Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology最新文献

{"title":"Radiographic evaluation of dental and cervical vertebral development for age estimation in a young Brazilian population","authors":"A de Cassia Silva Azevedo,&nbsp;E Michel-Crosato,&nbsp;M G Haye Biazevic","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age estimation is guided by the evaluation of events that happen during the processes of bone and dental development. The purpose of this study was to validate the method of age estimation proposed by Lajolo et al. (2013) through oro-cervical radiographic indices in Brazilians. The study aimed to verify the effectiveness of age estimation equations through dental and cervical vertebrae examinations, in addition to including dental and cervical vertebrae data in new age estimation equations. The sample consisted of panoramic radiographs and teleradiographs from 510 subjects (8-24.9 years). Age estimation methods were applied by assessing the development of seven mandibular teeth, cervical vertebrae and third molars. Techniques used previously have been combinations of radiographic indices: Oro-Cervical Radiographic Simplified Score (OCRSS) and Oro-Cervical Radiographic Simplified Score without Wisdom Teeth (OCRSSWWT). In the second phase of the study, dental maturation, vertebral measurements, and real age were estimated by regression equations. OCRSS and OCRSSWWT had success rates of 67.4% (R2=0.64) and 70.8% (R2=0.62), respectively. When age estimation equations for tooth evaluations were applied, the average error was 1.3 years, and for cervical vertebrae measurements, the error was 1.9 years. When dental variables and the measurements of cervical vertebrae were included, the average error of equations was 1.0 year. Radiographic indices were easy to perform, and after adequate training, are reliable and can be used in forensic practice. The use of the new equations presented in this study is recommended because including cervical vertebrae and dental data provides greater accuracy for age estimation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"36 2","pages":"31-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626535/pdf/JFOS-36-2-31.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36922474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of determining the age of majority: a comparison between measurement of open apices of third molars and Demirjian stages.","authors":"P Sharma,&nbsp;V Wadhwan,&nbsp;N Sharma","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study examines the open apices of third molars indiscriminating between individuals who are or are not 18 years of age or older and to assign a cut-off for estimation of the age of 18 years. Furthermore, this method was compared to those based on Demirjian's stages 8 and 9.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Orthopantomographs (OPGs) of 1062 individuals (14 and 23 years) were assessed, to verify Cameriere's third molar maturity index (I3M). The apical ends of the roots of the left mandibular third molar were analysed. Mineralization of the third molar was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A cut-off value of I3M =0.08 was taken. The sensitivity of this test was 70.76% and specificity was 82%. The results of the test showed a better specificity for Stage 9 and better sensitivity for stage 8 for adult age. Accuracy was 74.58% for third molar maturity index as compared to 72.41% for stage 9.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"36 2","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626538/pdf/JFOS-36-2-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36922541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colour stability of dental restorative materials submitted to conditions of burial and drowning, for forensic purposes.","authors":"S A de Freitas Vincenti,&nbsp;R C Biancalana,&nbsp;R H Alves da Silva,&nbsp;F De Carvalho Panzeri Pires-de-Souza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of earth and water on the colour stability of tooth-coloured dental restorative materials: composite resin (CR) and glass ionomer cement (GIC). Aiming to distinguish between one and another tooth-coloured material and to estimate the period in which they could be submitted to the factors earth and water, the proposed method may contribute to the proceedings of human identification of victims of burial and submersion in water. Forty bovine incisors were prepared (6 x 6 x 2mm) and restored with CR FiltekTM Z250 XT (3M ESPETM) and GIC KetacTM Fil Plus (3M ESPETM). After initial colour read-outs (VITATM Easyshade spectrophotometer), the samples were separated into two groups (n=10), according to the conditions to which they were submitted: simulations of burying and submersion in water, for periods of 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, when new read-outs were taken. The values of colour change (ΔE, ΔL*, Δa*, and Δb*) were subjected to 3-way ANOVA statistical analysis, repeated measures, Bonferroni (p<.05), and it was verified that both factors produced colour changes in the restorative materials, which were higher for glass ionomer cement (p<.05) after 12 months of burial, and 6 months of submersion in water. The authors concluded that the analysis of colour change in the material contributed to the forensic odontology casework depending on the time during which the victim was submitted to the condition of burial or submersion in water.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"36 2","pages":"20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626536/pdf/JFOS-36-2-20.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36922473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of age estimation in 6-21 year old South Indian population - A comparative analysis of clinical and radiographic methods.","authors":"S Periyakaruppan,&nbsp;M A Meundi,&nbsp;C M David","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unavailability of chronological age brings to the forefront the importance of age estimation for human identification. Dental age is routinely assessed based on the calcification stages and/or the eruption of teeth, which exhibit wide variations amongst different ethnic groups. The current study aimed at estimating the dental ages in 384 South Indian subjects aged 6-21 years, using clinical and radiographic methods and comparing the predictive accuracy of these two dental age estimation methods. For the estimation of age by clinical method, Foti and co-workers' mathematical Model 2 was employed and for the radiographic method, Chaillet and Demirjian's method with Acharya's Indian formula was used. The clinical method yielded a mean error in the range of -3.16 to 4.07 years and -1.83 to 4.32 years among male and female subjects respectively whereas the radiographic method yielded an error of -9.52 to 1.96 years among males and an error of -10.72 to 2.66 years in females. The mean absolute error for the entire sample obtained by clinical method was 0.80 years and by radiographic method was 0.89 years. We found that the clinical method had a better accuracy in estimating dental age of children and adolescents when compared to the radiographic method in South Indian (Karnataka) population. However, the difference between the two is negligible implying that either of the methods can be employed in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"36 2","pages":"10-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626537/pdf/JFOS-36-2-10.