应用生态学报最新文献

{"title":"Effects of establishing mixed <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations on soil phosphorus fractions.","authors":"Jin-Yong Liu, Yu-Xing Xu, Ang-Ang Ming, Zhi-Chao Wang, Run-Xia Huang, Wan-Kuan Zhu, A-Peng DU, Guang-Yu Zhu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.047","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated pure <i>Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis</i> plantations (PP) and their mixtures with <i>Erythrophleum fordii</i> (EE), <i>Dalbergia odorifera</i> (ED), <i>Castanopsis hystrix</i> (EC), and <i>Parashorea chinensis</i> (EP), and studied soil phosphorus (P) fractions, soil physicochemical properties, fine-root traits of the dominant <i>E. urophylla × E. grandis</i>, microbial biomass, and extracellular enzyme activities in the 0-20 cm layer, as well as their interrelationships. We analyzed the mechanisms underlying the effects of mixed plantations of <i>E. urophylla × E. grandis</i> on soil P fractions. The results showed that, compared with PP, EE and EC significantly increased labile P by 77.7% and 28.2%, moderately labile P by 25.4% and 13.4%, respectively. ED significantly increased moderately labile P by 24.2%, whereas EP significantly increased labile P by 44.3%. Furthermore, compared with PP, EE and EC had significantly higher soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, and activities of C- and N-acquiring enzymes. ED significantly increased soil ammonium and nitrate, accompanied by a significant decline in C- and N-acquiring enzyme activities. EP exhibited significant reductions in both soil total nitrogen and the activities of C- and N-acquiring enzymes. Mixed plantations increased acid phosphatase activity by 24.7%-43.5%. Random forest analysis indicated that soil microbial biomass carbon, fine-root P content and root surface area of the dominant <i>E. urophylla × E. grandis</i>, and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase were the primary drivers of labile and moderately labile P. Structural equation modeling indicated that mixed plantations influenced the content and availability of soil P fractions by modulating fine-root traits and soil microbial metabolic traits. Overall, our results indicated that establishing EE and EC mixtures represented particularly effective strategies for improving soil P availability in <i>Eucalyptus</i> plantations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2519-2527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root adaptive strategies of <i>Pinus koraiensis</i> after introducing to the Daxing'an Mountains and the environmental driving factors.","authors":"Wen-Zhi Zhang, Jun-Tong Chen, Li-Xue Yang, Hong-Yun Xing, Jun-Yi Yu, Bo Huang, Hui Dong","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.045","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To reveal root adaptive mechanisms of <i>Pinus koraiensis</i> after being introduced to the Daxing'an Mountains, we used 50-year-old <i>P. koraiensis</i> plantations in the introduction areas (Nanmu and Jiagedaqi) as study objects, with the natural distribution area (Dailing) as the control. We analyzed the regional variation characteristics, resource trade-off strategies, and key environmental driving factors of functional traits of first- to third-order fine roots. The results showed that, compared with the natural distribution area, the third-order root tissue density in the Nanmu decreased significantly by 7.2%, and the specific root area increased significantly by 15.0%. The nitrogen content of first- to third-order roots decreased significantly by 28.6%, 21.3% and 26.4%, respectively. The carbon content of second and third order roots decreased significantly by 4.2% and 4.0%, respectively. The third order root stele diameter decreased significantly by 20.8%; and the cortex thickness of first and third order roots increased significantly by 36.2% and 45.7%, respectively. In the Jiagedaqi, the third-order root diameter and tissue density decreased significantly by 14.8% and 9.0%, respectively; the specific root area increased significantly by 29.4%; the nitrogen content of first- to third-order roots decreased significantly by 32.0%, 27.1% and 28.1%, respectively. The third-order root carbon content decreased significantly by 3.9%. The stele diameter of first- to third-order roots decreased significantly by 30.8%, 33.5% and 22.0%, respectively. The cortex thickness of first and third order roots increased significantly by 39.3% and 27.3%, respectively. There were significant differences between the two introduction areas in certain functional traits. The first- to third-order roots of <i>P. koraiensis</i> exhibited a two-dimensional ecological strategy space, with the resource acquisition-conservation trade-off axis being domi-nant. Roots in the natural distribution area tended toward a resource-conservative strategy, while those in the introduction areas tended toward a resource-acquisitive strategy. The foraging-collaboration axis was secondary, with no difference between the two distribution areas. This differentiation in resource acquisition-conservation trade-off was mainly driven by the dual limitation of soil nutrients and water in the introduction areas, where insufficient resource supply promoted a resource-acquisitive strategy. However, this resource deficiency was mainly manifested in the functional traits of specific root orders rather than the overall root strategy. In conclusion, <i>P. koraiensis</i> could synergistically adjust root functional traits during the introduction process, shifting from a resource-conservative to a resource-acquisitive strategy, thereby adapting to the relatively nutrient- and water-limited environment of the Daxing'an Mountains.