中华病理学杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Perinephric myxoid pseudotumor of fat: a clinicopathological study of five cases].","authors":"P Zhang, T S Ma, M Zhao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250114-00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250114-00031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, as well as diagnostic and differential diagnostic criteria of perinephric myxoid pseudotumor of fat (PMPF). <b>Methods:</b> Five cases of PMPF were retrospectively collected from the departmental files of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (4 cases) and Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center (1 cases) from January 2020 to December 2023, the clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical characteristics were analyzed. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) was utilized to detect the amplification status of MDM2 and the rearrangement status of DDIT3. <b>Results:</b> There were 3 male and 2 female patients, with a median age of 57(44,70) years (range 33-77). All 5 lesions were related to other diseases of the abdominal or urinary system: 3 were associated with papillary renal cell carcinoma, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, and aggressive fibromatosis of the abdominal cavity; two had a history of previous abdominal surgery (one with nephrolithotomy and the other with radical prostatectomy). Grossly, all 5 cases presented as mass-forming lesions involving the perirenal and/or renal sinus fat, with a median maximum diameter of 6.5 cm (2.6, 12.0), and range 2.2-16.0 cm. All five cases showed similar microscopic appearances: the lesions were ill-circumscribed and consisted of mature adipocytes and bland stellate and spindled stromal cells setting in a prominent fibromyxoid stroma. Occasionally, vesicular pseudolipoblastic stromal cells with cytoplasmic distension by myxoid secretions were present. All the five lesions lacked cells containing bizarre or hyperchromatic nuclei. Mitosis was not found. An arborizing, thin-walled vasculature and rope-like collagen deposition were present. A variably intense mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate was observed in all 5 cases, with lymphoid follicle formation in 3 cases. By immunohistochemistry, the adipocytes expressed S-100 protein while the spindle cells did not in all 5 cases. The spindled cells expressed CD34, p16 and smooth muscle actin in 3/5, 2/5, and 1/5 cases, respectively, with the stains being focally in all the cases; the Ki-67 proliferation index was<2%. The other detected markers were all negative, including CDK4, MDM2, desmin, HMB45, Melan A, NY-ESO-1, ALK, and MUC4. The IgG-positive plasma cells were all less than 5 per high-power field, and IgG4-positive cells were absent in all lesions. The FISH analysis showed negative for MDM2 gene amplification or DDIT3 gene rearrangement. None of the 5 patients showed disease recurrence or progression related to PMPF during a follow-up from 15 to 54 months (mean: 37 months). <b>Conclusions:</b> PMPF is a rare and novel non-neoplastic lesion that is often associated with or secondary to other abdominal or urinary system diseases. It can mimic well-differentiated liposarcoma on both imaging and morphology. Careful histological observation combined with immunohistochemi","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"726-732"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert consensus on postoperative pathological diagnosis of thyroid cancer (version 2025)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250304-00153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250304-00153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"710-717"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[New advances in spread through air spaces of lung cancer].","authors":"Y L Tao, Y C Han","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241213-00848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241213-00848","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"778-783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Detection of lung cancer driver genes by next-generation sequencing: a comparative analysis of plasma and histological/cytological samples].","authors":"S Y Lin, K H Zhang, Y C Zhang, C Y Su, Y F Chen","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241111-00747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241111-00747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To compare the results of plasma samples and histological/cytological samples for detection of lung cancer driver gene by next-generation sequencing (NGS), to provide reference for sampling selection of clinical patients. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective analysis was performed on 220 patients with lung cancer who were admitted to Quanzhou First Hospital in Fujian Province from May 2017 to May 2024, and NGS detection of lung cancer driver gene was performed on both plasma samples and histological/cytological samples. Histological specimens included biopsy or surgical resection of lung cancer, cervical lymph nodes and pleural metastases; the cytological specimen was pleural fluid cell wax block. Specimens were divided into plasma group (experimental group) and matched histological and cytological group (control group). Eight gene variants recommended by the guidelines were EGFR mutation, ALK rearrangement, ROS1 rearrangement, BRAF V600 mutation, RET rearrangement, MET exon 14 jump mutation, KRAS mutation, and NTRK1/2/3 rearrangement. The detection results of the two groups of specimens were compared and analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Among the 220 cases, 183 were adenocarcinoma, 23 were squamous cell carcinoma and 14 were non-small cell lung cancer. There were 4 cases in stage Ⅰ, 3 cases in stage Ⅱ, 24 cases in stage Ⅲ, and 189 cases in stage Ⅳ. In the plasma group, 120 cases were positive, the detection rate was 54.5%; There were 152 positive cases in the control group, the detection rate was 69.1%; the detection rate in the plasma group was lower than that in the control group (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>=6.12, <i>P</i><0.05). The detection rate of plasma in patients with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ was 12.9% (4/31), which was significantly lower than that in stage Ⅳ (61.4%; <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup>=22.10, <i>P</i><0.05). In the early clinical stage (stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ) of 7 cases, 3 cases were positive in the control group, while all were negative in the plasma group. There were 24 stage Ⅲ cases, 8 were positive in the control group and 4 were positive in the plasma group. Among the positive cases in the control group, 34 were negative and 4 were not detected in the matched plasma group. In the plasma positive cases, there were 2 negative cases and 4 partial mutations were not detected in the matched control group. Among these 6 cases, 5 were treated patients, and the mean mutation abundance of corresponding plasma positive genes was 1.5%. There were 110 cases with the same positive result (the same mutation site) and 66 cases with the same negative result, with agreement rate of 80.0% (176/220). The sensitivity and specificity of the plasma group were 75.0% (114/152) and 91.7% (110/120), respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> When NGS is used for lung cancer driver gene detection, the positive rate of plasma samples is lower than that of tissue/cytology samples, but the consistency rate with the latter can reach 80%, and the sensitivity is higher than 70%, which has ","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"755-761"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in the pathology of bone lesions in China over the past ten years: retrospect and prospect].","authors":"Y Ding, H Z Zhang, H Y Shi, H Cheng, A J Han, H Y Zhang, Q X Gong, J Wang, X C Yan","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250321-00199","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250321-00199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, the field of bone tumor pathology in China has made remarkable progress. These achievements are reflected not only in the innovation and standardization of diagnostic techniques, which have significantly improved diagnostic accuracy, but also in the in-depth exploration of tumor pathogenesis and the continuous refinement of treatment protocols. More than one hundred research papers on bone tumor pathology published in the <i>Chinese Journal of Pathology</i> stand as a testament to the relentless efforts and practical contributions of Chinese pathologists in this field. On the occasion of the <i>Chinese Journal of Pathology</i>'s 70th anniversary, we summarize the progress in bone tumor pathology while also looking forward to the future, aiming to promote greater advancements in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"683-688"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert consensus on combined DNA and RNA next-generation sequencing of common driver genes in solid tumors (2025 version)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250409-00255","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250409-00255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"701-709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advance on prognostic risk stratification of no specific molecular profile endometrial carcinoma].","authors":"Z X Song, Y J Zheng, S X Liu, C R Liu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250326-00211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250326-00211","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"784-788"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A rapid and effective melanin-bleaching method for molecular detection of melanoma].","authors":"Y P Zhang, H Wang, X F Li, J L Wan, Y X Zhang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250107-00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250107-00017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To establish a rapid and effective melanin-bleaching method to standardize and improve the molecular pathological analyses of melanoma. <b>Methods:</b> Fifteen cases of melanoma with melanin content exceeding 50% collected at the Precision Pathology Diagnosis Center, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China between 2023 and 2024 were included in the study. These tissue samples were subject to melanin-bleaching treatments using H₂O₂, potassium permanganate (KMnO₄), Tris-HCl or PBS method. The bleaching effects in each group