Energy & Fuels最新文献_第7页

Review and Perspectives of Technological Advances in Prediction, Prevention, and Management of Natural Gas Hydrates in Flowlines 管道天然气水合物预测、预防与管理技术进展综述与展望

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-08 Epub Date: 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c02823

Asheesh Kumar, Aniket Singh, Peter J. Metaxas, Zachary M. Aman

{"title":"Review and Perspectives of Technological Advances in Prediction, Prevention, and Management of Natural Gas Hydrates in Flowlines","authors":"Asheesh Kumar, Aniket Singh, Peter J. Metaxas, Zachary M. Aman","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c02823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c02823","url":null,"abstract":"Gashydrate formation in oil and gas flowlines can result in severeoperational, economic, and safety hazards. Therefore, advanced knowledgeof hydrate nucleation and growth kinetics is a dire need in operationswherein thermodynamic conditions are favorable for gas hydrates. Thisreview delivers an account of the research efforts put forth towardinnovative technologies and instrumental advancements with specialemphasis on their governing mechanism and methods to understand therisk of hydrate formation in subsea multiphase oil/gas pipelines.Further, a detailed section on the effect of underinhibition on hydrateplugging potential has been included due to its significance in improvingthe economic feasibility of offshore gas fields, particularly thosein deepwater and/or with long subsea tiebacks. Moreover, to understandhydrate plugging at pilot scale and in actual subsea conditions, wesummarized the state of the art in hydrate flow loops (including thosewith integrated jumpers) and their advancements in terms of instrumentation,development of new hydrate models, and integrated flow assurance framework,which eventually improve the prediction, prevention, and managementof hydrates in flow assurance.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 40","pages":"21895–21920"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic Ion Regulation and Interface Stabilization Enabled by a PVA/ZIF-8 Hybrid Layer for Dendrite-Free Zinc Anodes PVA/ZIF-8杂化层对无枝晶锌阳极的协同离子调节和界面稳定

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-08 Epub Date: 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03897

Zhiping Xiong, Yuliang Liu, Fengyuan Fu, Guangliang Xu

{"title":"Synergistic Ion Regulation and Interface Stabilization Enabled by a PVA/ZIF-8 Hybrid Layer for Dendrite-Free Zinc Anodes","authors":"Zhiping Xiong, Yuliang Liu, Fengyuan Fu, Guangliang Xu","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03897","url":null,"abstract":"Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs)offer considerable potentialfor sustainable energy storage; however, dendritic growth and interfacialparasitic reactions severely hinder the reversibility of zinc anodes.Herein, we report a multifunctional hybrid protective interphase (PVA/ZIF-8@Zn)constructed by combining poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with zeolitic imidazolateframework-8 (ZIF-8). PVA molecules regulate the Zn2+ solvationstructure through hydroxyl coordination, while ZIF-8 provides zincaffinity via its nitrogen sites, guiding uniform Zn2+ depositionand suppressing dendrite growth. Moreover, the synergistic combinationof PVA’s intrinsic flexibility and ZIF-8’s structuralrigidity suppresses parasitic side reactions and effectively accommodatesvolumetric fluctuations of the zinc anode during cycling. Consequently,the PVA/ZIF-8@Zn anode exhibits exceptional stability, achieving over2400 h of reversible cycling in symmetric cells at 1 mA cm–2 and 1 mAh cm–2. Furthermore, the assembled fullcells deliver a discharge capacity of 79 mAh g–1 after 2000 cycles at 1 A g–1, corresponding toa capacity retention of 75%. This work provides a feasible designstrategy for constructing “rigidity-flexibility synergistic”interfacial layers for high-performance AZIBs.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 40","pages":"22269–22279"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reverse Water Gas Shift over CaO under Calcination Conditions: Interplay between H2O Inhibition, CO2 Equilibrium, and Surface Dynamics 煅烧条件下CaO的反向水气转换：H2O抑制，CO2平衡和表面动力学之间的相互作用

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-08 Epub Date: 2026-09-25 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c02988

