应用生态学报最新文献

{"title":"Effects of new-type fertilizers and irrigation regimes on carbon footprint of double-season rice system.","authors":"Bin Wang, Chen Guo, Peng-Hao Wu, Jian-Wei Lu, Tao Ren, Xiao-Kun Li","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To elucidate the responses of yield and carbon footprint of double-season rice production systems to new-type fertilizers and irrigation regimes, we investigated the effects of three new-type fertilizers, viz, controlled-release urea (CRU), nitrapyrin-treated urea (CP), and effective microorganisms (EM) (conventional fertilizer as control), and two irrigation regimes, conventional flooding (W₁) and shallow water irrigation (W₂), on yield, greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of early- and late-season rice by the FAO-CROPWAT 8.0 modeling in combination with field experiments (2020-2021). The results showed that compared to the conventional fertilizer (CK), three new-type fertilizers increased rice yield. The average yield increases for early and late rice under the three fertilizer treatments were 14.2% and 17.1% in 2020, and were 36.7% and 23.1% in 2021. There was no difference in rice yield between W₁ and W₂. Application of new-type fertilizers reduced greenhouse gas emission in the double-season rice system, and the mitigation effect varied between early and late rice seasons. Compared to CK, CH₄ emissions, global warming potential (GWP), and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) under CRU treatment were decreased by 22.2%, 22.9%, and 39.3% in early rice season, that under CP treatment were decreased by 20.7%, 19.3%, and 33.5% in late rice seasons. N₂O emission and GHGI under EM treatment were decreased by 14.7% and 6.2% in early rice seasons. Shallow water irrigation significantly reduced greenhouse gas emission. Compared to the W₁ treatment, CH₄ emission, N₂O emission, GWP, and GHGI under the W₂ treatment were decreased by 21.9%, 42.0%, 24.7%, and 25.9% in early rice season, by 23.4%, 33.6%, 24.0%, and 23.7% in late rice season, respectively. There was a significant interaction effect between new-type fertilizers and irrigation regimes on carbon footprint. Compared to the CK treatment under the W₁ irrigation, the interaction of new-type fertilizers and W₂ irrigation significantly decreased the average value of carbon footprint in early and late rice seasons by 35.9% and 22.0%, respectively. In conclusion, the application of new-type fertilizers significantly increased the yield of double-season rice, while optimizing irrigation regime reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The implementation of appropriate new-type fertilizers under the shallow water irrigation could increase yield and decrease greenhouse gas emissions and the carbon footprint, which would promote clean production and contribute to the sustainable development of double-season rice systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2388-2398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of daily temperature fluctuation on the growth, development, and reproduction of <i>Loxostege sticticalis</i>.","authors":"Zun Xu, Jing-Xian Zhou, Dai-Jing Li, Chang-Ning Lyu, Abulimiti Ailifeila, Gui-Jun Wan, Fa-Jun Chen","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To clarify the effects of daily temperature fluctuation on the growth, development, and reproduction of a migratory agricultural pest, <i>Loxostege sticticalis</i>, we calculated its life-table parameters under a photoperiod of L16:D8 with three daily constant temperatures (22, 25, 28 ℃) and three daily fluctuating temperatures (L25.5 ℃:D15 ℃ with a mean of 22 ℃, Ⅰ; L30 ℃:D15 ℃ with a mean of 25 ℃, Ⅱ; L34.5 ℃:D15 ℃ with a mean of 28 ℃, Ⅲ) by using the theory of two-sex life table. We predicted population dynamics of <i>L. sticticalis</i> in the following 100 days. Compared to daily constant temperatures of 22 ℃ and 25 ℃, the pupal duration of <i>L. sticticalis</i> under fluctuating temperature regimes Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly shortened by 3.0% and 5.5%, while egg production was significantly increased by 31.3% and 31.1%, respectively. Compared to the constant temperature of 22 ℃, fluctuating temperature regime Ⅰ significantly shortened the larval duration by 8.6%, and the population reached its maximum intrinsic rate of increase (<i>r</i>=0.076 d^-1), finite rate of increase (<i>λ</i>=1.078 d^-1), and net reproductive rate (<i>R</i>₀=34.82). Larval survival rate, pupal weight, and body weight of new adult under daily fluctuating temperatures were all lower than those under the corresponding daily constant temperature treatments. Additionally, only 2.6% of <i>L. sticticalis</i> completed life cycle under fluctuating temperature regime Ⅲ. Under daily constant temperature treatments, the adult pre-oviposition period of <i>L. sticticalis</i> was shortened with increasing temperature, averaging a reduction of 0.30 d·℃^-1. Under daily fluctuating temperature, the adult pre-oviposition period of <i>L. sticticalis</i> initially increased and then decreased with rising temperature, among which treatment Ⅱ exhibiting the longest period (5.36 days). We concluded that daily temperature fluctuation could increase the growth and development rate and enhance fecundity and fitness of <i>L. sticticali</i>. The extreme daytime temperature is not conducive to the occurrence of the <i>L. sticticalis</i> population.