African Journal of Empirical Research最新文献

{"title":"Cooking Energy Systems and their Effect on Environmental Sustainability in Dodoma, Tanzania: A Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) Synthesis","authors":"Editha M. Ndunguru","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.34","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of energy for various uses including cooking, has various effects on the welfare of the environment. In developing countries where the majority rely on traditional biomass, cooking energy systems entail multiple disruptions to environmental sustainability. The objective of this paper is to integrate the prevailing cooking energy use systems of Dodoma region and environmental sustainability. The study uses the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework to synthesize the two circumstances. Two sites, one rural and one urban were selected for data collection. The study adopted a case study design. Mixed methods were used to gather and analyze the data. Probability and non-probability sampling techniques were employed in the selection of the respondents. The target population was the households. The sample size constitutes 210 households. Methods of data collection included survey, in-depth interview, focus group discussion and non-participant observation. Semi structure questionnaires, interview guides and focus group discussion Results reveal a significant proportion of the population (72.4%) using biomass energy for cooking. Disaggregated data expose the rural setting to have relatively higher proportions (89. %) as opposed to the urban (53.1%). The study further noted that persistent use of biomass energy is influenced by availability, accessibility, and affordability. Moreover, many households have been using inefficient stoves which lead to the consumption of large quantities of energy. A transition from firewood to charcoal in the rural area, and a thriving charcoal business in the urban have contributed to the clearance of forests and chopping off huge trees in the rural (the source area). These have led to the gradual disappearance of certain tree species. The study found no deliberate efforts at the individual or community level to restore environmental sustainability despite all the alarming indicators. Even though there are institutional frameworks, it was very hard to establish the duties and responsibilities of the institutions regarding the responses. The study concludes that there is a long way to go before biomass energy is abandoned, therefore individuals, communities and the government to take action to safeguard the environment for the benefit of the current and future generations.","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"87 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Formative Assessment Practices in Public Secondary Schools in Kicukiro District","authors":"John Peter Kazinyirako, Philothère Ntawiha, J. L. Buhigiro, Ildephonse Ndayambaje","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.33","url":null,"abstract":"Various scholars acknowledged that formative assessment play a vital role in increasing students’ academic achievement. The main purpose of this study was to explore formative assessment practices in public secondary schools in Kicukiro District. The specific objectives of the study were to investigate how teachers plan for formative assessment in public secondary schools in Kicukiro district, to discover how teachers use formative assessment techniques in electing students learning evidence in public secondary schools in Kicukiro district and to assess how teachers provide formative assessment feedback to students in public secondary schools in Kicukiro district. The study used descriptive survey research design. The study was guided by Sadler’s theory of formative assessment founded in 1989. The target population of the study was 220 teachers and 13 deputy head teachers in charge of studies. A sample of 142 teachers were selected using simple random sampling while 13 deputy head teachers in charge of studies were included in the study purposively. Questionnaires, semi-structured interview and lesson observation checklist were used as research instruments in collecting data from respondents. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as means and standard deviations whereas thematic analysis was used for analysing qualitative data.  The quantitative data were presented in tables while qualitative data were presented in the text. The findings indicate that the practices related to planning for formative assessment (M=2.41, SD=1.01) are rarely practiced in public secondary schools in Kicukiro District. It was also revealed that practices related to eliciting evidences of students’ learning (M=2.76, SD=1.11) were practiced sometimes. Finally, it was revealed practices related to formative assessment feedback (M=2.33, SD=1.01) were rarely done. The study recommended that National Examination and School Inspection Authority should strengthen the practices of formative assessment at school levels. Future researchers were recommended to replicate the study in other region beyond Kicukiro District.","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"103 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140986157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Warehousing Management on Supply Chain Performance: A Case of Inyange Industries Ltd","authors":"Genevieve Mwizerwa, Joseph Akumuntu","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.31","url":null,"abstract":"In local and globalized markets, warehouses are crucial supply chain nodes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of warehousing on supply chain performance: A case of Inyange Industries Ltd. The goals were to evaluate how inventory management, warehouse capacity building, and material handling affects supply chain performance in Inyange Industries Ltd. This research experimented with three different theories: Just-in-time, Lean, and Triple-A supply chain. The population of this study were 105 staff members of Inyange Industries Ltd. Therefore, census was conducted because the population size is affordable and the researcher can be able to contact all the respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using inferential research methodology in this study. Questionnaires were used to gather primary  data, which was then analyzed. Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and descriptive and inferential statistics were used to show the study's results. According to the research, supply chain performance is positively and significantly affected by both automated and manual material handling. Mechanical material handling, on the other hand, improves supply chain performance, but not much. Inyange Industries' supply chain performance is influenced by the material handling systems to the tune of 19.3%, as shown by the modified R2 value of 0.193.  According to the research, supply chain performance is positively and significantly affected by inventory counts, warehouse management systems, and inventory organization. A 0.967 adjusted R^2 value suggests that 96.7% of the variation in Inyange Industries' supply chain performance is explained by the inventory management techniques. According to the research, supply chain effectiveness is positively and significantly impacted by warehouse demand planning, design, and management. Warehouse capacity planning techniques at Inyange Industries account for 95.4% of the variation in supply chain performance, as shown by the modified R2 value of 0.954. The research concluded that material handling, inventory management, and warehouse capacity planning are all important warehouse management measures that significantly impact supply chain performance for the better. The methods used by Inyange Industries Ltd. for managing their warehouses have resulted in an improvement in supply chain performance of 87.2%.  The regression coefficients, supported by their t-test values and Beta coefficients, highlight both the significance and strength of relationships between independent and dependent variables. Material Handling demonstrated the greatest impact (β1=0.532, t=8.556, p=0.000), followed by Inventory Management (β2=0.379, t=6.147, p=0.000), and Warehouse Capacity Planning (β3=0.172, t=3.268, p=0.002), emphasizing their respective contributions to Supply Chain Performance of Inyange Industries Ltd.'s supply chain. This proved that material handling in warehouse managemen","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"119 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140987460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurship Determinants on the Relationship between Economic Diversification and Sustainable Livelihoods among Fish Farmers in Kakamega County","authors":"Daisy Mukoya, C. Ngala, Jairus Simiyu","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.30","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the effect of entrepreneurship determinants on economic diversification and sustainable livelihoods among fish farmers in Kakamega County, Kenya. Entrepreneurship determinants encompass a range of factors including access to finance, training, market information, infrastructure, and supportive institutional frameworks. Economic diversification is vital for reducing reliance on traditional income sources and enhancing resilience to economic shocks, while sustainable livelihoods ensure long-term prosperity while preserving natural resources. The specific objective was to examine the moderating effect of entrepreneurship determinants on the relationship between economic diversification and sustainable livelihoods among fish farmers in Kakamega County. The study was guided by Sustainable Livelihoods Theory. The target population was 4500 fish farmers in Kakamega County from which a sample of 354 fish farmers was selected for the study using the Krejcie and Morgan Table 1970. Data was collected using closed-ended questionnaires. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 26. Using descriptive and survey research designs, data was collected from a sample of fish farmers in Kakamega County. The findings reveal significant correlations between entrepreneurship determinants, economic diversification, and sustainable livelihoods. Economic Activity Diversification explained 50.8% changes on sustainable livelihoods. However, when moderated with entrepreneurial determinants, the influence of economic diversification explained 66.3% of the changes in sustainable livelihoods among the fish farmers in Kakamega County. The analysis utilized unstandardized coefficients to elucidate the relationships between variables. In Model 1, Vertical Diversification (B = 0.271, p = 0.000) and Portfolio Diversification (B = 0.488, p = 0.000) significantly influenced Sustainable Livelihoods, while Structural Diversification (B = -0.044, p = 0.493) did not. Model 2 introduced Entrepreneurial Determinant, which exhibited a significant positive effect (B = 0.356, p = 0.000), alongside Vertical (B = 0.111, p = 0.041) and Portfolio (B = 0.329, p = 0.000) Diversifications. In