Josh Saef, Anna Scandinaro, Robert Montgomery, Swethika Sundaravel, Scott Weinreb, Anudeep Dodeja, Rayhan A Lal, Iani Patsias, Priyanka Gosain, Miguel Castro, Namita Joseph, Mariella Velez Martinez, Courtney Laczko, Marea Kefalas, Sumeet Vaikunth, Todd Stuart Roth
{"title":"Advancements and Challenges in Contemporizing Care for Adult Patients with Congenital Heart Disease and Advanced Heart Failure: An Update on Application of Modern Heart Failure Technologies.","authors":"Josh Saef, Anna Scandinaro, Robert Montgomery, Swethika Sundaravel, Scott Weinreb, Anudeep Dodeja, Rayhan A Lal, Iani Patsias, Priyanka Gosain, Miguel Castro, Namita Joseph, Mariella Velez Martinez, Courtney Laczko, Marea Kefalas, Sumeet Vaikunth, Todd Stuart Roth","doi":"10.1007/s11936-024-01060-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-024-01060-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>The need for treatments and specialists to manage complications that adults with congenital heart disease experience with heart failure is pressing. Research in this field is limited by small sample sizes with broad patient heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The mainstays of heart failure treatment include goal-directed medical therapies, electrophysiology interventions, mechanical circulatory support, and transplant. Although these therapies have been studied in the adult populations in the more traditional left-sided heart failure, data is limited in the use of these therapies in adults with congenital heart disease.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Collaborative guidance is needed to advance the management and care of the fast-growing population of adults with congenital heart disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12858293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146107661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariam Meddeb, Joseph R Goldenberg, Sydney C Jenkin, Virginia S Hahn
{"title":"Metabolic Reprogramming in Heart Failure: From Energy Starvation to Therapeutic Targets.","authors":"Mariam Meddeb, Joseph R Goldenberg, Sydney C Jenkin, Virginia S Hahn","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01121-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01121-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The goals of this review are to summarize the current literature regarding metabolic abnormalities in heart failure and propose therapies that can induce metabolic reprogramming to benefit the diseased heart.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Analysis of cardiac and skeletal muscle metabolism in heart failure has revealed several abnormalities including lower PCr/ATP ratio (indicating diminished myocardial energy reserves), altered substrate utilization, and mitochondrial abnormalities. Several advances in both non-invasive and invasive methods to studying cardiac metabolism have allowed recent key contributions to the field. Promising therapeutic strategies include shifting towards increased utilization of ketones and fatty acids, targeting mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and activation of genes that promote metabolic remodeling. Several current therapies lead to metabolic reprogramming, including both drug and device-based therapies such as cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and left ventricular assist devices (LVADs).</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Strategies to induce metabolic reprogramming in the diseased heart need further study. Future research should address differences in metabolic abnormalities in HFrEF and HFpEF, methods to study metabolic responses to therapies, and impact of metabolic reprogramming on clinical outcomes in heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12504350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaitlyn L Wintruba, Matthew J Wolf, Jop H van Berlo, Jeffrey J Saucerman
{"title":"Advances in Drug Discovery for Cardiomyocyte Proliferation.","authors":"Kaitlyn L Wintruba, Matthew J Wolf, Jop H van Berlo, Jeffrey J Saucerman","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01107-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01107-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review explores current advancements in drug discovery for promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation and highlights key challenges in translating these findings to clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>High-throughput screening platforms, including phenotypic assays using stem cell-derived or neonatal cardiomyocytes, have identified candidate compounds that modulate proliferative signaling pathways. Computational modeling and omics analysis have enabled mechanistic insights and supported the development of targeted drug discovery strategies. Emerging approaches are increasingly incorporating orthogonal screening and cross-species validation to improve translational potential.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>While no therapy has yet fully translated beyond pre-clinical models, significant progress has been made in identifying candidate drugs that stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation in animal models. Translating these findings into effective therapies requires a rigorous foundation in basic research to clarify the molecular mechanisms of cardiac repair and guide drug development.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144683325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Mewaldt, Emily Crawford, Jennifer Cluett, Lorenzo V Arvanitis, Katie Kentoffio, Eric A Secemsky, Anna K Krawisz
