Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology最新文献_第2页

Diversity and antibiotic resistance in bacteria associated with symptoms of bacterial infection in Costa Rican crops 哥斯达黎加农作物细菌感染症状相关细菌的多样性和抗生素耐药性

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2305-5

L. Uribe-Lorío, L. Uribe, César Rodríguez, Fernando García, Luis Felipe Aráuz

{"title":"Diversity and antibiotic resistance in bacteria associated with symptoms of bacterial infection in Costa Rican crops","authors":"L. Uribe-Lorío, L. Uribe, César Rodríguez, Fernando García, Luis Felipe Aráuz","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2305-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2305-5","url":null,"abstract":"Objetive/Background. The aim of this was to assess the diversity and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from 19 crops with bacterial infection symptoms. Material and Methods. This collection was identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the Biolog system. Susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for streptomycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin were determined using disk diffusion and E-test methods, respectively. Results. A total of 55 species belonging to 20 bacterial genera were identified, with Pseudomonas, Serratia, Pantoea, and Stenotrophomonas being the most abundant. Approximately 27% of the isolates were categorized as pathogenic through the hypersensitivity reaction test, including phytopathogenic species like Pseudomonas syringae, P. cichorii, Pantoea anthophila, P. stewartii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Dickeya oryzae, Erwinia billingiae, Pectobacterium aroidearum, and Enterobacter cloacae subsp. dissolvens. Resistance to at least one antibiotic was detected in 60% of isolates from 17 crops, with tomatoes, heart of palm, and lettuce exhibited the highest proportion of resistant bacteria (>80%). Streptomycin resistance was most common (35%), followed by tetracycline (28%) and gentamicin (9%). Conclusions. The findings indicate the presence of antibiotic resistance in saprophytic and pathogenic bacteria associated with 17 out of 19 assessed crops, posing risks to the environment, phytosanitary conditions, and public health.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"46 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological characterization, phylogeny and pathogenesis of Setophoma terrestris causing corky and pink roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Sinaloa, Mexico 墨西哥锡那罗亚州导致番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）木栓质根和粉红根的 Setophoma terrestris 的形态特征、系统发育和致病机理

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-5

Ana María López-López, J. M. Tovar-Pedraza, Josefina León-Félix, R. Allende-Molar, Nelson Bernardi L., I. Márquez-Zequera, R. S. García-Estrada

{"title":"Morphological characterization, phylogeny and pathogenesis of Setophoma terrestris causing corky and pink roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Sinaloa, Mexico","authors":"Ana María López-López, J. M. Tovar-Pedraza, Josefina León-Félix, R. Allende-Molar, Nelson Bernardi L., I. Márquez-Zequera, R. S. García-Estrada","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-5","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of Mexico’s main crops. In the years 2017 and 2018, symptoms of corky and pink roots were observed with an incidence of 10 to 20% in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico. In the foliage, plants presented a generalized chlorosis, with stunted growth and senescence in the leaves. In the roots, brown and pink lesions were formed, as well as a corky texture. The objective of this study was to morphologically and molecularly characterize fungal isolates associated to corky and pink root in tomato orchards in Culiacan, Sinaloa, as well as to evaluate their pathogenicity. Monoconidial isolates were obtained and they were identified as Setophoma terrestris, based on their morphological characteristics. To confirm the identity, the area of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the rDNA was amplified and sequenced, along with a fragment of the gene 28S of the rRNA (LSU). Using the sequences obtained, a phylogenetic tree was created using the Bayesian Inference and it was found that the sequences were grouped with the ex–type sequences of Setophoma terrestris. The pathogenicity of the isolates was verified by inoculating mycelial discs into the root of 10 one-month-old tomato seedlings. The roots of the seedlings inoculated with PDA discs without mycelium served as a control. Thirty days after inoculation, corky and pink root symptoms appeared, whereas the roots of control plants remained healthy. According to the morphological characterization, the molecular identification and the pathogenicity tests, Setophoma terrestris was confirmed to be the causal agent of corky and pink root in agricultural tomato orchards in Culiacan, Sinaloa.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139781874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological characterization, phylogeny and pathogenesis of Setophoma terrestris causing corky and pink roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Sinaloa, Mexico 墨西哥锡那罗亚州导致番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）木栓质根和粉红根的 Setophoma terrestris 的形态特征、系统发育和致病机理

