Energy & Fuels最新文献

{"title":"Fracture Initiation and Slurry Diffusion in Marine Hydrate Reservoirs during Dual-Enhanced Stimulation","authors":"Yun Qi,&nbsp;Youhong Sun,&nbsp;Bing Li,&nbsp;Xilong Liu and Guobiao Zhang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0024110.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00241https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00241","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dual-enhanced stimulation is an innovative technology aimed at enhancing the permeability and strength of marine hydrate reservoirs by injecting and solidifying a dual-enhanced slurry, forming high-permeability slurry veins for gas and water flow, which is essential for commercial hydrate extraction. This study investigates the mechanisms behind fracture initiation and slurry diffusion in marine hydrate reservoirs during the dual-enhanced stimulation process with the goal of improving stimulation effectiveness. The results show that slurry veins diffused rapidly in the early stage, eventually forming a shuttle shape with a thicker middle section and thinner sides. As hydrate saturation increased, sediment particle cementation strengthened, reducing the slurry filtration. This required higher pressure for fracture initiation but also extended the diffusion distance and the area of the slurry veins. Increasing the injection angle created a complex, uneven stress field near the wellbore, making fracture initiation more challenging. The maximum diffusion distance was achieved at a 30° injection angle, although the slurry vein shape became irregular. Higher injection rates improved slurry diffusion, and at 500 L/min, the diffusion radius reached 10 m and covered nearly 240 m², demonstrating significant improvement in the stimulation effect. The sensitivity analysis indicates that the injection angle had the greatest influence on the initiation pressure, while changes in hydrate saturation had minimal impact. Injection rate was the key influencing factor to the diffusion radius; however, it is essential to determine the optimal point to achieve the appropriate diffusion radius. These findings offer practical insights for applying dual-enhanced stimulation technology in marine hydrate reservoirs and will guide future engineering efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"6849–6864 6849–6864"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogas-Dioxolane-Mixed Hydrates: Evaluation of Kinetic Performance Coupled with Separation Study","authors":"Amit Singh,&nbsp;Chandrajit Balomajumder and Hari Prakash Veluswamy*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0058310.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00583https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00583","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Biogas separation can provide quality CH₄ gas which can be used as a fuel alongside CO₂ capture and sequestration. Hydrate-based gas separation can be a potential technology for effective separation of biogas owing to its compact storage, environmentally benign nature, safe and a simplified process with no chemical reactions involved. This study investigates the effect of 1,3 dioxolane (DIOX) on the kinetics and separation of 50–50 mol % CO₂–CH₄ (biogas) mixture using DIOX concentrations of 1, 3, and 5.56 mol % and presents morphological observations during hydrate formation/dissociation. Addition of bioadditives (<span>l</span>-methionine and <span>l</span>-arginine at 0.5 wt % concentration) was also examined particularly with the stoichiometric concentration (5.56 mol %) of DIOX. Experimental results showed the kinetic promotion effect in terms of rate of hydrate formation, <i>t</i>₉₀, and final gas uptake was enhanced with the increasing concentration of DIOX. The highest gas uptake of 49.88 ± 0.75 mmol/mol was obtained using 5.56 mol % DIOX + 0.5 wt % <span>l</span>-methionine with the shortest <i>t</i>₉₀ of 45.4 ± 1.83 min. Kinetic promotion ability of DIOX was found to increase with the increasing concentration of DIOX for the 50–50 mol % CO₂–CH₄ biogas mixture. A dissociation study showed a decrease in rate of normalized moles of gas release on increasing concentration of DIOX from 1 to 5.56 mol %. On adding additives, dissociation rate increased for 0.5 wt % <span>l</span>-methionine and it was observed to be the highest for 0.5 wt % <span>l</span>-arginine; thus, the kinetic additives have a strong influence on hydrate dissociation despite their effect in enhancing the formation kinetics, gas recovery, and the separation factor. Based on the observations, it was inferred that for the separation of equimolar biogas mixture, nonstoichiometric concentrations (&lt;5.56 mol %) are preferred rather than stoichiometric concentrations of DIOX.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"6915–6929 6915–6929"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavior of Ashes and Inorganic Trace Elements During Combustion of Fuel Mixtures with Up to 100% Biomass","authors":"Patrick Schuster*,&nbsp;Elena Yazhenskikh and Michael Müller,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c0562810.