{"title":"An Update on the Role of Renal Artery Denervation in the Treatment of Hypertension.","authors":"Christian Mewaldt, Emily Crawford, Jennifer Cluett, Lorenzo V Arvanitis, Katie Kentoffio, Eric A Secemsky, Anna K Krawisz","doi":"10.1007/s11936-024-01063-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-024-01063-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review provides a practical, evidence-based summary of the physiology, major trial data and clinical role of renal denervation in the treatment of hypertension.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The cornerstone of hypertension therapy remains anti-hypertensive medications although this strategy has significant limitations with poor rates of blood pressure control for most patients. Renal denervation was designed to bypass concerns about medication adherence and provide an \"always-on\" treatment. Recent trial data and meta-analyses are presented demonstrating a modest, although heterogeneous, response to renal denervation which led to the treatment's recent FDA approval. Improvements in catheter design and renal artery treatment strategy may underlie the improved clinical response to denervation in more recent trials.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Hypertension centers involving multi-disciplinary care teams are equipped to provide patients with advanced diagnostic testing for secondary hypertension, comprehensive non-invasive management strategies and invasive renal denervation to address hypertension. Early referral for patients with uncontrolled hypertension can provide patients with nuanced conservative and interventional options which have the potential to improve hypertension related morbidity and mortality. Future studies are needed to identify which patients are most likely to respond to renal denervation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12995377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolving Decongestion Strategies in the Management of Acute Heart Failure.","authors":"Jeffrey George, W H Wilson Tang","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01125-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01125-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To provide an overview of the latest evidence-based treatment strategies for acute heart failure (HF), with a significant focus on recent clinical trials and their associated implications within clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent studies have highlighted the effectiveness of urine sodium-guided decongestion, segmental nephron blockade, disease-modifying therapies, and the use of maintenance diuretics. These approaches have demonstrated significant improvements in patient outcomes, including better decongestion, reduced hospital admissions, and improved survival rates.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>The findings suggest a multifaceted, evidence-based approach is necessary for the effective management of acute HF. Implementing urine sodium-guided decongestion and segmental nephron blockade can enhance diuretic efficiency while disease-modifying therapies improve long-term outcomes. Maintenance diuretics play a crucial role in preventing recurrent hospitalizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12535541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145337648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aaron H Wasserman, Bana Abolibdeh, Reema Hamdan, Charles C Hong
{"title":"Stem-Cell Derived Exosomal microRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutics for Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease.","authors":"Aaron H Wasserman, Bana Abolibdeh, Reema Hamdan, Charles C Hong","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01088-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01088-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>In recent years, several pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Here, we evaluate their potential as biomarkers for the detection and monitoring of CVD, with a particular focus on pediatric heart disease.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Exosomes isolated from stem cell sources, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), benefit cardiovascular function, inflammatory responses, and angiogenesis in injured and diseased hearts. These exosomes carry a variety of cargo, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. However, the majority contain non-coding RNA molecules.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Review of the existing literature for several non-coding RNAs and their relationship to CVD suggests that exosomes containing microRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as promising biomarkers for CVD due to their presence in circulation, ease of isolation, and therapeutic potential. These biomarkers are especially promising as screening and diagnostic tools for the early detection of pediatric and congenital heart disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic and Environmental Contributors To Congenital Heart Disease.","authors":"Talita Z Choudhury, Benjamin L Gilbert, Vidu Garg","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01091-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01091-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Paradigms surrounding congenital heart disease (CHD) etiology represent an evolving area of study. Traditionally, genetic causes of CHD have been classified into chromosomal abnormalities, copy number variation, and single-gene disorders, while environmental contributors include external and intrinsic maternal factors that impair cardiac development. Here, we summarize established causes of CHD and highlight emerging insights into CHD pathogenesis that may inform future treatment options.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing technologies have uncovered novel genetic etiologies underlying CHD including oligogenic inheritance and pathogenic noncoding variation. In addition, industrialization and transformation of society has introduced new environmental risk factors that may contribute to CHD. Further, mechanistic insight into both genetic and environmental factors underlying CHD has led to discovery of novel therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>New methodologies have greatly improved our comprehension of the heterogeneous mechanisms underlying CHD, catalyzing the discovery of effective therapeutic strategies to reduce CHD incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kimberly Fernandez Trahan, Elaine L Shelton, Maria Gillam-Krakauer
