Energy & Fuels最新文献

{"title":"Aromatic-Selective Size Exclusion Chromatography (ASSEC) for Alkyl Carbon Distribution in Petroleum: Insights from High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Saroj K. Panda*,&nbsp;Mohamed Elanany,&nbsp;Tarik M. Hoshan,&nbsp;Mona S. Al-Dossary,&nbsp;Abdulaziz S. Domiati,&nbsp;Nadrah A. Alawani,&nbsp;Hendrik Muller,&nbsp;Abdullah A. Al-Zahrani,&nbsp;Sarafaraz Alam and Mohammed S. Alsabty,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0016310.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00163https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00163","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Petroleum aromatic compounds play major roles in the hydrocarbon exploration and refining processes. The contemporary analytical techniques, such as gas chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry, are not capable of providing a comprehensive characterization of aromatics in complete boiling ranges of petroleum samples. Previous methods report the compositional information (in terms of average molecular weights) of petroleum samples using size exclusion chromatography and particularly for aromatics using aromatic-selective size exclusion chromatography (ASSEC). However, unlike in polymers, the average molecular weight information does not accurately reflect the composition of petroleum products. Especially, petroleum aromatics are composed of different ring sizes (or numbers) and different alkylation patterns (or alkyl chain lengths). For comprehensive characterization of aromatics, it is essential to conduct a two-dimensional separation based on ring size in one dimension and alkylation in another dimension. Ring-size separations have been well reported; however, separations based on alkylation for petroleum aromatics are scarce. Therefore, we developed a molecular-modeling-assisted ASSEC method to determine the alkyl substituent carbon distribution of aromatic compounds. Subsequently, the method was applied to the determination of the alkyl chain length of aromatics in the complete boiling ranges of petroleum samples (crude oil, distillation cuts, and residue). It is found that an increase in the boiling temperature of the petroleum samples is associated with an increase in the number of alkyl carbon substituents of aromatics. Additionally, both <i>C</i>_p (alkyl carbon atom number corresponding to the highest intensity) and <i>C</i>_w (weighted average alkyl carbon atom number) values increase successively discerning the alkylation pattern of aromatics in petroleum samples with the increase in boiling temperature. The developed method can be adopted in one dimension in a two-dimensional liquid chromatographic method for the comprehensive characterization of petroaromatics.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5227–5236 5227–5236"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini-Review on Petroleum Molecular Geochemistry: Opportunities with Digitalization, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Kaiming Su*,&nbsp;Yaohui Xu,&nbsp;Qingyong Luo,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Yang Li and Gang Yan,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c0540210.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05402https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05402","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Molecular geochemistry plays a vital role in understanding the origin of oil and gas, correlating hydrocarbons with their source rocks, and evaluating the potential of source rocks. However, traditional molecular geochemistry methods increasingly struggle to meet the demands of modern exploration due to their complexity and inefficiency. This challenge is particularly pronounced in the digital era, where petroleum exploration is characterized by continuous refinement and the growing prominence of unconventional hydrocarbons. To address these challenges, various machine-learning techniques, leveraging statistical and chemometric principles, have emerged as effective solutions. This review analyzes the application and challenges of machine-learning-based methods in molecular geochemical data processing, highlighting both unsupervised techniques (such as hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis) and supervised approaches (including artificial neural networks). Additionally, it explores the future development of machine learning in petroleum molecular geochemistry, emphasizing the creation of integrated big data systems and intelligent analysis tools. This includes the use of advanced technologies, such as digitalized chromatograms and convolutional neural networks, which promise to further enhance data interpretation and decision-making in petroleum exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5034–5050 5034–5050"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Field Application of a Flow Pattern Dependent Gas Hydrate Kinetics and Transportability Model for Transient Multiphase Flow","authors":"Christopher Brock,&nbsp;Douglas Estanga,&nbsp;Douglas J. Turner,&nbsp;Stephan Hatscher,&nbsp;Luis Ugueto,&nbsp;Luis E. Zerpa,&nbsp;E. Dendy Sloan and Carolyn A. Koh*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c0540710.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05407https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05407","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Oil and gas flowlines operating in subsea or cold terrestrial environments face a heightened risk of forming gas hydrate deposits and plugs after shut-in and during restart, due to the lack of heat supplied from warm produced fluids. Such transient multiphase flow scenarios are not only correlated with increased risk of gas hydrate plugging but are simultaneously the least well-understood gas hydrate risk situation. Gas hydrate plugs are costly to remediate and can result in significant operational downtimes, and they pose potential environmental and safety concerns. As the industry aims to transition from a gas hydrate prevention approach to a gas hydrate management paradigm, it is important to understand the implications of operational actions on gas hydrate formation and plugging risk. This work advances