Journal of Environmental Management最新文献

{"title":"Trace of change: How stigmergy maps social learning loops in Companion Modeling through participatory simulation","authors":"François Vendel ,&nbsp;Oleksandr Zaitsev ,&nbsp;Pierre Bommel ,&nbsp;Ibra Touré ,&nbsp;Jean-Daniel Cesaro ,&nbsp;Penda Diop ,&nbsp;Marieme Fall Ba ,&nbsp;Tamsir Mbaye ,&nbsp;Etienne Delay","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored integrating stigmergy in Companion Modeling (ComMod) to enhance social learning loops (SLL) in participatory natural resource management. Taking a case study from the Ferlo region of Senegal, the research focuses on how stigmergy – a concept derived from biology involving indirect coordination through environmental traces – stimulates and documents cognitive, normative, and relational changes among stakeholders. By leaving digital traces during the iterative development of an Agent-Based Model (ABM), stigmergy support participants in co-constructing the model representing local agro-sylvo-pastoral dynamics. The paper highlights the role of stigmergy in fostering trust, knowledge sharing, and collaboration among diverse stakeholders and research team in a ComMod process, helping to refine the collective strategies aimed at sustainable land management. This research showed that stigmergic imprints can be used as a tool for monitor how learning and model development evolve during iterative modeling workshops, contributing to more adaptive and resilient resource governance strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125292"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly (sodium acrylate-acrylamide) hydrogels for enrichment and purification of microalgal biomass in an open system: performance optimization and mechanistic analysis","authors":"Cong-Cong Tang ,&nbsp;Yong-Qi Cheng ,&nbsp;Sheng-Long Chen ,&nbsp;Ya-Ru Hu ,&nbsp;Zhang-Wei He ,&nbsp;Zhi-Hua Li ,&nbsp;Yu Tian ,&nbsp;Xiaochang C. Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Super adsorbent polymer gels can be utilized in microalgal culture systems to concentrate and harvest microalgal biomass through water absorption. In open microalgal culture systems, however, bacteria and other non-algal impurities may affect the water absorption efficiency of the hydrogels and the quality of harvested microalgae. This study prepared and tested hydrogels synthesized with varying sodium acrylate (SA) and acrylamide (AM) ratios in open systems to evaluate their biomass harvesting efficacy. Results showed that when W_SA:W_AM = 10:0, the chlorophyll <em>a</em> (Chl-a) concentration in the harvested microalgal biomass increased by 417.9 %, the Chl-a/VSS ratio increased by 3.7 %, and the concentration of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) decreased by 9.5 % compared to the pre-harvest period. Additionally, the number of bacteria adsorbed in the hydrogel particles also significantly increased. It indicates that the poly (sodium acrylate-acrylamide) (PSA-AM) hydrogel absorbed both water and non-algal impurities, achieving both concentration and purification of microalgal biomass. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the pore size and ratio of the PSA-AM hydrogel acted as a sieve, separating microalgal cells from other substances such as water, EPS, and bacterial cells. Given that EPS and bacterial cells are more hydrophilic compared to microalgal cells, it may explain that the hydrogel particles absorbed water while also capturing EPS and bacterial cells. Moreover, the PSA-AM hydrogel exhibited superior reusability. In conclusion, this study provides valuable data and a theoretical basis for the application of PSA-AM hydrogel in open microalgal culture systems, which could further promote the purification of PSA-AM in microalgal biomass utilization by optimizing the preparation of hydrogels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125489"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of gully erosion susceptibility through the lens of the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method using a stacking ensemble model","authors":"Jeongho Han ,&nbsp;Jorge A. Guzman ,&nbsp;Maria L. Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops a novel explainable stacking ensemble model that combines the stacked generalization ensemble method with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to enhance the prediction and interpretation of gully erosion susceptibility. Applied to Jefferson County, Illinois, our approach leverages Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Logistic Regression (LR), and Deep Neural Networks (DNN) as both base and meta-learners in various configurations, resulting in 44 distinct stacking models. The comparative analysis demonstrated the superior predictive performance of the stacked models when evaluated at 200 randomly gully sites selected points based on LiDAR difference observations; all but three exceeded the highest area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.86 achieved by the best-performing base model (GBM). The LR stacking model, combining RF and GBM as base models with LR as the meta-learner, emerged as the most effective, achieving an AUC of 0.916. The resulting gully erosion susceptibility map by the LR stacking model classified 33 % of the agricultural land (89,208 ha) as the “very high” class, compared to 27 %, 87 %, 27 %, and 55 % predicted by individual RF, LR, GBM, and DNN models, respectively. Crucially, SHAP analysis elucidated how changes in feature values influence model behavior, considering feature interactions within both the base models and the meta-learner. The SHAP identified the annual leaf area index (LAI) as the most influential feature in both RF and GBM base models. Additionally, it highlights the significance of the GBM model in comparison to the RF base model in the final decision-making process of the stacking model. By offering a transparent mechanism to evaluate how different features and models contribute to final decisions, this approach can be extended to broader environmental management and policy-making contexts, facilitating more informed and responsible resource allocation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125478"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial substitution of rice straw with biochar alters soil microbial biomass phosphorus and turnover by regulating carbon:phosphorus stoichiometry","authors":"Shuai Ding ,&nbsp;Junhui Yin ,&nbsp;Qimei Lin ,&nbsp;Qing Chen ,&nbsp;Zhongzhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) and its turnover play a crucial role in crop phosphorus (P) nutrition. However, the response of MBP to organic amendments, especially under the combined application of biochar and straw in Oxisols remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of substituting rice straw with different biochar proportions (0 %, 10 %, 30 %, and 50 %) on soil CO₂ emissions, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and MBP content, their turnover parameters and carbon:phosphorus (C:P) stoichiometry during a 60-day incubation. The results showed that 10 % biochar substitution did not alter MBP content but decreased MBP flux and turnover rate, consequently prolonging turnover time. In contrast, higher biochar substitution rates (30 % and 50 %) increased MBP content by 7.37 % and 5.71 %, respectively, and gradually recovered MBP turnover. Notably, these higher biochar ratios also significantly decreased dissolved C:P and microbial C:P ratios, exacerbating C:P stoichiometric imbalance. The partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) indicated the MBC:MBP ratio as the primary driver of microbial P immobilization and turnover, demonstrating a positive correlation with CO₂ emission rates. These results imply that strategic substitution of straw with biochar can increase potential soil P supply by enlarging MBP pools and accelerating MBP turnover, thereby improving crop P utilization efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125528"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological/physical particles interact to degrade marine oil spills","authors":"Ranran Dong ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinping Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Hu ,&nbsp;Junqing Sun ,&nbsp;Mutai Bao ,&nbsp;Haoshuai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>After marine oil spills, suspended physical particles and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by bacteria can aggregate with oil to form marine oil snow (MOS), which determines the vertical migration and biodegradation processes of the submerged oil. Here, we investigated the biodegradation of oil spills during the formation of MOS under different average energy dissipation rates (ε) and different ratios of particles. Furthermore, we elucidated the biodegradation mechanism of oil spills from a spatiotemporal perspective. The ε plays a major role (either promoting or inhibiting) in the biodegradation effect of oil spills, and there is a proportional threshold for biological/physical particles, which can regulate the ε′s effect on degradation. The oil-water interfacial tension, the encapsulation of oil droplets by particles, hydrogen bonds, and the vertical distribution of oil droplets (suspended or deposited) will also jointly affect the particles threshold on this basis, thereby influencing the biodegradation of oil spills. When the proportion of XG exceeds the threshold (kaolinite: XG = 1:3 at 150 rpm and 1:1 at 200 rpm), the originally promotive role of ε on <em>n</em>-alkane degradation shifts to inhibition, while its inhibition impact on PAHs biodegradation shifts to enhancement, respectively. Notably, in nearshore and extreme environments (storm or strong wave conditions), particles are more conducive to the degradation of <em>n</em>-alkanes and PAHs, respectively. This study will further broaden the research perspective on the environmental behavior of marine oil spills in the presence of MOS and providing a theoretical basis for predicting the fate of oil spills in nearshore environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125494"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing biomass into carbon-negative through dual-step approach: CO2-assisted pyrolysis and biochar-based CO2 adsorption","authors":"Jee Young Kim ,&nbsp;Taewoo Lee ,&nbsp;Hoyeon Cha,&nbsp;Hocheol Song,&nbsp;Eilhann E. Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To realize carbon negativity in the valorization of biomass waste, a dual-step approach was investigated: the CO₂-assisted pyrolysis of sugarcane bagasse and CO₂ adsorption using biochar. Energy (syngas) production from CO₂-assisted pyrolysis was higher than that from conventional pyrolysis (sugarcane bagasse pyrolyzed under N₂ conditions) because of the reaction between CO₂ and the volatiles liberated from the thermolysis of sugarcane bagasse. The use of catalysts promotes the reaction, thereby enhancing syngas generation. Because of CO₂ reaction participation during pyrolysis, 97.9 mg of CO₂ was consumed (per 1 g of sugarcane bagasse) in CO₂-assisted pyrolysis, whereas conventional pyrolysis emitted 132.5 mg of CO₂. The CO₂ adsorption capacity of biochar produced from conventional/CO₂-assisted pyrolysis was evaluated to assess its potential for direct air capture. The CO₂ adsorption capacity of the biochar produced from CO₂-assisted pyrolysis (74.86 mg g⁻¹) was higher than that of the biochar produced from conventional pyrolysis (70.35 mg g⁻¹) because of enhanced micropore development under CO₂ conditions. Given the annual generation of sugarcane bagasse (526 Mt), it was estimated that 60.0 Mt of CO₂ could be treated using this dual-step approach. The results of this study will contribute to the establishment of sustainable waste management, particularly in terms of carbon management. By combining CO₂ consumption during pyrolysis and enhancing the CO₂ adsorption capabilities of biochar, this approach offers a carbon-negative solution for biomass waste valorization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125484"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the controlling effect of biochar on heavy metals in the mining-induced subsidence area after gangue reclamation","authors":"Yingshun Li ,&nbsp;Yachao Guo ,&nbsp;Junmeng Li ,&nbsp;Liangchao Duan ,&nbsp;Yanli Huang ,&nbsp;Shenyang Ouyang ,&nbsp;Laiwei Wu ,&nbsp;Guiyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gangue reclamation materials employed in mining-induced subsidence areas have potential risks of heavy metal pollution to the mining environment. The agricultural waste biochar can be used as an adsorption material to control the migration of heavy metals. Based on the pore size, pore volume, and density of biochar, a microstructure of the heavy metal adsorption layer was randomly generated, and a numerical model for heavy metal migration and adsorption in the mining-induced subsidence area after gangue reclamation was constructed. The influence of adsorption layer thickness and material type on heavy metal migration and adsorption behavior was analyzed. The results show that the ratio of migration speed of heavy metals in the neutral zone, compression zone and tension zone is 12: 3: 38. In the absence of an adsorption layer, heavy metals tend to be more concentrated and migrate downward. The working cycles of the microstructure of cow manure biochar and Pleurotus ostreatus residue biochar are 10 s and 48 s. Under macroscopic conditions, the adsorption efficiency of heavy metals is higher than that under microscopic conditions, but its decreasing amplitude gradually decreases. Under the influence of a macroscopic high heavy metal concentration environment, the porous structure and large surface area of the biochar are fully utilized for adsorption, and the negative charges and functional groups inside are gradually occupied. This research provides a reference for the clean utilization of coal gangue and the ecological rehabilitation of mining areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125487"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate indicator-based flood hazard mapping using primary drivers of coastal flood for India","authors":"Sweta Singh ,&nbsp;Ankan Chakraborty ,&nbsp;Ravi Ranjan ,&nbsp;Subhankar Karmakar","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal regions are densely populated and economically vital but highly exposed to multiple hazard drivers, including cyclones, storm surges, high tides, and intense rainfall. The IPCC AR6 (2021) emphasizes the need to assess coastal hazards as multi-driver compound hazard events. India, with its extensive coastline of ∼11,098 km, is particularly prone to these drivers, necessitating a comprehensive multi-driver coastal flood hazard assessment. This study adopts an indicator-based approach employing Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) with three objective weight estimation methods: equal weighting, statistical entropy-based weighting, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA)-based weighting, to comprehensively assess coastal flood hazard across India's coastal districts. The key indicators of coastal flood hazard include the total number of cyclones, probable maximum storm surge, probable maximum wind speed, maximum tidal range, and extreme precipitation exceedance probability. Methodological comparisons reveal that entropy-based weighting emphasizes cyclone frequency due to high data dispersion, while PCA-based weighting provides a balanced assessment by capturing overall variance across indicators. The entropy-weighted TOPSIS reflects a more optimistic hazard scenario, whereas the PCA-weighted TOPSIS offers a more conservative perspective. Our findings indicate that North-eastern and North-western coastal districts are highly hazard-prone. Coastal districts in Odisha and West Bengal