Journal of Environmental Management最新文献

{"title":"Mechanochemical treatment of incinerated municipal bottom ash in CO₂-rich environment for sustainable waste management practices.","authors":"Mostafa H Sliem, Mohammad Irshidat, Mohammad K Hassan, Yehia Manawi, Maryam Al-Ejji","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incineration of the municipal solid waste produces huge amounts of fly and bottom ash annually. Added-value utilization of those ashes has been of great interest to many researchers worldwide. In this line, this study examined incinerated municipal solid waste under various milling conditions and in presence of CO₂ environment. Thermogravimetric analysis of samples milled under air atmosphere revealed higher content of portlandite of finer particle size as observed in scanning electron microscopy images. In contrast, samples milled under CO₂ environment demonstrated the presence of dolomite that its content is dependent on the rotation speed of the ball mill. The dolomite structure was confirmed with the X-ray diffraction, and it results from the chemical reaction of CO₂ with different component of the waste during milling. To further understand the potential of the treated ash for different applications, we investigated the possibility of heavy metals leaching in acetic acid from the samples. The CO₂-treatement of the samples greatly helped to remove heavy metals such as Pb, Co, Cr, Ni, and Zn, with about 99 % removal efficiency. While the air-treated sample did not show significant removal of those metals after the leaching test. This result is significant for targeted applications of the municipal solid waste in construction sector considering the simplicity of the combined CO₂/milling treatment and which could be done at large industrial scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126171"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of interaction between protease and humic acid of waste activated sludge.","authors":"Jingnan Yang, Zhengan Zhang, Zhenbing Hao, Xuran Liu, Xuebin Tian, Dongbo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humic acids were reported to inhibit the hydrolysis step in anaerobic digestion process. However, the influence mechanism of HA on hydrolysis has not been thoroughly understood. Here, the exact role and structural changes of hydrolytic enzymes (e.g., proteases) under HA stress at the microscopic and molecular levels were investigated. Results showed that HA statically quenched the fluorescent components of protease, probably due to the typical aromatic heterocyclic structures in HA. A significant reduction of enzyme activity was observed during this process. High doses of HA reduced the ratio of α-helix/(β-sheet + random coil), leading to a loose structure of protease, which was conducive to the binding of HA and protease. Molecular docking revealed that protease would provide plentiful sites to bind with HA, through hydrogen bond interaction forces. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that the van der Waals forces interactions also could be developed between the HA and protease in addition to hydrogen bonds. The overall binding occurred both spontaneously and exothermically, with ΔH = -4.22 kJ/mol, ΔS = 71.76 J/mol.K, ΔG = -25.6 kJ/mol at 25 °C. The response order of protease functional groups was C=O > -COO- > -OH > C-O under the disturbance of HA. This study highlights knowledge gaps that might assist in resolving the essential hydrolysis restriction issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126229"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical modeling and process optimization for valorization of waste printed circuit boards using supercritical methanol.","authors":"Rima Kumari, Sukha Ranjan Samadder","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The heterogeneous and complex composition of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) poses significant challenges in their recycling. The inadequate management of these WPCBs has led to serious environmental hazards and the loss of valuable economic resources. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the application of supercritical methanol as a treatment method for the processing and valorization of WPCBs. The effect of key process variables on the organic degradation efficiency (ODE) was studied and optimized utilizing a Box-Behnken design. The ODE reached approximately 96 % under optimized conditions of a temperature of 350 °C, a 90 min reaction period, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 20 mL/g. In addition, the metal concentration in treated WPCBs rose significantly, with copper reaching 35.76 % with the removal of organic content. Free radical mechanisms facilitated the decomposition of resins, producing a liquid product rich in phenolic compounds and devoid of brominated substances. With over 90 % methanol recovery, this closed-loop process provides an environment-friendly solution for WPCB resin treatment, aligning with sustainable e-waste recycling practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126243"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing agricultural productivity and food security through circular sustainability practices: A pathway to achieving sustainable development goal 2.","authors":"Sidra Fatima, Zhang Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper investigates the roles of the circular sustainability practices (CSP) in improving agricultural productivity (AP) and food security (FS) through the mediating effects of soil fertility (SF), crop resilience (CR) as well as through the moderating effect of climatic variability (CV). Online and offline surveys were used with 670 farmers in Pakistan. They used a 7-point Likert scale to assess CSP, SF, CR and AP. Structural Equation Modeling was done with help of Smart PLS software for data analysis. Results show that CSP has a positive effect on soil fertility (β = 0.385, p < 0.001) and crop resilience (β = 0.559, p < 0.001), and further leads to an increase in agricultural productivity (β = 0.182, p < 0.001). Furthermore, CSP and SF (β = 0.120, p < 0.001) relationship is moderated by CV, which indicates that climatic variability may impact the value of CSP in improving soil fertility and agricultural productivity. By using agroforestry and crop