Gemma Grasa, Sergio Celiméndiz, Ramón Murillo

{"title":"Reverse Water Gas Shift over CaO under Calcination Conditions: Interplay between H2O Inhibition, CO2 Equilibrium, and Surface Dynamics","authors":"Gemma Grasa, Sergio Celiméndiz, Ramón Murillo","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c02988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c02988","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of CO2 capture and utilizationis apromising strategy for carbon management. In CaO-based systems, CaOcan act as a CO2 sorbent during carbonation and as reversewater–gas shift (RWGS) catalyst during regeneration. However,the interaction between CaCO3 decomposition and catalyticreactivity remains poorly understood. In this work, the RWGS activityof CaO was investigated under conditions relevant to desorption-enhancedreverse water–gas shift (DERWGS). Conventional power-law kineticswere unable to reproduce the experimental results, whereas the inclusionof an H2O inhibition term accurately described the observedbehavior and yielded physically meaningful reaction orders. The kineticanalysis identified H2O inhibition as a key factor governingRWGS activity. Combined analysis of RWGS and calcination kineticsreveals that the overall process arises from the coupling betweenCO2 release during calcination and its catalytic conversionon CaO. Cycling experiments further show that catalyst deactivationfollows the decay in CO2 carrying capacity, suggestinga common structural origin. These findings provide a kinetic frameworkfor describing DERWGS as a dynamically evolving system governed bythe interplay between solid-state transformation and catalytic surfaceprocesses.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 40","pages":"22228–22236"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Leucine in Hydrate-based CO2 Separation Technology for Synthesized Mixture Gas 合成混合气水合物基CO2分离技术中亮氨酸的评价

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-08 Epub Date: 2026-09-29 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03054

Xiaoya Zang, Songyang Xu, Cuiping Tang, Yong He, Yong Chen, Nengyou Wu, Deqing Liang, Shuanshi Fan

{"title":"Evaluation of Leucine in Hydrate-based CO2 Separation Technology for Synthesized Mixture Gas","authors":"Xiaoya Zang, Songyang Xu, Cuiping Tang, Yong He, Yong Chen, Nengyou Wu, Deqing Liang, Shuanshi Fan","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03054","url":null,"abstract":"To increase the combustion calorificvalue, reduce the greenhouseeffect of CO2, and prevent corrosion to pipelines, impuritygases such as CO2 and N2 in biogas must be effectivelyremoved. This study investigates the effects of leucine (Leu) on thekinetics and gas separation efficiency of synthesized ternary (CH4/CO2/N2) gas hydrate formation. Theexperimental work involved monitoring pressure drop, gas consumption,CH4 recovery, CO2 capture, and separation factorunder various conditions of pressure, temperature, and Leu concentration.Advanced characterization techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction,Raman spectroscopy, and Cryo-SEM, were employed to analyze hydratestructure, cage occupancy, and crystal morphology. The key findingsindicate that 0.5 wt % Leu optimally promotes formation kinetics andenhances gas separation at medium pressures and high supercooling.A trade-off relationship between CH4 recovery and CO2 capture was observed, influenced by Leu concentration andthe degree of supercooling. Structural analysis confirmed the formationof sI hydrate with co-occupancy of gas molecules, while morphologicalstudies showed that increased Leu concentration leads to a denser,more uniform crystal arrangement. The promotion mechanism is attributedto the adsorption of Leu’s hydrophobic groups at the hydrateinterface, which enhances gas–liquid mass transfer and facilitatesnucleation and growth, thereby improving overall kinetic performanceand separation effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 40","pages":"22170–22183"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149130641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Techno-Economic Assessment of LOHC-Based Hydrogen Export from Australia to Japan 澳大利亚向日本出口lohc制氢的技术经济评价