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2497-2505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal stability patterns of ecosystem service bundles and their driving factors in Hunan Province, China.","authors":"Yang Zhan, Xu Wang, Yi-Xin Mao, Li-Li Yun, Xi Peng","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Integrated management of ecosystem services through ecosystem service bundles (ESBs) is increasingly recognized as one of the most promising approaches for optimizing ecosystem services. Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of ESBs is critical for developing precise and adaptive regional ecosystem management strategies. However, most existing studies focus on the static identification of ESBs, with limited attention to the long-term stability and underlying drivers. With Hunan Province as an example and based on the spatiotemporal evolution of six key ecosystem services from 1995 to 2020, we introduced the \"dominant service cluster change frequency\" indicator to quantify the spatiotemporal stability of ESBs, and established an explanatory framework for the stability dri-ving mechanism. The results showed that food production, carbon sequestration, and soil retention significantly increased, habitat quality remained relatively stable, while flood regulation and water yield declined. The spatial patterns of multiple service types also underwent significant change during 1995-2020. ESBs showed high spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics, with 58.2% of the area showing high transition frequency and only 41.8% remaining relatively stable. High stability regions were mainly located in plains and mountainous forest areas with high levels of agricultural intensification. Geographic detector analysis revealed that land-use factors (e.g., cropland and forest ratios) and climate variables (e.g., precipitation and temperature) were the primary drivers of ESB stability. The interaction effects between land use and climate were stronger than single-factor effects. Based on the stability classifications, we further proposed adaptive and region-specific ecosystem management strategies to provide a new path for improving the ability to sustain service supply and the timeliness of policy implementation. This study would expand the perspective of dynamic regulation in the study of ESBs, providing theoretical support and practical basis for the refined management of ecosystem multifunctionality in changing environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2442-2454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing a knowledge system for theoretical research and practical application in macroecosystem science.","authors":"Gui-Rui Yu, Zong-Xu Yu, Qiu-Feng Wang, Tian-Xiang Hao, Meng Yang, Zhi Chen","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ecological research in the 21st century has entered a new stage of ecosystem science. Macroecosystem science, as the engine and frontier direction of ecosystem science, is focusing on the mutual feedbacks among \"environmental change-ecosystem-human well-being-social development\", based on the systemic cognitive framework of \"multiple elements-multiple processes-multiple functions-multiple scales-multiple dimensions\". It is committed to developing integrated research methods of \"cross media-cross interface-cross time and space-cross level-cross disciplinary\", concentrating on the cascading relationships and process mechanisms of \"resource environment-system structure-ecological process-functional service\" and \"system construction-state evolution-resource and environment effect-regulation and supervision\", and understanding the evolution laws of macroecosystem and the scientific principles of human regulation. We reviewed the theoretical framework of macroecosystem science, adopting the logical framework of \"scientific axiom-principle system-basic theory-application technology\", guided by the rational cognition of macroecosystem science such as \"biological agglomeration and co-evolution, component riveting and structure nesting theory, process coupling and mechanism mutual feedback, function emergence and service spillover, dynamic succession lineage and spatial succession, natural change and artificial regulation\", and tentatively constructed a knowledge system and logical framework for theoretical research and practical application of macroecosystem science. We aimed to promote the upgrading and transformation of traditional ecological research scope and paradigm to multi-dimensional ecosystem science, expand the application of macroecosystem science to large-scale and long-term ecological science, promote the innovation and practical application of ecosystem science knowledge, and provide technological support for regional and global natural resource management, ecological security pattern construction, and the sustainable development of society.