the development of a conceptual picture for gas hydrate formation and transportability in transient multiphase flow scenarios based on laboratory and field observations. A novel gas hydrate kinetics and transportability model has been developed based on this conceptual picture and coupled with a transient multiphase flow simulator. The model makes advancements based on the novel implementation of key physical phenomena that are not well described in existing hydrate kinetics and transportability models, including the impact of intermittent flow patterns on hydrate formation kinetics, transportation of a hydrate slurry via an empirical correlation, and hydrate deposit sloughing. The model has been applied to a transient field case in which a gas hydrate blockage was formed. The model is and was able to predict the formation of gas hydrate plugs in the line and accurately model the associated pressure drop in terms of magnitude, timing, and trend.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5188–5198 5188–5198"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on a Self-Driven Mineral Carbonation Path in Solid Waste","authors":"Quanjuan Lei,&nbsp;Hao Lu* and Huachen Liu,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c0634810.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c06348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c06348https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c06348","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Mineral carbonation technology is primarily categorized into direct and indirect approaches for the effective fixation of CO₂. The direct approach involves gas–solid or liquid-phase reactions that bind CO₂ directly to minerals. Nevertheless, this method is constrained by slow reaction rates and high costs. The indirect approach extracts calcium and magnesium ions from minerals for subsequent carbonation processing. However, it also encounters considerable cost and technical difficulties. Despite these limitations, mineral carbonation technology holds substantial potential for CO₂ sequestration. To address the constraints of traditional methods, this paper innovatively proposes a self-driven mineral carbonation. By introduction of an internal carbon source, this technology simplifies the carbonation conditions, reduces energy consumption, improves economic viability, and enhances its potential for widespread application. In this study, the feasibility of employing an internal carbon source for carbonation was thoroughly investigated. The influence of key factors (the amount of carbon source, temperature, and time) on the compressive strength of steel slag after carbonation was also extensively analyzed. The test results demonstrate that the compressive strength of carbonated steel slag reaches as high as 34.02 MPa, which fully meets practical requirements and offers a promising solution for mineral carbonation. Furthermore, this paper proposes a novel concept of a coupled capture and carbonization process, aiming to enhance the integration of CCUS (carbon capture, utilization, and storage) processes to more effectively advance carbon reduction goals. This innovative approach not only offers a fresh perspective for future solid waste mineral carbonation endeavors but also brings forth new ideas for the global pursuit of carbon emission reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5479–5490 5479–5490"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Dynamic Behavior of Supercritical CO2 Pipeline Based on the Nonisothermal Transient Flow Model","authors":"Qiyun Jia,&nbsp;Yuxing Li*,&nbsp;Qihui Hu*,&nbsp;Xuefeng Zhao,&nbsp;Buze Yin,&nbsp;Lan Meng,&nbsp;Jianlu Zhu and Jianxin Lu,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c0601010.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c06010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c06010https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c06010","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In supercritical CO₂ pipeline transport, the operation of pumps and valves often causes the pipeline to enter a transient state. Accurately describing the dynamic response in this state is crucial for making safety control decisions. This paper proposes a nonisothermal one-dimensional transient flow model for supercritical CO₂ pipelines based on one-dimensional transient flow equations and equipment characteristic equations. By comparison with experimental data, the GERG-2008 equation, known for its high accuracy, is chosen to calculate the physical property parameters of CO₂. By comparing with several sets of literature data, the results show that the errors are all within the acceptable range, which verifies the high accuracy of the model. The study investigates the hydraulic and thermal changes in the pipeline under transient operating conditions, including valve closure, slow startup, and sudden shutdown of the centrifugal pump. The results showed that the water-strike intensity of a supercritical CO₂ pipeline is one-third that of a water pipeline but 12 times that of a methane pipeline, which requires sufficient attention. The effect of impurity composition on water strike is significant, particularly when the N₂ content reaches 5%, at which point the maximum pressure decreases by 15.1%. In addition, the timing and method of valve shutoff significantly impact water strikes. It is recommended to prioritize the calculation of piping cycles, determine the maximum valve closing time in conjunction with industry standards, and use a linear valve closing method to reduce the water strike pressure. Studies have shown that the startup or sudden shutdown of centrifugal pumps at the inlet can cause sharp fluctuations in the pressure and flow rate, but the new equilibrium state will be established quickly. In addition, doping reduces the magnitude and rate of pressure changes in the pipeline. This study provides an essential foundation for the safe and stable operation of supercritical CO₂ pipelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5463–5478 5463–5478"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Residual Water and Salinity on Hydrogen Adsorption and its Distribution in Geological Minerals: Insights into Hydrogen Geostorage and Natural Production","authors":"Temoor Muther,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Amirmasoud Kalantari Dahaghi*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c0594110.