Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology最新文献

{"title":"Accuracy of two dental age estimation methods in the Indian population - A meta-analysis of published studies.","authors":"H Prasad,&nbsp;N Kala","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental age estimation using radiographic methods have gained considerable attention in the recent past. Although several such methods exist, Demirjian's method and Willems' method are very popular and have been used extensively. Whether these methods are applicable to the Indian population is not known.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of Pubmed, Embase and Google Scholar search engines was done using specific keywords to identify studies using Demirjian's and Willems' methods in the Indian population. Studies published up to July 2018 were considered, and after thorough review, 20 eligible studies were identified. Meta-analysis of data obtained from these articles was conducted on 3668 children for Demirjian's method and 3144 children for Willems' method. The weighted mean differences for both of these methods at 95% confidence intervals were assessed to identify the accuracy of each method in predicting the chronological age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demirjian's method was found to consistently overestimate the age in Indian population, irrespective of the gender. The overestimation was in the order of few months. Willems' method resulted in underestimation of the age, although this was comparatively minimal in the order of 30 to 40 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Willems' method produced more accurate age which was very close to the chronological age, both in boys and girls. In contrast, Demirjian's method suffered from marked overestimation. Willems' method appears to be more suited to use in the Indian population.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"2-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7442963/pdf/JFOS-37-3-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9456057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient autonomy as a necessary but limited ethical principle in shaping the dentist-patient relationship.","authors":"J Vm Welie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Today, the ethical and legal organization of the therapeutic relationship is determined in large extent by the principle of respect for patient autonomy or self-determination. From it, the patient derives important legally enforceable rights, most notably the right to consent to (or refuse) any proposed dental treatment. And yet, historically and indeed by its very nature, this principle is actually foreign to the health care context. Patients do not seek to defend themselves against their dentists in the same way that citizens need protection against a potentially tyrannical government. We will argue that the principle of patient autonomy sets important legal boundaries to the therapeutic relationship. But it does little to cement the relationship itself. Rather, it is the ethical principles of beneficence and non-maleficence that structure the dentist-patient relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"34-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7442962/pdf/JFOS-37-3-34.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9456058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital tooth reconstruction: An innovative approach in forensic odontology.","authors":"A Johnson,&nbsp;G Jani,&nbsp;A Pandey,&nbsp;N Patel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In mass disasters, accidents and crime investigations, where human remains are decomposed, charred or skeletonized, teeth may dislodge due to post-mortem loss or due to mishandling of evidence during the manipulation of skeletal and dental remains. Thus, the identification process is hampered due to the loss of dental evidence. In these situations, forensic tooth reconstruction may aid in the identification process. Forensic tooth reconstruction (FTR) refers to the process that aims to reconstruct the morphology of the missing tooth from the skeletal remains from the intra-alveolar morphology of the dental socket. The study is an innovative attempt to develop a digital approach to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) printed tooth models through recording intra-alveolar morphology of empty dental sockets which simulate the teeth which are missing post-mortem. An experimental study was conducted on the human mandible, where using volumetric scanning, 3D scanning and printing techniques the tooth was reconstructed from the intra-alveolar morphology of the socket. Through metric analysis and qualitative congruency testing it was established that there was minimal discrepancy between natural tooth and 3D printed tooth. It was determined that teeth missing post-mortem do not necessarily invalidate the identification process. Digital FTR gives accurate results with minimum error.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"12-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7442960/pdf/JFOS-37-3-12.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9456055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the dental treatment backlog of people with disabilities in Europe.","authors":"I Phlypo,&nbsp;L Janssens,&nbsp;E Palmers,&nbsp;D Declerck,&nbsp;L Marks","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present research aims at reviewing the oral health conditions and treatment needs of people with disabilities in Europe.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Medline and Embase with a timeframe from January 2008 until December 2017. Subsequently, a citation tracking was undertaken. Articles in English, French and Dutch were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-two articles were included. A variety of oral health problems and treatment needs was reported. More untreated carious lesions, less restorations, a higher number of extractions and less prosthetic rehabilitations were seen in people with disabilities compared with other individuals without disabilities. The oral hygiene level and the periodontal conditions were poor. Moreover, a higher risk of dental trauma, orthodontic problems and tooth wear were reported.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Different determinants contribute to the oral health condition and treatment needs of people with disabilities. These determinants can be inherent in persons with a disability (biological factors), their lifestyle, the environment or the organization of oral health care. A treatment backlog was a common finding in people with disabilities. However, results need to be interpreted with caution because of the variety of people with disabilities included in this literature review. Proposed solutions can be put at the level of daily oral care, through oral health promotion programs and the creation of a supportive environment, but also at the level of dental attendance, facilitating the access to oral health care services and focusing the training of dental students and dentists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive review clearly shows a dental treatment backlog in people with disabilities. Solutions require efforts from the caregivers and dental professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"42-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7442961/pdf/JFOS-37-3-42.