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05628https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05628","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The cofiring of coals with biomasses is already a common practice, largely due to the German government’s decision to phase out coal use. For example, biomasses in the form of wood pellets are being employed to replace coal firing and cocombustion. In order to understand the mechanisms and subsequently counteract the increased deposit formation and corrosion caused by the increased concentrations of alkali, S, and HCl, two different coals, two woody biomasses, one sludge, and their mixtures have been comprehensively investigated regarding their release and ash behavior under simulated combustion conditions. The substances released during combustion at temperatures of 800 and 1200 °C were quantified in situ using molecular beam mass spectrometry (MBMS). Additionally, solid- and gas-phase interactions were calculated using FactSage with the GTKT and SGPS databases. The results of the calculations and the XRD data of the fuels and ashes were employed to facilitate the analysis of the complex matrix and the released compounds. The main released fraction in all experiments was SO_<i>x</i> and the hydrogen chloride (HCl) compounds. The distinction between the two temperatures is illustrated by the alkali elements released. These were predominantly released at the higher temperature from the biomasses. Additionally, MCl⁺ [M = Na, K] were identified, but M₂SO₄⁺ [M = Na, K] could not be detected. The effect of sewage sludge on the mixtures is dependent upon the distribution and ash content of the fuel as this influences the slagging temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"6981–6990 6981–6990"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c05628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triaxial Shearing Characteristics of Hydrate-Bearing Silty-Clayey Sediments under Deviatoric Consolidation","authors":"Chaozheng Ma,&nbsp;Chenyi Zhang,&nbsp;Tingting Luo*,&nbsp;Aowang Wang,&nbsp;Chuanhe Ma,&nbsp;Yongchen Song and Weihao Yang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0060710.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00607https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00607","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The stress differences between the overburden weight and horizontal soil pressure result in the reservoir of the South China Sea being subjected to various stress states. Understanding the mechanical responses of hydrate-bearing silty-clay sediments under varying consolidation states, particularly under typical deviatoric consolidation conditions, is essential for the sustainable and safe extraction of hydrates. Hydrate-bearing silty-clayey sediments were prepared under varying consolidation states using isotropic or deviatoric consolidation methods, and their mechanical behaviors were analyzed through triaxial shearing tests. The results indicate that hydrate saturation affects the inflection point of strain hardening curves in deviatoric consolidation sediments. The sediment failure strength demonstrates a positive linear correlation with hydrate saturation, consolidation stress ratio, and effective confining pressure. Sediments subjected to deviatoric consolidation exhibit stronger cohesion; however, the deviatoric consolidation method does not alter the effect of hydrate saturation on sediment cohesion and the internal friction angle. The consolidation stress ratio and effective confining pressure influence the volumetric deformation of sediments through competing effects of compaction-induced reduction in residual compressibility and particle breakage-induced filling of pores by smaller particles. The effect of hydrate saturation on sediment volumetric strain is jointly influenced by variations in pore space, shearing dilation trend, and effective stress. The strength and deformation characteristics of hydrate-bearing silty-clayey sediments under deviatoric consolidation conditions are investigated in this study, with the objective of providing theoretical support for hydrate extraction in the South China Sea.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"6865–6880 6865–6880"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Na0.67Li0.05Ni0.28Mn0.67O2 Cathode with Synergistic Engineering of Li-Doping and Mn-Precursor for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Xiongfeng Lin,&nbsp;Junjun Zhang*,&nbsp;Daxian Cao,&nbsp;Hangcheng Yang,&nbsp;Weizhou Chai,&nbsp;Shuoyu Wang,&nbsp;Yu Chen and Hongkang Wang*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0056410.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00564https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00564","url":null,"abstract":"<p >P2-type transition-metal oxides as promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) possess unique layered structures and superior electrochemical properties, but suffer from the kinetic retardation and structural instability caused by problems such as Na⁺/vacancy ordering, Jahn–Teller distortion, and irreversible P2–O2 phase transition. Herein, we report the fabrication of a P2-type Na_0.67Li_0.05Ni_0.28Mn_0.67O₂ cathode material via a simple solid-state method, using micro-octahedral Mn₂O₃ as Mn-precursor with simultaneous Li-doping. The combined adoptions of micro-octahedral Mn₂O₃ precursors and Li-doping effectively enhance the structural stability of the Na_0.67Li_0.05Ni_0.28Mn_0.67O₂ cathode by inhibiting the Jahn–Teller distortion and suppressing the phase transition of P2–O2 and increase the electronic conductivity and ion diffusion coefficient during charging and discharging processes. Consequently, the as-fabricated Na_0.67Li_0.05Ni_0.28Mn_0.67O₂ cathode demonstrates superior sodium storage performance, delivering a reversible capacity of 144.6 mAh g^–1 at 0.1C with 91.8% capacity retention after 50 cycles and sustaining 82.6% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 5C. This research offers a viable approach for creating high-performance P2-type cathodes for advanced SIBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"7110–7118 7110–7118"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interfacial Layer Design Strategy Inspired by the Fluid Mosaic Model for Enhancing Zinc Anode Stability","authors":"Jie Liu,&nbsp;Peng Wang*,&nbsp;Zinan Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Yang,&nbsp;Jihao Ye,&nbsp;Xuze Tang,&nbsp;Tianxu Ji,&nbsp;Wei Duan,&nbsp;Ying Yue,&nbsp;Yunpeng Liu and Yang Ju,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0015710.