Energy & Fuels最新文献

{"title":"Control of Charge Carrier Separation and Recombination in Quantum Dots by Ligand Binding Mode: Time-Domain Ab Initio Study","authors":"Zihang Liu,&nbsp;Siyu Wang,&nbsp;Shriya Gumber,&nbsp;Vladimir A. Basiuk,&nbsp;Oleg V. Prezhdo* and Run Long*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03204","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Point defects and nonstoichiometric surfaces are common in quantum dots (QDs). They influence the QD performance in optoelectronic devices by trapping charges, creating charge-separated states, and altering charge carrier lifetimes. We demonstrate by ab initio quantum dynamics simulation that the location of ligands relative to defect sites has a strong quantitative and even qualitative influence on the charge carrier dynamics. Considering a Cd vacancy in a CdS QD and a phenothiazine (PTZ) ligand, we show that when the ligand is located far from the vacancy, photogenerated holes are transiently trapped by the vacancy and transfer to PTZ. This delays the formation of the charge-separated state (CdS^–-PTZ⁺). However, the charge-separated state is long-lived. In comparison, if the Cd vacancy and the PTZ molecule are in proximity of each other, the molecule passivates the defect. The charge separation becomes much less pronounced, and the charge recombination is accelerated even compared with the pristine CdS QD. The former situation is favorable for solar energy and catalytic applications of QDs, while the latter is advantageous for light emission. We suggest that two types of ligands may be required in general: one passivating the defect and the other acting as a charge acceptor. The atomistic description of how the photoinduced dynamics of charge carriers in QD-ligand complexes is influenced by defect and ligand location and can efficiently compete with electron–phonon energy dissipation, even in the presence of defects, suggests strategies for tuning QD performance through defect and ligand engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"16431–16439"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combinatorial Use of Reference Electrodes and DRT for Disentangling AEM Electrolyzer Losses","authors":"Suhas Nuggehalli Sampathkumar*,&nbsp;Thomas Benjamin Ferriday,&nbsp;Samaneh Daviran,&nbsp;Hamza Moussaoui,&nbsp;Philippe Aubin,&nbsp;Khaled Lawand,&nbsp;Mounir Mensi,&nbsp;Pascal Alexander Schouwink,&nbsp;Albert Taureg,&nbsp;Vanja Subotić,&nbsp;Arthur Paul Lucien Thévenot,&nbsp;Fabio Dionigi,&nbsp;Peter Strasser and Jan Van Herle,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c01799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c01799","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) offer a promising alternative to proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers, leveraging non-precious-metal catalysts and alkaline electrolytes for cost reduction. However, challenges persist in achieving long-term durability, high current densities, and stable membrane performance. While previous studies have examined AEM development, a comprehensive structural-electrochemical analysis of AEMWE components under prolonged operation remains limited. This study presents a detailed structural and electrochemical characterization of a commercial AEMWE, where its full-cell performance was matched with the intrinsic half-electrode performance through the use of dual reference electrodes. The electrochemical analysis was supported by a thorough tomographic and spectroscopic investigation of each electrode, thereby providing for the first time a complete materials analysis of the commercial NiFeO_x anode and Raney nickel cathode. Electrochemical characterization using LSV, EIS, and a dual reference electrode setup revealed full-cell performance of 1.0 A cm^–2 at 2.2 V (ambient) and 1.1 A cm^–2 at 2.0 V (60 °C), with an HHV efficiency of 74.5% at 1.0 A cm^–2. Long-term operation over 1000 h at 1.0 A cm^–2, 60 °C, in 1.0 M KOH resulted in a substantial polarization resistance increase beyond 230 h, despite an unexpected continuous improvement in MEA performance due to membrane degradation. DRT analysis, coupled with reference electrode studies, was critical in isolating losses. Low-frequency peaks (1.5–25 Hz) were linked to bubble formation, while intermediate-frequency (50–2000 Hz) and high-frequency (&gt;2000 Hz) processes corresponded to charge transfer and ionic transport. The NiFeO_x anode exhibited better charge transfer, whereas the Raney nickel cathode showed higher polarization resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"16485–16500"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c01799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CoWO4/WO3 Anchored on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Substrate: A Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for High-Efficient Zinc–Air Batteries","authors":"Yinqiu Jiang,&nbsp;Xuyang Lu,&nbsp;Yihang Cao,&nbsp;Qian Yang,&nbsp;Huangang Shi,&nbsp;Deqing He* and Chao Su*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03195","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Zinc–air batteries have garnered significant attention due to high energy density and eco-friendly characteristics, though the slow kinetics of both oxygen reduction and evolution reactions remain a critical challenge. To address this challenge, we designed and synthesized CoWO₄/WO₃ anchored on nitrogen-doped carbon substrates as a bifunctional electrocatalyst with high efficiency for zinc–air batteries. The incorporation of cobalt into WO₃ nanoparticles facilitated the formation of the bimetallic oxide CoWO₄, which can expose more