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2556-2564"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of urban ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin, China.","authors":"Guang-Yao Deng, Fu-Xiao Han","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.027","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Investigating the characteristics and formation mechanisms of the spatial association network of ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin is of great significance for identifying regional ecological risk transmission pathways and promoting coordinated governance. We constructed an evaluation index system for ecological vulnerability based on the sensitivity-resilience-pressure model, calculated the ecological vulnerability index for the Yellow River Basin from 2013 to 2024 using the entropy method, and employed social network analysis and exponential random graph models to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of the spatial association network of ecological vulnerability. The results showed that ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin exhibited a spatial pattern of low in the west and high in the east. The average connectivity of the ecological vulnerability network was 1, with an average hierarchy of 0.01, indicating a highly connected and flat-structured network. The capi-tals of the related provinces and their surrounding cities demonstrated strong inward attraction and outward radiation within the network. Apart from node attributes such as economic development level and population density significantly facilitating network formation, endogenous structural variables like reciprocity were also significant, indicating that inter-city ecological vulnerability associations were influenced not only by exogenous factors but also by notable endogenous dependencies. Moreover, the network was significantly affected by geographical adjacency and administrative subordination relationships. These findings provide empirical support for formulating regional ecological governance strategies from a network collaboration perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2741-2752"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of urban ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin, China.","authors":"Ya-Ni Huang, Yu-Ying Jia, Wen-Long Shi, Xiao-Zi Wang, Chen-Hao Li, Gui-Yan Yang, Tian Huang, Zheng-Gang Xu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.031","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Microtus fortis</i> prefers to feed on the leaves of <i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i>, which would inhibit its reproduction. We focused on the key gene <i>BpMYB56</i> in <i>B. papyrifera</i> that responds to rodent feeding, constructed <i>BpMYB56</i> overexpressing <i>B. papyrifera</i> (OE1-OE3), and compared their nutritional differences with wild-type <i>B. papyrifera</i> (WT). We evaluated the attractiveness of overexpressing <i>B. papyrifera</i> leaves to the <i>M. fortis</i> and their effects on body weight and organs when mixed with typical rodent sterilants, such as α-chlorohydrin, curcumol, and tripto-lide, at a ratio of 50:1. The results showed that the contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash, soluble sugar, Ca, Fe, P, and total flavonoids in the leaves of overexpressing <i>B. papyrifera</i> were all higher than those in WT. Among the lines, OE3 exhibited the highest content for each component, being 1.2, 1.1, 1.3, 1.1, 1.6, 1.2, 1.1, 1.4, and 1.2 times those of WT, respectively. Except for crude ash, all differences reached a signifi-cant level. The feeding trial results showed that under free-choice conditions, the attraction time of fresh OE3 leaves to female and male <i>M. fortis</i> were 1.9 and 1.8 times those of WT, and the single-attraction time were 1.4 and 1.7 times those of WT, respectively. However, for dried OE3 leaves, there were no significant differences in attraction time, attraction frequency, or single-attraction time compared with dried WT. Among the combinations of OE3 leaves with sterilants, the curcumol+OE3 group exhibited the best attractant effect, which was 3.1 times that of the WT group. None of the different combinations had a significant effect on body weight of <i>M. fortis</i>. Both the testicular index and testicular volume of male <i>M. fortis</i> only in the triptolide+OE3 combination were significantly lower than those in the WT group. Overexpression of <i>BpMYB56</i> influenced the accumulation of nutrients and flavonoids in <i>B. papyrifera</i> leaves, thereby altering their attractiveness to <i>M. fortis</i>, particularly for fresh leaves. However, the attractiveness of the overexpression lines when combined with different types of rodent contraceptives varied, showing drug- and sex-specific effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2782-2792"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stoichiometric characteristics of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus under different postfire regeneration forest types in the Greater Khingan