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00157https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00157","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The growth of zinc dendrites and side reactions such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) significantly impede the practical implementation of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). To overcome these obstacles, a strategy for interfacial layer design inspired by the fluid mosaic model is proposed. Sodium decane-1-sulfonate (C₁₀SO), an anionic surfactant with a suitable carbon chain length, is introduced to replicate the dynamic behavior of phospholipid molecules, resulting in the formation of a stable interfacial layer that enhances the cycling stability of the electrode/electrolyte interface. Theoretical calculations and experimental analyses indicate that the SO₃^– headgroup of C₁₀SO preferentially adsorbs onto the zinc anode surface, while the carbon chain tail aligns in an orderly manner due to van der Waals forces and hydrophobic interactions. The combined interaction between the zinc-affinitive headgroup and the hydrophobic tail facilitates the spontaneous formation of a stable interfacial layer. This layer effectively prevents water molecules from directly contacting the zinc anode and provides pathways for Zn²⁺ migration, thereby improving the zinc deposition behavior. Experimental results reveal that a Zn||Zn symmetric cell incorporating C₁₀SO achieved a cycling life of 3800 h at a current density of 1 mA cm^–2. Additionally, the Zn||AlVO-NMP full cell demonstrated a capacity retention of 70.3% after 5000 cycles at 5 A g^–1. These findings confirm the significant impact of this interfacial design strategy on zinc anode stability and present a novel approach for the selection and optimization of electrolyte additives.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"7092–7103 7092–7103"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyvinyldialkylamine Oxides─A Powerful Class of Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors","authors":"Malcolm A. Kelland*,&nbsp;Julie Kiær and Ajla Salihovic,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0093210.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00932https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00932","url":null,"abstract":"<p >One of the chemical methods to prevent gas hydrate formation in oil and gas operations is the deployment of kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs). During the past decade, polyamine oxides have been shown to be powerful KHIs. Here, we present the first study on polyvinyldialkylamine oxides as KHIs. First, Structure II tetrahydrofuran hydrate crystal growth inhibition was observed to be the most powerful when the alkyl group in the polymer was <i>n</i>-butyl (PVBu₂AO). High-pressure tests in steel rocking cells were carried out, with both methane and a synthetic natural gas (SNG) mixture. Slow constant cooling and isothermal testing were used. The butylated polymer was also the best in the gas hydrate experiments, with the lowest molecular weight polymer, PVBu₂AO-LMw (Mw ca. 20,000 g/mol), giving the best results. It performed better than poly(<i>N</i>-vinyl caprolactam) (PVCap) with both gases and with both test methods, even though PVCap had a lower and more optimized molecular weight of about 4000 g/mol. The high flash point solvent, <i>n</i>-butyl glycol ether (<i>n</i>BGE), was shown to be an excellent synergist. For example, in isothermal tests with SNG using 5000 ppm of PVBu₂AO-LMw and 5000 ppm of <i>n</i>BGE, hydrate formation onset was delayed about 1.5 days at 70 bar and 13.1 °C subcooling. The same blend using 101 bar of methane at 8.1 °C subcooling gave no hydrates in 18 h, but hydrates did form after ca. 12–18 h at 10.9 °C subcooling. In summary, polyvinyldialkylamine oxides were shown to be a powerful new class of KHI polymers which could probably be further optimized for even higher performance, for example, at lower molecular weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"6812–6820 6812–6820"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen Vacancy Engineering in Cu-Doped Ruddlesden–Popper Oxides for Reversible Solid Oxide Cells","authors":"Ping Li,&nbsp;Qiyu Yang,&nbsp;Haiqing Wu,&nbsp;Jiaxing Shang,&nbsp;Fei Yan*,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Tong*,&nbsp;Tian Gan* and Ligang Wang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0042210.