Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Anxiety disorders presenting as gastrointestinal symptoms in children - a scoping review.","authors":"Anjali Kumar, Pramodh Vallabhaneni","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.01732","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.01732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) and their association with anxiety disorders in children significantly impact a child's functioning and treatment response. This study aimed to scope the evidence of anxiety disorders manifesting as FGID in children up to 16 years old. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted on Embase (1974-2024), MEDLINE (via EBSCOHost 1946-2024), and APA PsycINFO (via EBSCOHost 1967-2024). Articles were retrieved, screened, and assessed for bias using the GRADE system. Our initial search yielded 1984 articles. After screening titles and abstracts, 53 articles remained. Full-text screening further narrowed this to 4 eligible studies. The first study found that anxiety indirectly influenced abdominal pain severity in children with irritable bowel syndrome. The second study reported an association between anxiety and abdominal pain but found that anxiety might not predict abdominal pain in later childhood. The third study suggested FGID could be a risk factor for anxiety, with higher anxiety rates in children with FGID compared to those without. The fourth study found no significant difference in pain intensity between children with functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD) alone and those with FAPD and anxiety. The reviewed studies indicate a relationship between anxiety and FGID but lack clarity on directionality or causation. The limited number of studies calls for more research, including case-control studies with large sample sizes and longitudinal cohort studies to investigate the incidence and causation.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"344-351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects of dietary and physical activity interventions on adiposity of children with obesity.","authors":"Anekchoke Tangtongsoong, Chonnikant Visuthranukul, Yuda Chongpison, Sirinuch Chomtho","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.01347","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.01347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Managing obesity in children remains challenging. In addition to body mass index (BMI), incorporating body composition into evaluations of postobesity interventions would help assess changes in adiposity.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify the relationship between dietary intake, physical activity, and changes in BMI z scores and adiposity among children with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged 7-15 years with obesity received monthly dietary and physical activity instructions for 6 months. Three-day dietary records and physical activity questionnaires were collected at 0, 3, and 6 months. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. These relationships were analyzed using uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 155 children with obesity completed the 6-month study. A higher total protein intake per ideal weight for height was significantly correlated with a decrease in BMI z score and trunk fat mass index (trunk fat mass [FM] in kg/height in m2). Mean dietary fiber intake was negatively correlated with BMI z score, FM, FM index (FMI, FM in kg/height in m2), and visceral fat area (VFA) at 6 months. Each 1 g/kg/day increase in protein intake and additional 1 g/day of dietary fiber intake led to a 0.191 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.309 to -0.072) and 0.028 kg/m2 (-0.05 to -0.005) reduction in BMI z score. Each 1 g/day increase in protein intake led to a reduction of 0.009 kg/m² in trunk FMI (-0.016 to -0.002) and 0.21 cm² in VFA (-0.418 to -0.002). The outcomes observed at 6 months were consistent with the overall 6-month findings, reinforcing the efficacy of the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed beneficial effects of high dietary protein and fiber intakes on BMI z scores and adiposity of children with obesity. Fine-tuning dietary interventions that emphasize appropriate protein and fiber intakes may be more practical for managing childhood obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"370-378"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden of asthma among children and adolescents with projections to 2050: a comprehensive review and forecasted modeling study.","authors":"Tae Hyeon Kim, Hyunjee Kim, Jiyeon Oh, Soeun Kim, Michael Miligkos, Dong Keon Yon, Nikolaos G Papadopoulos","doi":"10.3345/cep.2025.00423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2025.00423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding pediatric asthma is crucial to its effective diagnosis and intervention, as it may alleviate the adulthood disease burden. This epidemiological review describes the prevalence of asthma among individuals under 20 years of age by categorizing them into 3 age groups: 1-4, 5-9, and 10-19 years. Estimates were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, which covered the prevalence of asthma from 1990 to 2021 across 21 GBD regions with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We also projected the prevalence of pediatric asthma in 2050 by using a logistic regression predictive model from the existing literature and incorporating body mass index as a covariate with fixed coefficients over time. Overall, a continuous decline in asthma prevalence rates among children and adolescents was observed from 1990 to 2021, with higher rates in males and a peak prevalence rate in the 5-9 years group. Central Europe showed significantly increased prevalence rates compared to those of other regions. Our projection suggests that the prevalence rate of pediatric asthma will decline to approximately 2,608.05 per 100,000 population by 2050 (95% UI, 1,632.94-3,868.26), representing a 39.5% decrease from the 2021 figures. Despite these trends, asthma remains a substantial health burden for children and adolescents that may persist into adulthood. Therefore, proactive diagnosis and intervention are essential to mitigating the associated disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":"68 5","pages":"329-343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal pain in a young girl: a twist in the tale.","authors":"Upasana Ghosh, Ankit Agrawal, Umesh Shukla, Vikas Jain, Deeksha Bhalla","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.01949","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.01949","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"395-397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Korea Infant Physical Growth Examination Survey (KIPGroS): a study protocol.","authors":"Jong Woo Hahn, MinSoo Shin, Jin Gyu Lim, Yoon-Joo Kim, Ki Soo Kang, Narae Lee, Seong Hee Jeong, Mun Hui Jeong, Yeoun Joo Lee, Eui Kyung Choi, Jung Ok Shim, Jee Yoon Park, Chan-Wook Park, Joo Young Kim, Su Jin Jeong, Young Hwa Jung, Jaehyun Kim, Chang Won Choi, Ju Whi Kim, Seung Han Shin, Yun Jeong Lee, Young Ah Lee, Choong-Ho Shin, Seung-Sik Hwang, Young Eun Kim, Youn Ha Kang, Kyungwon Oh, Sungha Yun, Jae Sung Ko, Jin Soo Moon","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.00297","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.00297","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growth charts are important tools used to evaluate the growth status of children and estimate the nutritional and health status of the general population. In Korea, the national standardized growth charts were updated in 2017. However, the growth charts developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) are being adopted for children under 3 years of age despite a lack of evidence for their applicability to Koreans. Here we aimed to collect accurate physical measurement data, develop growth charts for infants and toddlers under 3 years of age based on breastfeeding, and evaluate the feasibility of adopting WHO growth standards as a reference in Korea. Beginning April 2020, 6 general and local hospitals were selected nationwide. Mothers and newborns without growth restriction-related factors were enrolled at birth, and they were followed up monthly until 12 months and every 3 months until 36 months. Data were collected on physical measurements; eating habits; childhood morbidity; perinatal factors; and socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental characteristics. All participating hospitals used the same standard equipment. The Korea Infant Physical Growth Examination Survey evaluated the suitability of the WHO growth charts and contributed to the next revision of the Korean growth charts. The results of this study provide a basis for developing health-related strategies for treating children in South Korea.