应用生态学报最新文献

{"title":"Research advances in the mechanisms of nitrogen-phosphorus synergy mediated by root exudates and mycorrhizal networks in cereal-legume intercropping systems.","authors":"Xiao-Qian Yu, Ying-Zhi Gao","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cereal-legume intercropping system achieves efficient utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus through interactions between roots and soil organisms, making it a key practice in sustainable agriculture. We systematically summarized the nitrogen and phosphorus mutual promotion mechanism mediated by root exudates and mycorrhizal networks in the cereal-legume intercropping system, and proposed future research directions. Cereal plants mobilize phosphorus in rhizosphere by secreting organic acids and phosphatases. The released phosphorus is then transferred to the rhizosphere of legumes via the common mycorrhizal network (CMN), alleviating phosphorus limitations, activating energy metabolism, initiating nodule formation, and promoting nitrogen fixation in legumes. Root exudates of cereal plants can directly enhance biological nitrogen fixation in legumes by stimulating the expression of key nodulation genes. The CMN transport nitrogen fixed by legumes to cereal plants in the form of amino acids and other compounds, thereby promoting root development and exudate release in cereal plants, and enhancing phosphorus mobilization capacity. Root exudates and CMN work together to form \"nitrogen-phosphorus synergy\" cycle, significantly enhancing nutrient use efficiency and productivity in cereal-legume intercropping systems. In the future, technologies such as metabolomics, metagenomics, rhizosphere in situ imaging, and artificial intelligence should be integrated to elucidate the multi-interface coupling mechanisms among roots, mycorrhizae, and microorganisms. This will enable the precise prediction and regulation of nitrogen-phosphorus synergy in intercropping systems, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the development of green and smart agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2463-2472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory effect of biological soil crust distribution patterns on the spatial distribution of wind erosion on slopes.","authors":"Yue-Yuan Ma, Hui Sun, Li-Qian Gao, Yun-Ge Zhao","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are key factors influencing soil wind erosion in arid and semi-arid regions. However, the effects of their spatial distribution on the spatial differentiation of surface erosion remain unclear, hindering the understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to wind erosion and the precision prevention and control of wind erosion. We investigated the effects of biocrust distribution patterns (checkerboard, strip, and random) on the spatial distribution of wind erosion through wind tunnel experiments combined with structure from motion (SfM). The results showed that: 1) Compared with bare soil, both wind erosion rates and sediment transport rates decreased on biocrust slopes with random, strip, and checkerboard distribution patterns. Wind erosion rates were significantly reduced by 85.6%, 60.4%, and 57.3%, respectively, while the near-surface (0-6 cm) sediment transport rates decreased by 84.0%, 45.3%, and 34.8%, respectively. 2) The spatial distribution of slope erosion varied significantly across the biocrust distribution patterns. On the random-pattern slope, soil erosion areas were fragmented, mainly distributed around the slope periphery and in narrow pathways separated by biocrust patches. The relatively low erosion intensity and erosion depth mainly ranged from 0 to 2 mm. On the strip-pattern slope, soil erosion and deposition areas were alternately distributed, with erosion continuously occurring within bare-soil patches and erosion depth mostly ranging from 0 to 4 mm. On the checkerboard-pattern slope, erosion was most severe in the upwind region, weaker and discontinuous in the mid-slope region, and mostly distributed at the edges of bare-soil patches, with erosion depth concentrating between 0 and 4 mm. 3) Compared with the bare-soil slope, the average erosion depth on biocrust-covered slopes decreased by 2-4 mm. The proportion of erosion area and erosion volume decreased by 23.4%-39.8% and 54.6%-74.0%, respectively. The deposition area and deposition volume increased by 7.2-10.0 and 8.3-15.4 times, respectively. 4) The deposition capacities of slopes with different biocrust distribution patterns were similar. The random-pattern slope showed weak erosion and the strongest resistance to wind erosion, whereas both the strip- and checkerboard-pattern slopes showed relatively strong erosion and weaker resistance to wind erosion. The distribution pattern of biocrusts could influence the connectivity among bare-soil patches and change the locations where wind erosion occurs and the sediment transport pathways, with consequence on wind erosion intensity.