Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology最新文献

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Uniformity in shoot development in avocado grafts and its importance in establishing levels of indirect resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi 牛油果嫁接芽发育的均匀性及其在确定对 Phytophthora cinnamomi 的间接抗性水平方面的重要性
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2311-1
Y. López-Galé, Mauricio Fernando Martínez, Lizeth Paola Palacios Joya, Nubia Murcia-Riaño, Mario Augusto García-Dávila
{"title":"Uniformity in shoot development in avocado grafts and its importance in establishing levels of indirect resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi","authors":"Y. López-Galé, Mauricio Fernando Martínez, Lizeth Paola Palacios Joya, Nubia Murcia-Riaño, Mario Augusto García-Dávila","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2311-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2311-1","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Objective. The level of resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi in avocado germplasm can be evaluated indirectly through inoculation of the pathogen by wounding the stem. The objective of this work was to compare the conventional graft development method and the etiolated graft method to determine levels of indirect resistance to P. cinnamomi through the stem wound inoculation technique. Materials and methods. In the study, three isolates of P. cinnamomi and two avocado genotypes with different levels of resistance to the pathogen were used, Duke-7 (medium resistant) and Hass (susceptible). Clonal multiplication of the genotypes was carried out with buds grafted on rootstocks propagated by Antillean avocado seeds. Inoculation was performed on the shoot at a height of 8 cm and the growth of the lesions was measured for 24 days. With the data, the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) and the Coefficients Variation (CV) are calculated. The information was analyzed with a completely randomized experimental design with a 2*2*3 factorial arrangement (Method*Genotype*Isolation). Results. The analysis of variance for the AUDPC showed no differences between methods (p=0.1881); However, there were differences between genotypes, isolates and between the genotype*method and genotype*isolation interactions (p≤0.05). With the conventional method, the development of the outbreaks was late (141-159 days) and the size of the lesions was highly variable (CV=38.9-64.4%), being able to discriminate partial degrees of aggressiveness between isolates, but not levels of resistance between genotypes. The etiolated and greened shoots in the nursery, on the contrary, presented rapid growth (101-107 days) and greater uniformity in the lesions generated by the pathogen (CV=11.1-24.2%). Conclusion. The development of etiolated shoots in avocado grafts is proposed as a rapid alternative method that can guarantee greater uniformity in the development of lesions within the experimental units of a treatment, thus achieving greater reliability when evaluating and selecting preliminarily. avocado genotypes with indirect resistance attributes to P. cinnamomi.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Nejayote” valorization as a culture medium for Pseudomonas fluorescens and production of antifungal extracts 将 "Nejayote "用作荧光假单胞菌的培养基并生产抗真菌提取物
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2405-3
V. Rodríguez-Romero, Ramón Villanueva-Arce, E. Durán-Páramo
{"title":"“Nejayote” valorization as a culture medium for Pseudomonas fluorescens and production of antifungal extracts","authors":"V. Rodríguez-Romero, Ramón Villanueva-Arce, E. Durán-Páramo","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2405-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2405-3","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Objetive. Nejayote is an alkaline agroindustrial waste that is generated from the nixtamalization process of corn. The purpose of this work was to demonstrate that nejayote can be used as a culture medium for the growth of Pseudomonas fluorescens NR113647 and to produce metabolites with antifungal activity for the sustainable management of Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium solani. Materials and Methods. Culture media were formulated with nejayote and nejayote with glycerol, with pH 6 and 12. The bacterial biomass was separated by centrifugation and filtration and the antifungal capacity of the extracts against A. niger, B. cinerea and F. solani was determined. The determination of the metabolites present in the extracts was carried out. P. fluorescens NR113647 was able to grow on all media. Results. The extracts from nejayote at pH 12 showed inhibition of the growth of all the fungi evaluated; at least five metabolites produced by P. fluorescens NR113647 and involved in the biocontrol of phytopathogens were identified. Conclusion. Nejayote can be used as a culture medium for P. fluorescens NR113647, to produce biomass and secondary metabolites with antifungal capacity; in addition, nejayote could be used for the cultivation of other microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":" 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fusarium solani associated with Cedrela odorata and Swietenia macrophylla and their sensitivity to conventional fungicides 与 Cedrela odorata 和 Swietenia macrophylla 相关的 Fusarium solani 及其对常规杀真菌剂的敏感性
