects, including against the natural environment","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127297368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Use of Scholarship by the WTO Appellate Body WTO上诉机构奖学金的使用
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3249/1868-1581-7-2-helmersen
Sondre Torp Helmersen
{"title":"The Use of Scholarship by the WTO Appellate Body","authors":"Sondre Torp Helmersen","doi":"10.3249/1868-1581-7-2-helmersen","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/1868-1581-7-2-helmersen","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the use of scholarship by the WTO Appellate Body. While it is not possible to say definitively how the Appellate Body views the legal status of scholarship in WTO dispute settlement, its use of scholarship will in practice determine its status. The article identifies three overall trends: the Appellate Body’s use of scholarship has declined, the Appellate Body uses scholarship mostly for matters of general international law (as opposed to WTO law), and the Appellate body has generally been careful in its use of scholarship. Possible explanations for these trends may include an increase in available precedents, the Appellate Body’s specialized role, criticism of the Appellate Body, and its members’ backgrounds.","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122286773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Prosecuting the Leaders: Promises, Politics and Practicalities 起诉领导人:承诺、政治与现实
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3249/1868-1581-1-1-CRYER
R. Cryer
{"title":"Prosecuting the Leaders: Promises, Politics and Practicalities","authors":"R. Cryer","doi":"10.3249/1868-1581-1-1-CRYER","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/1868-1581-1-1-CRYER","url":null,"abstract":"Given recent developments in relation to the prosecution of international crimes, it might be thought that one of the last bastions of sovereignty has been breached, and international criminal law has not only entrenched itself in international law. Indeed further to this, it has assumed a supranational position that stands entirely above States, promising justice for all and as a trump card over depredations committed in the name of State sovereignty. After all, Charles Taylor from Liberia is standing trial before the Special Court for Sierra Leone, Slobodan Milosevic only escaped judgment by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) by dying before the end of his trial, Saddam Hussein was prosecuted and sentenced to death before the Iraqi High Tribunal, and Omar al-Bashir has recently been the subject of a request for an arrest warrant from the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court. Surely international criminal law reaches its iconographic apogee with the prosecution of such leaders, brought down to size by the majesty of the law (if not the grandeur of the often aseptic courtrooms)?","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115114503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Rise of Self-Determination Versus the Rise of Democracy 自决的兴起与民主的兴起
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3249/1868-1581-2-3-VANDEWOUD
Cécile Vandewoude
{"title":"The Rise of Self-Determination Versus the Rise of Democracy","authors":"Cécile Vandewoude","doi":"10.3249/1868-1581-2-3-VANDEWOUD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/1868-1581-2-3-VANDEWOUD","url":null,"abstract":"This article challenges the traditional conception that the right to self-determination does not require a certain outcome. This article examines what restrictions international law imposes on peoples‟ choice to freely determine their political status. This article concludes that the right to self-determination calls for the installment of a form of government which is based on the consent of the governed, is substantially representative of all distinct groups in the country and respects human rights. Regardless of these duties imposed on governments one may only conclude from State practice that it is not observed by many States. As such the rise of self-determination may not automatically be equated to the rise of democracy.","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133744912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The German Constitutionalism and Global Law Transfers 德国宪政与全球法律变迁
Goettingen Journal of International Law Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3249/1868-1581-9-1-PAULUS-LEISS
Andreas L. Paulus, J. Leiss
{"title":"The German Constitutionalism and Global Law Transfers","authors":"Andreas L. Paulus, J. Leiss","doi":"10.3249/1868-1581-9-1-PAULUS-LEISS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3249/1868-1581-9-1-PAULUS-LEISS","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360658,"journal":{"name":"Goettingen Journal of International Law","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123304151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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