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c04138

Qurat Ul Ain Yasin, Tara Hosseini, Chao’en Li, Feng Wang

{"title":"Techno-Economic Assessment of LOHC-Based Hydrogen Export from Australia to Japan","authors":"Qurat Ul Ain Yasin, Tara Hosseini, Chao’en Li, Feng Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c04138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c04138","url":null,"abstract":"This study develops a corridor-specific techno-economic frameworkfor LOHC-based hydrogen export from Australia to Japan and appliesit to four representative carrier systems: toluene/methylcyclohexane(TOL/MCH), dibenzyltoluene/perhydrodibenzyltoluene (H0-DBT/H18-DBT), N-ethylcarbazole/perhydro-N-ethylcarbazole (H0-NEC/H12-NEC),and benzene/cyclohexane (BZ/CH). The framework integrates carrier-specificprocess simulation, maritime logistics, regional cost assumptions,heat-supply options, and deployability factors within a unified hydrogen-to-hydrogensupply chain boundary. The results show that hydrogen production is the dominant cost driver, while carrier choice strongly affects salablehydrogen output, dehydrogenation energy demand, and noncost feasibility.Under the base-case configuration, in which dehydrogenation heat issupplied by combusting a portion of the produced hydrogen, the deliveredlevelized cost of hydrogen (LCH2) ranges from 16.42 to24.99 A$/kg-H2, with BZ/CH achieving the lowest cost (16.42A$/kg-H2) while TOL/MCH represents the highest-cost option(24.99 A$/kg-H2). An alternative biomass combustion heatsource lowers LCH2 for all carriers and changes the rankingby making TOL/MCH the second-lowest-cost option (14.30 A$/kg-H2), while BZ/CH remains the lowest-cost system (12.41 A$/kg-H2) and H0-NEC/H12-NEC becomes the highest-costoption (19.05 A$/kg-H2). H0-DBT/H18-DBT provides a more balanced combination of cost, technical maturity,safety, and commercial deployability.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 39","pages":"21846–21865"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cu-Doped Mesoporous Coal Fly Ash for Ammonia-Free Denitration in Cement Kilns: Synergistic Catalytic Mechanism 掺铜介孔粉煤灰对水泥窑无氨脱硝的协同催化作用

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-22 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03531

Lingqin Meng, Suping Cui, Yali Wang, Duan Zhang, Feng Zhang

{"title":"Cu-Doped Mesoporous Coal Fly Ash for Ammonia-Free Denitration in Cement Kilns: Synergistic Catalytic Mechanism","authors":"Lingqin Meng, Suping Cui, Yali Wang, Duan Zhang, Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03531","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes a novel strategy to achieve ammonia-freedirectNO decomposition in cement pyroprocessing by utilizing Cu-doped modifiedcoal fly ash (Cu-MCFA) as a consumable catalytic additive. This studyaims to clarify the synergistic effect between the Fe sites withinMCFA and the supported Cu species toward direct NO decomposition.The findings indicate that alkaline–acid modification constructsa mesoporous conduit and exposes intrinsic Fe3+ activesites, while the introduction of Cu alters NO activation. Specifically,Cu doping generates binuclear [Cu–O–Cu]2+ dimers and abundant surface oxygen vacancies. These dimeric centersexecute the complete cleavage of the N–O bond via a Langmuir–Hinshelwoodbimolecular coupling mechanism, achieving 89% NO conversion and 99%N2 selectivity. In situ DRIFTS revealed that the undopedMCFA can form stable bidentate nitrates, the robust reducibility ofCu sites drives rapid oxygen desorption and averts nitrate accumulation.Furthermore, while incomplete NO decomposition over unpromoted sitesleads to massive N2O byproduct emissions, the Cu-drivenredox cycle suppresses this pathway. Importantly, leveraging the compositionalhomology between the CFA substrate and cement raw materials, the exhaustedcatalyst seamlessly undergoes in situ calcination into cement clinker.This research reveals the potential of utilizing industrial solidwaste for efficient denitration, providing a viable pathway for collaborativeresource utilization in cement-kiln systems and other energy-intensiveindustries.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 39","pages":"21782–21792"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Curing Regulation of a Thermosetting Sealing System for Deep Fractured Formations under High Temperature 高温下深部裂缝层热固性密封系统动态固化规律研究

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-21 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03374