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2257-2269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorus fraction characteristics and influencing factors of soil aggregates in <i>Quercus acutissima</i> pure and mixed forests.","authors":"Da-Yuan Liu, Dong-Yue Meng, Chen-Yi Yu, Jun-Jie Li, Qing-Wei Guan","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phosphorus components in the soil aggregates of different particle sizes is critical for improving phosphorus availability in north subtropical regions. We investigated two representative stand types, pure <i>Q. acutissima</i> stands and the mixed stands of <i>Q. acutissima</i> and <i>Pinus massoniana</i> in Lishui District, Nanjing. We measured soil aggregates from two soil layers (0-20 cm and 20-40 cm) to determine the stability of soil aggregates, labile phosphorus fraction content and the acid phosphatase activity of each particle size, as well as litter biomass and fine root biomass, to analyze the differences of active phosphorus fractions of soil aggregates between different stand types. The results showed that the content of macroaggregates (>2 mm) was higher than those of other particle sizes in different soil layers of both stand types. The proportion of macroaggregates was 48.4% in mixed stands and 43.7% in pure stands. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the stability of soil aggregates was significantly greater in mixed stands than in pure stands. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the total phosphorus (TP) content in aggregates of both stands ranged from 181.82 to 273.34 mg·kg^-1, without significant difference between the two stands, while that in the 20-40 cm layer ranged from 172.51 to 251.49 mg·kg^-1, with the mixed stands exhibiting significantly higher TP in macro-aggregates (>2 mm) than the pure stands. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, available phosphorus (AP) content in aggregates ranged from 18.29 to 33.10 mg·kg^-1, without difference between the two stands, while that in the 20-40 cm layer ranged from 11.78 to 25.22 mg·kg^-1, with the mixed stands having higher AP across all aggregate particle sizes than the pure stands. Acid phosphatase activity in mixed stands was significantly higher than in pure stands across all soil aggregate sizes and depth layers. Fine root biomass in the mixed stands was significantly greater than in the pure stands in both soil layers. In contrast, litter biomass did not differ between stands. Generalized linear mixed models revealed that soil pH, acid phosphatase activity of soil aggregates, and stand types exerted significant effects on labile phosphorus content of soil aggregates in the 0-20 cm soil layer, explaining 32.0%, 15.7%, and 9.0% of the variance, respectively. In the 20-40 cm layer, stand type, acid phosphatase activity of soil aggregates, fine root biomass, and litter biomass all showed significant influences, accounting for 22.0%, 16.5%, 16.2%, and 10.6% of the variance. Compared to pure stands, mixed stands enhanced soil labile phosphorus content by influencing multiple environmental factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2344-2352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of leaf functional traits of different grassland plants to desertification and their adaptation strategies.","authors":"Wan-Xin Liu, Jiang-Ping Cai, Jia-Lin Fu, Xue Feng, Hui Li, Lin-You Lyu, Yong Jiang, Yu-Ge Zhang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined the responses of leaf functional traits and their adaptation strategies of four dominant species (<i>Lespedeza davurica</i>, <i>Carex duriuscula</i>, <i>Potentilla chinensis</i>, and <i>Cleistogenes chinensis</i>) to desertification in the Zhanggutai desertified grassland, Liaoning Province. We measured the morphological and chemical functional traits under five desertification levels (0%, 10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% of sand addition by mass). The results showed that desertification significantly affected leaf functional traits in the natural grasslands of northwestern Liao-ning, but with significant species-specific difference. With the increases of desertification intensity, specific leaf area of <i>C. duriuscula</i> and <i>P. chinensis</i> increased initially and then decreased, peaking at 30% and 10% sand addition levels, respectively. Leaf dry matter content of the four species all showed a decreasing trend with aggravated desertification, but the changes were not statistically significant. Desertification significantly increased leaf N and P contents of <i>C. duriuscula</i> and <i>C. chinensis</i>, with N content being increased by 45.8% and 28.2%, and P content being increased by 87.1% and 50.3%, respectively under 70% sand addition treatment. The four species adapted to desertification through trade-offs among morphological and chemical traits. <i>P. chinensis</i> exhibited a \"low-input, high-benefit\" resource-conservative strategy. <i>L. davurica</i> maintained relatively stable leaf nutrient content. Both species exhibited a relatively strong adaptability to desertification.