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05941https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05941","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hydrogen interactions with subsurface geological formations have gained significant attention due to their potential for both hydrogen storage and natural hydrogen production. However, the behavior of hydrogen in the presence of residual water within geological pores remains insufficiently understood. This study uses Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations to explore the interactions between hydrogen and subsurface minerals in the presence of residual water, considering varying salinity levels. The primary objective was to understand how thermodynamic conditions such as pressure and temperature, as well as water saturation and salinity, influence hydrogen adsorption and distribution within geological pore spaces. The results reveal that hydrogen adsorption is significantly impacted by thermodynamic conditions, with increased pressure increasing hydrogen adsorption on mineral surfaces and bulk phase saturation, while elevated temperatures reduce these parameters. In the presence of residual water, hydrogen uptake decreases across all minerals, with the degree of reduction being dependent on the mineral type. Notably, the presence of residual water leads to competition for adsorption sites and space in the bulk phase, limiting the hydrogen adsorption capacity. Under saturated water conditions, the minerals followed a general trend in hydrogen uptake: hydroxylated quartz &gt; kaolinite &gt; calcite &gt; Na-montmorillonite &gt; K-Illite, reflecting differences in surface properties and mineral–hydrogen–water interactions. The study also reveals that increased salinity moderately reduces hydrogen uptake, although the effect is less pronounced than that of water saturation. Additionally, shifts in hydrogen distribution were observed, attributed to ion distribution on the mineral surface. Furthermore, the addition of carbon dioxide and methane reduced the hydrogen uptake due to competitive adsorption mechanisms. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of hydrogen behavior in geological environments, providing valuable data for optimizing hydrogen storage systems and advancing natural hydrogen production strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5633–5650 5633–5650"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shale Gas Production and CO2 Storage of CO2-ESGR Based on the Stress–Strain–Sorption Behavior of Shale","authors":"Hongzhang Wang,&nbsp;Junping Zhou*,&nbsp;Xuefu Xian,&nbsp;Shifeng Tian,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Dong,&nbsp;Chenghao Xu,&nbsp;Nianjie Kuang,&nbsp;Yifan Peng,&nbsp;Chenye Guo and Huaquan Jiang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0048910.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00489https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00489","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The CO₂-enhanced shale gas recovery (CO₂-ESGR) technique is a promising method for enhancing shale gas production and sequestering of CO₂. In this study, a two-component gas flow model in shale reservoirs considering the stress–strain–sorption behavior of shale during the CO₂-ESGR process was developed. Using this model, the impact of the parameters of the ratio of Langmuir volume of CO₂ (<i></i><math><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub></math>) to Langmuir volume of CH₄ (<i></i><math><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></msub></math>), initial reservoir pressure, CO₂ injection rate (<i>R</i>_i), and the staring time of CO₂ injection (<i>T</i>_s,i) on the CO₂-ESGR process was analyzed by numerical simulation. The results indicate that the sustained reduction in reservoir porosity and permeability during primary production is dominated by the effect of effective stress changes. Following CO₂ injection, reservoir porosity and permeability decrease rapidly in the CO₂ sweep region mainly due to the CO₂/CH₄ adsorption-induced differential swelling, while it is still dominated by effective stress changes outside the CO₂ sweep region. CH₄ production is negatively related to <i></i><math><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></msub></math> and <i>T</i>_s,i, while positively related to the initial reservoir pressure and <i>R</i>_i. The CO₂ storage volume is positively related to <i></i><math><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mi>V</mi><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></msub></math>, <i>R</i>_i, and <i>T</i>_s,i, while shows no significant correlation with the initial reservoir pressure. These findings offer valuable insights for parameter optimization of the CO₂-ESGR process.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5406–5418 5406–5418"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olive Mill Waste-Derived Activated Carbon for CO2 Capture Using Realistic Conditions","authors":"Pamela B. Ramos,&nbsp;Arminda Mamani,&nbsp;María F. Sardella,&nbsp;Amaya Arencibia,&nbsp;Raúl Sanz,&nbsp;Eloy S. Sanz-Pérez,&nbsp;Marcela A. Bavio and María Erans*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c0488010.