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2405-5
Lorenza Caamal-Eb, J. Cristóbal-Alejo, J. Tun-Suárez, A. Reyes-Ramírez, A. Uc-Várguez, S. E. García-Díaz
{"title":"Fusarium solani associated with Cedrela odorata and Swietenia macrophylla and their sensitivity to conventional fungicides","authors":"Lorenza Caamal-Eb, J. Cristóbal-Alejo, J. Tun-Suárez, A. Reyes-Ramírez, A. Uc-Várguez, S. E. García-Díaz","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2405-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2405-5","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Objective. In the state of Yucatan, Mexico, 10 million forest plants were produced in the last five years for various conservation and restoration actions. The main limitations in the production of these plants in nursery are disease induced by the genus Fusarium spp., that cause stem and root rots and plant production losses of up to 50%. The objective of the work was to identify the causal agent associated with stem and root rot and necrosis of cedar (Cedrela odorata) and mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) and their in vitro sensitivity to conventional fungicides. Materials and Methods. C. odorata and S. macrophylla plants were collected at three and six weeks of germination, respectively, with symptoms of necrosis and rot indicated; from where five fungal isolates were obtained and morphologically and molecularly identified. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of spores and the Minimum Lethal Concentration (MLC) of six conventional fungicides of recurrent application in the region (Prochloraz, Carbendazim, Benomyl, Fosetyl Al, Captan and Mancozeb) were determined in vitro by the microdilution method and validate their effectiveness and viability in the management of this problematic. Results. The morphology and molecular sequences of the isolates were similar to the reported for Fusarium solani. The MIC of F. solani spores for Prochloraz, Carbendazim, Benomyl, Captan and Mancozeb were 2.44. 11.38, 14.06, 7.81 and 7.81 ppm, respectively; Fosetyl Al, did not inhibit spore germination normal mycelial growth of the fungus was observed at the concentration evaluated. Conclusion. Prochloraz and Mancozeb had the lowest MLC with 2.44 and 7.81 ppm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141832570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phylogenomic diversity and genome mining of type Bacillus species: Searching for genes associated with biological control of phytopathogens 类型芽孢杆菌的系统发生组多样性和基因组挖掘:寻找与植物病原体生物防治相关的基因
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2402-9
Andrea Denisse Martínez-Vidales, Errikka Patricia Cervantes-Enríquez, Abraham Ruiz-Castrejón, José Humberto Romero-Silva, Maria Edith Ortega-Urquieta, F. I. Parra-Cota, S. de los Santos-Villalobos
{"title":"Phylogenomic diversity and genome mining of type Bacillus species: Searching for genes associated with biological control of phytopathogens","authors":"Andrea Denisse Martínez-Vidales, Errikka Patricia Cervantes-Enríquez, Abraham Ruiz-Castrejón, José Humberto Romero-Silva, Maria Edith Ortega-Urquieta, F. I. Parra-Cota, S. de los Santos-Villalobos","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2402-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2402-9","url":null,"abstract":"Objective/Background. Bacillus is a cosmopolitan bacterial genus with a great genome diversity. Thus, by exploring its genome background, it is possible to understand more about the physiological and biochemical traits involved in its biological control against phytopathogens. The objective of this work was to correlate the phylogenomic relationships of the type species of the genus Bacillus with the presence of gene clusters associated with biological control of plant pathogens, through genome mining. Materials and Methods. Based on the literature, 336 species belonging to the genus Bacillus have been reported; however, after re-classification, a total of 123 type species have been recognized, and curated genomes were found in the EzBioCloud platform (http://www.ezbiocloud.net/). The overall genome relatedness indices (OGRIs) were used for this work, which indicate how similar two sequences of a genome are. Then, the Realphy platform was used to create the phylogenomic tree 1.13 (Action-based phylogeny constructor reference). Finally, the prediction of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) associated with the biological control of phytopathogens was carried out using antiSMASH v6.0 (https://antismash. secondarymetabolites.org/). Results. The present strategy allowed us to correlate and predict the biological control capacity of the Bacillus species under study based on their taxonomic affiliation since at a shorter evolutionary distance from Bacillus subtilis a high potential capacity to produce biological control compounds was observed. However, the possibility that they acquire the ability to produce new biocontrol compounds during their evolutionary separation is not ruled out. Conclusion. This work validates the correlation between the taxonomic affiliation of the studied Bacillus species and their biological control capacity, which is useful in the bioprospecting stage to design promising biopesticides.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140726965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fungal causal agents of the Black Spot of the cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) in Colima, Mexico 墨西哥科利马仙人掌(Opuntia ficus-indica)黑斑病的真菌病原体