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"352-358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum bactericidal activity against meningococcus in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.","authors":"Soyoung Lee, Kyung-Hyo Kim, Ji Hyen Lee, Han Wool Kim","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.01151","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.01151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are susceptible to infectious diseases owing to various immunosuppressive treatments and disease characteristics. Meningococcal infections progress rapidly with a high incidence of severe complications and mortality; therefore, meningococcal vaccination is needed. However, there is limited evidence regarding the immunity and immunogenicity of patients with SLE.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the serum bactericidal activity against meningococci in patients with SLE in 2 domestic institutions in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum samples were collected from patients diagnosed with SLE (age <19 years) at Seoul National University Children's Hospital and Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital in 2016-2018. Serum bactericidal activity against the 4 meningococcal serogroups was analyzed using a serum bactericidal assay with rabbit serum. The patients' demographic information, diagnostic history, and disease activity status were obtained from electronic medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the 41 included patients was 20.3±5.4 years (range, 10-35 years). All but one patient received steroids. The sera of most of the patients (34 of 41 [82.9%]) lacked bactericidal activity against serogroup A. Some patients showed bactericidal activity against serogroups C, W-135, and Y (63.4%, 56.1%, and 61.0%, respectively). There were no significant differences in the geometric mean indices based on complement consumption state or anti-double-stranded DNA antibody positivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the sera of some patients exhibited serum bactericidal activity against meningococci, most remained seronegative. It is important that patients with SLE at risk of meningococcal infection receive appropriate vaccinations. Our findings serve as baseline serological data for meningococcal vaccination policies for patients with SLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"362-369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enteric pathogens implicated in acute infectious diarrhea among young children in resource-limited region with rapidly growing population: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.","authors":"Aseel Mahmood Ibrahim Al-Mashahedah, Randa Mohammed Dhahi","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.01333","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.01333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute infectious diarrhea is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries and among children younger than 5 years of age.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the causative microorganisms in diarrhea and elucidate their epidemiological trajectory among children younger than 5 years of age to establish successful preventive measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Musayyib District, Babil Governorate, Iraq, using data from January 2023 to January 2024 provided by the information system of Ibn Saif Children's Hospital and Al-Musayyib General Hospital. Data from 300 children under 5 years of age with infectious diarrhea were collected to determine the causative pathogens. Patient data including sex, age, treatment, and posttreatment clinical condition, were collected from the hospital archive and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 56% of males and 44% of females had diarrhea. The 1-2-year age group was the most susceptible to diarrhea (33.3%). This rate gradually decreased with age, reaching 9.9% in the 4-5-year age group. Furthermore, bacteria were the causative organisms in 43% of cases, followed by viruses, parasites, and fungi at 24.7%, 12%, and 7.7%, respectively. Mixed infections were detected in 12.6%. Posttreatment, 89.7% of patients completely recovered, 8% experienced physiological disorders, and 2.3% died.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bacteria were the most common causative organisms of infectious diarrhea among children younger than 5 years of age. Children in the 1-2-year age group were the most commonly affected. This study highlights that diarrhea continues to threaten the lives and well-being of children.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"379-387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of serum zinc and selenium levels in etiology of febrile seizures.","authors":"Yavuz Ataş, Hatice Gamze Poyrazoğlu","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.01410","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.01410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common form of childhood seizures. Determining the role of trace elements in the pathophysiology of FSs will contribute to the management of FSs by pediatricians.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc and selenium on the nervous system and how they may influence the risk of FSs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case-control study, there were 60 children in the simple FS group and 40 children in the complex FS group. The control groups comprised 50 children with fever but without seizures and 50 healthy children. Blood samples were collected within the first hour after FS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Zinc and selenium levels were significantly lower in children with fever but without seizures versus healthy children (P<0.001). Serum zinc levels were lower in children with FSs (simple and complex FSs) than in healthy children (P<0.001) but higher than in children with fever but without seizures (P<0.001). Serum selenium levels in children with FSs (simple and complex) were lower than in healthy children but higher than in the children with fever but without seizures. However, these differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum zinc levels are significantly decreased during infection, whereas they show a statistically significant increase within the first hour after FS activity. This indicates that the body secretes zinc during FSs to restore homeostasis, reduce oxidative stress, and increase the seizure threshold. Therefore, zinc supplementation during febrile periods may effectively prevent FSs in high-risk children.</p>","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"388-394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Further research on impact of microplastics on children's health is essential to protecting future generations.","authors":"Jongin Lee, Dong-Wook Lee","doi":"10.3345/cep.2024.01459","DOIUrl":"10.3345/cep.2024.01459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"359-361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12062384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among parents of children with systemic lupus erythematosus: a comment.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.3345/cep.2025.00304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3345/cep.2025.00304","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36018,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}