The Signing of the U.S.-India Agreement Concerning Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy

A. Introduction 180 B. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime 181 I. The NPT and Non-Proliferation 181 II. The Importance of Nuclear Disarmament 183 III. Other Concessions: Peaceful Cooperation and Security Guarantees 184 IV. The NPT’s Bargain at a Glance 185 V. Other Elements of the Non-Proliferation Regime 186 C. India and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime 187 I. The History of India’s Nuclear Program 187 II. The US-India Nuclear Agreement 189 III. The India-Specific Safeguards Agreement 190 IV. The Approval by the Nuclear Suppliers Group 191 D. The Compatibility of the Agreement with the NPT: A Preliminary Assessment 191 I. Possible Contravention of Art. I NPT by the United States 191 II. The US-India Agreement as a Gain for Non-Proliferation? 194 III. The Impact on Nuclear Disarmament 196 IV. Further Possible Repercussions 197 E. Conclusion 198