electrocatalytic active sites. The introduction of CoWO₄ markedly enhanced both charge transfer efficiency and oxygen species adsorption capacity. Under alkaline conditions, CoWO₄/WO₃@N–C exhibits a significant improvement in the conversion kinetics of oxygen species. The zinc–air batteries with CoWO₄/WO₃@N–C achieved a peak power density of 110 mW·cm^–2 while maintaining robust cycling stability. These studies provide new ideas for designing efficient bimetallic oxide catalysts and promote wider applications of zinc–air batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"16460–16468"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prospects of Developing Ultrahigh Energy Efficiency Hydrogen–Oxygen Fuel Cells","authors":"Kyuman Kim,&nbsp;Atheer Al-Musawi,&nbsp;Klaudia Wagner,&nbsp;Chong-Yong Lee,&nbsp;Gerhard F. Swiegers* and Gordon G. Wallace,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02810","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A recent trend in science has been focused on improving the energy efficiency of electrochemical and other energy conversion devices. This work continues the theme by reviewing the prospects for developing viable low-temperature fuel cells (LTFCs) that utilize hydrogen and oxygen and operate with exceedingly high energy efficiencies of 75–85%. The best currently available commercial LTFCs, for example, the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) used in hydrogen hybrid vehicles, typically operate at energy efficiencies of ≤60%, generating ≤20.0 kWh of electricity per 1 kg of hydrogen consumed. When combined with state-of-the-art commercial water electrolyzers, which require ∼50 kWh to produce 1 kg of hydrogen, these systems offer a round-trip efficiency of only ∼40%. This makes them uncompetitive for large-scale energy storage. By contrast, future LTFCs operating at 75–85% energy efficiency would yield 25.0–28.3 kWh per 1 kg of hydrogen. When combined with recently developed water electrolyzers that require only ∼38.0–41.5 kWh to produce 1 kg of hydrogen, such systems could achieve round-trip efficiencies of up to 75%. This would be competitive with large-scale energy storage systems like pumped hydro, which provide a necessary alternative to batteries. Although Li-ion batteries can achieve round-trip efficiencies of ∼90%, their high cost and limited storage capacity hinder their use in grid-scale applications. Developing ultrahigh energy efficiency fuel cells therefore offers substantial promise as an alternative energy storage system. Achieving 75–85% efficiency at 80 °C requires fuel cells to operate at voltages of 0.9–1.0 V. This Review explores recent advances in electrocatalysts, interelectrode membranes, and other developments that have enabled PEMFCs, anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), and alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) that produce notable current densities at cell voltages of ≥0.9 V. The prospects of extending such technical achievements to the creation of fuel cells capable of viably operating at 75–85% energy efficiency are discussed. The most promising pathway to such ultrahigh energy efficiency is found to involve pressurizing the fuel cell gases to pressures notably higher than those used in commercial fuel cells at present (e.g., 4–10 bar).</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"16078–16099"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water-Based Drilling Fluids Rheological Properties and Clay-Silty Sediments Mechanical Behavior Response","authors":"Yanghui Li,&nbsp;Jing Guo,&nbsp;Xinyi Wang,&nbsp;Peng Wu* and Yongchen Song*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c01355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c01355","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Natural gas hydrates are characterized by shallow burial and a narrow pressure window. During actual drilling operations, drilling fluids can cause a series of impacts such as cyclic disturbances and invasion into the formation, altering the properties of formation fluids and leading to engineering issues such as formation instability. The rheological properties of drilling fluids directly affect their flow behavior in the wellbore, cuttings transport capacity, and the extent of formation invasion. Therefore, optimizing the rheological performance of drilling fluids is a prerequisite and guarantee for ensuring drilling safety and the safe extraction of gas hydrates. In this study, focusing on the rheological properties of marine water-based drilling fluids, traditional water-based drilling fluids were prepared with different additives (Bentonite, NaCl, Sulfomethylated Phenolic Resin, and Polyethylene glycol). The rheological characteristics of the drilling fluids were systematically investigated through rotational shear tests, stress oscillation tests, and frequency oscillation tests. Additionally, the impact of drilling fluid invasion on the mechanical properties of clay-silty sediments was examined by conducting triaxial shear tests on soil samples containing different drilling fluids. The results indicate that (1) bentonite and sulfomethylated phenolic resin significantly increase viscosity and enhance viscoelasticity, thereby reinforcing the gel structure and improving the rheological performance of the drilling fluid. NaCl reduces drilling fluid viscosity; at low concentrations, it enhances viscoelasticity, whereas at high concentrations, it destabilizes the drilling fluid structure and decreases viscoelasticity. Polyethylene glycol exerts a minimal effect on drilling fluid viscosity and viscoelasticity, leading to only a slight