Energy & Fuels最新文献

{"title":"Saturation Model Based on Effective Medium Theory for Shale Oil Reservoirs","authors":"Zhaoqian Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shujun Yin,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yanjie Song*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhao,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Tang,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jiandong Zheng,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c04051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c04051","url":null,"abstract":"<p >As an essential unconventional resource in the global energy transition, the development efficiency of shale oil plays a vital role in shaping the international oil and gas supply framework. The lacustrine shale oil reservoirs within the Qingshankou Formation of China’s Songliao Basin present unique challenges in petrophysical characterization, primarily due to their high clay content and complex heterogeneous pore architectures. Existing saturation models, which were initially developed for shaly sand formations, fail to adequately describe the electrical behavior in these clay-rich systems. This is largely due to their reliance on oversimplified conductivity assumptions that neglect pore-scale heterogeneity. To address this critical gap in understanding, we developed an innovative saturation model specifically designed for clay-rich shale reservoirs, leveraging effective medium theory. The proposed saturation model integrates a five-component petrophysical volume model, systematically developed through X-ray diffraction and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (2D NMR) experiments. These components include wet clay, nonconductive matrix (quartz), oil in organic pores, oil in inorganic pores, and pore water. To operationalize the model, 2D NMR logging and elemental logging were employed to resolve fluid-phase distributions within multiscale pore networks and mineral components, enabling the derivation of five-component profiles. The five-component integrated resistivity logging profiles were processed through an optimization algorithm to determine the percolation rate and percolation exponent in the saturation model. The model’s verification demonstrates high consistency between the effective medium theory saturation profile and the 2D NMR-derived data, with a mean absolute error of 7.47% across three wells, thereby validating both its scientific and practical robustness. This novel approach holds significant implications for reserve assessment, development plan optimization, and economic evaluation in shale oil reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 41","pages":"19687–19704"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of CO2-Induced Geochemical Interactions in Fractured Deccan Basalts","authors":"Atul Kumar Singh*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Mohd. Shahnawaz Alam*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Sandeep D. Kulkarni*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03218","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigates the evolution of microfractures in basalt formations from Deccan Traps, India, after exposure to CO₂ under reservoir conditions. Artificially fractured cores were subjected to 72-day static batch experiments with aqueous CO₂ to induce geochemical interactions between fracture surfaces. Postreaction flow-through tests were conducted to assess changes in flow properties, quantified using differential pressure (DP) sensors. Core samples were characterized before and after the reaction using micro-XCT imaging and SEM-EDS analysis. All samples exhibited a systematic increase in flow resistance. Hydraulic conductance decreased by 28–50% in the dyke basalt cores and by 13–26% in porphyritic basalt cores, with more pronounced reductions under higher confining pressure (20 MPa). Micro-XCT imaging revealed a bimodal redistribution of fracture apertures after the reaction period, with increases in both small (&lt;60 μm) and large apertures (&gt;150 μm) and a decrease in intermediate ones (&lt;60 and &gt; 150 μm). This evolution was attributed to spatially heterogeneous dissolution–precipitation dynamics, where dissolution was localized near fracture inlets and precipitation occurred in the core interiors with restricted fluid mobility, particularly in dyke samples. As a result, the fracture network evolves into a more restricted and directed flow system, where only a few higher-conductivity channels control the movement of the fluid. The study highlights the importance of incorporating dyke-specific geochemical behavior into the design and long-term management of carbon storage projects in basaltic reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 41","pages":"19760–19774"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethylbenzene Production via Benzene Alkylation: Tailoring Diffusion and Acidity in ZSM-5 Zeolite Nanosheets","authors":"Jiaxing Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Kexin Yang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ajuan Zhou,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yiyang Lv,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jiayao Zhan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Tianchen Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Anfeng Zhang*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chunshan Song*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Xinwen Guo*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03402","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A clear understanding of the structure–acidity–activity relationship is a crucial prerequisite for designing efficient catalysts for benzene alkylation with dilute ethylene to produce ethylbenzene. This study systematically investigates the application of ZSM-5 