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2379-2387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term nitrogen addition facilitates phosphorus uptake by the roots of <i>Phyllostachys pubescens</i>.","authors":"Jiang-Fan Chen, Qiu-Fang Zhang, Xiao-Qing Zhang, Lin-Na Chen, Xiao-Chun Yuan, Jian-Guo Xu, Quan-Xin Zeng, Yue-Min Chen","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted a field nitrogen addition experiment in a subtropical natural <i>Phyllostachys pubescens</i> forest taking ammonium nitrate as nitrogen source. There were three nitrogen addition levels: 0, 20, and 80 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1, corresponding to the control, low nitrogen, and high nitrogen treatments, respectively. In the ninth year of treatments, we collected samples of surface soil from 0 to 15 cm to determine soil basic chemical properties, microbial community composition, acid phosphatase activity, and analyzed leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents, leaf phosphorus fractions, and fine root biomass and phosphorus content in <i>P. pubescens</i>. We explored the effects of nitrogen addition on plant phosphorus-utilization and -acquisition strategies of <i>P. pubescens</i>, as well as their correlations with environmental factors. The results showed that both low and high nitrogen additions significantly increased foliar nitrogen and phosphorus contents, but did not change foliar nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio. Only the treatment of high nitrogen addition significantly increased the contents of metabolic phosphorus, nucleic acid phosphorus, and structural phosphorus in the leaves, without altering the proportion of each phosphorus fraction. On average, low and high nitrogen additions significantly increased soil available phosphorus content by 31.4% and fine root phosphorus content by 28.9%, but significantly decreased soil organic phosphorus content by 28.2%. Fine root phosphorus content was significantly positively correlated with fine root biomass, the abundance of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and available phosphorus content. In summary, <i>P. pubescens</i> allocated more carbon to belowground under long-term nitrogen addition, thereby enhanced root phosphorus uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2317-2324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inversion of soil salinity and pH in farmland of the Hetao Plain based on Sentinel-2 and explainable machine learning.","authors":"Hua-Yu Huang, Qi-Dong Ding, Jun-Hua Zhang, Xin Pan, Yue-Hui Zhou, Ke-Li Jia","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The escalating salinization and alkalization of arable soils represents a significant threat to the sustainable development of agriculture and environment. The assessment of salinization and alkalization can be facilitated by measuring crucial indicators including soil salinity content (SSC) and pH. The utilization of remote sensing technology could facilitate the effective and large-scale monitoring of soil salinity and alkalinity conditions. In this study, we selected the saline and alkaline farmland soil in the Hetao Plain as the research object, integrated measured soil salinity content (SSC), pH, and Sentinel-2 images (comprising six bands and 24 salinity indices), and incorporated environmental variables, soil physicochemical attributes, and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data as mode-ling variables. Following the implementation of feature screening through the utilization of gradient boosting machine (GBM), we established the inverse models of SSC and pH based on six machine learning algorithms, including extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), category boosting (CatBoost), random forest (RF), and extreme random tree (ERT). We further visuali-zed the variable contributions by Shapley additive explanation (SHAP) interpretation, and realized the inverse mapping for the spatial distribution of salinity and alkalinity information. The results showed that the overall soil salinization and alkalization were at mild to moderate levles, with significant spatial heterogeneity between salinization and alkalization. The GBM algorithm could effectively reduce the model's complexity by filtering the feature variables with a cumulative contribution of up to 90%. The contribution of different types of variables to the salinization and alkalization information varied significantly. The XGBoost and ERT models demonstrated optimal perfor-mance in the SSC and pH inversions, respectively, with model validation <i>R</i>² values of 0.925 and 0.818, respectively. The SHAP analysis revealed that the salinity index was the most significant variable that contributed 34.9% to the SSC and 34.2% to the pH, respectively. Soil physicochemical properties and topographic factors exhibited a range of 15.7% to 23.0% contributions. There were minimal contributions from climatic factors and radar data, and the least contribution from single band. The study could offer a scientific reference for the monitoring of soil salinization and alkalization, the selection of variables, and the decision-making