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c04880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c04880https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c04880","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Olive mill waste (OMW) is a solid residue largely generated in the production of olive oil, whose haphazard dumping causes soil and water contamination due to its high content of organic compounds and characteristic acidic nature. This agroindustrial waste source can be used as a potential sustainable precursor for the production of activated carbon that can be used as an outstanding sorbent for CO₂ capture. In this work, OMW was utilized as the activated carbon precursor, and KOH was used as the activating agent. Activation temperature, time, and KOH/carbon ratio were investigated in order to produce suitable activated carbons for CO₂ capture. Textural and chemical characterizations were made by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), adsorption–desorption N₂ isotherms at 77K and CO₂ isotherms at 273 K, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). CO₂ adsorption isotherms between 0 and 6 bar at 25 °C were obtained, and CO₂ uptake was also measured at 30 °C in 100 mL/min of 15% vol CO₂ for 180 min. The adsorption kinetic curves were fitted with pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models. Also, the cyclic performance of the best adsorbent was explored for 10 adsorption/desorption cycles. The highest CO₂ uptake was observed for the activated carbon synthesized with a KOH/precursor ratio of 2:1 and activated at 650 °C for 45 min, which had a CO₂ uptake of 105.7 mg/g (2.4 mmol/g) in pure CO₂ and 37.2 mg/g (0.84 mmol/g) in 15% vol CO₂, as measured in a TGA at 30 °C.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5442–5452 5442–5452"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of Water-Based Drilling Additives with Arab Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions: Impact on Rheology and Separation Behavior","authors":"Mohammad Shoaib*,&nbsp;Mohammed Alaboalirat,&nbsp;Sultan Alotaibi,&nbsp;Rakan Alajmi and Abubakar S. Ahmad,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c0558010.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05580https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05580","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Crude oil is produced as an emulsion, where the naturally occurring interfacially active species present in the crude help to emulsify the formation water or injected water. The behavior of the emulsion is significantly impacted by the existing physicochemical factors such as external chemical species, temperature, pressure, and shear rate or mixing intensity. The drilling additives utilized during drilling operations can potentially impact the flow and separation behavior of water in a crude oil emulsion. Herein, we studied the impact of three water-based drilling fluid additives on emulsions’ rheological and separation behavior as a function of water cut, temperature, and additive concentration. The crude oil forms tight and stable emulsions concomitant with its high asphaltene content with brine and does not separate without a demulsifier, even at a temperature of 76.5 °C. The impact of the drilling additives on the emulsion separation behavior in the absence of a demulsifier was not prominent except for the pusher pill, which induces some separation above 37.8 °C with a resulting emulsion separation index of 15–35%, depending upon the temperature and concentration. We also observed a favorable or detrimental impact of the drilling fluid additives on the demulsifier’s separation action depending upon the water cut and temperature of the system. The drilling additives tested in this study impact the emulsion behavior, favorable or detrimental, depending upon the type and concentration of the additive used, temperature, and water cut of the system.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5199–5209 5199–5209"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Fuel-Based Advancements of Internal Combustion Engines: Status and Perspectives","authors":"Alaa M. Khedr,&nbsp;Mohammed El-Adawy,&nbsp;Mhadi A. Ismael,&nbsp;A. Qador,&nbsp;Ahmed Abdelhafez,&nbsp;Rached Ben-Mansour,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Habib and Medhat A. Nemitallah*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0005710.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00057https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00057","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This Review provides a critical analysis of the latest research results, future challenges, and opportunities regarding fuel-based achievements for boosting efficiency and reducing emissions of internal combustion engines (ICEs). Electro-fuels (E-fuels), biofuels, natural gas, hydrogen, and ammonia are among recent alternative fuels which are considered fuel-based solutions. Moreover, fuel nanoadditives including carbon nanotubes, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, and metallic nanoparticles are also considered fuel-based solutions from another point of view. Attention is given to the production, types, and specific physical, chemical, and combustion characteristics of alternative fuels and nanoadditives regarding ICEs performance, efficiency, and emissions. E-fuels and biofuels are investigated in terms of their production, features, and effect on ICEs as well as required upgrades regarding combustion systems and strategies to adopt their drop-in. Reaching 90% of hydrogen energy share and minimal carbon emissions, combustion concepts of natural gas/hydrogen/ammonia-fueled ICEs are presented in detail with the challenges, opportunities, and required modifications to leverage these fuels in existing engines. Building on past research results, the enhancement of chemical kinetic models for studying the combustion of hydrogen and ammonia blends in addition to the risks associated with improper hydrogen/ammonia combustion, including preignition, knock, and backfire, are explained under different conditions. Much space is devoted to the effects of nanoadditives on combustion quality, emissions, and engine efficiency since their effects extend to improvement of fuel thermophysical properties and boosting the brake power by ∼8% at a concentration of 90 ppm. Different techniques of water injection are presented as part of fuel-based solutions, where direct water techniques are noticed for the significant reduction of NO_<i>x</i> emission up to 20% without EGR and up to 90% with EGR. It is concluded that the cost of these fuel solutions is still high compared to conventional fuels, however, innovations and continuous research will make them in hand shortly. So, adaptation of ICE systems to be ready for these fuels becomes imperative to enhance the efficiency and reduce the emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 11","pages":"5099–5132 5099–5132"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}