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2215-2221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon and microbial necromass carbon in different vegetation types of the Minjiang estuarine wetland.","authors":"Jia-Hui Lan, Gui-Ping Ye, Lu-Yuan Sun, Ping Yang, Yong-Xin Lin","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coastal wetlands are blue carbon ecosystems with critical importance for global carbon cycling and climate change mitigation. Although vegetation types could regulate soil environments and thereby influence soil orga-nic carbon (SOC) accumulation and stability, the spatial distribution of microbial necromass carbon (MNC) and its relative contribution to SOC under different vegetation types remain poorly understood. We collected soil samples from three depths (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm) from four dominant vegetation types in the Minjiang River estuarine wetland (<i>Phragmites australis</i>, <i>Cyperus malaccensis</i>, <i>Spartina alterniflora</i>, and <i>Kandelia candel</i>), aiming to analyze the vertical distribution of SOC and MNC and elucidate the regulatory mechanisms. Results showed that in the surface layer (0-10 cm), <i>P. australis</i> and <i>C. malaccensis</i> exhibited higher SOC, MNC, bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), and fungal necromass carbon (FNC) contents than <i>K. candel</i> and <i>S. alterniflora</i> soils. Notably, MNC contents in <i>P. australis</i> and <i>C. malaccensis</i> soils reached 4591.54 and 4832.96 mg·kg^-1 respectively, substantially exceeding those in <i>S. alterniflora</i> and <i>K. candel</i> soils. In the 10-20 cm layer, vegetation type did not affect SOC, MNC, and FNC, although BNC in <i>P. australis</i> significantly exceeded that in <i>S. alterniflora</i>. In the 20-30 cm layer, vegetation type did not affect SOC, MNC, BNC, and FNC. Both SOC and MNC contents decreased with increasing depth, while the FNC/BNC ratio increased. Across all vegetation types, the contribution of FNC to SOC (>15%) was significantly higher than that of BNC (<6%). Soil total nitrogen (TN) and pH emerged as the dominant environmental factors regulating MNC content, with MNC being positively correlated with TN and negatively correlated with pH. In summary, different vegetation types regulated the vertical distribution of SOC and MNC by altering soil TN and pH. Among them, <i>P. australis</i> and <i>C. malaccensis</i> wetlands exhibited substantially higher SOC accumulation and MNC content in surface soils, underscoring their importance in enhancing blue carbon sequestration in the Minjiang River estuarine wetland.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2169-2177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial diversity in the soybean rhizosphere and the application potential in Xinjiang, China.","authors":"Xin Wang, Min Hu, Yang Liu, Pei Kuang, Yi-Qing Zhou, Jian-Li Ding, Jie Zhu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the diversity and plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits of culturable rhizosphere bacteria in soybean fields across different planting regions of Xinjiang, we collected rhizosphere soil samples from three representative soybean planting areas along latitudinal gradients (high, middle, and low latitudes). We isolated a total of 81 bacterial strains and purified them from these samples using the dilution spread plate and streak plate methods. Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of the obtained strains were performed based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and evaluated their functional characteristics including nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and potassium release. The results showed that the isolates were phylogenetically classified into 9 genera, 9 families, 6 orders, 5 classes, and 3 phyla, with <i>Sinorhizobium</i> and <i>Microbacterium</i> as the dominant genera. The Shannon diversity index and Pielou evenness index of culturable soybean rhizosphere bacteria in the low-latitude region were 1.56 and 0.97, respectively, both higher than those in the mid-latitude region (0.54 and 0.49) and the high-latitude region (0.90 and 0.82), despite the smaller total number of culturable strains in this region. A total of 57 nitrogen-fixing strains, 1 phosphorus-solubilizing strain and 3 potassium-solubilizing strains were isolated. Among them, 2 beneficial bacteria with multiple PGP functions were identified, namely <i>Acinetobacter</i> sp. strain A11 and <i>Arthrobacter</i> sp. strain BP7. Five potential novel species of the genus <i>Microbacterium</i> were preliminarily identified. In conclusion, our results revealed the diversity, distribution characteristics and application potential of beneficial bacteria in the soybean rhizosphere of Xinjiang, providing core strain resources for the establishment of microbial strain resource libraries in arid regions of Northwest China.