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9463392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the third molar maturity index (I3M): study of a Dominican Republic sample.","authors":"L Gómez Jiménez,&nbsp;L A Velandia Palacio,&nbsp;S De Luca,&nbsp;Y Ramirez Vasquez,&nbsp;M Corominas Capellán,&nbsp;R Cameriere","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study aims to test the third molar maturity index (I3M) cut-off value of 0.08 for 18 years old in Dominican Republic population. Orthopantomograms of 513 subjects (284 females and 229 males) were evaluated, intra- and inter-observer agreement, ICC (intra-class correlation coefficient) values were 0.88% (95 % CI 0.86% to 0.91%), and 0.93% (95% CI 0.90% to 0.96%), for the intra- and inter-observer reliability, respectively. Accuracy in females was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93-0.97); the sensitivity was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.96-0.99) and specificity was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.86-0.95). In males, the accuracy was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93-0.98); the sensitivity was 0.94 (95% CI: 0.88-0.97) and specificity was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.95-0.99). The PPV (Positive Predictive Value) was 0.93 for females and 0.99 for males. The results of this study show that I3M can be used for discriminating adults from minors in Dominican Republic subjects around the legal age of 18 years old.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 3","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7442959/pdf/JFOS-37-3-27.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9463391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxytocin injection quality in Ethiopia: a post-marketing surveillance study in public and private facilities across three regions","authors":"Pete Lambert, Tri-Hung Nguyen, Victoria L Oliver, Andrew J L McArthur, C. Goodall, A. Teklu, Bikila Bayissa, Zelalem Mamo, Betregiorgis Hailu Zegeye, M. Mcintosh","doi":"10.29392/joghr.3.e2019081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29392/joghr.3.e2019081","url":null,"abstract":"# Background\u0000\u0000The high prevalence of poor quality essential medicines in low and middle income countries (LMIC) presents considerable risks in terms of both health outcomes and economic cost. Oxytocin injection, the gold standard therapy for management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), presents a particular challenge in this area. Recent studies in India, Nigeria and DRC have identified product failure rates, in terms of low drug content, to be 41%, 74% and 80% respectively. Ethiopia bears a high burden of PPH with over 40% of maternal deaths being directly attributed to haemorrhagic causes. This study assessed the quality of oxytocin injection at points in the public and private supply chains to support national efforts to address PPH in Ethiopia.\u0000\u0000# Methods\u0000\u0000This study sampled oxytocin injection ampoules from 45 sites across Oromia, Afar regions and the administrative area of Addis Ababa. This included points along the public supply chain from the national point of entry for supplies through regional hubs to points of use (public and private facilities) in urban and rural areas. Collected samples were stored under refrigerated conditions until analysis for oxytocin content, known degradation products and microbiological quality.\u0000\u0000# Results\u0000\u0000Ninety-six percent of ampoules passed all tests, while two samples (4%) contained less than the specified oxytocin content. Both samples were collected from rural facilities in Afar, a remote, poorly resourced region with a very hot climate. All supplies collected were sourced from European stringent regulatory approved (SRA) suppliers and, where storage conditions could be determined, approximately 95% of samples were stored in the refrigerator at the time of collection.\u0000\u0000# Conclusions\u0000\u0000The study indicates that oxytocin injection in the selected regions is generally of high quality and being stored appropriately. The failed samples detected in Afar suggest challenges remain around maintenance of refrigerated storage in least resourced settings. These findings contrast with recent results in other African countries and support the joint World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children Fund/United Nations Population Fund statement that the availability of high quality oxytocin injection at the point of use is dependent on procurement of supplies from manufacturers approved by WHO or SRAs and storage at 2-8°C throughout the supply chain.","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"5 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72538898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cheiloscopy in individuals with Down syndrome and their nonsyndromic biological siblings.","authors":"L C Cardoso Fernandes, J de Araújo Oliveira, P M Rabello, B M Santiago, M V Diniz de Carvalho, E P Soriano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aimed to carry out a comparative analysis between the lip print patterns in individuals with Down Syndrome and their nonsyndromic biological siblings. This was a cross-sectional blind study using an inductive approach and extensive direct observation procedures. A total of 68 cheiloscopic charts, named cheilograms, were divided into two groups (n=34), as follows: G1, including Down Syndrome individuals; and G2, including their nonsyndromic siblinggs. The convenience sample was selected in the city of João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. The following features were evaluated in eight labial regions called sub-quadrants: oral commissures (downturned, horizontal and upturned); lip thickness (thin, medium, thick and mixed); and labial grooves (I - complete vertical; I '- incomplete vertical; II - bifurcated; III - criss-cross; IV - reticular; or V - undefined). The data were analyzed by paired Student's t test and McNemar's Chi-square, with a 5% significance level. Most Down Syndrome individuals were found to have downturned oral commissures in 73.5% of cases, while their siblings showed a predominance of horizontal commissures in 73.5% of cases (p=0.009). There was no statistically significant difference for lip thickness between groups. In the analysis of labial groove patterns, Down Syndrome individuals (G1) showed a significant prevalence of the type I pattern (52.2%) as compared to their