zeolite nanosheets (NSs) with short <i>b</i>-axis thickness and tailored acid properties in this reaction. Comprehensive physiochemical studies demonstrate that ZSM-5 NSs have significant structural advantages, including shortened straight channel lengths, enhanced specific surface areas, and increased mesopore volumes. These structural features substantially facilitate the diffusion of reactants and products and improve the accessibility and utilization efficiency of acid sites, thereby enhancing catalytic reactivity, inhibiting side reactions, and reducing coke formation. Moreover, the adjustment of Si/Al ratios and the incorporation of framework iron species enable the optimization of the acid concentration and acid strength (especially the strong acid sites) of zeolite, thus endowing the catalysts with proper acidity, consequently showing a strong inhibition effect on the side reactions, such as the isomerization, cracking, and deep alkylation of ethylbenzene. This work not only elucidates the critical relationship between physicochemical properties and alkylation activity but also successfully develops high-performance alkylation catalysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 41","pages":"19884–19891"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Gas Hydrate Saturation in Fine-Grained Sediments Using Machine Learning: A Case Study of the Shenhu Area in the Northern South China Sea","authors":"Yu Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chenyang Bai*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Pibo Su*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Xu,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Qiuhong Chang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03011","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In fine-grained marine sediments dominated by clayey silt and silt, gas hydrate saturation has been shown to have a highly nonlinear relationship with well-logging data and reservoir petrophysical properties. This complexity arises from such factors as strong reservoir heterogeneity, high clay content, and low permeability. Therefore, accurately predicting hydrate saturation has remained a significant challenge. On the basis of conventional geophysical well-logging techniques, in this study, we applied five machine learning (ML) algorithms to estimate hydrate saturation. We used measured saturation data and well-log records from three sites in the Shenhu Area to develop predictive models and applied them to estimate hydrate saturation at unmeasured locations. According to our results, resistivity and Delta-T compressional wave from a monopole source (an acoustic logging parameter, DTCO) had the strongest correlation with hydrate saturation. Using either parameter alone or their simple combination, however, resulted in limited predictive accuracy. The optimal feature set to predict hydrate saturation typically includes 3–4 types of logging data, and it must contain at least either resistivity or DTCO. Additionally, because gamma ray (GR) logging has low correlation with other parameters, it offers complementary information that is independent of core features. This enhances the predictive accuracy of ML models under complex lithological conditions. Among the five ML algorithms evaluated, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) achieved the best predictive performance. It attained a high coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) of 0.9242 on the test set, and its predicted saturation curve closely aligned with the measured data. In this study, we demonstrated the accuracy and reliability of ML algorithms to predict hydrate saturation. These results offer a valuable technical approach to quantitatively evaluate hydrate resources in the Shenhu Area and provide theoretical support for the industrial development of gas hydrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 40","pages":"19210–19222"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zechstein Halite Behavior under Hydrogen Exposure: Implications for Underground Hydrogen Storage in Salt Caverns","authors":"Benjamin Emmel*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Leonie Hönekopp,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Linus Freymann,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Bård Bjørkvik,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Anna Stroisz,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Sina Marti,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Ingo Dressel,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02535","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This pilot study investigates potential abiotic geochemical alterations associated with underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in salt caverns under conditions representative of the Zechstein formation in the Norwegian North Sea. Rock salt samples (predominantly NaCl) from the Permian Zechstein deposits were subjected to controlled experiments designed to simulate realistic storage conditions (70 ± 1 °C, 250 ± 2 bar) with both hydrogen (H₂) and argon (Ar) as reference gases. All experiments were conducted in the presence of water to account for potential brine interactions. Pre- and postexposure, the samples were analyzed using the following methods: X-ray diffraction (XRD) for bulk mineralogy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for surface morphology and elemental composition. Brine and gas samples were taken at the end of the experiment and analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for brine chemistry analysis and gas chromatography (GC) for gas purity assessment. The XRD results demonstrated stability of the rock salt matrix, in the analyzed samples, which consist of approximately 94% halite and 6% polyhalite (K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄·2H₂O), showing