Model 3, while all diversification variables remained significant, the interaction terms showed significant impact, emphasizing the moderating role of entrepreneurial determinants in influencing sustainable livelihoods among fish farmers in Kakamega County. Access to finance and market information emerged as key determinants influencing the ability of fish farmers to diversify their economic activities and achieve sustainable livelihoods. Additionally, supportive institutional frameworks, infrastructure development and access to training were identified as critical enablers of entrepreneurial success among fish farmers. The study concludes by highlighting policy implications and recommendations aimed at enhancing entrepreneurship development, promoting economic diversification, and fo","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Quality of Learning Environment of Sandwich Programmes in Ghana: A Case of Institute of Education","authors":"Ernest Opoku, Dacoster Kwaku Boakye, Christina Dzirasah, Alexander Opoku-Danso","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.29","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on a study that examined the quality of the learning environment of sandwich programmes in Ghana. The study used a sequential explanatory mixed method design and focused on tutors and 400 students of the programme. The Total Quality Management Theory, Expectation Confirmation/Disconfirmation Theory, Context, Input, Process, and Product Evaluation Model underpined the study. A disproportional stratified selection method was used to select 1,000 students and 50 tutors from each of the four teaching centres. While a purposive sampling method was employed to select 12 students and eight tutors involved in sandwich programmes for follow-up interviews. The data were collected using a questionnaire and an interview guide. The quantitative data was analysed using means and standard deviation, while the qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis. These findings revealed that the tutors show concern for the welfare of the students and offer chances for student-teacher contact. However, big class sizes limit how much faculty can customise the learning environment. Also, students were friendly, helpful, cooperative, and supported one another during activities. The study recommended that the management of the Institute of Education and centre coordinators make every effort to secure spacious classrooms to help reduce large class sizes and increase opportunities for student-teacher interactions, cohesiveness, and students' participation in the classroom. In addition, tutors should foster an atmosphere that invites student interaction and identify students' strengths and weaknesses.","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141014399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land Tenure Security and Households’ Food Security Nexus: Implications for an Improving Land Governance in Iringa District, Tanzania","authors":"Gerald Usika, S. Kabote, Justin K. Urassa","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.28","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the contribution of the Certificate of Customary Rights of Occupancy (CCRO) to farming households’ food security in the Iringa District Council. Particularly, the study aimed to determine the influence of land tenure security on the food situation of households, the influence of land tenure security on food consumption, and the influence of land tenure security on the source of food for households. The study was guided by the institutional theory and the theory of access, these theories linked the study to the existing body of literature. The study adopted a quasi-experimental research design where villages that received CCRO were considered as the treatment group of the study and those villages without CCRO were categorized as the control group for the study. The study decided to adopt the Propensity Score Matching method for constructing a comparison group. The total sample size for this study was 400 households, with equality divided between the two villages, with and without CCRO. The study used a systematic random sampling approach to select a sample size of 400 households from the targeted population. The study employed a mixed methods approach whereby both qualitative and quantitative data were collected through questionnaires and interviews respectively. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using IBM SPSS for quantitative data, while qualitative data was analyzed using a content analysis approach. The study found that those households with CCROs show a high score of food consumption compared to households without CCROs, this indicates that CCROs enhance food security in households. This was supported statistically by regression results and bivariate outcomes that illustrate the significance of CCROs ownership in improving the food situation of households between households having CCROs compared to those that haven’t. Furthermore, the study found that there is a difference in food consumption patterns between households with CCROs and those without CCROs. The study concluded that land tenure security has a great impact on the food security of households in the Iringa district, also, it was concluded that CCRO ownership contributes to improving the food situation of households enhancing their capacity to access diverse food groups. The study recommended that government and local government authorities develop policies and strategies that are tailored and applicable to agriculture development