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-02-13 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-5

Ana María López-López, J. M. Tovar-Pedraza, Josefina León-Félix, R. Allende-Molar, Nelson Bernardi L., I. Márquez-Zequera, R. S. García-Estrada

{"title":"Morphological characterization, phylogeny and pathogenesis of Setophoma terrestris causing corky and pink roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Sinaloa, Mexico","authors":"Ana María López-López, J. M. Tovar-Pedraza, Josefina León-Félix, R. Allende-Molar, Nelson Bernardi L., I. Márquez-Zequera, R. S. García-Estrada","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-5","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of Mexico’s main crops. In the years 2017 and 2018, symptoms of corky and pink roots were observed with an incidence of 10 to 20% in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico. In the foliage, plants presented a generalized chlorosis, with stunted growth and senescence in the leaves. In the roots, brown and pink lesions were formed, as well as a corky texture. The objective of this study was to morphologically and molecularly characterize fungal isolates associated to corky and pink root in tomato orchards in Culiacan, Sinaloa, as well as to evaluate their pathogenicity. Monoconidial isolates were obtained and they were identified as Setophoma terrestris, based on their morphological characteristics. To confirm the identity, the area of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the rDNA was amplified and sequenced, along with a fragment of the gene 28S of the rRNA (LSU). Using the sequences obtained, a phylogenetic tree was created using the Bayesian Inference and it was found that the sequences were grouped with the ex–type sequences of Setophoma terrestris. The pathogenicity of the isolates was verified by inoculating mycelial discs into the root of 10 one-month-old tomato seedlings. The roots of the seedlings inoculated with PDA discs without mycelium served as a control. Thirty days after inoculation, corky and pink root symptoms appeared, whereas the roots of control plants remained healthy. According to the morphological characterization, the molecular identification and the pathogenicity tests, Setophoma terrestris was confirmed to be the causal agent of corky and pink root in agricultural tomato orchards in Culiacan, Sinaloa.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"55 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139841712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of endophytic bacteria growth-promoting in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum) 马铃薯植物（Solanum tuberosum）中促进生长的内生细菌的特征

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-4

R. Longoria-Espinoza, Cristal Leyva-Ruiz, Gloria Margarita Zamudio-Aguilasocho, R. Félix-Gastélum

{"title":"Characterization of endophytic bacteria growth-promoting in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum)","authors":"R. Longoria-Espinoza, Cristal Leyva-Ruiz, Gloria Margarita Zamudio-Aguilasocho, R. Félix-Gastélum","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-4","url":null,"abstract":"Objective/Background. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the in vitro plant growth-promoting activity of endophytic bacteria isolated in tissue from Atlantic variety potato plants from the municipality of Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico. Materials and Methods. The bacterial population was isolated in Lb agar culture medium; two bacterial isolates were obtained from the root and two from the stem, all four Gram positive. The bacterial population of the tissue samples was expressed as (CFU/g-1). The phosphate solubilization capacity, production of chitinases and siderophores were qualitatively evaluated. Results. Partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene was performed, allowing the identification of associated bacterial species within the Firmicutes. 100% of the strains were identified as Bacillus sp. with identities greater than 97%: B. cereus, B. tropicus, B. thuringiensis, B. fungorum. The B. thuringiensis and B. cereus strains showed positive activity in promoting plant growth in vitro through phosphate solubilization, production of chitinases and siderophores. B. cereus and B. tropicus presented inhibitory capacity greater than 50% for Sclerothium rolfsii. Conclusion. It is relevant to continue research carried out in the laboratory, in order to determine its potential in the field, improving the production of potato crops.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"125 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139605005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Candidatus Liberibacter solananearum-tomato as an experimental system for the study of genes associated with Huanglongbing in Mexican lime 研究墨西哥酸橙黄龙病相关基因的实验系统--番茄自由杆菌