no detectable phase transformations or significant alterations in crystallographic structure following exposure. However, SEM analysis revealed the formation of needlelike calcium sulfate minerals (CaSO₄·<i>x</i>H₂O) on the surfaces following H₂ exposure and more distinct well-defined minerals after Ar exposure. We attribute the formation of the calcium sulfate phase (Ca-sulfate) primarily to rapid depressurization and cooling effects, which facilitated the decomposition of polyhalite as a Ca and S source, rather than specific gas-mineral interactions. In experiments involving NaCl buffered brine, ICP-MS analyses showed that the replacement of polyhalite by Ca-sulfate within the halite (NaCl) rock matrix was accompanied by systematic changes in dissolved Ca, Mg, K, and S concentrations. Despite these surface mineralogical changes, GC analysis confirmed preservation of hydrogen purity (&gt;99.995%). This suggests that the observed mineral changes did not impact gas quality. The study concludes that mineralogical changes can occur in halite under UHS conditions in the presence of brine, which however do not compromise H₂ purity.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 41","pages":"19937–19949"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Above and beyond the Lab Scale─Creating a kW-Sized AEM Electrolyzer Validated by In-Situ Distribution of Relaxation Times","authors":"Suhas NuggehalliSampathkumar*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Thomas Benjamin Ferriday,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Zoé Mury,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Philippe Aubin,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Khaled Lawand,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jan Van Herle,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03702","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Most reported anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) are currently limited to the usual 1–10 cm² electrodes in single-cell AEMWEs; however, accelerating its technology readiness level necessitates an explosive increment in unit sizes. We report the design, characterization, and validation of a 1 kW, 500 cm² (5 × 100 cm²) non-PGM AEMWE stack. Complete with corrosion protection, internal heating, and a control system, the patented stack design operated stably at 1.0 A cm^–2 with an energy efficiency of 53.2 kWh kg_H₂^–1. Moreover, to confirm cell-to-cell uniformity, a comprehensive statistical analysis was carried out to reveal five uniformly performing cells. Impedance analysis complemented by distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analysis revealed kinetic insights similar to those traditionally obtained for lab-scale electrodes, proving both non-PGM electrode scalability and efficacy, and the utility of DRT analysis on large-scale AEMWE stacks.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 40","pages":"19544–19549"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03702","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Modulation of ZSM-5 Derived Li4SiO4 Sorbents for Enhanced High-Temperature CO2 Capture","authors":"Zhao Sun*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Nanjuan Duan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Feihui Chen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chenfeng Hu,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Hui Zhou*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02519","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The utilization of high-temperature lithium-based sorbents is one of the important pathways to achieve carbon dioxide capture but suffers from its low CO₂ uptake kinetics. In this study, ZSM-5 zeolite is used as the silicon source and a precursor skeleton to synthesize molecular sieve-derived Li₄SiO₄-based CO₂ sorbents, namely, ZSM-5-LS2, -LS3, and -LS4, corresponding to their lithium-to-silicon mole ratios of 2:1, 3:1, and 4:1. The adsorption capacities of ZSM-5-LS2, -LS3, and -LS4 are 0.12, 0.26, and 0.32 g of CO₂/g of Li₄SiO₄, respectively. ZSM-5-LS4 shows the highest CO₂ adsorption capacity while presenting poor cyclic stability. The adsorption capacity of ZSM-5-LS4 decreases to 83.3% of the original performance at the 30th cycle, while the performance of ZSM-5-LS2, -LS3 remains essentially unchanged after 30 cycles, demonstrating the significance of ZSM-5 derived Li₄SiO₄ under a moderate lithium-to-silicon mole ratio. In situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and operando X-ray diffraction tests verify the generation of Li₂CO₃ and Li₂SiO₃ after CO₂ adsorption and the regeneration of Li₄SiO₄ after desorption. This study provides an important experimental basis for the exploitation of molecular sieve-derived lithium-based high-performance CO₂ sorbents.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 40","pages":"19332–19341"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the Role of a Tantalum-Doped TiO2 Electron Transport Layer in Suppressing Halide Segregation in Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Saurabh Srivastava*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Sudhir Ranjan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shailesh Kumar Sah,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Anand Singh,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Srinivas Karthik Yadavalli,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Raju Kumar Gupta,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Ashish Garg*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03395","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Wide-bandgap (WBG) FA_0.8Cs_0.2Pb(I_0.7Br_0.3)₃ perovskites are important components for fabricating perovskite-based tandem solar cells. However, their performance is limited by phase instability and pronounced