resilience, this study proves that they can help improve soil health, increase resiliency of crops, and increase productivity and, at the same time, reduce the negative impacts of climatic stressors, this study adds to the literature on sustainable agriculture. Our finding gives practical recommendations towards policymakers and farmers on integrating sustainable agriculture practices, for increased resilience and security in food availability under continuous threat of environmental challenges. The study requires policy interventions and agricultural support programs aimed at increasing productivity and food security in vulnerable farming communities through a circular sustainable approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126237"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing bioaccumulation and translocation of perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids and novel alternatives p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate and polyfluorinated ether sulfonate in different ryegrass cultivars: Implications for phytoremediation screening.","authors":"Zhaoyang Liu, Wei Wang, Xiaoyan Sun, Rebecca Yates, Qianqian Cui, Yu Liu, Nannan Wan, Xiuyu Sui, Wenfeng Tan, Jay Gan","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hazardous perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs) are being replaced by novel alternatives, and ryegrass demonstrates a promising potential for phytoremediation. This study explored the differential uptake, translocation and distribution patterns of different chain-length PFSAs as well as alternative sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) and 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFAES), collectively designated as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), in ten Italian ryegrass cultivars, and identified the roles of specific PFAS functional groups and plant protein in ryegrass bioaccumulation. Long-chain PFSAs showed high contamination loads in whole ryegrass plants, with majority in roots (e.g., approximately 87.5 % for perfluorooctane sulfonate, PFOS); whereas short-chain homologues exhibited lower pollution burdens and were readily translocated to ryegrass leaves (e.g., about 96.4 % for perfluorobutane sulfonate, PFBS). For PFAS with similar fluorocarbon chain lengths, OBS showed the highest ryegrass contamination loads (146 ng average) and root bioaccumulation factors (2.94 average), followed by 6:2 Cl-PFAES and PFOS. The aromatic ring of OBS, chlorine atom of 6:2 Cl-PFAES, and more CF₂ units of PFOS contribute to their retention in ryegrass roots, thus retarding migration to leaves; these PFAS functional groups may augment the effect of plant protein on the bioaccumulation. A molecular indicator (named HE) of PFAS considering interaction mechanisms with protein was proposed to assess protein effects on the bioaccumulation of different PFAS in ryegrass. Protein loads can be used to predict phytoremediation potentials of PFAS by ryegrass. These findings may advance the understanding of novel PFAS accumulation in plants and inform plant screening for PFAS phytoremediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126193"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing river restoration: A multi-scenario approach to barrier removal prioritization.","authors":"Mayra E Darre, Sami Domisch, Virgilio Hermoso, Michael Ørsted, Jamal Jokar Arsanjani","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>River barriers can disrupt connectivity, sediment transport, water flow, and biodiversity, leading to widespread degradation of river ecosystems. Hence, the EU Nature Restoration Law (NRL) urges river connectivity restoration by removing barriers. However, its implementation requires robust, data-driven prioritization strategies. In this study, we apply a multi-scenario spatial optimization framework using multi-criteria decision analysis to prioritize barrier removal across seven conservation scenarios-focusing on biodiversity enhancement, erosion reduction, and human impact mitigation-within the Morava sub-basin of the Danube Basin. Our findings reveal substantial variability in prioritization across scenarios, driven by differing costs. At the same time, certain areas consistently emerge as high priority, indicating their role in improving connectivity and riparian restoration. Removing barriers in these areas could restore up to 1011 km of free-flowing river length and 604 ha of riparian zones. These results provide actionable insights for identifying areas that maximize ecological benefits while minimizing socio-economic trade-offs, supporting effective restoration planning. Despite the utility of this approach, challenges remain, particularly the lack of high-resolution data for small and undocumented barriers and the exclusion of smaller streams. Expanding this analysis to basin-wide scales and incorporating detailed datasets-such as sediment dynamics and climate change scenarios-will refine future outcomes. Additionally, transboundary coordination will be essential to achieve the NRL's target of 25,000 km of free-flowing rivers. This study highlights the trade-offs between ecological restoration and socio-economic constraints, demonstrating how scenario-based spatial optimization provides a structured framework for balancing these priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126176"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal variations and driving mechanisms of carbon storage in Central Asia: Insights from the PLUS-InVEST models and machine learning.","authors":"Yuexiao Ren, Leyi Zhang, Xia Li, Guozhuang Zhang, Yile Li, Zhiyang Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Against the backdrop of global climate change and rapid socioeconomic advancement, significant land use/cover changes(LUCC) in Central Asia have profoundly impacted terrestrial ecosystem carbon storage(CS). However, the assessment and spatiotemporal dynamics of CS in Central Asia remain inadequately understood. This study systematically examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of LUCC and CS in Central Asia from 1990 to 2020, and anticipated CS in 2030 under 3 SSP-RCP scenarios using an combined structure consisting of the land use harmonization 2(LUH2) dataset, the patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS) model, and