Medicine in Microecology最新文献

{"title":"An urgent call to identify the probable cause of severe acute hepatitis outbreak in children","authors":"Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq , Gita Vita Soraya","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9390331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10409872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The gut microbiome: linking dietary fiber to inflammatory diseases","authors":"Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Dejun Fan ,&nbsp;Jian-lin Huang ,&nbsp;Tao Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dietary fiber intake in humans is nowadays substantially decreased as compared to the communities of ancestral populations. Accompanying that, the incidences of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), allergy, and other autoimmune diseases are steadily increasing over the past 60 years, especially in high-income countries, which is partly attributed to the changing dietary habit in modern societies. Chronic inflammation triggered by immune disorders is the central part of the pathophysiology of various non-communicable diseases. Dietary fiber intake is inexorably linked to the gut microbiome leading to the reduction of inflammation. This review explores how dietary fibers modulate the gut microbiota composition and function leading to the alteration of host physiology. High-fiber dietary regime has been consistently shown to increase the microbiome alpha diversity and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria in the human gut. SCFAs are the main players in the interplay between diet, microbiota, and host health. In clinical settings, therapies with high fiber or SCFA supplementations are proposed for inflammatory diseases. However, due to greater variations in the dosage, type, and duration of dietary fiber intervention in different clinical trials, the effects remain controversial. Unraveling the mechanisms exerted by dietary fiber in synergy with the gut microbiome in human pathophysiology holds a promising prospect in guiding next-generation precision therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590097822000209/pdfft?md5=f6a038dfbd725fe802b3ba373fe9d515&pid=1-s2.0-S2590097822000209-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41378563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC 878 impacts colorectal cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats through changing the gut microbiota","authors":"Ata Ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Asif Iqbal khan ,&nbsp;Yi Xin ,&nbsp;Waleed Yousuf ,&nbsp;Ahmad ,&nbsp;Wang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A main cause of cancer-related mortality, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world. A number of variables, including a poor dietary and lifestyle, genetics, metabolic problems, and inheritance, are linked to the risk of CRC. However, it has been studied extensively about the involvement of various environmental factors which facilitates the development of this particular type of cancer in both genders. These elements includes excessive consumption of meat, refined grain and their products, starch, sugars in distinct forms, and alcohol are at top of the list. Hence, to execute the significance of <em>Lactobacillus acidophilus</em> CGMCC 878 (L.A 878) which may possibly hinder the development as well as progression of chemically induce colorectal tumor in <em>in-vivo</em> model via transformation of gut microbiota. We had established CRC in male Sprague-Dawley rats through subcutaneously inject the carcinogen named 1,2 dimethylhydrazine hydrochloride (DMH). We had detected the microbial diversity among different groups which included in the study by evaluation of stool samples by the virtue of molecular genetic computation. Although, we had targeted the bacterial V3 region by using classic molecular technique of PCR-DGGE (Polymerase chain reaction- Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) followed by excision of amplified bands and were cloned for sequencing. The DGGE profiles of distinct groups demonstrated significant alterations between DMH group, short-term L. acidophilus group (p ​&lt; ​0.05), and the long-term L. acidophilus group (P 0.001). The fecal-glucuronidase was significantly overexpressed in DMH group associated with long-term L. acidophilus group (p ​&lt; ​0.05). Hence, prolong administration of L.A 878 could reduce the development of colorectal tumors in rats by altering the intestinal pathogenic bacteria (Ruminococcus obeum, Clostridium thermocellum, Bacteroides vulgates, Mycoplasma leachii, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica) and beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus). These observations suggested that Lactobacillus acidophilus CGMCC 878 may have therapeutic potential in attenuating carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal (GI) tract.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100062"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S259009782200012X/pdfft?md5=d085b2690988bd0714e1d25914fdd1a1&pid=1-s2.0-S259009782200012X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44797541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and clinical factors affecting serum IL-6, and its correlation with the severity, and mortality of COVID-19","authors":"Wael Hafez","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9674394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10719944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture alters the intestinal microbiota in mice with valproic acid (VPA)-induced autism-like behavior","authors":"Zirong Bai ,&nbsp;Qingran Li ,&nbsp;Xiaojin Qin ,&nbsp;Jiande Chen ,&nbsp;Meng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gut microbiota influences the development of brain and behaviors in patients with autism. Acupuncture therapy reportedly alleviates the symptoms of patients with autism and can regulate the gut microbiota of patients with a disease of the central nervous system via the gut microbiota-brain axis. However, whether