Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology最新文献

{"title":"Forensic microbiology and bite marks: a systematic review.","authors":"B Moitas,&nbsp;I M Caldas,&nbsp;B Sampaio-Maia","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The forensic role of microbiology in bite mark analysis as evidence in a court of law has not yet been explored, as the analysis of bite marks is mostly morphology-based. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate if the analysis of the oral microbiota may be helpful as a complementary forensic tool. Articles were searched on the PubMed database, using predefined data fields and keywords. The final selection included a total of 6 papers (out of 42). Our results indicated that the Streptococcus genus is a key player in the analysis of bite mark microbiology from a forensic perspective and its genomic analysis may facilitate the association of a bite mark to the perpetrator. However, much more research is still needed before this forensic strategy can be applied in real scenarios. There is a need to optimize and standardize the methods of microbiome analysis and to determine several factors that may influence the results, such as the frequency of bacterial genotypes in the human population and the temporal stability of the oral microbiome on human skin.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 2","pages":"44-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9942797/pdf/JFOS-40-2-44.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9481481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applicability of the Demirjian, Willems and Haavikko methods in Croatian children.","authors":"I Bedek,&nbsp;J Dumančić,&nbsp;T Lauc,&nbsp;M Marušić,&nbsp;I Čuković-Bagić","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age estimation is an inescapable part of every identification process. During growth and development, it is possible to estimate age based on the developmental stages of teeth. The aim of this study was to evaluate three frequently used methods for dental age estimation on a broad sample of Croatian children. The sample comprised 1996 digital, standardized orthopantomograms of children (1121 boys and 875 girls) aged 5 to 16, collected in four major Croatian cities. Age was estimated according to the Demirjian, Willems and Haavikko methods and the accuracy of the estimation was evaluated. The Kappa for intra-examiner agreement was 0.83 for the Haavikko stages and 0.92 for the Demirjian stages. Using the Demirjian method, the average overestimation of age was 0.80 years for boys and 0.84 years for girls. The Willems method overestimated the mean age by 0.41 years in boys and 0.22 years in girls. The Haavikko method underestimated the mean age by 0.60 years in boys and 0.80 years in girls. The Willems method proved to be the most accurate and can be used for dental age estimation among Croatian children. The Demirjian and Haavikko methods showed greater deviation between dental and chronological age and require adaptation when used in the Croatian population.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 2","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9942799/pdf/JFOS-40-2-21.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9481480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dentinal translucency and width of cementum: predicting the age over 55 years in South Indian adults using extracted sectioned teeth.","authors":"S Shylaja,&nbsp;S M Manay,&nbsp;K K Ganji,&nbsp;E S K Reddy,&nbsp;V R Vamshi,&nbsp;F Muddebihal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main intention of this article was to evaluate the reliability of root dentine translucency (RDT) and the width of cementum (CW) in indicating the age over 55 years in forensic and criminal investigations. 600 non-restored, single rooted teeth (300 males and 300 females) which were extracted for periodontal or orthodontic reasons were collected. Each tooth was sectioned longitudinally until the desired thickness (250 µm) was obtained. Both the length of the RDT and CW were measured from these unstained ground sections of teeth using ImageJ computer software. Pearson's correlation coefficient indicated a very strong and positive correlation for RDW and CW with age in both sexes. Cut-off values of RDT= 7.07 and CW= 52.06 were obtained using the maximum Youden's index. The value for the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.987 for RDT and 0.910 for CW was seen as indicating a very high discrimination. The performance of these cut-off values was tested in a separate sample of sectioned teeth (n= 300) and was analyzed using contingency tables in both sexes. The sensitivity was 88.2% and 92.3%, while specificity was 98.9% for RDT in males and females. For CW, the sensitivity was 96.1% and 90.3%, and specificity was 76.7% and 74.4% in males and females, respectively. Bayes post-test probability was 98.9% for RDT in both sexes, while 80.5% in males and 78% in females, for CW. Based on our study findings, it can be concluded that both variables have performed well in predicting the age over 55 years. Further research concerning the radiographic study of secondary dentine deposition to predict legal age thresholds would be a great benefit for living adults who require age estimation in civil proceedings.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 2","pages":"10-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9942800/pdf/JFOS-40-2-10.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9481479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying a victim of alligator attack and scavenger fish in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest using smile photographs: a case report.","authors":"L R A Custodio,&nbsp;M S Valente-Aguiar,&nbsp;R P Ramos,&nbsp;G Rossato,&nbsp;T L D C Espicalsky","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reports of deaths caused by alligators or crocodiles are rare in the literature. These deaths may be related to sharp force trauma caused by the teeth of these animals, with or without mutilation, or even drowning after seizure and submersion of the victim. It is difficult to forensically identify bodies in cases of mutilation of the upper limbs during the attack or when the corpse is in an advanced stage of skeletonization. Smile photographs are an important source of ante-mortem references for comparison. We report a human identification based on a photograph of a victim, with the absence of limbs caused by an alligator attack and the advanced skeletonization stage due to scavenger fish action in the Amazon within only 36 hours after his disappearance. The description of alligator attacks and the marks observed on the victim's body are essential to help medical and forensic professionals diagnose the injuries found and, consequently, define the cause of death.