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Critique of USGA Reco mmendations for A Method of Putting Green Construction 对 USGA 推杆果岭建造方法建议的评论
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-29 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556263
Philip J Brown
{"title":"Critique of USGA Reco mmendations for A Method of Putting Green Construction","authors":"Philip J Brown","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556263","url":null,"abstract":"The United States Golf Association (USGA) originally published specifications for greens construction in a 1960 five-page publication. The document was designed as a guide to golf course builders to ensure greens would provide good playing conditions for many years, and is based on research from the Green Section, UCLA, and Texas A & M College. Reco mmendations from this document were designed to provide a green with sufficient drainage and resistance to compaction, a combination difficult to achieve without a degree of compromise. Since this release, the original reco mmendations have been updated four times, most recently in 2018. The document gives guidance on a range of soil physical properties including bulk density, porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, grain size distribution, bridging factors, and amendments. The most recent version of the specifications builds on previous versions; however, some reco mmendations warrant further examination such as the statement that addition of small amounts of soil to a rootzone mix will likely reduce the infiltration rate without a significant increase in water retention.","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":"48 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141209333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laboratory Soil Handling Affects CO2 Respiration, Amino-N and Water Stable Aggregate Results 实验室土壤处理影响二氧化碳呼吸，氨基氮和水稳定团聚体的结果
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-23 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556262
Brinton Wf
{"title":"Laboratory Soil Handling Affects CO2 Respiration, Amino-N and Water Stable Aggregate Results","authors":"Brinton Wf","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556262","url":null,"abstract":"Laboratory analysis of soil traits associated with soil quality or soil health has gained popularity very recently reflecting a trend begun over a half-century ago scrutinizing farming systems for potentially deleterious soil effects. This renewed focus has brought into the forefront concerns about how laboratory soil handling may influence the observed traits. We find evidence in the literature that many but not all these concerns were addressed decades ago before the topic became of widespread interest but also before the soil testing industry modernized to high-throughput methods of soil homogenization not designed for soil quality investigations. Consequently, we find it necessary to retrace some steps in order to better characterize artifacts that may hamper objective evaluation of soil responses associated with soil health before conclusions of management effects of farming systems are drawn. Our study examined soils processed by a soil proficiency program by creating two size groups representing intensive and light soil disturbance and discerned differential effects of sieve sizes and moistening properties depending on which soil quality tests were used. The largest effects were due to wetting and not to sieving when comparing CO2 respiration, whereas sieving significantly influenced extractable amino-N and water stable aggregates. We found no evidence that a colorimetric thin-layer gel method (Solvita) for CO2 capture would lead to different conclusions when compared to an IRGA-infrared respirometer. It is recommended that future work continue to examine soil handling factors commonly employed for nutrient analyses which may be inconsistent with the goals of soil quality evaluation.","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":"70 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123119403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analyses of A Smoke-Dried Meat Product (Kamsa) During Six Months Storage Period 一种熏干肉制品（Kamsa）在六个月储存期间的理化和微生物分析
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556261
H. L. Yusuf
{"title":"Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Analyses of A Smoke-Dried Meat Product (Kamsa) During Six Months Storage Period","authors":"H. L. Yusuf","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556261","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh beef with low moisture content from skeletal muscle was used to produce the sample based on a standardized method. The sample produced was sterilized, packaged, and stored as the sample stock for further analyses over a period of six months. Data was generated from the proximate, chemical, and microbiological analyses of the packaged smoked-dried product. The proximate and chemical analyses showed a gradual and significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in moisture content from the fourth month, while the ash and protein contents showed a continuous significant (P≤0.05) increase as the storage period progressed. The fat content also decreased significantly (P≤0.05) during the third month, and then stabilized from fourth to sixth months. The Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) content increased significantly (P≤0.05) from month 4, indicating the occurrence of oxidation reactions. The results of the microbial analyses, expressed in cfu/g indicate the presence of both bacteria and fungi, but in numbers that did not exceed the microbiological limits for ready- to- eat foods of 102 to ˂ 104 cfu/g, leading to the conclusion that kamsa could be stored at ambient temperatures for up to six months without significant deteriorative effects if properly packaged.","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141211126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Reusing Sewage Sludge in Agriculture: A Mini-Review 污水污泥在农业中的再利用：微型综述
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-13 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556260
U. Corato
{"title":"Reusing Sewage Sludge in Agriculture: A Mini-Review","authors":"U. Corato","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556260","url":null,"abstract":"Sewage sludge production in European countries has widely raised in the last decade and its fate is currently landfilling, incinerators, composting, land application, or anaerobic digestion. To explore its agronomic potential, the main target of this mini review is to understand the effects of anaerobic digestates from sewage sludge in agriculture as soil improver.","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":"97 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141215460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
What are the Contemporary Possibilities to Improve Biological Seed Quality? Some Private Opinions 提高生物种子质量的当代可能性是什么？一些私人意见