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2401-2
Zoila Lizbeth Chavarría-Cervera, A. Quezada-Salinas, Pedro Valadez-Ramírez, W. Chan-Cupul, J. E. Castrejón-Antonio, Juan Carlos Sánchez-Rangel
{"title":"Fungal causal agents of the Black Spot of the cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) in Colima, Mexico","authors":"Zoila Lizbeth Chavarría-Cervera, A. Quezada-Salinas, Pedro Valadez-Ramírez, W. Chan-Cupul, J. E. Castrejón-Antonio, Juan Carlos Sánchez-Rangel","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2401-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2401-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective/Background: The prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) holds significant economic, social, and cultural importance in Mexico. However, it is recurrently affected by Black Spot disease (BS), caused by various phytopathogenic fungi. Identifying the causal agents of BS in commercial prickly pear crops is crucial for efficient agronomic management of the disease. The objective of this study was to identify the phytopathogenic fungi responsible for BS in prickly pear plantations in the Colima state, Mexico. Materials and Methods: Fifty cladodes from 50 plants exhibiting BS symptoms were collected from commercial plantations in Colima. The pathogenicity of the isolated fungi was verified using Koch’s postulates, and those causing the most severe BS symptoms were molecularly identified. Results: Thirty-five fungi were isolated from plants with BS symptoms, of which 20 exhibited distinct mycelial growth. Only six fungi induced BS symptoms; three of them were responsible for severe symptoms in cladodes: Alternaria alternata, Corynespora cassiicola, and Neoscytalidium dimidiatum. Conclusion: BS is caused by various phytopathogenic fungi, but this is the first report of C. cassiicola and N. dimidiatum as causal agents of BS in prickly pear cactus.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140752786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Armillaria gallica associated with avocado root rot in Michoacán 米却肯州与鳄梨根腐病有关的五倍子滨虫
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2307-7
Jeny Michua-Cedillo, Daniel Téliz- Ortíz, S. Ochoa-Ascencio, M. Rodríguez-Guzmán, Alejandro Alarcón, Carlos de León, Gerardo Vázquez-Marrufo
{"title":"Armillaria gallica associated with avocado root rot in Michoacán","authors":"Jeny Michua-Cedillo, Daniel Téliz- Ortíz, S. Ochoa-Ascencio, M. Rodríguez-Guzmán, Alejandro Alarcón, Carlos de León, Gerardo Vázquez-Marrufo","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2307-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2307-7","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and background. Root rot and the death of avocado trees related to Armillaria is an emerging disease with a high economic impact in orchards established in previously forested areas of Michoacán. Nowadays, the species related with typical symptoms of wilting, yellowing, excessive fruit production and subcortical mycelia in the roots is unknown. The aim of this investigation was to molecularly characterize the species of Armillaria associated to avocado root rot. Materials and methods. For the morphological and molecular characterization, 60 root simples from trees found in three commercial orchards with a putative presence of Armillaria were processed in a malt-agar extract. The DNA of purified isolations were amplified by PCR with genes RPB2 and TEF α-1. The sequences were aligned using MAFFT and the phylogenies were constructed using the maximum likelihood algorithm in IQ-TREE. Results. Two species were consistently identified: A. gallica (20%) with a 100% homology, and A. mexicana (25%), with 98%. Another species that represented 55% of the isolations was not aligned with any group. Morphologically, the A. gallica basidiocarps coincide with the characteristics of this species. Conclusions. This is the first report on A. gallica associated to avocado root rot in Michoacán.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aerial and terrestrial digital images for quantification of powdery mildew severity in Ayocote bean (Phaseolus coccineus) 用于量化 Ayocote 豆(Phaseolus coccineus)白粉病严重程度的航空和地面数字图像
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2312-1
Alfonso Muñoz-Alcalá, G. Acevedo-Sánchez, Diana Gutiérrez-Esquivel, Oscar Bibiano-Nava, Ivonne García-González, Norma Ávila-Alistac, María José Armenta-Cárdenas, María del Carmen Zúñiga-Romano, Rene Gómez-Mercado, J. J. Coria-Contreras, Serafín Cruz-Izquierdo, Gustavo Mora-Aguilera, José Jesús Márquez-Diego
