Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Drug-Coated Balloons for Coronary Artery Disease: From Theory to Practice.","authors":"Mohamad B Moumneh, Yasser Jamil, Michael G Nanna, Abdulla A Damluji","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01084-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01084-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The purpose of this work is to review the role of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) in contemporary coronary artery disease (CAD) management by focusing on its clinical indications and technical considerations, supported by updated insights from the International DCB Consensus Group.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>While percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and drug-eluting stents were initially the standard treatment for CAD, limitations such in-stent stenosis, neoatherosclerosis, and increased bleeding led to the development of the novel DCBs. These DCBs have become well established in treating various clinical cases such as in-stent restenosis, de-novo small-vessel disease, bifurcation lesions, large-vessel disease, high bleeding risk, acute coronary syndromes, and diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>For optimal DCB outcomes, functional assessments, careful lesion preparation, and patient selection are crucial for effective drug delivery and reduced complications. Ongoing innovations in drug formulations, balloon design, and delivery mechanisms, along with further trials, will expand DCBs' impact in CAD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12392985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Digital Revolution in Medicine: Applications in Cardio-Oncology.","authors":"Gift Echefu, Ladislav Batalik, Abdulkareem Lukan, Rushabh Shah, Priyanshu Nain, Avirup Guha, Sherry-Ann Brown","doi":"10.1007/s11936-024-01059-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-024-01059-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>A critical evaluation of contemporary literature regarding the role of big data, artificial intelligence, and digital technologies in precision cardio-oncology care and survivorship, emphasizing innovative and groundbreaking endeavors.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm models can automate the risk assessment process and augment current subjective clinical decision tools. AI, particularly machine learning (ML), can identify medically significant patterns in large data sets. Machine learning in cardio-oncology care has great potential in screening, diagnosis, monitoring, and managing cancer therapy-related cardiovascular complications. To this end, large-scale imaging data and clinical information are being leveraged in training efficient AI algorithms that may lead to effective clinical tools for caring for this vulnerable population. Telemedicine may benefit cardio-oncology patients by enhancing healthcare delivery through lowering costs, improving quality, and personalizing care. Similarly, the utilization of wearable biosensors and mobile health technology for remote monitoring holds the potential to improve cardio-oncology outcomes through early intervention and deeper clinical insight. Investigations are ongoing regarding the application of digital health tools such as telemedicine and remote monitoring devices in enhancing the functional status and recovery of cancer patients, particularly those with limited access to centralized services, by increasing physical activity levels and providing access to rehabilitation services.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In recent years, advances in cancer survival have increased the prevalence of patients experiencing cancer therapy-related cardiovascular complications. Traditional cardio-oncology risk categorization largely relies on basic clinical features and physician assessment, necessitating advancements in machine learning to create objective prediction models using diverse data sources. Healthcare disparities may be perpetuated through AI algorithms in digital health technologies. In turn, this may have a detrimental effect on minority populations by limiting resource allocation. Several AI-powered innovative health tools could be leveraged to bridge the digital divide and improve access to equitable care.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11600984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Photoacoustic Imaging Techniques for Peripheral Arterial Disease.","authors":"Yide Zhang, Lihong V Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01113-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01113-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has emerged as a promising non-ionizing modality that leverages optical absorption contrast to provide both anatomical and functional insights into vascular health. This review examines recent advances in PAI technologies applied to the diagnosis, assessment, and management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The goal is to evaluate how emerging PAI techniques address current diagnostic limitations and to identify opportunities for clinical integration.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of PAI to capture high-resolution, dynamic images of peripheral vasculature, quantify oxygen saturation and regional blood volume, and assess microvascular health. Technological innovations, including single-shot volumetric imaging, all-optical scanners, and multimodal systems, have expanded PAI's clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Emerging PAI systems show promise for complementing traditional imaging by providing functional insights into microvascular health. Continued technological development and validation through large-scale studies are essential for establishing PAI's clinical role in PAD diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12394336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Responders to Transcatheter Interventions for Secondary Mitral Regurgitation.","authors":"Diane Rizkallah, Carl Ammoury, Elio Haroun, Joseph El Roumi, Ben Alencherry, Rhonda Miyasaka, Amar Krishnaswamy, Samir Kapadia, Serge Harb, Deborah Kwon","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01095-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01095-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This article offers a comprehensive review of the literature on imaging predictors of response to transcatheter interventions for secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent advancements in percutaneous valve therapies have broadened treatment options for high-risk patients with SMR. While recent studies have demonstrated significant reduction in all-cause mortality and hospitalizations with transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER), significant controversy remains. This review highlights the central role of multi-modality imaging to guide therapeutic decision making for optimal treatment response and long-term outcomes.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Several echocardiographic, computerized tomography (CT) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging parameters are central to identifying optimal conditions for transcatheter therapies. Imaging features have become key predictors of outcomes following transcatheter interventions for secondary mitral regurgitation and provide important risk stratification to guide therapeutic decision making and shared decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12313785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracoronary Optical Coherence Tomography: Technological Innovations and Clinical Implications in Cardiology.","authors":"Yuchen Jiang, Jingyi Wang, Raksha Sreeramachandra Murthy, Pranav Patel, Zhongping Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01103-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01103-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To provide the most up-to-date clinical evidence of intracoronary optical coherence tomography (OCT), and clinical implications to guide future imaging research in cardiology.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Intracoronary OCT has demonstrated advanced system performance and high reproducibility in analyzing atherosclerotic lesions. It is an attractive tool due to its capability for functional classification and superior imaging resolution, enabling precise and reliable tissue assessments. Compared to traditional angiography, OCT has been associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes and serves as an effective tool for optimizing stent selection and post-intervention evaluation. The development of OCT variations and the combination of various intravascular imaging modalities further enhance its diagnostic capabilities, allowing a comprehensive assessment of complex vulnerable lesions and improving risk stratification for patients.