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2383-2392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic framework for ecological restoration of degraded grasslands: Theoretical integration, technological combination, and efficiency assessment.","authors":"Hui-Qun Huang, Xiao-Ya Chen, Xi-Yuan Liu, Xiao-Hua Zhu, He-Ping Zeng","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grassland degradation has become a critical constraint on regional ecological functions and the sustainable development of pastoral systems in China. To address key challenges in restoration practices, including fragmented measures, mismatches between technologies and degradation types, and the overemphasis on construction over long-term management, we developed a systematic grassland restoration framework based on systematic restoration theory, integrating the concepts of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) and near-natural restoration. The framework centered on degradation diagnosis and the identification of dominant limiting factor, and integrated key technology configuration, engineering equipment matching, multidimensional benefit evaluation, and feedback optimization into a closed-loop decision-making pathway of \"diagnosis-configuration-evaluation-regulation\". By introducing an \"ecological state assessment-pathway differentiation\" mechanism, the restoration process was transformed from a linear implementation model into a dynamic optimization process, thereby overcoming the infinite-loop limitations of conventional restoration approaches. Restoration effectiveness depended on the precise matching between limiting factors and technology combinations rather than on single techniques or intervention intensity. Multidimensional bene-fit evaluation should be embedded during restoration as a key driver of adaptive management. The proposed framework achieved the systematic integration of restoration theory, technical pathways, efficiency assessment, and mana-gement regulation, providing support for precise decision-making and long-term regulation of grassland restoration under different degradation scenarios in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2424-2440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Component changes of dissolved organic matter during organic materials decomposition and their comple-xation with cadmium.","authors":"Jin-Chao Wang, Meng-Yao Shi, Chen-Yu Wang, Fang-Yu Lian, Tian-Yi Tang, Min-Xia Liu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from organic materials plays a vital role in regulating soil ecological functions and remediating heavy metal contamination. We conducted a 120-day decomposition experiment with three types of organic materials, including composted pig manure, corn stover, and biochar. Using three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), we analyzed the compositional change of DOM during decomposition and its complexation characteristics with Cd. Results showed that the DOM content of all materials decreased over time and stabilized after 28 days. Throughout the experiment, the DOM content of the corn stover treatment remained significantly higher than other two types. The humification index (HIX) of DOM from all materials positively correlated with decomposition time, with the HIX of corn stover, biochar, and composted pig manure being increased by 50.0%, 6.3%, and 24.5% after 120 days, respectively. Biochar DOM was primarily composed of fulvic acid-like (C2, accounting for 24.0%-29.0%) and humic acid-like (C3, accounting for 52.0%-60.0%) components, while composted pig manure and corn stover DOM were dominated by protein-like components (C1, accounting for 47.0%-63.0% and 44.0%-52.0%, respectively) during the first 28 days and shifted to C2 and C3 components thereafter. EEM-PARAFAC and Ryan-Weber model analysis revealed that the complexation capacity of DOM with Cd followed the order: corn stover > composted pig manure > biochar, with C2 components playing a dominant role. At 28 days of incubation, corn stover DOM exhibited the strongest complexation capacity with Cd. In summary, compared to composted pig manure and biochar, corn stover decomposed for 28 days demonstrated potential advantages in remediating Cd-contaminated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2393-2401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil organic carbon stability and its influencing factors during grassland enclosure on the Loess Plateau, China.","authors":"Juan Zhang, Lei Deng, Wen-Long Wang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Taking grasslands with different closure durations (13, 22, 30, and 39 years) on the Loess Plateau as the research subjects, with grazed grasslands serving as the control, we explored the characteristics and regulating factors of changes in SOC mineralization (<i>C</i>_min), temperature sensitivity (<i>Q</i>₁₀), SOC turnover rate (<i>K</i>), and turnover time (<i>T</i>) during grassland enclosure, using the space-for-time substitution method. The results showed that <i>C</i>_min significantly increased with enclosure duration, reaching 2.1 times that of grazed grassland after 39 years of enclosure. <i>Q</i>₁₀ significantly decreased with enclosure duration, falling to 0.9 times that of grazed grassland after 39 years of enclosure. The changes in <i>K</i> and <i>T</i> with enclosure duration were regulated by temperature. At 15 ℃, <i>K</i> significantly increased and <i>T</i> significantly decreased with enclosure duration, reaching 8.8 times and 0.3 times those of grazed grassland, respectively, after 39 years of enclosure. At 25 and 35 ℃, the trends of <i>K</i> and <i>T</i> with enclosure duration were opposite to that observed at 15 ℃. <i>C</i>_min, <i>K</i>, and <i>T</i> were significantly positively correlated with labile SOC fractions and negatively correlated with recalcitrant SOC fractions, whereas the opposite pattern was observed for <i>Q</i>₁₀. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that the key SOC fraction influencing <i>C</i>_min was particulate organic carbon. In contrast, the key SOC fractions influencing <i>K</i> and <i>T</i> were mineral-associated organic carbon (at 15 ℃) and dissolved organic carbon (at 25 and 35 ℃). In conclusion, enclosure promoted SOC mineralization but suppressed <i>Q</i>₁₀, and its effect on SOC turnover shifted from positive to negative as temperature increased. SOC fractions were key regulators of SOC stability, with increased labile SOC fractions directly promoting SOC mineralization and turnover while indirectly suppressing <i>Q</i>₁₀.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2157-2168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scenario simulation of ecosystem service pattern evolution, trade-off and synergy relationships, and service cluster characteristics in Shanghai, China.","authors":"Feng Tian, Yu-Xia Hu, Zhao-Wu Yu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Under the dual pressures of global climate change and rapid urbanization, clarifying the evolution of urban ecosystem service patterns and their trade-off and synergy relationships under multiple scenarios is important for constructing functional zoning and spatial governance frameworks. We used land use data, meteorological data, and soil data of 2020 to simulate four ecosystem services in Shanghai, namely habitat quality, carbon storage, soil conservation, and water conservation, under three shared socioeconomic pathway scenarios (SSP126, representing a low-emission and ecological protection pathway; SSP245, representing a medium-emission and moderate development pathway; and SSP585, representing a high-emission and high-economic-growth pathway) in 2050 using the intPLUS model. Then, we analyzed the evolutionary characteristics, and identified pixel-scale trade-off and synergy relationship and conducted self-organizing map-based service cluster classification. The results showed that Shanghai's ecosystem services in 2020 showed a spatial pattern characterized by higher values in peripheral areas and lower values in the urban center. High-value areas were mainly concentrated in Chongming, western agricultural areas, and peripheral ecological spaces, whereas the central built-up area generally showed lower values. By 2050, ecosystem services under the three scenarios generally continued the spatial pattern of high at the periphery and low in the center. Compared with 2020, the spatial patterns of habitat quality and carbon storage remained generally stable, whereas soil conservation and water conservation were more sensitive to scenario changes. Soil conservation showed increases under SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585, with proportions of 56.7%, 58.8%, and 61.6%, respectively. Water conservation mainly showed decrease under SSP126, with a proportion of 83.1%, but showed increases under SSP245 and SSP585, with proportions of 72.8% and 73.9%, respectively. The trade-off/synergy analysis showed that habitat quality and carbon storage maintained a stable synergistic relationship, while habitat quality generally exhibited trade-off relationships with water conservation and soil conservation. The relationship between water conservation and soil conservation shifted from trade-off dominance under SSP126 to synergy dominance under SSP245 and SSP585. The ecosystem service cluster analysis classified the study area into four functional zones: carbon sink regulation zone, ecological conservation zone, water yield advantage zone, and soil conservation zone, providing a spatial framework for zoning management under future uncertainty. The results would help deepen the understanding of multifunctional coupling and scenario-response mechanisms of ecosystem services in megacities, and provide a scientific basis for ecological spatial optimization and differentiated governance in Shanghai and other high-density cities.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2293-2304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution pattern shift and identification of priority conservation areas for three Cyatheaceae species in China under climate change.","authors":"Ting Ma, Guang-Lei Yang, Zi-Juan Wang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.021","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Climate change is profoundly reshaping the distribution patterns of rare and endangered plants and threatening their persistence. We investigated the impact of climate change on rare and endangered Cyatheaceae plants, including &lt;i&gt;Alsophila spinulosa&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;A. costularis&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Sphaeropteris brunoniana&lt;/i&gt;. We used an optimized MaxEnt model to predict their potential suitable habitat patterns and shifts under the baseline period and future periods (2050 and 2090) across three climate scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP585), and identified priority conservation areas through suitable habitat overlap analysis and long-term stable refugia identification. Results showed reliable model predictions (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve&gt;0.96, true skill statistic&gt;0.81, continuous Boyce index&gt;0.90). Climatic factors were the dominant environmental variables driving the distribution of the three Cyatheaceae