reduction. (2) The rheological curves of all drilling fluids exhibit distinct yield-pseudoplastic flow behavior, which is better described by the Herschel-Bulkley model. The adjusted <i>R</i>² values for the fitted models were mostly above 0.99. (3) All soil specimens exposed to drilling fluids exhibited strain-hardening response. Compared to water-saturated soil specimens, those exposed to drilling fluids exhibited more pronounced strain hardening and a significant increase in failure strength. (4) The incorporation of sulfomethylated phenolic resin and polyethylene glycol significantly enhanced the failure strength of soil specimens exposed to drilling fluids, whereas NaCl addition led to a reduction in failure strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"16223–16241"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 Capture via Electrolytic Regeneration Coupled with Hydrogen Production Using Weakly Acidic Potassium Salt Electrolyte","authors":"Youkun Gao,&nbsp;Sida Tian*,&nbsp;Chenjun Ning,&nbsp;Wenyue Wang and Xinglei Zhao*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02275","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) stands as a critical technology for carbon mitigation in coal-fired power plants. Conventional CO₂ absorbents require high energy consumption for thermal regeneration. Although electrolytic regeneration using strong-acid salts can reduce energy demand, this approach still faces challenges such as corrosion and the simultaneous evolution of CO₂ and O₂. To address the dual challenges of energy efficiency and corrosion resistance in CO₂ capture regeneration, this study selected a weakly acidic potassium salt as the electrolyte and adopted a flow-phase electrolytic cell characterized by low operational voltage and enhanced mass transfer efficiency. A novel integrated system combining CO₂ capture, electrolytic regeneration, and hydrogen production was constructed, enabling effective oxygen and CO₂ separation. Systematic experiments evaluated the impacts of electrolyte concentration, current density, temperature, and circulation flow rate on system performance, with the aim of exploring optimal energy consumption conditions for this hydrogen-integrated CO₂ electrolytic regeneration system. The results demonstrate that temperature elevation exerts the most pronounced effect on reducing electrolysis voltage and lowering regeneration energy consumption. In contrast, the influence of electrolyte concentration on this electrolytic regeneration system exhibits nonlinear characteristics, with the 3 M weakly acidic potassium salt solution outperforming both 1 and 5 M counterparts. Under conditions of 80 °C, a constant current density of 200 mA/cm² applied to the 3 M weakly acidic potassium salt solution, and a circulation flow rate of 50 mL/min, the total energy consumption is approximately 4.55 kJ. During stable hydrogen production, the hydrogen purity reaches 95%. After deducting the energy value of the generated hydrogen, the system achieves a net CO₂ capture energy consumption of 54.39 kJ/mol CO₂. The experimental results suggest that this system may exhibit superior competitiveness compared to strong-acid salt-based electrolytic regeneration systems in coal-fired power plant decarbonization applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"16319–16326"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Composite Polymer Electrolyte with Active SBA-15 Filler for Chloride Ion Batteries","authors":"Ye Tu,&nbsp;Shijiao Sun* and Xiangyu Zhao*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c03539","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of chloride ion batteries (CIBs) presents a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to the abundance of chloride resources and improved safety. However, the dissolution of cathode materials in liquid electrolytes significantly limits their practical application. In this study, a new type of composite polymer electrolyte (CPE) is designed by incorporating ethylene carbonate (EC)-confined mesoporous silica (designated as active SBA-15) into a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and tributylmethylammonium chloride (TBMACl) matrix. The active filler not only suppresses the crystallinity of the polymer matrix but also offers extra ion-conductive pathways. The resulting CPE exhibits an enhanced room-temperature ionic conductivity of 2.45 × 10^–5 S cm^–1, a broad electrochemical stability window up to 5.3 V, and excellent mechanical strength. Electrochemical tests of FeOCl/Li half-cells using this electrolyte deliver an initial discharge capacity of 161 mAh g^–1 and retain a capacity of 60 mAh g^–1 after 20 cycles. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of active SBA-15 in enhancing the electrochemical and mechanical properties of polymer electrolytes, offering a feasible pathway for next-generation all-solid-state CIBs with enhanced performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"16469–16477"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal Plane Engineering in Ni-Rich Layered Cathodes LiNixCoyMn1–x–yO2(NCM, x ≥ 0.6): A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Zixuan Li,&nbsp;Lipeng Yang,&nbsp;Zhongkai Cao,&nbsp;Lei Ma*,&nbsp;Ce Gao* and Jixue Shen*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02523","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High-nickel layered LiNi_<i>x</i>Co_<i>y</i>Mn_{1–<i>x</i>–<i>y</i>}O₂ (NCM, <i>x</i> ≥ 0.6) cathodes are promising for high-energy lithium-ion batteries but face challenges in structural stability and interfacial dynamics. Key limitations include irreversible phase transitions