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 2","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9942798/pdf/JFOS-40-2-31.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9427879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of an ancestrality estimate method through morphoscopic analysis of Brazilian skulls.","authors":"J Campos de Miranda,&nbsp;T T Lopez-Capp,&nbsp;L A Saavedra de Paiva,&nbsp;E Michel-Crosato,&nbsp;M G Haye Biazevic","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the investigation was to test a technique originating in the United States to verify the accuracy of the ancestry estimate in a sample of Brazilian skulls. The sample consisted of 120 skulls of Brazilian adults from the collection of the Institute of Education and Research in Forensic Sciences (IEPCF), Guarulhos-SP, Brazil, with ancestry determined by routine examination. In the skull, the following structures were analyzed: anterior nasal spine (ANS), inferior nasal aperture (INA), interorbital breadth (IOB) nasal aperture width (NAW), nasal bone structure (NBS), and post bregmatic depression (PBD). The Hefner and Ousley technique was applied to classify ancestry. Data were registered and correctness percentage was obtained. To improve ancestry prediction, Machine Learning techniques were used. Regarding the error of the studied method and the correctness of the complete sample, the study presented a percentage above 50%, with values such as 56.33% for whites and 53.07% for non-whites. The most frequent ANS parameter was marked (37.5%), INA straight (31.7%), IOB wide (38.3%), NAW medium (32.5%) NBS triangular (29.2%), and PBD present (78.3%). The application of the method in the sample of the study showed a limitation to estimate ancestry, suggesting a need for adaptation for its applicability in the Brazilian population.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 2","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9942795/pdf/JFOS-40-2-02.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9779179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The CSI effect in Forensic Odontology. A systematic review.","authors":"N Christoloukas,&nbsp;A Mitsea","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The popularity of forensic science in recent decades is substantially related to the high rate of watching television programs dealing with the investigation of criminal cases, such as \"CSI: Crime Scene Investigation\" (CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, 2000) and the two sequels, \"CSI: NY\" (CSI: NY, 2004) and \"CSI: Miami\" (CSI: Miami, 2002). These medical-based TV series portrayed forensic science in a favorable way, encouraging viewers to experience differently this scientific field. Although it is considered a minor social phenomenon, the reality seems to diverge. The aim of this study is to systematically review the existing literature on the impact of the \"CSI effect\" on crime scene management, analysis, and interpretation of evidence on forensic odontology cases. Electronic research was attempted among four (4) different electronic databases from January 2005 to October 2021. After removing articles according to inclusion-exclusion criteria, the final selection resulted in 5 articles. The results indicated that forensic-based TV series provided a sense of plausibility not dependent on factual accuracy. In addition, an increasing pressure on law enforcement personnel and investigators to collect DNA at crime scenes, regardless of whether it was relevant to the case was also observed. The popularity of these TV shows has contributed to growing public interest in forensic science programs and hence the \"CSI effect\" had a greater impact on individuals who systematically watched such television series.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 2","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9942796/pdf/JFOS-40-2-38.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9481482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial approximation for identification purposes: soft tissue thickness in a Caucasian population. Sex and age-related variations.","authors":"A De Donno,&nbsp;F Mele,&nbsp;C Angrisani,&nbsp;R Maselli,&nbsp;M Cozzolino,&nbsp;P Pedote,&nbsp;F Introna,&nbsp;V Santoro","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to collect soft tissue thickness (STT) values of an Italian population from 12 bone landmarks, to improve the facial approximation process for identification purposes. 100 Italian adults (50 males and 50 females), who had undergone head CT for clinical purposes, were analysed in order to expand the database of the Italian population. Average values, standard deviation and range were collected according to gender and age and the obtained values were statistically analysed in order to evaluate any possible significant difference. Only one landmark was statistically significant associated with sex, females showed significantly higher values for para-zygomaxillary. Two landmarks were statistically significant associated with age, upper incisor and pogonion. The obtained results were compared with the existing literature. Such information can be useful in the forensic craniofacial reconstruction process and can facilitate choosing the most suitable STT values according to osteological analysis of the human remains.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 1","pages":"34-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10228186/pdf/JFOS-40-1-34.