acupuncture therapy influences the function and composition of the gut microbiota in patients with autism remains unclear. Therefore, the present study was conducted using a valproic acid (VPA)-induced autism mouse model to investigate how acupuncture therapy influences the intestinal microbiota in terms of species diversity, composition, and function. Mice were treated with VPA to induce autism, and then divided into two groups: autism without treatment (ASD) and autism with manual acupuncture (ASD-MA). Mice in the ASD-MA group were treated with acupuncture once daily for four weeks. And behavior test was performed. Total bacterial DNA was extracted from stool samples to amplify and sequence the V3–V4 regions of 16 ​S rRNA. The alpha and beta diversity were analyzed, and changes in intestinal microbiota composition at various taxonomic levels were analyzed. The Morris water maze test results showed that the number of times the mice reached the platform was significantly higher in the ASD-MA group than in the ASD group. The results of nonmetric multidimensional scaling and principal coordinate analysis, which were used for beta diversity analyses, revealed significant differences in the microbial communities between the ASD and ASD-MA groups. The ASD-MA group mice had changed abundances of some specific microbiota, which were positively correlated with better cognitive performance. Accordingly, the gut microbiota, such as <em>Flavonifractor</em>, <em>Akkermansia</em>, <em>Dorea</em>, <em>Ruminococcus</em>, and <em>Barnesiella</em>, may affect cognitive function of VPA-induced autism mice after acupuncture treatment. In conclusion, the results revealed that acupuncture therapy could affect the composition of the gut microbiota in mice with VPA-induced autism-like behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590097822000167/pdfft?md5=d5772f3fa2d80afc08e51924ddf14b05&pid=1-s2.0-S2590097822000167-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44014479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral intake of Kluyveromyces marxianus B0399 plus Lactobacillus rhamnosus CECT 30579 to mitigate symptoms in COVID-19 patients: A randomized open label clinical trial","authors":"Vicente Navarro-López ,&nbsp;Adriana Hernández-Belmonte ,&nbsp;Maria Isabel Pérez Soto ,&nbsp;Maikel Ayo-González ,&nbsp;Guillermo Losa-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Esther Ros-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Maravillas Martínez-Gabarrón ,&nbsp;Pedro Sánchez-Pellicer ,&nbsp;Juan Aguera-Santos ,&nbsp;Eva Núñez-Delegido ,&nbsp;Beatriz Ruzafa-Costas ,&nbsp;José Antonio Picó-Monllor ,&nbsp;Laura Navarro-Moratalla","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, developing of new treatments to control the spread of infection and decrease morbidity and mortality are necessary. This prospective, open-label, case-control intervention study evaluates the impact of the oral intake of the probiotic yeast <em>Kluyveromyces marxianus</em> B0399 together with <em>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</em> CECT 30579, administered for 30 days, on the evolution of COVID-19 patients. Analysis of the digestive symptoms at the end of the follow up shows a benefit of the probiotic in the number of patients without pyrosis (100% vs 33.3%; p 0.05) and without abdominal pain (100% vs 62.5%; p 0.04). Results also show a better evolution when evaluating the difference in the overall number of patients without non-digestive symptoms at the end of the follow-up (41.7%, vs 13%; p 0.06). The percentage of improvement in the digestive symptoms (65% vs 88%; p value 0.06) and the global symptoms (digestive and non-digestive) (88.6% vs 70.8%; p value 0.03) is higher in the probiotic group. The probiotic was well tolerated with no relevant side effects and high adherence among patients. In conclusion, this coadjutant treatment seems to be promising, although results should be confirmed in new studies with higher number of patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9398813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10348756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of oral bacterial lysates on the respiratory microbiome in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations – A pilot study","authors":"Yafei Qi ,&nbsp;Zhou Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Liu ,&nbsp;Junhao Yang ,&nbsp;Weimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinlun Huang ,&nbsp;Hong Li ,&nbsp;Weijie Guan ,&nbsp;Zhang Wang ,&nbsp;Yinhuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Increasing evidence suggests that the airway microbiome plays an important role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While oral bacterial lysates were found to reduce the number of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), little is known regarding the effects of bacterial lysates on COPD airway microbiome.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Sixteen patients with AECOPD were enrolled in this pilot, prospective study from November 2020 to June 2021. Patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive conventional treatment (n ​= ​8) or conventional treatment combined with bacterial lysates (n ​= ​8), respectively. Sputum samples were collected upon hospital admission and at discharge. Patients were followed-up over 6 months after discharge.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The α-diversity was not significantly different pre- and post-treatment between the two treatment groups. There was a significantly greater weighted UniFrac distance between the paired pre- and post-treatment samples for patients receiving bacterial lysates compared to those receiving conventional treatment (<em>P</em> ​= ​0.021). Among all taxa, a significantly decrease of <em>Pseudomonadaceae</em> was observed for patients receiving bacterial lysates group, while this trend was non-significant for the conventional treatment group. The frequency of acute exacerbations during the 6-month follow-up period was significantly lower for patients receiving bacterial lysates compared to those receiving conventional treatment (<em>P</em> ​= ​0.042).