and land ownership to improve land governance structure that allows land registration easy.","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"8 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold Chain Logistics Projects and Performance of Horticulture Export Companies in Rwanda: A Case of Horticulture Exporters Association of Rwanda (HEAR)","authors":"Robert Rukundo, E. Irechukwu","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.25","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, the top three markets for horticulture imports are Europe, the US, and the UAE. The general objective of this study aims to assess the effects of cold chain logistics projects on performance of horticulture exports companies in Rwanda: a case study of Horticulture Exporters association of Rwanda. The specific objectives of this study aim: to assess the effects associated with costs incurred in cold chain logistics on performance of horticulture exports companies in Rwanda, to evaluate the contributions of technology used in cold chain logistics on performance of horticulture exports companies in Rwanda and to determine the effects of geographic location of cold chain stores on performance of horticulture exports companies in Rwanda. Research focused on system theory and resource-based theory. By combining quantitative and qualitative analytic techniques, the researchers used a correlational approach to look for patterns in the interactions between the study's components. The research was based on responses from 92 out of 120 respondents from Rwanda’s horticulture export company. Statistical sampling and other methods were part of the \"mixed method\" approach utilized in the study. Stratified and random sampling was used to pick the exporters, whilst convenient and purposive sampling were used to select the participants from the cold chain logistics management group. Using both personal and secondary sources, the research aimed to determine the impact of cold chain logistics on the growth of Rwandan horticultural export businesses. For the main data set, which covered the years 2021–2023, researchers utilized closed-ended questions to survey participants. For the secondary data set, they combed through financial records and relevant documents from cold chain facilities. The data was analyzed using version 24 of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, a widely used statistical tool in the field of social science. Descriptive data were presented in tables displaying percentages and frequencies. Additionally, regression analysis was conducted to delve deeper into the relationship between the study variables. The findings suggest that there are significant associations between certain factors and performance. Firstly, the cost associated with cold trucks and cold rooms demonstrated a strong positive relationship with performance (β = 0.427, p <0.05). This implies that higher expenditures in maintaining cold trucks and rooms tend to correspond with better performance among horticulture exports companies. Secondly, technology used in cold chain logistics also exhibited a positive relationship with performance, although the effect size was smaller and the p-value slightly higher (β = 0.395, p<0.05). This indicates that employing advanced technology in managing the cold chain logistics process may contribute positively to the performance of these companies. Finally, the geographic location of cold chain stores displayed a significant pos","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"125 S24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-standard Working Practices and Nurses’ Job Performance: Experience from Public Hospitals in Tanzania","authors":"Elisifa Ezekiel Nnko","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.27","url":null,"abstract":"Non-standard working practices are common among nurses because they spend more time directly caring for patients than other healthcare professionals. Thus, nurses’ performance is impacted by how work is organized, whereas various component of the working practice may lead to a decrease in performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of non-standard working practices on performance of nurses in public hospitals in Tanzania. Specifically, the study focused on assessing the influence of schedule variation, schedule uncertainty, and schedule intensity on performance of nurses in Tanzanian public hospitals. The study adopted descriptive survey research design using qualitative and quantitative methods. Stratified random sampling technique was used, whereas a sample size of 381 nurses was randomly chosen from a target population of 404. Quantitative data were analyzed through thematic analysis technique whereas qualitative data were analyzed by the use of multiple linear regression, one-way Analysis of Variance, independent t-test, and Pearson correlation. Qualitative data were entered, coded and analyzed using summative content analysis and presented in percentages, in tables, figures and charts. Correlation analysis was used to test the direction of relationship between the independent variables and dependent variable. Multiple regressions were used to test whether schedule variation, schedule uncertainty, and schedule intensity had any influence on nurses’ performance. The study established that schedule variation, schedule uncertainty, and schedule intensity contributed negatively to nurses’ performance. Furthermore, the study approved all three study hypothesis as it was found that all schedule variation, schedule uncertainty and schedule