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2022-5

María Cristina Hernández-Peraza, Ángela Paulina Arce Leal, Ana Marlenne Bojórquez-Orozco, E. Rodríguez-Negrete, M. E. Santos-Cervantes, J. Méndez-Lozano, N. E. Leyva-López

{"title":"Candidatus Liberibacter solananearum-tomato as an experimental system for the study of genes associated with Huanglongbing in Mexican lime","authors":"María Cristina Hernández-Peraza, Ángela Paulina Arce Leal, Ana Marlenne Bojórquez-Orozco, E. Rodríguez-Negrete, M. E. Santos-Cervantes, J. Méndez-Lozano, N. E. Leyva-López","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2022-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2022-5","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing impact of phloem-restricted bacteria on economically important crops has led to renewed interest in understanding the pathogenesis at the genomic and histological levels of these diseases. The genus Candidatus Liberibacter is associated with economically devastating diseases, highlighting Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) and Candidatus Liberibacter solanaceraum (CLso) in citrus and vegetables. Plant-pathogen interaction studies are limited due to the non-culturable nature of the pathogenic species of the genus Ca. Liberibacter, as well as the lack of experimental models. The objective of this work was to implement a model for the study of bacteria of the genus Candidatus Liberibacter, using tomato-CLso as an experimental model. Through a time course analysis of the tomato-CLso infective process, it was determined that there is a direct correlation between the bacterial load and symptom development, differentiated into early, intermediate and late stages. Additionally, a comparative transcriptional analysis of antibacterial defense marker genes (PR-P1, miR160, and miR393) determined that the response of these genes in the tomato-CLso and lime-CLas pathosystems are equivalent. Our results demonstrate that the tomato-CLso system represents an important model for the study of the interaction between plants and non-cultivable phloem restricted bacteria.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"48 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biostimulant effect of native Trichoderma strains on the germination of four varieties of basil 本地毛霉菌株对四个罗勒品种发芽的生物刺激作用

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2303-1

Juanita Guadalupe Hollman-Aragón, Mirella Romero-Bastidas, P. Arce-Amezquita, A. Palacios-Espinosa

{"title":"Biostimulant effect of native Trichoderma strains on the germination of four varieties of basil","authors":"Juanita Guadalupe Hollman-Aragón, Mirella Romero-Bastidas, P. Arce-Amezquita, A. Palacios-Espinosa","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2303-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2303-1","url":null,"abstract":"Objetive/antecedents. Trichoderma is an efficient tool as biostimulant in basil crop. However, only few species have been studied in specific cultivars. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the biostimulant efficacy of native Trichoderma strains on the germination and growth of four varieties of basil. Materials and Methods. Seven strains of Trichoderma (T. asperellum, atroviride, viride, longibrachiatum, harzianum, koningii and Trichoderma sp.), a commercial Trichoderma (T. harzianum), synthetic fertilizer (T17) and the control were used in the study. 30 seeds of the Purple Ruffles, Lemon, Siam Queen and Nufar varieties were treated with a spore suspension of each Trichoderma. 48 h later, the seeds were sown and incubated at 28 °C with a 12 h light/dark photoperiod. The variables evaluated were; Rate and percentage of germination, biomass and length of seedlings. Results. T. atroviride presented the greatest biostimulant effect on germination (95%). While T. asperellum registered an increased efficiency in biomass (≥ 0.120 g) and length (≥ 1.0 cm) of the plant in the four varieties. The action of commercial T. was lower in all cases. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that the native strains of Trichoderma have a biostimulant effect on plants and are more effective than commercial species.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"56 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138954713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment of an efficient protocol for in vitro disinfection of seeds of seven Agave spp. species 制定七种龙舌兰属植物种子体外消毒的有效方案

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-1

María Guadalupe Aguilar-Rito, A. Arzate-Fernández, Hilda Guadalupe García-Núñez, T. H. Norman-Mondragón