process concerning agricultural enhancement in analogous regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2407-2419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bird habitat network construction in Shenyang City based on improved circuit theory of neighborhood landscape compatibility.","authors":"Shi-Wen Zhou, Sui Li, Yu-Yang Zhang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Constructing urban habitat networks can effectively improve the stability of regional ecosystems, increase energy flow and gene exchange in landscape patches, and play a crucial role in urban biodiversity conservation. With urban area of Shenyang City as the study area, we identified the source of bird habitats from three dimensions: morphology-quality-neighborhood. From the three dimensions of environmental elements, architectural index, and anthropogenic interference, we superimposed 12 resistance factors to construct resistance surfaces. The theoretical circuit model was improved through neighborhood landscape compatibility analysis to identify bird habitat pinch points and obstacle points, and to comprehensively construct a source-corridor-node urban bird habitat network. The results showed that 41 high-quality habitat source sites were identified, representing 2.2% of the number of patches in the core area. The habitat source sites were refined into 3 levels through neighborhood analysis. 39 potential habitat corridors were identified, with a total corridor length of 323.74 km and an average length of 8.30 km, mainly concentrated on the north side of the Hunhe River, occupying 35 habitat corridors, with the highest quality in the central and eastern parts of the area, and weaker in the west. Based on the spatial relationship of bird habitat corridors, 43 habitat pinch points and 30 habitat barrier points were identified to construct a bird habitat optimization network. The study focused on the method of urban habitat network construction by improving circuit theory with neighborhood landscape analysis, considered the effect of landscape patch compatibility on cumulative resistance. Our results could precisely describe the source and sink processes of ecological flows, provide theoretical references for the construction of urban ecological security patterns oriented to biodiversity conservation in the context of territorial spatial planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2515-2524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change of soil labile organic carbon fractions and enzyme activities during peatland restoration in Changbai Mountains, Northeast China.","authors":"Ling-Hui Li, Yi-Jun Liu, Yi-Meng Wang, Ming Wang","doi":"10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peatlands are one of the most important terrestrial carbon storage reservoirs. The response of soil labile organic carbon fractions to environmental changes is a pivotal indicator for assessing the stability of soil organic carbon pools. Soil enzymes act as primary participants in the biogeochemical processes of peatlands, significantly influence the material cycling and energy flow. Taking natural peatlands, degraded peatlands, and peatlands restored for 3, 5, and 8 years in the Changbai Mountains as test objects, we examined the changes of soil labile organic carbon fractions, enzyme activities, soil physicochemical properties, and aboveground biomass during peatland restoration. The results showed that the contents of easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) increased following peatland restoration. Both MBC and DOC exhi-bited a progressive increase with restoration duration, showing cumulative rises of 139.7% and 160.2%, respec-tively, after 8 years of restoration. In contrast, EOC recovered to the level comparable to natural peatland within just 3 years of restoration, exhibiting a notably rapid recovery. Restoration significantly increase the activities of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine glycosidase (NAG) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the 0-10 cm soil layer. After 8 years of restoration, the activities of NAG and ACP increased by 30.1% and 84.1%, respectively. However, the activity of β-1,4-glucosidase (βG) increased by 60.8% after 3 years of restoration, decreased slightly after 5 years of restoration, and showed no significant difference between the peatland restored for 8 years and the degraded peatlands. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling showed that soil organic carbon directly influenced soil labile organic carbon fractions, while soil labile organic carbon fractions and aboveground biomass collectively influenced soil enzyme activity. In conclusion, natural-based restoration could effectively increase soil labile organic carbon fractions and soil microbial enzyme activities, thereby promoting peatland recovery. This study would provide basic data and a reference framework for the ecological restoration and management of degraded peatlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":35942,"journal":{"name":"应用生态学报","volume":"36 8","pages":"2361-2369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}