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9601662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the Kvaal method with cone beam for the determination of a local formula for the age estimation of adult African melanoderma subject, Côte d'Ivoire.","authors":"M N Nouaman,&nbsp;D G Meless,&nbsp;V D Danho,&nbsp;A Sangare,&nbsp;S K N'Zore,&nbsp;S A Datte,&nbsp;M Traore,&nbsp;M Aye,&nbsp;M Samba,&nbsp;J B Beugre,&nbsp;J C Guinan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Age estimation by invasive dental methods is a destructive, costly and time-consuming approach, whereas, age estimation methods using dental radiographs are simple, non-destructive and provide reliable information. Age estimation by the Kvaal radiographic method has proven to be a reliable method, but possible ethnic variations may limit its uses in other populations. The objective of this study was to reproduce the original Kvaal method with CBCT for the estimation of the age of the adult melano-African subject in Côte d'Ivoire, in order to propose an age estimation formula, specific to our study population, by taking into account the measurements of tooth and pulp ratios.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study used 102 radiographic data from a CBCT Planmeca® examination in a private dental clinic in Abidjan. It was data from subjects of at least 18 years of age. Dental measurements in length and width of the entire tooth, root and pulp were performed on maxillary central incisors and the different ratios were calculated according to the Kvaal method. The correlation between age and ratios was also assessed. Age estimated using the Kvaal formula was compared to the chronological age. A linear regression equation was developed using ratios and age predictive factors to evaluate the accuracy of the Kvaal formula.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, a total of 102 radiographs of 102 subjects, of whom 55 (53.9%) were females, were analyzed. The median age was 51 years (inter-quartile range [IQR] 41- 58). Using the Kvaal formula, the Standard error of the estimated age was higher in the African melanoderma population compared to the Kvaal population. The new formula derived from that of the Kvaal formula was developed and applied to our study population (Age = 84.7- 114.2 (M) - 29.4 (W - L) gave more than double the standard error of estimated age by Kvaal (26.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that the measurements made by Kvaal are reproducible with CBCT and there is a correlation between age and the dental parameters studied. However, the age estimation formula determined by Kvaal et al. is not valid for African melanoderma subjects living in Côte d'Ivoire.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 1","pages":"2-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10228187/pdf/JFOS-40-1-02.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9552463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of radiomorphometrics indexes of the mandible for age estimation in adults.","authors":"M Piña-D Abreu,&nbsp;A I Ortega-Pertuz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>the mandible undergoes changes in morphology and density related to the aging process. These changes are measured by radiomorphometric indices that allow inferring bone density indirectly. Also, the age estimation process in adults is challenging since the modifications in the anatomical structures are gradual and require long intervals of time to be noticeable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>this study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of radiomoformometric indices of the mandible in age estimation in adults. The sample consisted of 230 digital panoramic radiographs of individuals of both genders (115 men and 115 women), with chronological ages between 20 and 81 years, where radiomorphometric indices were obtained in the premolar region and the mandible ramus, using the software ImageJ. An analysis of variance was conducted considering individuals' gender and age group classification categories with Tukey's post hoc test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>a downward trend was observed in means indices values for the older age groups, showing lower values for females. Based on the interaction detected between gender and age groups, multiple regression models were applied to estimate age. These showed a better adjustment for males between 50 and 59 years (R2=82,85%) and males over 60 (R2=80,16%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the radiomorphometric indices used in this study allowed to infer age from 50 years onwards in males.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 1","pages":"20-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10228190/pdf/JFOS-40-1-20.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9549489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of mandibular anatomical structures in sexual dimorphism in Turkish population: a radiomorphometric CBCT study.","authors":"G B Senol,&nbsp;M K Tuncer,&nbsp;N Nalcaci,&nbsp;K C Aydin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex determination is one of the primary concerns of forensic science. The cranial bones, pelvis, and mandible have been used for determining the sex of specimens. Because the mandible is robust and sexually dimorphic, studies have evaluated its metric and morphological traits. This study was designed as a retrospective study involving cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images to assess sexual dimorphism of the mandible in the Turkish population. Total sample group consisted of 176 bimaxillary CBCT scans (71 males and 102 females; ages 19-67 years). Sixteen mandibular parameters were measured using two different software programmes. Measurements were recorded in various planes of three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the scans. All parameters aside from SIMaCD were found to be statistically significant. The highest diagnostic accuracy rate was associated with IMaF, and the overall accuracy rate of the fourteen parameters was found to be 80%.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"40 1","pages":"53-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10228188/pdf/JFOS-40-1-53.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9549496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}