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Bacterial lysates resulted in greater alteration of the airway microbiota compared to conventional treatment. <em>Pseudomonadaceae</em> was significantly decreased in sputum samples of patients receiving bacterial lysate, which may be a microbiome-related mechanism by which bacterial lysates reduce COPD exacerbations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590097822000179/pdfft?md5=37d8122e7607a8055c05454d88c37bd0&pid=1-s2.0-S2590097822000179-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48150714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Washed microbiota transplantation cured a patient with immune-mediated enteropathy induced by cryptosporidium infection","authors":"Zulun Zhang ,&nbsp;Bota Cui ,&nbsp;Faming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Cryptosporidium</em> infection is a worldwide disease caused by intracellular protozoan parasite <em>Cryptosporidium</em>, which can disrupt gut epithelial barrier and contribute to mild or severe diarrhea. Emerging evidence demonstrates that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective strategy for microbiota-related diseases by reconstructing gut microbiota. The new methodology of FMT depending on automatic facilities and washing processes was coined as washed microbiota transplantation (WMT). Transendoscopic enteral tubing (TET) through mid-gut is a novel and safe way for WMTs and enteral nutrition. We report a patient with immune-mediated enteropathy (IME) induced by <em>Cryptosporidium</em> infection, presenting with severe diarrhea, malnutrition and electrolyte disorders. Endoscopy showed diffuse inflammatory polyps in the stomach, duodenum and colon. We adopted the step-up WMT strategy, which here refers to multiple WMTs in combination with enteral nutrition and thalidomide. The patient remained asymptomatic and gastrointestinal polyps gradually decreased among three years of follow-up. This case report highlights that step-up WMT strategy may be an alternative therapy for immune-mediated diseases resistant to standard treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590097822000106/pdfft?md5=4399fd3b37cc6cbd7ddff317131167c4&pid=1-s2.0-S2590097822000106-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42231559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome in orbital fat under thyroid associated ophthalmopathy","authors":"Yang Li ,&nbsp;Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhijia Hou,&nbsp;Zihan Nie,&nbsp;Lan Ma,&nbsp;Shiqi Hui,&nbsp;Dongmei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) manifests as orbital adipose hyperplasia, leading to high intraocular pressure, severe pain, and blindness. The underlying factors that trigger the abnormal immune process in TAO remain unknown. Here, we aim to test the hypothesis thata microbiome exists in TAO adipose tissue and are associated with TAO. We combined 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Tyramide signal amplification-fluorescence in situ hybridization of the orbital fat samples (size of 1 ​cm∗1 ​cm∗0.5 ​cm) from 36 with TAO ophthalmic patients, including 36 with TAO and 38 non-TAO ophthalmic patients as controls. We also collected environmental samples to perform decontamination using source-tracking algorithms. Bacterial staining signals were observed in both TAO and control sections. 6.2% of the bacterial community from orbital fat passed stringent decontamination against environmental samples. We identified four microbiome types in orbital fat, one of which was exclusive to TAO patients. Similarly, we found a higher proportion of Pseudomonas in TAO, but a lower proportion of Enhydrobacter. Flavobacterium was positively correlated with chemosis. For the first time, we provide evidence for the presence of bacteria in orbital fat tissue which are associated with TAO. Whether this orbital fat microbiome plays a causal role in the pathogenesis and manifestation of TAO requires further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590097822000088/pdfft?md5=a335581184c04f1810a9a240a8d3cf00&pid=1-s2.0-S2590097822000088-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44445028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal dysbiosis and inflammation in cystic fibrosis impacts gut and multi-organ axes","authors":"Hannah E. Wrigley-Carr ,&nbsp;Josie M. van Dorst ,&nbsp;Chee Y. Ooi","doi":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem genetic disease which affects numerous organs in the body. Patients with CF exhibit profound alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiome, characterised by an increase in pathogenic bacteria and reduction in beneficial commensal species, accompanied by intestinal inflammation. The proposed pathophysiology of these gastrointestinal changes is multifactorial, driven primarily by dysfunction of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, and secondarily by medications and the high-fat CF diet. Increasingly, the gastrointestinal microbiome is being recognised as an endocrine-like organ which regulates the function of multiple organs via direct transmission of microbes and metabolites, inflammatory pathways, immunological crosstalk, and other mechanisms. This article aims to review how the gut microbiome in CF may influence other affected organs, including the intestines, lungs (gut-lung axis), liver (gut-liver axis), bones (gut-bone axis), pancreas (gut-pancreas axis), and brain (gut-brain axis). Further research is required to better understand the potential role of the gut microbiome in CF multisystem disease, and the therapeutic utility of gut and multi-organ axes in CF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36019,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Microecology","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590097822000076/pdfft?md5=d51d488854136f4a3c137cb13235b607&pid=1-s2.0-S2590097822000076-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47318723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}