{"title":"Aerial and terrestrial digital images for quantification of powdery mildew severity in Ayocote bean (Phaseolus coccineus)","authors":"Alfonso Muñoz-Alcalá, G. Acevedo-Sánchez, Diana Gutiérrez-Esquivel, Oscar Bibiano-Nava, Ivonne García-González, Norma Ávila-Alistac, María José Armenta-Cárdenas, María del Carmen Zúñiga-Romano, Rene Gómez-Mercado, J. J. Coria-Contreras, Serafín Cruz-Izquierdo, Gustavo Mora-Aguilera, José Jesús Márquez-Diego","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2312-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2312-1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective/Background. Epidemiological research on Phaseolus coccineus is lacking. The aim was to develop and validate digital methods to quantify the severity associated with powdery mildew in ayocote bean. Materials and Methods. An ayocote bean plot with 65.3 % incidence and 22.7 % average powdery mildew foliar severity was selected. Based on 250 leaves collected in field with varying severity degrees, eight 7- and 8-class logarithmic-diagrammatic scales (ELD) were designed and validated in a controlled environment (CEV) and field (FV). In Rstudio®, accuracy (β), precision (R2), reproducibility (r), and agreement level were determined with Cohen’s kappa index (kw) and Lin’s concordance coefficient (LCC). Additionally, a Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) was performed by scale and assessment environment for clustering by similarity evaluation. In ArcMap® v10.3, in a 15-quadrant block, an ‘image segmentation’ analysis was performed using supervised classification and maximum likelihood to estimate powdery mildew severity and an indicator of canopy coverage index (VCI). Results. In VEC-1, v1r2 (ELD-7c; β=1.07, R2=0.93, r=0.87) and v1r1 (ELD-8c; β=0.97, R2=0.85, r=0.87) scales were best evaluated. In VEC-2, comparing clusters conformed in the HCA, the ELD-7c was the best scored with perfect accuracy (β>0.96), very high precision (R2>0.94), very high reproducibility (r=0.97-0.99) and very high agreement (κw>0.96; LCC>0.97); and in ELD-8c reproducibility and agreement decreased. In VCa, ELD-7c maintained optimal metrics, but ELD-8c reached ideal parameters for preventive ELD in early stages of powdery mildew (β>0.98, R2>0.98, r=0.99, κw=0.99-0.999, LCC=0.98-0.999). Image analysis estimated severity = 8.4 % (CI = 5.3 - 12.6 %) and ICV = 0.88 (CI = 0.76 - 0.99), contrasting with field assessment 47% (CI = 38.8 - 55.3%) and 0.46 (CI = 0.76 - 0.99), respectively, mainly with ICV > 0.94 due to less symptomatic leaf exposure. Suggests applicability for canopy estimation with restrictions for severity based on pathogen expression. Conclusion. A methodology for ELD development is proposed, comprising: image acquisition, processing and quantification; controlled validation and field validation. Validation statistics included precision (R2); accuracy (β); reproducibility (Pearson’s coefficient and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis); and agreement (Lin’s Coefficient and Kappa Index), proposed in a comprehensive approach for first time. RGB-drone images are proposed to estimate a comprehensive vigor and severity coverage index.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":" 86","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140221462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Iris yellow spot orthotospovirus pathosystem, virus host and vector (Thrips tabaci) 鸢尾黄斑病原病毒病原系统、病毒宿主和载体(蓟马)
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-03-17 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-8
Norma Ávila-Alistac, E. J. Zamora-Macorra, Héctor Lozoya- Saldaña
{"title":"Iris yellow spot orthotospovirus pathosystem, virus host and vector (Thrips tabaci)","authors":"Norma Ávila-Alistac, E. J. Zamora-Macorra, Héctor Lozoya- Saldaña","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-8","url":null,"abstract":"Iris yellow spot orthotospovirus (IYSV) causes serious problems in the onion (Allium cepa) crop and is widely distributed in the producing areas of the country. In Mexico it was reported in 2010 as “yellow spot” on onion and other members of the genus Allium. Its main vector is Thrips tabaci, which causes direct damage by feeding and by being a vector of other viruses such as Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus and Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus. Knowledge of the pathosystem of IYSV - Thrips tabaci - Allium cepa - weeds can contribute to an integrated management and awareness of pesticide use. The versatility of IYSV to infect more than 60 plant species (>20 families), most of which are present in Mexico, coupled with the wide host range of the vector, makes the interaction complex and leads to a better understanding of the diversity of alternate hosts of the vector and/or IYSV. At present, information on weed hosts of IYSV and the vector is limited, but their knowledge will provide a greater understanding of the disease. It is important to have a comprehensive knowledge of the virus, main host, alternate hosts, and vector in the country, in order to channel future research to counteract this problem and minimize losses caused by IYSV in the onion crop mainly.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"159 s1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140235492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic variability of two Mexican Tomato brown rugose fruit virus isolates and expression of symptoms in tomato and pepper 两种墨西哥番茄褐皱纹果病毒分离株的遗传变异以及番茄和辣椒症状的表达
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2311-2
Norma Ávila-Alistac, Gustavo Mora-Aguilera, Héctor Lozoya-Saldaña, E. J. Zamora-Macorra, Camilo Hernández-Juárez