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-09 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556259
L. Bláha
{"title":"What are the Contemporary Possibilities to Improve Biological Seed Quality? Some Private Opinions","authors":"L. Bláha","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141215809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Insight of Mycovirus from Trichoderma spp. 从毛霉菌中发现霉菌病毒
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-09 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556258
Beilei Wu
{"title":"The Insight of Mycovirus from Trichoderma spp.","authors":"Beilei Wu","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556258","url":null,"abstract":"Trichoderma spp. are used extensively in agriculture as a biological control agent to prevent soil-borne plant diseases. In recent years, mycoviruses from fungi have attracted increasing attention due to their effects on their hosts, but Trichoderma mycoviruses is in the beginning stage as the subject of extensive study. At present, eight researches were on the mycoviruses from Trichoderma spp. techniques of genome sequencing, elimination of dsRNA, detection of dsRNA, transmission of mycovirus were elaborated. With the deep research on the mycovirus, more and more effective methods for these basic researches should be applied. The topics about antagonism and biocontrol function of mycovirus will better push the deep exploration on the interaction among Trichoderma-mycovirus-plant (or pathogen), which also will have the driving role on seeking and screening more resources of Trichoderm spp. possessing biocontrol capabilities with mycoviruses.","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":"60 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141215722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cryopreservation Technique, As a Massal Rearing Method for Egg Parasitoid of Pentatomidae Complex Species 低温保存技术，作为大规模饲养五蠹科昆虫卵寄生虫的方法
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556257
Bruno Zachrisson
{"title":"Cryopreservation Technique, As a Massal Rearing Method for Egg Parasitoid of Pentatomidae Complex Species","authors":"Bruno Zachrisson","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141215943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Quality of Sachet Water Sold in Kumbotso LGA, Kano State, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡诺州 Kumbotso 地方政府所售袋装水的理化和微生物质量评估
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-08 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556256
Mohammed M
{"title":"Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Quality of Sachet Water Sold in Kumbotso LGA, Kano State, Nigeria","authors":"Mohammed M","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556256","url":null,"abstract":"The rise in number of sachet water producers in Kano state calls for continuous and vigorous surveillance of the quality of water consumed by the populace to ensure compliance with the WHO and NAFDAC standards for such products. This study assessed the quality of sixteen brands of sachet water sold in Kumbotso LGA of Kano State, Nigeria. Physical assay, physico-chemical, heavy metal contents and microbiological quality assessments of the water samples were carried out. Not all the water samples examined contained any information on their manufacturing and/or expiry dates. The pH, temperature, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) of all the sachet water brands conformed to the WHO standards. All the five heavy metals (arsenic, lead, iron, copper and zinc) analyzed are observed to be within the safety limits recommended by WHO, however Coliforms and some other pathogenic bacteria were detected in 31% of the sachet water brands; leading to the conclusion that 69% of the sachet water sold in Kumbotso LGA of Kano State is safe for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141215682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Medicinal Remedies is Plant are Species of Staphylea pinnata L. and Family Staphyleaceae Lindl. in the Georgia (South Caucasus) 格鲁吉亚（南高加索）的药用植物是松叶金针菜（Staphylea pinnata L.）和金针菜科金针菜属（Staphyleaceae Lindl.）的物种。
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556255
M. Akhalkatsi
{"title":"Medicinal Remedies is Plant are Species of Staphylea pinnata L. and Family Staphyleaceae Lindl. in the Georgia (South Caucasus)","authors":"M. Akhalkatsi","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.24.556255","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants of Staphylea pinnata L. Family Staphyleaceae Lindl. are in the genus Staphylea L. Species. Staphylea pinnata L. is an accepted name in Georgia and it is medicinal plants and it has vitamin A, B1, C, E. This plants it has gene 2n=26. Staphylea pinnata L. is an accepted name in Georgia and is are 1-Kakheti 320 m-618m. 2-Tbilisi 400m-769m. 3-Lower-Kartli BakMedicinal plants of Staphylea pinnata L. Family Staphyleaceae Lindl. are in the genus Staphylea L. Species. Staphylea pinnata L. is an accepted name in Georgia and it is medicinal plants and it has vitamin A, B1, C, E. This plants it has gene 2n=26. Staphylea pinnata L. is an accepted name in Georgia and is are 1-Kakheti 320 m-618m. 2-Tbilisi 400m-769m. 3-Lower-Kartli Bakuriani 534m–862m and Borjomi 788m-977m. 4-Samtskhe-Javakheti Akhaltsikhe 932m-1058m. 5-Adjara 234m-519m. Staphylea pinnata L. is a deciduous shrub growing to 4.5m. Said to taste like pistachios, the seeds are eaten by children in village Shilda. Plants for a future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a Georgia before using a plant medicinally. It is a shrub or small tree, with 5 m tall green shoots. Leaves 5-7 elongate, toothed, 5.5-11cm long. Leaves of leaves blunt 7-10mm long, 2.5-3.5mm wide. The seeds are of great size, 1-1.2cm long and 1.1cm wide. Georgian flora has species of Staphylea pinnata L. and it is an accepted scientific name is for and the Kakheti and this is the village Shilda. Georgian flora has species of Staphylea pinnata L. and it is an accepted scientific name is for and the Kakheti and this is the village Shilda. This is the plants and where my mother Tsira Sidamon-Eristavi is apartment as medicinal plants is the village of Shilda. Habitats Rich moist thickets along streams and the borders of woods.","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":" 714","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141218891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impacts of Invasive Species on Agriculture in Hawaii 入侵物种对夏威夷农业的影响
Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Pub Date : 2020-03-17 DOI: 10.19080/artoaj.2020.22.556253
Yiqing Li
{"title":"Impacts of Invasive Species on Agriculture in Hawaii","authors":"Yiqing Li","doi":"10.19080/artoaj.2020.22.556253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/artoaj.2020.22.556253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":360573,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141222065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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