nonsyndromic siblings (30.1%) (p =< 0.001). Due to the tendency of having vertical labial groove patterns and downturned commissures, Down Syndrome individuals present cheiloscopic differences in relation to their nonsyndromic biological siblings, which suggests that syndromic genetics influences the development of these features. However, this may imply in a reduced potential of cheiloscopic identification due to the low divergence of labial phenotypes among Down Syndrome individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 2","pages":"9-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6981355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140308491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical violence against children and adolescents in Recife: a 5-year retrospective study.","authors":"H G Vidal,&nbsp;I M Caldas,&nbsp;A de França Caldas,&nbsp;L G Toledo de Miranda Coelho,&nbsp;E H Alvim de Souza,&nbsp;M L Pereira","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to analyze the prevalence results of physical violence against children and adolescents in a 5-year period in Recife, Brazil. Inter-personal violence is one of the most recognizable forms of child aggression and has become as an imperative public health issue. All violence related forensic reports performed between 2009 and 2013 in the clinical services of the Institute of Legal Medicine Antônio Percivo Cunha were analyzed. Victims were classified according to sex, age, relationship with perpetrator, injuries and year of occurrence. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS (version 22.0). Continuous variables were described and when appropriate, frequencies were displayed and compared. The association between variables was evaluated using chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The margin of error for the statistical tests was 5.0%. A total of 9783 occurrences were evaluated, involving mainly male subjects (n=5447, 55.7%). Victims' mean age was 13.9 years, the most common perpetrators were victims' acquaintances (n=2538, 25.9%). Facial injuries were the most frequent affecting a little over a fifth of the total sample (n=3673, 20.1%). These findings support the important role dentists can play in identifying and reporting physical violence against children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 1","pages":"20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6875244/pdf/JFOS-37-1-20.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37319142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tooth crown mesiodistal measurements for the determination of sexual dimorphism across a range of populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"P R da Silva,&nbsp;M C Lopes,&nbsp;I E Martins-Filho,&nbsp;M G Haye Biazevic,&nbsp;E Michel-Crosato","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine whether the tooth crown sexual dimorphism pattern reported in previous small studies can be generalized for a broader range of populations.</p><p><strong>Literature review: </strong>A systematic literature review was performed by two independent examiners. The following databases were searched from October 2015 to July 2016: PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, ScienceDirect, Medline, and Cochrane Reviews. No language restrictions were applied to the search.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>The inclusion criteria comprised original studies investigating mesiodistal permanent teeth that reported the sample population and standard deviation. All right-sided teeth, except the third molars, were measured and separated by sex in the included studies. Thirty-one studies were included in the quantitative data synthesis and meta-analysis. Studies of non-human teeth, skeletal remains, or an overly specific study population were excluded.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>Thirty-one trials, involving 6481 participants, provided data for the meta-analysis of teeth. Sexual dimorphism in mesiodistal crowns was found in all teeth across a range of populations, principally in lower canines (5.73%) and maxillary canines (4.72%), followed by the lower second molars (3.54%) and upper second molars(3.20%), and finally in the lower first molars(3.14%) and upper first molars(2.64%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A small degree of sexual dimorphism exists in all human teeth. Second molars and canines show the greatest sexual dimorphism. Additionally, smaller racial differences are present in mesiodistal crowns among groups living in different geographic areas; however, it is not possible to establish a single value applicable for all populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 1","pages":"2-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6875240/pdf/JFOS-37-1-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37319141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The tongue protrusion in post-mortem fire.","authors":"I Bianchi,&nbsp;M Focardi,&nbsp;V Bugelli,&nbsp;B Gualco,&nbsp;F Pradella,&nbsp;V Pinchi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burned bodies raise relevant issues for forensic patologist and odontologist both for the identification and the cause of death and possible vital burning.. The tongue protrusion is regularly investigated for the death caused by strangulation or hanging, whilst seems to be overlooked in case of charred remains as the significance of this sign is still discussed. Different mechanims are hypothized in literature to explain the toungue protrusion both for vital and non-vital burning. This paper retrospectively evaluates some cases of carbonized corpses examined at the Forensic Pathology service of the University of Florence. The tongue protrusion shows a high occurrence both in vital (100%) and non-vital fires (66%). The involvement of a forensic odontologist in the cadaver examination result to be limited to one third of the cases. In two non-vital cases the tongue was described as protruded and clenched between the dental arches. The rigor of the genioglossus induced by the heat could explain the phenomenon. Further research on fire fatalities is required to analyze the tongue bleeding as a possible parameter to discriminate the vital by the non-vital tongue protrusion. Moreover, the mechanism at the origin of vital and non-vital tongue protrusion, the different position of the tongue (protruded from an open mouth, protruded and clenched between the dental arches, etc.) in different death circumstances, should be furtherly investigated with a meaningful collaboration between forensic pathologists and odontologists for a complete registration and interpretation of all the mouth originated evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"37 1","pages":"26-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6875242/pdf/JFOS-37-1-26.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37319143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}