中华病理学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[PRRX1-rearranged fibroblastic tumor: report of a case].","authors":"T T Zhang, B Y Liu, Z Y Wang, X Q Sun, Y B Su, Y Ding","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20240917-00614","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20240917-00614","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"652-654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pathological classification of arteriovenous malformations based on morphological characteristics].","authors":"M Li, K Wang, Z S Wang, Y Z Ding, M H Zheng, S S Cheng, L Xiao, C Lu, Q Y Liu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20240928-00646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20240928-00646","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"646-648"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Chinese expert consensus for molecular pathological diagnosis of gliomas (2025 version)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250212-00090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250212-00090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"580-592"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Diagnostic characteristics of gastric and duodenal eosinophilic gastroenteritis].","authors":"X Y Li, X X Mao, K W Li, J Li, W X Zhou","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250207-00078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250207-00078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the diagnostic features of eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) of the stomach and duodenum. <b>Methods:</b> A case-control study was conducted to retrospectively analyze 238 biopsy specimens of gastric and duodenal EGE (75 cases) and 133 biopsy specimens of chronic active gastroenteritis (97 cases) in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China from 2012 to 2023. The eosinophil count, infiltration site and other pathological features (e.g., infiltration of neutrophils into the epithelium, edema, and increase of background lymphocytes and plasma cells) were examined under a microscope. Chi-square test, chi-square multiple comparison (<i>Bonferroni</i> method) and modified <i>Poisson</i> regression were used to analyze the data. <b>Results:</b> The results showed that there were significant differences in eosinophil count (<i>χ</i>²=43.926, <i>P</i><0.01), location (<i>χ</i>²=31.391, <i>P</i><0.01), neutrophilic infiltration of the epithelium (<i>χ</i>²=5.199, <i>P</i>=0.023), edema (<i>χ</i>²=3.934, <i>P</i>=0.047), and lymphoplasmacytosis (<i>χ</i>²=36.813, <i>P</i><0.01) between the EGE and control cases. The results of Chi-square multiple comparisons showed that eosinophils distributed in clusters or sheets (versus other grades of eosinophil presence) were statistically associated with EGE. When eosinophils infiltrated the epithelium (versus eosinophils in other locations of the mucosa), there was a statistically significant association with EGE. Modified <i>Poisson</i> regression also showed that EGE was more likely to have eosinophilic infiltration of epithelium [<i>RR</i>=1.661,<i>P</i>=0.001,95%<i>CI</i> (1.397,1.973)] and that of muscularis mucosa [<i>RR</i>=1.818,<i>P</i><0.01,95%<i>CI</i> (1.491,2.216)]. <b>Conclusions:</b> The important pathological features for diagnosing EGE of the stomach and duodenum are that eosinophils are clustered or distributed in sheets with epithelial infiltration. However, epithelial infiltration by neutrophils, edema and background lymphoplasmacytosis are relatively rare.</p>","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"640-645"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Update of molecular pathology in cartilage tumors].","authors":"Y L Luo, L K Zhang, Z Y Liu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250205-00071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250205-00071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cartilage tumors are a group of mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by tumor cells that produce cartilage matrix.The molecular pathology of cartilage tumors, as outlined in the 5th edition WHO classification, has been significantly updated.Key updates include: isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 mutations in enchondoma and chondrosarcoma, H3F3B mutations in chondroblastoma, NCOA2 rearrangements in mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, and GRM1 gene fusion and promoter replacement are associated with chondromyxoid fibroma, etc.Since these molecular abnormalities serve as specific diagnostic and differential diagnostic markers, this article focuses on recent advances in the molecular characterization of cartilage tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"562-567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ELOC-mutated renal cell carcinoma: from tumor genesis to clinical implications].","authors":"Y K Wu, Y Liu, X Q Yang, C F Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241011-00667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241011-00667","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"664-668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The application of fixed adipose tissue in fat staining].","authors":"Z T Zhang, W Ding","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241124-00780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241124-00780","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"649-651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical and cytological characteristics of primary thyroid lymphoma: a fine needle aspiration study of 10 cases].","authors":"L Chen, Z Y Liu, J S Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250123-00058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250123-00058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To evaluate the cytological features of primary thyroid lymphoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA), using histology as the gold standard. <b>Methods:</b> FNA samples from the 10 cases of primary thyroid lymphoma diagnosed between October 2016 and November 2024 at the Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital were analyzed. Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed. The smears, cell block slides, immunochemical and histological findings were examined. <b>Results:</b> Among the 10 patients, there were 2 males and 8 females. The median age was 72 (range, 70 to 76) years. Six patients showed rapid enlargement of new or existing tumors within a short period of time (1-2 months). The median diameter of the lesions was 5.0 (range, 4.5 to 5.3) cm. Thyroid FNA samples showed diffuse dysplastic lymphocytoid cells. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was composed of highly consistent and dysplastic lymphocytoid cells with significant nuclear enlargement, obvious nucleoli, frequent mitoses and karyorrhexis, while indolent lymphomas were composed of mixed and mild atypical lymphocytoid cells with various cell sizes, small nucleoli, infrequent mitosis and karyorrhexis. A small number of thyroid follicular cells with eosinophilic alteration were also present. Immunochemistry on smear indicated a predominant B-cell population with Ki-67 index of 5% to 90%. All patients underwent core needle biopsy or resection except one case that only had cell block preparation. The final pathological diagnoses included 5 cases of DLBCL, 3 cases of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa associated lymphoid tissue, 1 case of follicular lymphoma (grade 3b) with transformation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and 1 case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma with concurrent thyroid papillary carcinoma. Six patients had concurrent Hashimoto's thyroiditis. <b>Conclusions:</b> Primary thyroid lymphoma is rare, almost all of them are B-cell origin, and it often presents with rapid enlargement of neck masses. Aggressive lymphoma has prominent cell atypia and can be diagnosed by FNA. For indolent lymphoma, although the cell atypia is mild, there are still cytological characteristics of lymphoma. Therefore, FNA can be used to diagnose hematopoietic and lymphoid malignancies when combined with thyroid diffuse lesion on imaging and the clinical history of rapid growth in a short period of time. An accurate classification generally requires biopsy and molecular clonality examination.</p>","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"618-625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Detection of MYOD1-mutation of rhabdomyosarcoma and its clinicopathological characteristics].","authors":"M Zhang, X F Yao, N Zhang, J T Xu, C Jia, X X Guan, X Ni, L J He","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20240919-00616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20240919-00616","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To investigate a new method for rapid detection of the MYOD1 L122R mutation and to analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of mutation-positive rhabdomyosarcoma. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; A MYOD1 mutation detection kit was developed using allele-specific Taqman fluorescence probe technology. A total of 80 rhabdomyosarcoma samples diagnosed at Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2022 to June 2023 were collected for testing. The detection sensitivity, specificity, and consistency rate of the kit were compared with those of the gold standard Sanger sequencing. The demographic, histopathological, and molecular genetic characteristics of patients with MYOD1 mutations were analyzed. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; Among the 80 rhabdomyosarcoma cases, there were 46 males and 34 females, with an age of onset ranging from 0 to 16 years [mean (6.0±4.4) years], including 32 embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, 18 alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and 30 spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma. The new kit screened a total of 11 mutations, of which 10 were spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma and one was embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Patients with MYOD1 mutations were typically older (four cases over 10 years old) but could also occur in young children (the youngest being 3-year and 2-month-old). The primary sites were the head and neck region in eight cases, limbs in two cases, and pelvic cavity in one case. Among the six patients with available staging information at initial diagnosis, one was classified as stage 2 and five were stage 3, all of which were intermediate risk. Among the 11 mutation patients, six had recurrence and metastasis, with three deaths; the remaining patients had not shown tumor progression until last follow-up. Compared with the wild type group, the expression level of MYOD1 in mutation patients increased significantly (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=10.66, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.01), while the event-free survival rate (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=9.925, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.01) and overall survival (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;=4.53, &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.03) rate decreased. Compared with Sanger sequencing, the kit achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity. The kit had a minimum mutation content detection limit of 2% and the reaction could be finished within 2 hours. Additionally, this kit might also be used to detect the expression of MYOD1, thereby aiding the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; The study has established a new method for accurate and rapid detection of MYOD1 mutation in rhabdomyosarcoma, particularly suitable for the formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples in clinical settings. MYOD1 mutations more likely occur in spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck region in children. Patients with MYOD1 mutations have an extremely poor prognosis, which is independent of clinical staging and grading. MYOD1 mutation detection in rhabdomyosarcoma has significant value for auxiliary diagnosis and prognostic assessmen","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"604-611"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinicopathological analysis of intraosseous hibernoma].","authors":"J Huang, J Chen, Z Y Liu, H Z Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250122-00049","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250122-00049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the clinical, radiological and histological features of intraosseous hibernoma. <b>Methods:</b> Two cases of intraosseous hibernoma diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, the Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from 2020 to 2023 were analyzed. Related literature was also reviewed. <b>Results:</b> One case was a 44-year-old female with abnormal signals in the proximal right femur revealed by MRI, who underwent curettage of the lesion. The other case was a 41-year-old female with an occupying lesion in the second sacral vertebrae revealed by CT and MRI, who underwent CT-guided biopsy. Microscopically, both tumors were composed of large polygonal cells, with finely vacuolated cytoplasm and distinct cell membranes and variably admixed mature adipose cells or hematopoietic components within the stroma. Nuclei were small, centrally or paracentrally situated and displayed prominent scalloping. Nuclear atypia was absent. A relatively clear tumor boundary could be observed in one case. Immunohistochemical staining showed that tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein, while negative for keratin, CD68, H3F3A, and Brachyury. <b>Conclusions:</b> Intraosseous hibernoma is extremely rare and tends to affect middle-aged and elderly patients. It most frequently occurs in the spine and pelvis. It needs to be differentiated from metastatic cancer, Erdheim-Chester disease, intraosseous lipoma with necrosis, and benign notochordal cell tumor. Increasing awareness of it helps to avoid missed diagnoses or excessive treatment due to misdiagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 6","pages":"599-603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}