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Current and evolving system development presents a hopeful path for treating coronary artery disease by addressing the challenges of the intracoronary OCT technique. Future studies focusing on utilizing OCT system extensions, integrated multimodality imaging systems, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) derived image analysis will improve clinical endpoints and streamline the process.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12289833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Reprogramming in Heart Failure: From Energy Starvation to Therapeutic Targets.","authors":"Mariam Meddeb, Joseph R Goldenberg, Sydney C Jenkin, Virginia S Hahn","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01121-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-025-01121-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The goals of this review are to summarize the current literature regarding metabolic abnormalities in heart failure and propose therapies that can induce metabolic reprogramming to benefit the diseased heart.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Analysis of cardiac and skeletal muscle metabolism in heart failure has revealed several abnormalities including lower PCr/ATP ratio (indicating diminished myocardial energy reserves), altered substrate utilization, and mitochondrial abnormalities. Several advances in both non-invasive and invasive methods to studying cardiac metabolism have allowed recent key contributions to the field. Promising therapeutic strategies include shifting towards increased utilization of ketones and fatty acids, targeting mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and activation of genes that promote metabolic remodeling. Several current therapies lead to metabolic reprogramming, including both drug and device-based therapies such as cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and left ventricular assist devices (LVADs).</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Strategies to induce metabolic reprogramming in the diseased heart need further study. Future research should address differences in metabolic abnormalities in HFrEF and HFpEF, methods to study metabolic responses to therapies, and impact of metabolic reprogramming on clinical outcomes in heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12504350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Drug Discovery for Cardiomyocyte Proliferation.","authors":"Kaitlyn L Wintruba, Matthew J Wolf, Jop H van Berlo, Jeffrey J Saucerman","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01107-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01107-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review explores current advancements in drug discovery for promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation and highlights key challenges in translating these findings to clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>High-throughput screening platforms, including phenotypic assays using stem cell-derived or neonatal cardiomyocytes, have identified candidate compounds that modulate proliferative signaling pathways. Computational modeling and omics analysis have enabled mechanistic insights and supported the development of targeted drug discovery strategies. Emerging approaches are increasingly incorporating orthogonal screening and cross-species validation to improve translational potential.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>While no therapy has yet fully translated beyond pre-clinical models, significant progress has been made in identifying candidate drugs that stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation in animal models. Translating these findings into effective therapies requires a rigorous foundation in basic research to clarify the molecular mechanisms of cardiac repair and guide drug development.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem-Cell Derived Exosomal microRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutics for Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Aaron H Wasserman, Bana Abolibdeh, Reema Hamdan, Charles C Hong","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01088-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-025-01088-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>In recent years, several pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we evaluate their potential as biomarkers for the detection and monitoring of CVD, with a particular focus on pediatric heart disease.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Exosomes isolated from stem cell sources, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), benefit cardiovascular function, inflammatory responses, and angiogenesis in injured and diseased hearts. These exosomes carry a variety of cargo, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. However, the majority contain non-coding RNA molecules.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Review of the existing literature for several non-coding RNAs and their relationship to CVD suggests that exosomes containing microRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as promising biomarkers for CVD due to their presence in circulation, ease of isolation, and therapeutic potential. These biomarkers are especially promising as screening and diagnostic tools for the early detection of pediatric and congenital heart disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and Environmental Contributors To Congenital Heart Disease.","authors":"Talita Z Choudhury, Benjamin L Gilbert, Vidu Garg","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01091-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01091-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Paradigms surrounding congenital heart disease (CHD) etiology represent an evolving area of study. Traditionally, genetic causes of CHD have been classified into chromosomal abnormalities, copy number variation, and single-gene disorders, while environmental contributors include external and intrinsic maternal factors that impair cardiac development. Here, we summarize established causes of CHD and highlight emerging insights into CHD pathogenesis that may inform future treatment options.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing technologies have uncovered novel genetic etiologies underlying CHD including oligogenic inheritance and pathogenic noncoding variation. In addition, industrialization and transformation of society has introduced new environmental risk factors that may contribute to CHD. Further, mechanistic insight into both genetic and environmental factors underlying CHD has led to discovery of novel therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>New methodologies have greatly improved our comprehension of the heterogeneous mechanisms underlying CHD, catalyzing the discovery of effective therapeutic strategies to reduce CHD incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Extremely Preterm Infants: Update on Current Diagnostic and Treatment Options.","authors":"Kimberly Fernandez Trahan, Elaine L Shelton, Maria Gillam-Krakauer","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01101-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01101-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) treatment strategies in the neonatal period differ widely. Variations in what constitutes hemodynamic significance (hsPDA) and scarcity of high-quality data on long-term outcomes has contributed to lack of standardization. Filling these knowledge gaps would impact clinical decision making.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent trials have not shown improvement in outcomes with early compared to expectant management. Targeted neonatal echocardiography (TnECHO) has facilitated timely intervention with encouraging outcomes. Acetaminophen use is increasing even in infants < 24 weeks. Advancements in percutaneous transcatheter occlusion, characterization of the unique expression of genes and ion channels of the ductus arteriosus, and attention to nonpharmacologic strategies are essential advances in PDA management.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>With increased utilization of TnECHO, clarification of the scope of transcatheter-based closures, further understanding of the genetic and molecular factors involved in ductal tone, and the appreciation of the off-target effects that medications and fluid balance can have on the DA, providing targeted, individualized PDA treatment is achievable. However, the development of innovative therapies to promote ductal closure is a necessity.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}