Mountains, China.","authors":"Fang-Yuan Shen, Yu-Xi Yuxi, Xin-Yi Zou, Li-Xue Lixue","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.042","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the responses of soil microbe-mediated carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) across different regeneration forests following severe fire disturbance in cold-temperate region, and to clarify the characteristics of microbial nutrient cycling and resource limitation in post fire soils, we selected five typical forest types (34 years post the Black Dragon Fire in the northern Greater Khingan Mountains): <i>Larix gmelinii</i> plantation, <i>L. gmelinii</i> and <i>Betula platyphylla</i> mixed plantation, <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> plantation, <i>P. sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> and <i>B. platyphylla</i> mixed plantation, naturally regenerated forest of <i>L. gmelinii</i>. We measured soil microbial biomass C (MBC), N (MBN), and P (MBP) contents, and analyzed their stoichiometric ratios, microbial quotients, and soil-microbe stoichiometric imbalances. The results showed that there were significant differences in soil microbial biomass and stoichiometric ratios among the five forest types. Naturally regenerated forest of <i>L. gmelinii</i> had the lowest soil MBC (455.79 mg·kg^-1) and MBN (25.93 mg·kg^-1) contents, while the <i>P. sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> plantation had the lowest soil MBP content (9.81 mg·kg^-1). The naturally regenerated forest of <i>L. gmelinii</i> exhibited the highest MBC:MBN (17.77) and the lowest MBC:MBP (28.11) and MBN:MBP (1.59). Across all postfire regeneration stands, soil MBC:MBN ranged from 10 to 18, indicating fungi dominated soil microbial community. The MBN:MBP was consistently below 6.9, suggesting that soil metabolism was likely limited by nitrogen. The soil microbial quotients in the monocultures and mixed plantations were generally higher than those in the naturally regenerated forest. The soil microbial quotient of C was significantly higher in <i>P. sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> plantation (monoculture: 2.0%; mixed plantation: 2.3%) than in <i>L. gmelinii</i> stands (monoculture: 1.4%; mixed plantation: 1.1%). The soil-microbe C:N stoichiometric imbalance was greatest in the <i>L. gmelinii</i> plantation (1.87) and smallest in the <i>P. sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> and <i>B. platyphylla</i> mixed plantation (0.77). Both C:P and N:P stoichiometric imbalance were the lowest in the <i>P. sylvestri</i>s var. <i>mongolica</i> plantation (0.80 and 0.72, respectively). For post fire forest management in the Greater Khingan Mountains, we recommended monoculture and mixed plantation regeneration to increase soil microbial biomass and enhance C-N-P turnover potential. Regarding tree species, regenerated forests dominated by <i>P. sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> were beneficial to overall soil resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2499-2508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon flux simulation of southern poplar plantation based on Biome-BGC model.","authors":"Xiang-Yu Li, Meng-Lin Su, Ke Yan, Wei-Feng Wang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.009","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To accurately simulate carbon fluxes of southern poplar plantations, we applied the PEST parameter optimization method to calibrate the ecophysiological parameters in the Biome-BGC model based on eddy covariance flux tower. We simulated the daily gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Re) of the plantation, and identified the sensitive parameters and main meteorological drivers. The results showed that the simulation accuracy of the model for GPP and Re was significantly improved after parameter optimization. The coefficients of determination (<i>R²</i>) for GPP and Re reached 0.74 and 0.63, respectively, which were 27.6% and 31.3% higher than those before optimization. The mean absolute error (MAE) for GPP and Re decreased by 15.6% and 7.5%, and the root mean square error (RMSE) for GPP and Re decreased by 16.9% and 5.9%, respectively. The average GPP and Re simulated by the model over five years were 1.71 and 1.55 kg C·m^-2·a^-1, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that leaf carbon-nitrogen ratio and the canopy light extinction coefficient strongly affected carbon flux simulation, and the fraction of leaf nitrogen in Rubisco and the litter carbon-nitrogen ratio were moderately sensitive parameters. Path analysis showed that air temperature and shortwave radiation flux density were the main meteorological factors driving the increase in GPP on the daily scale. Air temperature, precipitation and shortwave radiation flux density significantly promoted the increase in Re, with the effect of air temperature being the strongest. In summary, the PEST parameter calibration substantially improved Biome-BGC performance for carbon flux simulation in southern poplar plantations. The key sensitive parameters affecting the simulation accuracy were leaf carbon-nitrogen ratio and canopy light extinction coefficient. The key meteorological factor that dominated GPP and Re changes was air temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2684-2692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of urban ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin, China.","authors":"Tian-Hao Wang, Fan-Hua Kong, Hong Hu, Hui-Min Zhao","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.025","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Against the backdrop of built stock renewal and low-carbon transition, we constructed a evaluation framework from the dimensions of \"adequate spatial conditions but insufficient practical actions\" and \"strong willingness with poor implementation feasibility\", which covered built environment and behavioral intention to address the dilemmas in community renewal. Taking 35 communities in the central urban area of Nanjing as objects, a total of 766 valid questionnaire responses were collected. We used the entropy weight-TOPSIS method, the Fogg behavior model, and GIS spatial analysis to quantitatively assess and classify the low-carbon renewal potential of target communities. The results revealed a widespread mismatch between community built environment and low-carbon intention of residents. The low-carbon renewal potential of the community was categorized into four types based on their matching degrees, with significant spatial distribution differences. The collaborative leading type (accounting for 6%) was concentrated in the central downtown and riverside zones. The environment-leading type (37%) was clustered in the central main urban area. The intention-leading type (46%) was mostly located in the peripheral downtown and riverside new towns. The dual-low constrained type (11%) was scattered across outer riverside areas. Targeted differentiated collaborative renewal strategies were proposed accordingly. As a leading demonstration zone, collaborative leading communities should promote deep energy-saving transformation and joint construction and governance. Environment-leading communities should focus on scene micro-scale updates to enhance convenience, stimulate action motivation, and trigger mechanisms. Intention-leading communities should address the shortcomings of facilities and promoting basic renovation for those who are willing to take the lead, combined with participatory discussions to lower the threshold for implementation. Dual-low constrained communities should adopt gradual updates, prioritize improving basic livability and energy-saving conditions, and cultivate low-carbon capabilities. This study could provide scientific decision support for the high-quality green and low-carbon renewal of urban communities across China.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2771-2781"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial correlation network characteristics and influencing factors of urban ecological vulnerability in the Yellow River Basin, China.","authors":"Wen Wu, Xiao-Ya Xu, Peng-Cheng Li, Ming-Yue Li, Chun-Lin Li, Miao Liu","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.022","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cooling and dust retention functions of urban parks are hot topics in the research area of ecosystem services in urban parks. Although the response curves of both functions to park distance are highly coupled and regulated by similar environmental factors, those two functions are often studied separately. Given the lack of high-precision environmental monitoring methods, the following two scientific problems have not been solved. First, whether the dust retention effect of urban parks changes synergistically with the cooling gradient? Second, is there a spatial feedback mechanism among various ecological functions of urban parks? Overall, there is a significant knowledge gap in the field of urban green space research regarding the mechanisms of heat-pollution coupling. In this paper, we sorted out the concepts and influencing factors of cooling and pollution retention effects in urban parks, summarized the available methods and approaches for quantitative research from the dual perspectives of cooling and pollution retention, and synthesized the research progress of coordinated regulation of cooling and dust retention services in urban parks. We suggested to break through the traditional single-factor analysis paradigm, encourage the establishment of multi-functional coupling analysis model of urban green space cooling and dust retention, and systematically explain the spatio-temporal differentiation law of their joint action. It would provide spatial decision support and core scientific basis for exploring the optimization path of park spatial pattern guided by thermal pollution collaborative governance and achieving the paradigm shift of ecological service efficiency from \"passive response\" to \"active regulation\".