Kun Lv, Zhenghua Sun, Ying Huang, Hongyao Yin, Yujun Feng

{"title":"Dynamic Curing Regulation of a Thermosetting Sealing System for Deep Fractured Formations under High Temperature","authors":"Kun Lv, Zhenghua Sun, Ying Huang, Hongyao Yin, Yujun Feng","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03374","url":null,"abstract":"Deep and ultradeep oil reservoirs, characterized by hightemperatures,high pressures, and strong formation heterogeneity, have emerged asthe primary battleground for crude oil production. However, conventionalplugging materials, such as hydrogels and solid particles, face significantchallenges in effectively operating within such reservoirs. In thiswork, a novel epoxy thermosetting plugging resin with good injectability,long gelation time, high strength, and excellent sealing performanceis designed and developed, which is composed of epoxy prepolymer diglycidylether of bisphenol A, curing agent 4,4′-((methylenebis(4,1-phenylene))bis(azanediyl))bis(4-(furan-2-yl)butan-2-one),and diluent butyl glycidyl ether (BGE). BGE is selected to reducethe initial system viscosity while preserving its mechanical propertiesafter solidification. Upon the addition of 20% BGE, the viscositysignificantly decreases from 52,900 mPa·s to 2680 mPa·s,while the compressive strength after curing remains 74.4 MPa, andthis addition exerts only a small influence on the gelation process.The gelation time at 150 °C reaches 7.8 h, and the cured productexhibited a 5% mass-loss temperature of 300 °C under the TGAcondition. Simulated plugging experiment results show that this systemexhibits substantially improved injectability. The breakthrough pressurereaches a value exceeding 12 MPa at 120 °C. Notably, followingwater breakthrough, the inlet pressure does not undergo a rapid reductionto 0 MPa; rather, it experiences a slight decrease to a constant valuein excess of 11 MPa. The improved injectability, long gelation time,high-temperature resistance, and exceptional mechanical properties,as well as the excellent plugging capability, make this epoxy resina promising novel plugging material for deep and ultradeep reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 39","pages":"21569–21578"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of Structure II Hydrate Nucleation Characteristics by Marine Sediment Particles in the South China Sea 南海海相沉积物颗粒对结构ⅱ水合物成核特征的调控

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03087

Qiang Wang, Du Zhou, Zhaoran Wu, Huiping Qi, Yu Feng, Huiyong Liang, Shi Shen, Tao Liu, Lei Wang, Xin Lv, Yanzhen Liu

{"title":"Regulation of Structure II Hydrate Nucleation Characteristics by Marine Sediment Particles in the South China Sea","authors":"Qiang Wang, Du Zhou, Zhaoran Wu, Huiping Qi, Yu Feng, Huiyong Liang, Shi Shen, Tao Liu, Lei Wang, Xin Lv, Yanzhen Liu","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03087","url":null,"abstract":"Elucidating the nucleation kinetics of structure II (sII)hydratesin authentic marine clay environments is essential for gas hydrateresource evaluation and safe exploitation in the South China Sea.Using in-situ marine clay sediments as porous media, we conductedhigh-pressure visual hydrate formation experiments at five loadinggradients (0–10 g) coupled with multi-scale characterizations,to quantify variations in induction time and gas conversion rate.Marine clay exhibits a pronounced dual concentration-dependent effect:moderate dosage (≤ 2 g) reduces induction time by 192.67 mincompared with the blank system, while excessive clay prolongs it by11.67 min relative to the optimal group. The gas conversion rate followsa non-monotonic trend, peaking at 2–5 g and declining sharplyat 10 g. Dispersed clay particles at low concentrations furnish abundantheterogeneous nucleation sites to lower the energy barrier, whereasexcess clay triggers aggregation and pore clogging, elevates masstransfer resistance, and inhibits nucleation. This work clarifiesthe concentration-dependent nucleation mechanism of sII hydrates innatural marine sediments, providing a reliable experimental basisfor hydrate development.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 39","pages":"21674–21682"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Process-Level Techno-Economic Assessment of Thermodynamic Promoters for Hydrate-Based Solidified Natural Gas Production 水合物基凝固天然气生产热力学促进剂工艺级技术经济评价