{"title":"Genetic variability of two Mexican Tomato brown rugose fruit virus isolates and expression of symptoms in tomato and pepper","authors":"Norma Ávila-Alistac, Gustavo Mora-Aguilera, Héctor Lozoya-Saldaña, E. J. Zamora-Macorra, Camilo Hernández-Juárez","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2311-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2311-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objective/Background. The objective was to analyze the variability of two Mexican isolates of ToBRFV after a process of inoculation and multiplication in different commercial and Mexican landraces of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) (15 materials) and pepper (Capsicum annuum) (20 materials), and to evaluate the expression of symptoms under greenhouse conditions. Materials and Methods. In greenhouses, the post-infection variability of two isolates was analyzed: EM-JI2021 (State of Mexico) and C-JI2021 (Colima) in 15 genotypes of tomato and 20 of pepper. Each isolate was mechanically inoculated on five plants per genotype with a total of 150 plants (56 days old) of tomato and 200 of pepper. Three plants per genotype were used as controls. Sixty-one days after inoculation, one leaf per plant was collected for RT-PCR. Incidence and symptom expression were recorded. RNA extraction was by 2% CTAB. ToBRFV-F/ ToBRFV-R primers amplifying 475 bpb of the RpRd gene were used (SENASICA-CNRF). 24 RT-PCR products were sequenced, cleaned and aligned with NCBI Genbank records using MEGAv11.0.13. Based on epidemiological criteria, 34 sequences were selected from GenBank for variability analysis. Results. Ten days after inoculation, tomato genotypes exhibited severe mosaic, mild mosaic, and reduced leaf area. In pepper, symptoms differentiated by genotype were observed, including hypersensitivity reaction, leaf deformation, stem necrosis, mosaic, yellowing, necrotic lesions, and asymptomatic condition. Between position 2,124 to 2,500 bp there was 99.74 % homology with the first report of ToBRFV in Jordan (KT383474.1). Homology >99.74 % was found with isolates from USA (MT002973.1) and Canada (OQ674195.1). C-JI2021 exhibited no variability, while EM-JI2021 generated three haplotypes: One nucleotide change (c.2,355T>C) was detected in Mulato (pepper) and Don R (tomato), while two substitutions (c.2,278A>T; c.2,355T>C) were detected in Santawest, Altius, Sahariana and Nebula (tomato). Conclusion. The pathogenic intensity of ToBRFV varied from asymptomatic to severe depending on the combination of host, genotype, and haplotype. In short periods of infection, three haplotypes were detected, suggesting host-dependent mutagenic capacity of the virus.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"4 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Expression of the RPM1-RIN4-RPS2 complex in two citrus species with contrasting response to Huanglongbing 两种柑橘中 RPM1-RIN4-RPS2 复合物的表达对黄龙病的反应截然不同
Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2307-6
Eric Ángel Mendoza-Pérez, R. Santillán-Mendoza, Humberto Estrella- Maldonado, Cristian Matilde-Hernández, F. R. Flores-de la Rosa, J. Adame-García
{"title":"Expression of the RPM1-RIN4-RPS2 complex in two citrus species with contrasting response to Huanglongbing","authors":"Eric Ángel Mendoza-Pérez, R. Santillán-Mendoza, Humberto Estrella- Maldonado, Cristian Matilde-Hernández, F. R. Flores-de la Rosa, J. Adame-García","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2307-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2307-6","url":null,"abstract":"Objetive/Antecedents. Persian lime (Citrus latifolia) shows a very high level of tolerance to Huanglongbing (HLB). A recent study suggests that genes from the RPM1-RIN4-RPS2 complex could be partly responsible for HLB tolerance in Persian lime, unlike other highly susceptible species such as orange (C. sinensis). The objective of this study was to compare the expression of this gene complex between orange, highly susceptible to HLB, and Persian lime, a tolerant species. Materials and Methods. Sequences of the three genes of the complex for orange and Persian lime were obtained from databases of previously published works, alignments and primer design for gene expression were performed using various bioinformatics tools. Subsequently, tissue samples from symptomatic HLB-infected orange and Persian lime were obtained and infection was confirmed. The expression of the RPM1-RIN4-RPS2 genes was compared using endpoint RT-PCR. Results. The presence of all three genes of the complex was determined in both orange and Persian lime, and it was also determined that they are highly conserved between both species. Additionally, it was observed that there is no differential expression for the RPM1 gene in symptomatic HLB tissue; however, there is a difference in the expression of the RPS2 and RIN4 genes. Conclusion. The results suggest that the contrasting response to HLB could be associated with the activity of the interaction of the RIN4 and RPS2 genes, thus, this could be of interest for citrus genetic improvement aiming at HLB control.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"5 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140258226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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