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36922542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palate shape and size and palatal rugae morphology of children with anterior open bite and normal vertical overbite.","authors":"H Alvarez-Solarte,&nbsp;V Sierra-Alzate,&nbsp;J Sánchez-Garzón,&nbsp;P Botero-Mariaca","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine differences between open bite and normal vertical overbite regarding distribution, size and clinical appearance of palatal rugae, depth and length of the palate, intercanine and intermolar widths and arch perimeter.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was performed in 264 superior models were studied with a 3D analysis system. A total of 132 individuals with AOB and 132 individuals with normal vertical overbite were evaluated, chosen from public schools with ages between 8 and 16 years. Palatal anthropometric features were evaluated. Qualitative analysis of palatal rugae was performed, exploring the shape, direction, unification and sensitivity of the palate. The Mann Whitney and Chi Square tests were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age was 11.37 ± 2.27 years for normal overbite and 11.87 for anterior open bite, with 54.9% of women. No significant differences were found between subjects with AOB and subjects with normal vertical overbite regarding intermolar or intercanine width. The maxillary length and depth and the height and width of palatal rugae were lower in the AOB group. The most common rugae shapes were curved and wavy, predominating in the horizontal direction with a parallel distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Qualitative evaluation demonstrated asymmetry in the shape, direction and unification of rugae in both groups. Most arch measurements were greater in individuals with AOB.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"36 1","pages":"34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6195941/pdf/JFOS-36-1-34.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40531159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and gender related changes of salivary total protein levels for forensic application.","authors":"D Bhuptani,&nbsp;S Kumar,&nbsp;M Vats,&nbsp;R Sagav","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saliva is one of the most commonly encountered biological fluids found at the crime scene. Forensic science including forensic odontology is focused on the positive identification of individuals. The salivary protein profiling can help in personalization by the changes associated with age throughout life and gender. These changes also seem to vary with the dietary habits, environmental factors and geographical areas. Thus, the aim of present study is to estimate these changes in salivary total protein concentration and profiling in individuals of Gujarat, India. The association of total protein concentration and protein content with the age, gender, tooth eruption, functions of the protein and its physiological significance are also intended for study in this population. One hundred unstimulated whole saliva samples from study subjects of Gujarat population were collected and grouped based on age and gender. Total protein concentration was determined by Bradford assay; also protein was separated and analyzed using Sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE). T Test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. The concentration of Total Protein was found to be between 2-4 mg/ml. It showed a positive correlation with age and gender. It can be concluded more protein bands were prominently present in the adolescents group followed by children and lastly in the adults groups.More high (more than 80 kDa) and low (less than 30 kDa) molecular weight proteins are seen in children and adolescents than adults. SDS PAGE allowed identification and comparison of group variabilities in protein profiles. The total salivary protein showed an association between the parameters under this study which will aid in the individual identification in the field of forensics.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"36 1","pages":"26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6195944/pdf/JFOS-36-1-26.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40439449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The applicability of the original and revised Demirjian standards to age estimations of 5-15 year old Indian children.","authors":"S Hegde,&nbsp;A Patodia,&nbsp;U Dixit","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Demirjian method has been the most widely tested method for the estimation of the dental age of children and adolescents. However, only three studies have compared Demirjian's original and revised seven-tooth methods, four-tooth method and alternate four-tooth method, none of them conducted on an Indian population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present study aimed to compare the applicability of the original and revised seven-tooth and four-tooth and alternate four-tooth standards for age estimation of 1200 Indian children aged 5-15 years old.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Demirjian's original seven-tooth method overestimated age by 0.64 ± 1.44, 0.75 ± 1.50 and 0.69 ± 1.46 years in boys, girls and the total sample, respectively. Demirjian's revised seven-tooth method overestimated age by + 0.24 ± 0.80, + 0.11 ± 0.81 and + 0.19 ± 0.80 years in boys, girls and the total sample, respectively. Demirjian's original four-tooth method overestimated age by 0.79 ± 1.59, 0.59 ± 2.77 and 0.72 ± 2.30 years in boys, girls and the total sample, respectively. Demirjian's alternate four-tooth method overestimated age by 1.31 ± 1.07, 1.20 ± 1.10 and 1.26 ± 1.08 years in boys, girls and the total sample, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between dental and chronological ages with all methods (p <0.001).  Significant gender-based differences were observed only with Demirjian's revised seven-tooth and original four-tooth methods (p <0.05).  