were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Thereafter, the total amount, purity, and integrity of DNA extracted from bleached tissues were analyzed using UV spectrophotometry and Qsep1 Bio-fragment analyzer. Finally, in order to compare the efficiency of DNA amplification, C-KIT and PDGFRA were examined using Sanger sequencing, and BRAF was detected using real-time quantitative PCR. <b>Results:</b> Among the 15 cases, there were seven males and eight females whose median age was 68 (range, 63 to 71) years. Bleached tissue in Tris-HCl group had the highest HE score, which was significantly higher than those in the groups of PBS, H₂O₂, KMnO₄, and control (<i>F</i>=113.3, <i>P</i><0.05). The total DNA amount in the control and Tris-HCl groups was significantly higher than those in the groups of PBS, H₂O₂, and KMnO₄, respectively (<i>F</i>=275, <i>P</i><0.05). Meanwhile, the mean <i>A</i>₂₆₀/<i>A</i>₂₈₀ values of DNA obtained from bleached tissue in Tris-HCl and KMnO₄ were better than that of control, and the mean <i>A</i>₂₆₀/<i>A</i>₂₃₀ values of Tris-HCl and KMnO₄ were higher than that of control, PBS, and H₂O₂. Meanwhile, the proportion of >5 000 bp,>3 000 bp, and >1 000 bp DNA fragments in Tris-HCl was all significantly higher than those in other groups (<i>F</i>=147.9, <i>F</i>=127.9 and <i>F</i>=61.9, respectively, <i>P</i><0.05). C-KIT and PDGFRA genes were both successfully amplified based on DNA obtained from bleached tissue in Tris-HCl group, and the sequencing peaks were clear and free of noticeable noises. Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that Tris-HCl method had lower cycle threshold values than other methods in detecting BRAF gene (<i>F</i>=30.36, <i>P</i><0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Tris-HCl method is a fast and effective melanin-bleaching method for analyzing melanoma, which could remove melanin effectively, confirm high quality of DNA and good integrity of DNA, and improve the amplification efficiency of sequencing for melanoma related genes. This new method may help pathologists with reliable molecular typing and identifying therapeutic targets for melanoma. It may greatly improve clinical management of melanoma patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"741-747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics of KRAS and HER-family gene mutations in ampullary cancer].","authors":"L L Zeng, S F Wu, W X Zhou, Y Y Liu, K M Li, S W Mo, M L Liu, X Zeng","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250326-00210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20250326-00210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the variations and co-alteration of KRAS and HER-family genes in the patients with ampullary carcinoma. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 37 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary ampullary carcinoma specimens, which were collected at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from April 2019 to October 2024 were analyzed for KRAS and HER-family gene mutations using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for HER2 protein expression in HER2 mutation cases and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for further gene status in HER2 IHC 2+cases. <b>Results:</b> In our cohort (22 males, 15 females; 31-82 years old), KRAS gene mutations were detected in 51.4% (19/37) of cases, with G12D being the most frequent abnormality (7/19), followed by G12V (5/19) and Q61R (3/19). Other variants of KRAS gene included G12C, A146T, N116H, and Q61H (each 1/19). In this cohort, 27.0% (10/37) of cases harbored HER-family gene alterations with most frequently in HER2 (6/10) and HER3 genes (missense mutations mainly). Notably, 3 cases (8.1%, 3/37) with coexistence of KRAS and HER-family genes mutations were recognized in our series, including KRAS p.G12D/HER2 p.V842I/HER2 p.V777L (c.2329 G>T)/HER3 p.Asp581Asn, KRAS p.Q61R/HER4 p.D1018H and KRAS p.G12C/HER2 p.R678Q. Additionally, a mutation of HER3 p.V104L (c.310 G>C) was identified in our population. Moreover, 4 novel mutations including HER3 p.V296E, HER3 p.V920L (c.2758 G>T), HER3 p.Asp581Asn, and HER4 p.D1018H were detected. In 6 tumors with HER2 gene changes (16.2%, 6/37), 5 variants with the high proportion of HER2 p.S310Y (3/6) were revealed. A tumor (HER2 IHC 2+) with HER2 p.S310Y presented HER2 gene amplification confirmed by NGS and FISH, and another one (also HER2 IHC 2+) with HER2 p.L755S possessed HER2 gene amplification determined by FISH assay. <b>Conclusion:</b> In ampullary carcinoma, co-alteration of KRAS and HER-family genes is observed, and HER2 gene mutations account for more than half of HER-family gene abnormities, which may be accompanied by gene amplification.</p>","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"762-768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Primary myoepithelioma in stomach with FUS::KLF17 gene fusion: report of a case].","authors":"Y J Ying, L L Wang, X H Ni, Z G Zheng, R B Ying, H J Liu, P P Zhong, J Wang, L Zhu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241203-00811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20241203-00811","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35997,"journal":{"name":"中华病理学杂志","volume":"54 7","pages":"775-777"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}