</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2822-2832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and its responses to soil temperature and rainfall in a typical steppe on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China.","authors":"Tong-Yu Wang, Shi-Yan Zhou, Si-Min Zhang, Bo-Yang Yu, Chang-Ming Zhao, Chao Guan","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.014","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological soil crusts (or biocrusts) exert a critical influence on carbon cycling in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. However, the contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and the mechanisms underlying their environmental responses remain unresolved, hindering accurate quantification of soil carbon efflux in drylands. In this study, we conducted continuous in-situ monitoring of respiration rates, soil temperature, soil moisture, and rainfall of mixed biocrust communities (biocrust-covered soils versus biocrust-removed bare soils) on the Loess Plateau to investigate the contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and their responses to those three factors. The results showed that the range of soil respiration rates was 0.07 to 1.66 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 in biocrust-covered soils and was -0.09 to 1.59 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 in biocrust-removed bare soils, with the former being significantly greater than the latter. The respiratory effect of the biocrust layer (calculated as the difference in respiration rate between biocrust-covered soils and biocrust-removed bare soils) ranged from -0.33 to 0.93 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, with its relative contribution to total soil respiration varying from -31% to 213%. Rainfall modulated both the respiratory effect of biocrust layer and its contribution to soil respiration. The average contribution of biocrust to soil respiration was -6% under rainfall-free conditions and was 27% during rainfall periods. The relative contribution of the biocrust layer to soil respiration was significantly positively correlated with soil moisture and rainfall amount, but negatively correlated with soil temperature. Rainfall explained the largest proportion of variance in biocrust contribution, indicating that rainfall was the primary driver of biocrust effects on soil respiration on the Loess Plateau. These findings could provide critical baseline data to support accurate assessments of biocrust effects on soil respiration in the context of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2578-2584"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of moss biocrusts on soil water infiltration and water flow characteristics in subtropical degraded red soil region.","authors":"Hai-Lin Zhang, Yu-Xin Wang, Sheng-Long Li, Jun Yi, Yuan-Hang Fei, Rui-Si Guo, Qin Liao","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.016","DOIUrl":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.016","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Soil erosion is severe in the red soil hilly region of southern China, where biocrusts widely develop on the surface of degraded and exposed soil, playing a critical role in regional eco-hydrological processes. From July to October 2024, we conducted an experiment with uncrusted degraded red soil and typical moss-crusted degraded red soil at the Ecological Experiment Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in Yujiang District, Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province. To elucidate the differences of soil water movement characteristics between biocrusts and uncrusted soil in degraded red soil regions, we investigated the infiltration processes and water flow types of uncrusted soil and biocrusts (moss crusts) through double-ring infiltration and in-situ dye-tracing experiments. The results showed that moss crusts significantly altered the physicochemical properties of the 0-10 cm depth of soil. Specifically, soil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity of moss crusts was significantly reduced by 9.1% and 176.5%, while organic matter content, clay content, silt content, and surface roughness were 58.2%, 35.3%, 45.0%, and 201.7% higher than that of uncrusted soil, respectively. Compared to uncrusted soil, moss crusts greatly diminished soil infiltration, with initial infiltration rate, steady-state infiltration rate, average infiltration rate, and cumulative infiltration being reduced by 11.8%, 53.3%, 50.0%, and 50.9%, respectively. Moss crusts suppressed infiltration, resulting in a 29.7% reduction in the 0-10 cm stained area ratio and a 57.9% decrease in the stained path width &lt;100 mm in comparison to uncrusted soil. Furthermore, the stained path number of moss crusts was 1.5 times of uncrusted soil. Moreover, the horizontal stained images also revealed that moss-crusted soil exhibited a higher number of water flow paths and a larger equivalent width compared to the uncrusted soil at 0-10 cm depth. The water flow pattern of moss crusts was predominantly exhibited heterogeneous finger flow (concentra-ted at 0-1 cm depth of soil) and highly interacted macropore flow, and without any homogeneous flow. Uncrusted soil exhibited predominantly homogeneous flow in the 0-3 cm depth, heterogeneous finger flow in the 3-8 cm, and highly interacted macropore flow below 8 cm. Results of Mantel test and structural equation modeling revealed that infiltration rate exhibited significant correlations with stained area ratio, surface type, and organic matter content. Especially, surface type (uncrusted soil and moss-crusted soil) exerted a direct and significant effect on soil infiltration and also indirectly influenced stained area ratio and soil infiltration by modifying other soil properties. In conclusion, moss crusts that developed on degraded and exposed red soil surfaces in subtropical regions could significantly alter the basic physicochemical properties and hydraulic parameters of surface soils. It markedly reduced the infiltration rate, sup","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"37 8","pages":"2605-2617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}