induced by oxygen loss, concentration polarization resulting from lithium-ion diffusion anisotropy, and surface instability arising from highly reactive facets such as {104}. Crystal facet engineering addresses these issues by balancing facet-dependent properties: high-index facets ({104}, {010}) enhance Li⁺ transport but exacerbate oxygen release, whereas low-index {003} facets stabilize the oxygen sublattice at the expense of reaction kinetics. Current technologies nevertheless face challenges including inadequate compatibility between facet orientation and electrolyte and unclear synergistic mechanisms among multiple crystal planes, necessitating precise synthetic strategies for customized facet-performance design. This review elucidates structure–performance relationships governed by crystal orientation, systematically investigating precursor crystallization control and lithiation optimization for directional exposure of active facets ({010} and {104}). The underlying mechanisms connecting reduced lithium-ion diffusion barriers to suppressed structural degradation are revealed. Single-crystal particle alignment strategies significantly improve cycling stability by eliminating grain boundary defects, while novel synthesis approaches, including coprecipitation with chelating agents, organic/inorganic doping, preoxidation, and molten-salt-assisted sintering, provide new pathways for facet-selective growth. These findings establish theoretical foundations for high-energy-density cathode design, highlighting the pivotal role of crystallographic regulation in advancing next-generation battery technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"15991–16015"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the Combustion Kinetics of Di-Isopropyl Ketone: New Insights from Elevated Temperature LBV Measurements","authors":"Amardeep Fulzele,&nbsp;Aditya Kotwal,&nbsp;Sarvesh Patil and Sudarshan Kumar*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02454","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study focuses on measuring the laminar burning velocity (LBV) of the second-generation biofuel di-isopropyl ketone (DIPK) + air mixtures using an externally heated diverging channel method at elevated mixture temperatures. Experiments were conducted at elevated mixture temperatures of up to 639 K across a range of equivalence ratios varying from 0.7 to 1.3 under atmospheric pressure conditions. The obtained LBV measurements were compared with existing experimental data and predictions from a recently developed comprehensive chemical kinetic model of DIPK. The results demonstrated good agreement between the present LBV measurements and existing data, and the predictions from the Lin model also showed a good trend of LBV values at lower mixture temperatures (up to 393 K). However, the Lin model exhibited significant underpredictions at elevated temperatures when compared to the present measurements. From the sensitivity analysis, key reactions were identified, and the rate coefficients of reaction R84 were updated from the recent mechanism of NUIGMech1.3. Notably, the updated rate coefficients for reaction R84: CH₂ + O₂ =&gt; CO₂ + 2H showed an increase in the rate constant with temperature (∼293% at 2500 K, ∼220% at 750 K, and ∼174% at 500 K), enhancing the LBV of DIPK + air mixtures. The updated DIPK model demonstrated improved agreement with LBV measurements from existing literature across various mixture temperatures and equivalence ratios, as well as with the present experimental data at elevated temperatures. The modification of R84 improves LBV, with a negligible impact on ignition delay times and species mole fraction profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 34","pages":"16254–16266"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144906815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile Z-Scheme Photocatalyst Sheets Consisting of Metal Sulfides and Poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene of a Conductive Polymer for Visible-Light-Driven Water Splitting","authors":"Kengo Nagatsuka,&nbsp;Shunya Yoshino,&nbsp;Yuichi Yamaguchi and Akihiko Kudo*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02135","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A Z-scheme photocatalyst sheet capable of water splitting under visible light was constructed by integrating a p-type (CuGa)_0.5ZnS₂ semiconductor for H₂ evolution, a n-type CoO_x-loaded BiVO₄ photocatalyst for O₂ evolution, and poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT) as a solid-state hole transfer mediator on a fluorine-doped tin-oxide-coated glass (FTO) substrate. Water splitting proceeded under ambient temperature and 1 atm of argon, without pH adjustment. On the photocatalyst sheet employing a metal sulfide, PEDOT should be prepared by electrochemical oxidative polymerization of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) but not chemical oxidation with FeCl₃ as an oxidant. Photoelectrochemical measurements revealed that PEDOT polymerized by electrochemical oxidation had a great hole transporting property to extract photogenerated holes smoothly from a (CuGa)_0.5ZnS₂ photocatalyst. Cu_0.5Ga_0.4In_0.1ZnS₂ (λ &lt; 560 nm) and Cu₃VS₄ (λ &lt; 830 nm) with responses to visible light with longer wavelengths than (CuGa)_0.5ZnS₂ (λ &lt; 540 nm) were also applied to the sheet modified with PEDOT, achieving Z-schematic water splitting under visible light illumination.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 35","pages":"17021–17028"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c02135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}