open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i>_oc) losses, primarily driven by light-induced halide segregation. In this article, we report a novel interface engineering strategy employing tantalum-doped TiO₂ (Ta-TiO₂) as the electron transport layer to suppress phase segregation and mitigate interfacial recombination in WBG perovskites. Our investigations show that the enhanced electrical conductivity of Ta-TiO₂ facilitates efficient charge extraction, reducing carrier accumulation at the ETL/perovskite interface. In-situ photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals suppression of spectral broadening under continuous illumination, indicating enhanced compositional stability and a reduction in trap-state density. Notably, these measurements also demonstrate the efficacy of the Ta-TiO₂ layer in suppressing halide segregation even in perovskite compositions with higher bromine content, highlighting its potential for stabilizing wider bandgap perovskite materials that typically exhibit more severe phase segregation. Devices incorporating Ta-TiO₂ achieve a high-power conversion efficiency of 16.2% with a substantially reduced <i>V</i>_oc loss and exhibit superior operational stability, retaining 80% of initial efficiency after 500 h under continuous one sun illumination in an inert atmosphere. This work establishes Ta-TiO₂ as an effective interface modifier to alleviate interfacial strain and enhance both the efficiency and photostability of WBG perovskite solar cells, providing a viable route toward durable perovskite-based tandem photovoltaic cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 40","pages":"19462–19475"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of Imbibition and CO2 Huff-and-Puff Enhanced Oil Recovery in Shale Porous Media","authors":"Xiaodong Dai,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jianguang Wei*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ying Yang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Anlun Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Dong Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Anqi Shen,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Runnan Zhou,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c04125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c04125","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Efficient recovery of shale oil remains a major technical challenge due to the ultralow permeability, complex pore-fracture structure, diverse lithofacies, and inherently limited natural productivity. Conventional enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques often yield limited effectiveness when they are applied independently. The present study investigates a hybrid EOR strategy that combines acidic slickwater imbibition with CO₂ huff-and-puff, aiming to enhance oil recovery through synergistic physical and chemical mechanisms. Core samples from four representative shale reservoirs were tested under reservoir-representative temperature and pressure conditions. A suite of experiments, including 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), rheology tests, and minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) evaluations, were conducted to assess fluid behavior and recovery. 2D NMR results revealed that CO₂ huff-and-puff significantly enhanced oil displacement, especially from micropores and mesopores that were less responsive to water imbibition. Interfacial tension measurements confirmed that CO₂ exhibited the lowest values (∼1 mN/m), while acidified slickwater outperformed base slickwater. CO₂ dissolution further reduces the oil viscosity, enhancing fluid mobility. MMP tests showed that miscibility between CO₂ and oil was achieved only in the DMT reservoir (37.61 MPa), partially explaining the superior recovery performance. Overall, the hybrid acidic slickwater + CO₂ approach is proven effective, achieving average oil recoveries of about 50% and up to nearly 70% in most cores, representing an improvement of 10–30% over single-method treatments. These findings support the design of EOR strategies in shale reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 40","pages":"19274–19285"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational Design of Self-Supported Ni3Fe–Ni3P/NF Electrocatalyst for pH-Universal Hydrogen Evolution Reaction","authors":"Tianli Chen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Lin Ma,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ying-Ya Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Zhichao Sun,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yao Wang*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Anjie Wang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03599","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of Ni–P-based electrocatalysts with high active site density and superior intrinsic activity remains challenging in achieving an efficient and durable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we report a heterostructure catalyst prepared by electroless plating on nickel foam (NF) followed by a temperature-programmed hydrogen reduction. The prepared Ni₃Fe–Ni₃P/NF catalyst achieves remarkably low overpotentials of 61, 108, and 91 mV at −10 mA cm^–2 in acidic (0.5 M H₂SO₄), alkaline (1.0 M KOH), and neutral (1.0 M PBS) electrolytes, respectively. It is revealed that a mutually enhanced synergistic effect between Ni₃Fe intermetallic compounds and Ni₃P phosphides concertedly boosts the HER kinetics. The electroless plating step is found to be essential for constructing a continuous smooth interfacial layer, effectively expanding the three-dimensional architecture of the catalyst while optimizing its electronic structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 40","pages":"19411–19421"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}