intensity had significant statistical influence on job performance of nurses. The study concluded that exposure to non-standard working practices were common among nurses in public hospitals in Tanzania. Further, the study concluded that nurses in the study area were more affected by schedule variation and schedule uncertainty. The study recommended the adoption of strategies aimed at minimizing the effects non-standard schedules to promote nurses’ performance.","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141015435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African Union Mission in Somalia Considerations for Transition and Kenya’s National Security","authors":"Cosmas Ekwom Kamais, P. Okoth, S. Kimokoti","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.24","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the implications of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) on Kenya's national security within the context of AMISOM's transition to the African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS). The objective of the study was analyse achievement of African Union Mission in Somalia mandates, to examine the effects to Kenya's National security and assess transition strategies of national security. The study was guided by Functionalist, Strategic and Securitisation theories. The research employed a mixed-methods research design using questionnaire surveys and interviews with respondents in Kenya's border counties most affected by Somali instability. Study findings established that, while a majority (52%) believe AMISOM has achieved its mandate to a moderate extent, concerns remain regarding the capacity of Somali Security Forces (SSF) and the overall stability of Somalia. In addition, study findings established that while progress has been made in degrading Al-Shabaab and supporting the Somali Federal Government (FGS). However, only a third of respondents believe the SSF has been adequately mentored by AMISOM. Despite success in facilitating humanitarian assistance and Civil-Military Cooperation (CIMIC) projects, nearly two-thirds believe Somalia lacks the conditions necessary for long-term stability. The study concludes that AMISOM's transition strategy inadequately addresses governance and security aspects essential for Kenyan security. Weak SSF and FGS capacity pose a threat of failed stabilization after AMISOM's withdrawal. Additionally, Kenya's current border security measures are insufficient to manage potential spill over effects. ANOVA indicated an F statistic of 134.318 and a p value of 0.000<0.05 thus the Somalia PSO strategies significantly predict Kenya’s National Security. Regressions weight model (β = -0.451, P = .000<.05) implied that Nature of Somalia PSO strategies negatively influences Kenya’s National Security. The study recommends a revision of the AMISOM transition strategy to include capacity building for FGS and SSF, including forces in federal member states like Jubaland; allocation of sufficient time for a well-monitored transition with clear benchmarks; an exploration cautious negotiations with Al-Shabaab, contingent on a strong FGS and a hybrid AU-UN peacekeeping mission to succeed ATMIS to ensure Kenya's long-term security.","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"14 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141020047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Factors Influencing Undernutrition Among Children Under Five in Tanzania","authors":"Ezekiel Kanire, Stephen Bishibura Erick, Christopher N. Mdoe","doi":"10.51867/ajernet.5.2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51867/ajernet.5.2.22","url":null,"abstract":"Undernutrition is common, especially in low-income countries. Tanzania has the highest number of stunted and wasted children. This present study aims to analyze the determinants of undernutrition among children under the age of five in the country. The Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey Data (TDHS) for 2015/16 was utilized in this research, which employed a cross-sectional survey technique. Research employed a binary logit model to analyze the determinants of undernutrition among under five years in Tanzania. Study outcomes shed light on key determinants of undernutrition among under-five children in the nation. Results illustrate that child age, gender, parental maternal education, marital status, access to clean water, and food security emerge as significant factors influencing the prevalence of stunting. Variables including secondary education, university education, parent education, marital status, food security, and access to clean water were associated with child wasting. Results at the same time indicate that child gender (4.15, with a p-value of 0.000), secondary education (Odds Ratio: 4.06, p-value: 0.019), university education of parents (Odds Ratio=4.53, p-value=0.021), and marital status (2.52, with a p-value of 0.039) are significantly associated with child underweight. These findings highlight the nature of undernutrition, necessitating comprehensive and targeted interventions. Addressing these determinants, which promote educational initiatives, enhance water accessibility, and foster food security, is vital to establishing effective tactics for curbing undernutrition among the vulnerable demographic of under-five children in Tanzania.","PeriodicalId":360060,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Empirical Research","volume":"25 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141019691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}