{"title":"Establishment of an efficient protocol for in vitro disinfection of seeds of seven Agave spp. species","authors":"María Guadalupe Aguilar-Rito, A. Arzate-Fernández, Hilda Guadalupe García-Núñez, T. H. Norman-Mondragón","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2310-1","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Disinfection of Agave seeds is a crucial step in in vitro culture to prevent contamination, which can be caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses that can affect seedling growth and reduce seed germination rate. Therefore, proper seed disinfection is essential to ensure vigorous and healthy plant growth. Objective. Generate an efficient seed disinfection protocol in seven species of Agave; Agave marmorata, A. karwinskii, A. potatorum, A. angustifolia, A. cupreata, A. horrida and A. salmiana to reduce pollution levels. Materials and methods. A total of 12 disinfection treatments with disinfectants and different combinations were evaluated. The disinfectants used were; 3 % Hydrogen Peroxide for 24 h, Commercial Sodium Hypochlorite 5 % (v/v) for 5 min, Calcium Hypochlorite 8 % (w/v) for 15 min, Copper Sulfate 30 % (v/v) for 10 min, Mercury Chloride II 0.1 % (w/v) for 10 min. Before each treatment was tested, the seeds were pre-washed with liquid soap and subjected to the treatments. Subsequently, they were sown in DM medium and the percentage of germination and contamination for each treatment was evaluated weekly for a period of 30 days. Additionally, the contaminating microorganisms found were identified. Results. The best treatment for seed disinfection was 30 % copper sulfate (v/v) for 10 min, 0.1 % mercuric chloride II for 10 min and 3 % hydrogen peroxide for 24 h, obtaining 100 % disinfection. Conclusion. Four genera of fungi were identified: Monilinia sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Alternaria alternata, a bacterium; Bacillus sp., and a yeast, Schizosaccharomyces sp.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacillus sp. A8a reduces leaf wilting by Phytophthora and modifies tannin accumulation in avocado A8a 型芽孢杆菌可减少疫霉造成的叶片枯萎并改变鳄梨中单宁酸的积累

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-2

Edgar Guevara-Avendaño, I. A. Solís-García, Alfonso Méndez-Bravo, F. Pineda-García, Guillermo Angeles-Alvarez, Carolina Madero-Vega, S. Fernández-Pavía, Alejandra Mondragón-Flores, F. Reverchon

{"title":"Bacillus sp. A8a reduces leaf wilting by Phytophthora and modifies tannin accumulation in avocado","authors":"Edgar Guevara-Avendaño, I. A. Solís-García, Alfonso Méndez-Bravo, F. Pineda-García, Guillermo Angeles-Alvarez, Carolina Madero-Vega, S. Fernández-Pavía, Alejandra Mondragón-Flores, F. Reverchon","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2309-2","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to assess the biocontrol capacity of Bacillus sp. A8a in avocado (Persea americana) plants infected by Phytophthora cinnamomi. A greenhouse experiment was implemented with four treatments: 1) control plants; 2) plants infected with P. cinnamomi; 3) plants inoculated with Bacillus sp. A8a; 4) plants infected with P. cinnamomi and inoculated with Bacillus sp. A8a. We evaluated several morpho-physiological variables during the experiment, which lasted 25 days after infection (dai). Moreover, we analyzed tannin density in stems at 25 dai to determine the plant defense response against the disease. Inoculation with strain A8a reduced wilting symptoms by 49 % at 25 dai, compared with non-inoculated plants. No differences were detected in morphophysiological variables between treatments. However, a greater tannin accumulation was registered in the xylem of infected plants, whilst plants inoculated with strain A8a displayed a larger tannin density in the cortex. Our results confirm the biocontrol activity of Bacillus sp. A8a in avocado plants and suggest that tannin differential accumulation in the cortex of plants inoculated with the bacteria may contribute to the enhanced tolerance of avocado plants against Phytophthora root rot.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"422 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathogenicity, virulence and in vitro sensitivity of Elsinoe perseae (= Sphaceloma perseae) isolates to different fungicides 不同杀菌剂对波斯埃尔辛(Elsinoe perseae)菌株致病性、毒力及体外敏感性的影响