{"title":"Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Extremely Preterm Infants: Update on Current Diagnostic and Treatment Options.","authors":"Kimberly Fernandez Trahan, Elaine L Shelton, Maria Gillam-Krakauer","doi":"10.1007/s11936-025-01101-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-025-01101-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) treatment strategies in the neonatal period differ widely. Variations in what constitutes hemodynamic significance (hsPDA) and scarcity of high-quality data on long-term outcomes has contributed to lack of standardization. Filling these knowledge gaps would impact clinical decision making.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent trials have not shown improvement in outcomes with early compared to expectant management. Targeted neonatal echocardiography (TnECHO) has facilitated timely intervention with encouraging outcomes. Acetaminophen use is increasing even in infants < 24 weeks. Advancements in percutaneous transcatheter occlusion, characterization of the unique expression of genes and ion channels of the ductus arteriosus, and attention to nonpharmacologic strategies are essential advances in PDA management.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>With increased utilization of TnECHO, clarification of the scope of transcatheter-based closures, further understanding of the genetic and molecular factors involved in ductal tone, and the appreciation of the off-target effects that medications and fluid balance can have on the DA, providing targeted, individualized PDA treatment is achievable. However, the development of innovative therapies to promote ductal closure is a necessity.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Debkalpa Goswami, Madihah Kazim, Christopher T Nguyen
{"title":"Applications of 3D Printing Technology in Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure.","authors":"Debkalpa Goswami, Madihah Kazim, Christopher T Nguyen","doi":"10.1007/s11936-024-01045-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11936-024-01045-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>3D printing (3DP) technology has emerged as a valuable tool for surgeons and cardiovascular interventionalists in developing and tailoring patient-specific treatment strategies, especially in complex and rare cases. This short review covers advances, primarily in the last three years, in the use of 3DP in the diagnosis and management of heart failure and related cardiovascular conditions.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Latest studies include utilization of 3DP in ventricular assist device placement, congenital heart disease identification and treatment, pre-operative planning and management in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, clinician as well as patient education, and benchtop mock circulatory loops.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Studies reported benefits for patients including significantly reduced operation time, potential for lower radiation exposure, shorter mechanical ventilation times, lower intraoperative blood loss, and less total hospitalization time, as a result of the use of 3DP. As 3DP technology continues to evolve, clinicians, basic science researchers, engineers, and regulatory authorities must collaborate closely to optimize the utilization of 3D printing technology in the diagnosis and management of heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"26 8","pages":"271-277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12124766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arianne Clare Agdamag, Phoo Pwint Nandar, W H Wilson Tang
{"title":"Advanced Heart Failure Therapies in Neuromuscular Diseases.","authors":"Arianne Clare Agdamag, Phoo Pwint Nandar, W H Wilson Tang","doi":"10.1007/s11936-024-01046-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-024-01046-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The main objective of this review article is to discuss the prevalence, utilization, and outcomes associated with advanced heart failure therapies among patients with neuromuscular disorders.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Neuromuscular disorders often have multisystem involvement with a high prevalence of cardiovascular pathology. With the improvement in management of respiratory related complications, heart failure is now the leading cause of mortality in this patient population. Advanced heart failure therapies with durable left ventricular assist devices and heart transplantation have proven to be feasible and safe treatment options in selected patients.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Management of neuromuscular disease involves multidisciplinary team involvement given the systemic nature of the disease. Early recognition and close monitoring of these patients will allow for timely initiation of advanced heart failure therapies that can lead to successful outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":35912,"journal":{"name":"Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"26 8","pages":"255-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11706575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}