species. Compared to the baseline period, the suitable habitat area of &lt;i&gt;A. spinulosa&lt;/i&gt; continued to shrink under future climate change, while both &lt;i&gt;A. costularis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;S. brunoniana&lt;/i&gt; showed general expansion in the mid-term (2050) followed by predominant contraction in the late period (2090), with the most significant changes occurring under the high-emission scenario (SSP585). Under the SSP585 scenario, the suitable habitat area of &lt;i&gt;A. spinulosa&lt;/i&gt; continuously shrank from 154.22×10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; to 97.84×10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; by 2090. The suitable habitat area of &lt;i&gt;A. cos-tularis&lt;/i&gt; first increased from 138.27×10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; to 154.84×10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; by 2050, and then declined to 149.44×10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; by 2090. The suitable habitat area of &lt;i&gt;S. brunoniana&lt;/i&gt; first increased from 92.62×10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; to 220.44×10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; by 2050, and then declined to 47.68×10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; by 2090. The overall distribution patterns of potential suitable habitats for the three Cyatheaceae species under three future climate scenarios were similar to those of the baseline period, concentrated in southwestern and southern China, but all exhibited dynamic change. During the baseline period, the centroids of the suitable habitats of &lt;i&gt;A. spinulosa&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;A. costularis&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;S. brunoniana&lt;/i&gt; were located in Liuzhou, Guangxi, Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou, and Zunyi, Guizhou, respectively. The centroids of the three Cyatheaceae species showed an overall trend of northward expansion under low-emission scenario and contraction toward cooler regions to avoid heat under high-emission scenario, with migration intensity increasing with rising emission. In terms of migration direction, &lt;i&gt;A. spinulosa&lt;/i&gt; migrated southeastward, &lt;i&gt;A. costularis&lt;/i&gt; migrated northwestward, and &lt;i&gt;S. brunoniana&lt;/i&gt; migrated southwestward. Southwestern Yunnan (Xishuangbanna, Pu'er, Lincang) and Hainan constitute","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2257-2270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital soil mapping of soil organic carbon in flat areas based on multi-temporal remote sensing phenological variables.","authors":"Wei-Jie Huang, Jin-Kai Cheng, Yong-Kang Feng, De-Cai Wang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The explanatory power of traditional topographic factors on the spatial variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) is limited due to the small topographic relief in flat areas, which restricts the accuracy in digital soil mapping. Based on data collected from 136 sampling points in Fengqiu County in Henan Province (located in the alluvial plain of the Yellow River) in 2023, we constructed random forest, random forest regression-kriging (RFRK), extreme gradient boosting, and other SOC digital models. Within those models, we introduced environmental variables such as climate and multi-temporal remote sensing image-derived phenological variables, including growth trend parameters such as the peak and mean values of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index, soil-adjusted vegetation index, and normalized difference water index (NDWI) during different crop growth stages. We used the Boruta algorithm to screen environmental covariates. The simulation performance of different models and variable combinations was compared and analyzed using the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²), mean error, root mean square error, and consistency correlation coefficient (CCC) to determine the optimal digital model, and SOC was simulated for the years 2013 and 2023. The results showed that environmental factors related to water conditions (such as Euclidean distance), multi-temporal phenological variables derived from NDWI, and NDVI played dominant roles in SOC digital soil mapping. The RFRK model was the optimal model in terms of overall accuracy (<i>R</i>² of 0.45), consistency (CCC of 64.4%), and spatial continuity. The introduction of multi-temporal phenological variables could effectively improve SOC simulation results in flat areas (<i>R</i>² increased by 0.08, CCC increased by 14.0%). RFRK model simulation results showed that from 2013 to 2023, SOC exhibited an overall increasing trend. There were differences in the magnitude of change across different regions, with the largest increase in the northwest region, reaching 80.6%. In summary, introducing multi-temporal phenological variables in flat areas could improve the accuracy of SOC digital soil mapping and provide a methodological reference for refined mapping of SOC in flat areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 7","pages":"2222-2232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148833185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}