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00422https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00422","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The Ruddlesden–Popper (R–P) structured oxides, PrSrFeO₄ (PSF), PrSrFe_0.9Cu_0.1O₄ (PSFCu1), and PrSrFe_0.8Cu_0.2O₄ (PSFCu2), have been successfully synthesized and employed as semiconductors in reversible solid oxide cells (R-SOCs). Following an H₂ reduction treatment at 700 °C, <i>in situ</i> precipitation of Fe or Fe–Cu alloy occurs on the surface of these materials, concurrently inducing a phase transformation. Both Cu doping and the reduction process enhance the concentration of oxygen vacancies, ultimately enhancing oxygen mobility. It shows that the single cell utilizing PSFCu2 as the semiconductor demonstrates superior performance in both solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) modes, with H₂-30%H₂O and O₂ serving as the fuel and oxidant, respectively. Furthermore, the Nyquist plots obtained from equivalent symmetrical cells indicate that PSFCu2 exhibits the most favorable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity, with the rate-determining step (RDS) being the reduction of oxygen atoms to the oxygen atoms to O^–. Conversely, in the case of the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), the reduced PSFCu2 displays the best performance, with H₂ adsorption and dissociation identified as the RDS for this process.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"7047–7056 7047–7056"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient Hydrogen Production by Algae Pyrolysis in Molten Salts: Kinetic Analysis Based on the Reducing Charge Demand Method","authors":"Jun Li,&nbsp;Boyang Wu,&nbsp;Chengmin Sheng,&nbsp;Tianji Liu,&nbsp;Wenxuan Cao,&nbsp;Dian Zhong,&nbsp;Xin Chen,&nbsp;Kuo Zeng* and Haiping Yang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0099710.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00997https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00997","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The kinetic analysis of thermochemical conversion of carbonaceous materials in molten salts is difficult due to the difficulty in obtaining the weight loss characteristics of the feedstock. The novel reducing charge demand (RCD) method is proposed to solve the challenges of molten salt transformation and gas absorption that affect the feasibility and accuracy of traditional analysis methods. The pyrolysis characteristics of algae with different pellet sizes in alkaline molten salts are investigated, and the related kinetic mechanisms are revealed by combining the RCD method and the temperature distribution inside the pellets. Results show that the higher temperature for smaller pellets slightly increases the hydrogen yield/purity. At 750 °C, the hydrogen yield reaches 72.44 mmol/g with carbon capture efficiencies of 69–73%. The pyrolysis starts with algae catalytic pyrolysis (random scission model) and then begins to be dominated by char alkalization (second-order model) at conversion efficiencies of 50–60%. The average activation energy of both stages is reduced by the molten salts to 31.88–35.61 and 56.60–59.69 kJ·mol^–1. This study provides a powerful method to explore the kinetic mechanism related to the molten salt system and guide the optimization of the hydrogen production technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"6881–6891 6881–6891"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sooting Tendency of a Series of Kerosene Surrogates and Blends Containing Various Additives Considered as Sustainable Alternative Fuels","authors":"Carl Rainville,&nbsp;Romain Lemaire*,&nbsp;Simon Laflamme,&nbsp;Ibrahima Souno and Patrice Seers,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c0038510.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00385https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00385","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The present work aims at analyzing the sooting tendency of 32 additives considered as potential alternative transportation fuels including 4 C₂–C₅ alcohols, 4 C₇–C₁₀ esters, 16 C₄–C₇ furans, 6 C₁₀ terpenes, and 2 pyrolysis oils (POs), some of which have seldom (if ever) been studied in the literature. The sooting propensity of each additive, following its mixture with a kerosene surrogate, was characterized using the oxygen extended sooting index (OESI), which is based on the measurement of the smoke point (SP), before being converted into unified index (UI) values for modeling purposes. To that end, a benchmarking analysis of the SP measurement approaches commonly used in the literature was first conducted. The SP of a series of reference fuels from the ASTM D1322 standard were measured using different methods to compare their precision, repeatability, and ease of use. This led to identifying the so-called vision-based algorithm-aided procedure as being the best suited. This method was then selected to test the ability of 8 model fuels to emulate the sooting propensity of a commercial Jet-A. Based on the results obtained, an <i>n</i>-dodecane/isocetane/mesitylene/<i>n</i>-propylbenzene blend was chosen to be mixed with up to 40 vol % of additives. The measured UI showed that each tested fuel, except for one terpene (myrcene), soots less than the kerosene surrogate. Their soot-suppressing effect was found to decrease in the following order: alcohols &gt; esters &gt; furans &gt; terpenes. Measured data, moreover, allowed extending the predictive capability of a group contribution model (GCM) recently developed through the proposal of dedicated submodels integrating 15 sooting propensity factors suitable for predicting the tendency to soot of furans and terpenes. While satisfactorily simulating measured data, the GCM proved to be valuable for identifying the chemical structures influencing soot production. Finally, although POs exhibit low UI, their high water content, among other things, removes them from consideration as attractive additives.</p>","PeriodicalId":35,"journal":{"name":"Energy & Fuels","volume":"39 14","pages":"6991–7011 6991–7011"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5c00385","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143806666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}