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2302-3

Edna Esquivel-Miguel, José Luciano Morales-García, M. E. Pedraza-Santos, Ana T. Chávez-Bárcenas, Soledad García-Morales, Samuel Pineda-Guillermo

{"title":"Pathogenicity, virulence and in vitro sensitivity of Elsinoe perseae (= Sphaceloma perseae) isolates to different fungicides","authors":"Edna Esquivel-Miguel, José Luciano Morales-García, M. E. Pedraza-Santos, Ana T. Chávez-Bárcenas, Soledad García-Morales, Samuel Pineda-Guillermo","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2302-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2302-3","url":null,"abstract":"Elsinoe perseae (= Sphaceloma perseae) is the causal agent of the Mancha purpura or scab in avocado (Persea americana). In this study, the pathogenicity and virulence of E. perseae isolates from different agroecological producing areas of Michoacán, Mexico will be reduced. For this, nursery plants with avocado fruits of Flor de María and Méndez varieties were used. On the other hand, the in vitro sensitivity of chemical fungicides (azoxystrobin, thiabendazole, pyraclostrobin, cyprodinil + fludioxonil and azoxystrobin + propiconazole) and authorized for use in orchards with organic management (copper sulfate, copper gluconate, copper oxychloride and the plant extract Larrea tridentata). The observed symptoms of Mancha purpura in the inoculated fruits were corroborated with those described for E. perseae in avocado. Inoculated fruits Flor de María variety shows the highest susceptibility to the pathogen. The isolates of E. perseae presented different degrees of virulence. The isolates showed different in vitro sensitivity values to the fungicides evaluated in the experiment. The pathogen showed the most sensitivity in vitro to chemical fungicides: thiabendazole and azoxystrobin + propiconazole (100% inhibition), and to those authorized in orchards with organic management: L. tridentata and copper oxychloride (on average 58% inhibition).","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"282 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122944399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diagrammatic scale to evaluate the severity of gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) in pomegranate 用图示量表评价石榴灰霉病的严重程度

Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.18781/r.mex.fit.2302-9

Alberto Patricio-Hernández, Y. Mercado-Flores, A. Téllez-Jurado, María del Rocío Ramírez-Vargas, A. Quezada-Salinas

{"title":"Diagrammatic scale to evaluate the severity of gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) in pomegranate","authors":"Alberto Patricio-Hernández, Y. Mercado-Flores, A. Téllez-Jurado, María del Rocío Ramírez-Vargas, A. Quezada-Salinas","doi":"10.18781/r.mex.fit.2302-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.2302-9","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to design and validate a diagrammatic scale to estimate the severity of gray mold induced by Botrytis cinerea in pomegranate cultivation. A total of 120 healthy and diseased fruits with varying degrees of affliction were collected from orchards with active production located in the municipalities of Chilcuahutla and Taxquillo in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico (20° 18’ 11’’ N, 99° 14’ 23’’ W, 20° 32’ 01’’ N, 99° 20’ 03’’ W, respectively). From these, 60 were selected to determine the severity percentage, according to a 6-class scale (Class 0 = 0%, Class 1 = >0% - 5% - 10%, Class 2 = >10% - 25% - 50%, Class 3 = >50% - 75% - 85%, Class 4 = >85% - 90% - 95%, and Class 5 = >95% - 100%), using the 2LOG software. With the obtained data, representative images were selected to build the diagrammatic scale using Adobe Photoshop. The accuracy (r2 ), precision (β0 ), and reproducibility (β1 ) were verified by simple linear regression applied to the data obtained by 12 evaluators with and without experience in the observation of plant diseases. As a result, values of r2 of 0.42 and 0.85 were obtained, without and with the use of the scale, respectively, which confirmed that this tool is suitable to evaluate the severity of the disease accurately and reproducibly.","PeriodicalId":360578,"journal":{"name":"Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, Mexican Journal of Phytopathology","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126417657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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