consistently exhibit high hazard levels across all decades studied, while Kerala and Tamil Nadu generally show low hazard levels. Extreme rainfall and high tides predominantly drive high hazard levels in Gujarat and Maharashtra, whereas frequent cyclones are the primary hazard drivers along the Bay of Bengal coast. These findings provide a scientific basis for region-specific flood mitigation strategies, guiding policymakers in optimizing resource allocation for enhancing coastal resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125477"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethylene stimulates methane oxidation and inhibits methane production in green manure-rice systems","authors":"Jinxin Sun ,&nbsp;Zhengbo Ma ,&nbsp;Guopeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Ting Liang ,&nbsp;Rui Liu ,&nbsp;Danna Chang ,&nbsp;Han Liu ,&nbsp;Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Chunqin Zou ,&nbsp;Weidong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green manure is effective for improving rice yields and soil quality, but it might result in increasing methane (CH₄) emissions in paddy fields caused by its substantial organic matter. Finding approaches to mitigate CH₄ emissions while guaranteeing grain yields are urgently needed. The impacts and underlying mechanisms of applying ethylene on CH₄ emissions in milk vetch (MV)-rice pattern were explored. Field and pot experiments were carried out simultaneously for a 2 year with three treatments: no MV-rice (CK), MV-rice (GM), and MV-rice by applying ethylene when incorporating MV (GM + ETH). Planting MV (GM) effectively improved rice productivity but increased CH₄ emissions relative to CK. Compared with GM, GM + ETH significantly reduced cumulative CH₄ emissions by 39.6 %–52.9 % in a field experiment and by 44.4 % in a pot experiment. In the pot experiment indicated that applying ethylene had the highest aerenchyma ratio, which was 1.65 and 3.81 times higher than CK and GM treatments. Ethylene application improved soil CH₄ oxidation potential by 7.5 % and diminished CH₄ production potentials by 34.0 % relative to GM. The improvement of root aerenchyma facilitated oxygen release by 8.4 %–23.4 %, increased root oxidation activity by 16.4 %, and decreased the contents of soil reducing substances (including total reducing substance, active reducing substance, and Fe²⁺), leading to the increase of <em>pmoA</em> abundances by 39.7 % and the reduction <em>mcrA</em> abundances by 32.3 % when compared with GM, respectively. These findings provided solutions for improving the productivity by using green manure as well as controlling the CH₄ emissions in paddy fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125461"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying thresholds of key drivers for ecosystem health in large-scale river basins: A case study of the upper and middle Yellow River","authors":"Xue Li ,&nbsp;Kunxia Yu ,&nbsp;Guoce Xu ,&nbsp;Peng Li ,&nbsp;Zhanbin Li ,&nbsp;Peng Shi ,&nbsp;Lu Jia ,&nbsp;Zhi Yang ,&nbsp;Zihui Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under the dual pressures of global climate change and anthropogenic activities, identifying key thresholds for ecosystem health is essential for biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and regional sustainable development. Utilizing the vitality-organization-resilience-service model, this study quantifies the spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem health in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River from 2000 to 2020. Extreme precipitation indices, integrated with partial least squares structural equation modeling, were employed to elucidate the mechanisms by which extreme rainfall impacts ecosystem health. The results indicate that:(1) Both ecosystem vitality and ecosystem organization increased, reflecting enhanced ecosystem stability and connectivity, with significant vegetation recovery in forest and grassland regions. (2) Ecosystem health significantly improved in 69.48 % of the regions. The improvement of ecosystem health in the midstream is primarily attributed to the extensive restoration of forest and grassland. Ecological restoration did not substantially change the ecological vulnerability of the northern desert areas, and restoration should be prioritized in the future. (3) As a primary driver of ecosystem health, moderate increases in vegetation coverage can enhance ecosystem health; the threshold values for nighttime light intensity, relative humidity, precipitation, and land use intensity are 0.6, 68.61 %, 789.92 mm, and 2.34, respectively. (4) Extreme precipitation indirectly affects ecosystem health by influencing vegetation, with a combined contribution rate of 26.10 %. The long-term impact of single extreme precipitation events is limited, and cumulative precipitation events have a greater effect on ecosystem stability. This study determines the threshold of environmental and anthropogenic factors on ecosystem health and clarifies the indirect impact of extreme precipitation on ecosystem health through vegetation, thereby providing a scientific basis for the sustainable management of large-scale vulnerable river systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125480"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}