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-23 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03541

Yima Tor, Ponnivalavan Babu, Nagu Daraboina

{"title":"Process-Level Techno-Economic Assessment of Thermodynamic Promoters for Hydrate-Based Solidified Natural Gas Production","authors":"Yima Tor, Ponnivalavan Babu, Nagu Daraboina","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03541","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a process-level techno-economic analysisofsolidified natural gas (SNG) production via clathrate hydrate formation,evaluating three configurations ─ pure methane (sI), methane-THF(sII), and methane-1,3-dioxolane (sII) ─ at a feed capacityof 0.13 MMTPA. Process simulations were developed in Aspen HYSYS V15using the Twu–Peng–Robinson equation of state, withcapital and operating costs estimated using the Towler and Sinnottframework. Sensitivity analyses examined methane inlet pressure (atmosphericvs 45 bar) and refrigerant choice (propane vs ammonia). Literature-derivedmethane conversions of 10.0% for the pure-methane case and 42.0% forthe promoted cases were specified in the conversion-reactor model.The pure methane case yielded a process-cost levelized cost of storage(LCOS) of $0.794/kg under atmospheric conditions ─ uncompetitiveagainst LNG ($0.169–$0.434/kg) and CNG ($0.175/kg). Promoter-assistedconfigurations achieved $0.107–$0.217/kg excluding raw materialcost, competitive with LNG under favorable conditions. However, thepromoter makeup requirement of 15209 kg/h ─ the stoichiometricquantity incorporated into the sII lattice and leaving with the solidproduct ─ generates an annual raw material cost of $184M, raisingLCOS to $3.39–3.50/kg across all promoted cases regardlessof operating conditions. Because this promoter is a structural constituentof the product rather than a recoverable stream, it cannot be reducedby in-process recovery. First-stage methane compression dominatescapital and operating costs; colocation with high-pressure gas infrastructurereduces LCOS by 44–59%. These findings indicate that thermodynamicpromoters confer no net economic benefit at industrial scale, andthat the unpromoted pathway is the more tractable route to competitiveSNG, contingent on improved conversion.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 39","pages":"21821–21836"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Numerical Simulation of Gas Production from Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoirs in the South China Sea via Staged Depressurization 南海天然气水合物阶段性降压产气数值模拟

IF 6 3区工程技术

Energy & Fuels Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03321

Shuhua Lin, Zhitao Wang, Ni Liu, Yingming Xie, Zheyuan Liu, Binlin Dou, Liang Yang

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Gas Production from Natural Gas Hydrate Reservoirs in the South China Sea via Staged Depressurization","authors":"Shuhua Lin, Zhitao Wang, Ni Liu, Yingming Xie, Zheyuan Liu, Binlin Dou, Liang Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6c03321","url":null,"abstract":"Depressurization is generally regarded as the most practicalmethodfor extracting marine natural gas hydrates. However, conventionalsingle-stage depressurization often leads to rapid temperature dropsand excessive water production, which can increase the risk of formationcollapse. Therefore, considering both safety and economic efficiency,this study established a numerical model based on geological datafrom the SH7 site in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea and designedmultiple depressurization strategies. The dynamic gas production behaviorunder both single-stage and staged depressurization schemes over a1000 day period was investigated. The depressurization amplitude coefficient(CDA) and the depressurization returnratio (RDR) are introduced to quantifythe trade-off between production efficiency and depressurization risks.The results indicate that although a larger depressurization in single-stagedepressurization enhances early gas production and improves the gas-to-waterratio, it also results in higher water production and reduced long-termrecovery. When the initial depressurization and production timingare properly configured, the staged depressurization strategy caneffectively stimulate reservoir potential, increasing cumulative gasproduction by approximately 18.6% compared with conventional single-stagedepressurization. Furthermore, staged strategies achieve higher gasproduction rates while maintaining a lower CDA, demonstrating a favorable balance between economic benefitand operational safety.","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"40 39","pages":"21699–21711"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149078216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0