Conclusion: The revised seven-tooth standards most accurately predicted the age of the study sample (mean prediction error = 2.28 months), followed by the original seven-tooth, four-tooth and alternate four-tooth standards. The Demirjian original seven-tooth method was significantly more accurate in boys compared to girls, while the reverse was true for the Demirjian revised seven-tooth and original four-tooth methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6195945/pdf/JFOS-36-1-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40531172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality assurance in forensic odontology","authors":"T Solheim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quality assurance or quality control is a term and concept coming from the industry. Here it is most important. All products must have a minimum quality and variation in size, for example, must be kept within certain strict limits. There must be a system to control this. May be not every single product is controlled, but spot tests must be taken. Measures must be taken to improve the quality if it is not good enough. This concept has been transferred to medicine, odontology, and consequently also to forensic odontology. These areas have in common with industry the production of that certain products. However, they are usually handmade and not produced in an industrial process. In addition, dentistry is a great deal of art and judgement and quality control of these factors may be difficult. In this paper, I will focus on forensic odontology. What are the problems? What can we do and cannot do? In addition, how can we assure the quality of the work, the assessment and conclusion, and the report? I have some personal opinions on that and I will give some suggestions. Quality assurance on an international level is difficult. Conditions and juridical systems are different in different countries. Especially forensic odontologists are different and have different opinions. This presentation will be relevant to the ongoing discussion and attempts at revising the IOFOS' guidelines for quality assurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"36 1","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6195942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40552129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extra-oral dental radiography for disaster victims using a flat panel X-ray detector and a hand-held X-ray generator.","authors":"M Ohtani, T Oshima, S Mimasaka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Forensic odontologists commonly incise the skin for post-mortem dental examinations when it is difficult to open the victim's mouth. However, it is prohibited by law to incise dead bodies without permission in Japan. Therefore, we attempted using extra-oral dental radiography, using a digital X-ray equipment with rechargeable batteries, to overcome this restriction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A phantom was placed in the prone position on a table, and three plain dental radiographs were used per case: \"lateral oblique radiographs\" for left and right posterior teeth and a \"contact radiograph\" for anterior teeth were taken using a flat panel X-ray detector and a hand-held X-ray generator. The resolving power of the images was measured by a resolution test chart, and the scattered X-ray dose was measured using an ionization chamber-type survey meter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resolving power of the flat panel X-ray detector was 3.0 lp/mm, which was less than that of intra-oral dental methods, but the three extra-oral plain dental radiographs provided the overall dental information from outside of the mouth, and this approach was less time-consuming. In addition, the higher dose of scattered X-rays was laterally distributed, but the dose per case was much less than that of intra-oral dental radiographs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extra-oral plain dental radiography can be used for disaster victim identification by dental methods even when it is difficult to open the mouth. Portable and rechargeable devices, such as a flat panel X-ray detector and a hand-held X-ray generator, are convenient to bring and use anywhere, even at a disaster scene lacking electricity and water.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"35 2","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6100224/pdf/JFOS-35-2-28.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35779891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of agenesis of frontal sinus in human skulls with metopism.","authors":"L Batista Sandre,&nbsp;M B Viandelli Mundim-Picoli,&nbsp;F Fortes Picoli,&nbsp;L G Rodrigues,&nbsp;J M Bueno,&nbsp;R Ferreira da Silva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The frontal bone is an anatomical structure of the skull separated by the metopic suture in the childhood. The scientific literature indicates that metopic suture consolidates with closure in the early stages of life. Metopism is the term used to describe a metopic suture that persists up to the adulthood. Persistent metopic suture is associated potentially with the agenesis of the frontal sinus.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of absent frontal sinuses in dry skulls with metopism.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present study was performed after the approval of the local Committee of Ethics in Research. The sample consisted of dry skulls (n=245), aging between 17 and 50 years old, of the Forensic Medical Institute of Goiânia, Brazil. The skulls underwent anthropological exam in the search for metopism. Radiographic exam was performed in the skulls with metopism to verify the presence or absence of the frontal sinus. The radiographic assessment was performed with a Mobile DaRt Evolution device (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) with protocol set in 64 kV and 16 mA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the 245 dry skulls, 17 presented metopism. The length of the metopic suture in the skulls, considering the distances between nasio and bregma craniometric landmarks, ranged between 114 mm and 137 mm. Radiographic exams were performed on 16 skulls (one skull was not analysed radiographically because of extensive destruction). Only one skull (6.25%) had the frontal sinus absent. Besides the agenesis, the present study also found four (12.5%) skulls with aplasia and eight (25.0%) hyperplasia of the frontal sinus in dry skulls with metopism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study found a low prevalence rate of the agenesis of frontal sinuses in dry skulls with metopism.</p>","PeriodicalId":35728,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Forensic Odonto-Stomatology","volume":"35 2","pages":"20-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6100220/pdf/JFOS-35-2-20.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35779890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}