the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs(InVEST) model. Additionally, the extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost) model-Shapley(SHAP) values was employed to identify the elements impacting geographical distinction of CS. The findings show the following: (1)there was a net rise of 0.02 Pg in total CS in Central Asia between 1990 and 2020. From 1990 to 2010, extensive deforestation and urban sprawl led to a 0.1 Pg reduction in CS. However, post-2010, forest regeneration and large-scale conversion of unused land to grassland contributed to a 0.13 Pg increase in CS. (2)Between 2020 and 2030, forest expansion under the SSP126 and SSP245 scenarios is projected to enhance total CS by 0.03 %(0.01 Pg) and 0.17 %(0.08 Pg), respectively. Conversely, under the SSP585 scenario, substantial declines in both forestland and grassland are expected to result in a pronounced 1.67 % loss in CS. Moreover, while grassland undergoes a notable reduction under SSP126(-1.82 %), it experiences a expansion under SSP245(0.06 %). Consequently, the total CS exhibits a more substantial increase under SSP245 than under SSP126, SSP245 scenario is more favorable for enhancing CS in Central Asia. (3)Soil temperature(ST) is the most critical factor impacting the spatial heterogeneity of CS in Central Asia, followed by the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI). This study explores a suitable path for Central Asian countries to optimize land use planning, increase ecosystem CS and achieve sustainable development, and also provides a reference for arid and semi-arid regions to enhance their carbon sequestration capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126123"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the role of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the transformation of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) during the regeneration of spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts.","authors":"John Nikko V Salvilla, Sasha Yang, Qianqian Liu, Zongli Xie, Zhenyu Chen, Haitao Song, Lian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emission of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) from the industrial fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst regenerator is a concerning pollutant that is highly toxic. Yet, the underpinning rationale particularly the role of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and its competition with O₂, remains poorly understood. Through the tests of three industrial spent FCC catalysts via temperature-programmed oxidation and Chemkin simulation, this study revealed a dual role of CO₂ in the transformation of HCN. At high temperatures (e.g. >700^oC), the presence of CO₂ is in favor of promoting the thermal cracking of coke via the Boudourad reaction, which subsequently accelerates the cracking of the associated N-bearing species for an enhanced formation of HCN. Meanwhile, a high CO₂ partial pressure >10 % was found to benefit the generation of OH^● and O^● radicals, which are the chain carriers for the oxidation of HCN into NO_x and/or N₂. This is distinct from an environment containing only O₂ in N₂ in which an optimum O₂ partial pressure of ∼1 % maximises the HCN oxidation rate. Higher O₂ partial pressure above 1 % leads to an early release of HCN before its ignition temperature, resulting in significant emission of unreacted HCN in the outlet gas. In an O₂-CO₂-N₂ environment, where O₂ and CO₂ coexist, CO₂ can promote additional coke conversion, leading to increased initial HCN formation when the available O₂ is insufficient to fully oxidize the coke. During the subsequent gas-phase oxidation of HCN, CO₂ competes with O₂ for H^● radicals, reducing the production of OH^● and O^● which in turn diminishes the HCN oxidation rates. Additionally, heightened CO formation from the Bouoduard reaction reduced the NO_x formed into N₂. From a practical implication perspective, these findings underscore the importance of gas conditions and maintaining temperature uniformity across the regenerator to effectively manage the emissions of HCN and other pollutant gases.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126165"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policy gaps, actor dynamics, and implementation challenges in sustainable medical waste management in Bangladesh.","authors":"Md Monirul Islam, Shahaduz Zaman, Jannatul Ferdous, Mosharraf H Sarker","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sustainable solid waste management is crucial for development, contributing to public health, environmental protection, and economic stability. Effective practices reduce pollution, mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, and conserve resources through recycling and waste-to-energy innovations. In Bangladesh, medical waste management (MWM) is equally critical for healthcare delivery, playing a key role in safeguarding health, protecting the environment, and supporting economic growth. Despite its importance, MWM services in Bangladesh are underutilised, posing significant challenges. While literature highlights the importance of effective MWM in low-income countries and its impact on public health and the environment, it often lacks a socio-economic or institutional perspective on policy issues. This study explores Bangladesh's MWM capacity through a qualitative approach, analysing policy documents, interviewing Key Informants (KIs) from various organisations, and observing healthcare establishments (HCEs). Using Walt and Gilson's Policy Triangle Framework (1994), it identifies the strengths and weaknesses of current policies and practices and comes up with recommendations for sustainable practice interventions. Document analysis reveals that Bangladesh introduced a MWM policy in 2008, several decades after its independence. While the policy outlined the characteristics of medical waste, introduced the use of colour-coded bins for segregation, and defined the roles and responsibilities of government and non-government authorities, it failed to address the associated health and environmental risks comprehensively. Moreover, the policy has not been reviewed or updated in alignment with the WHO's 2018 guidelines. KIs reported poor collaboration and coordination among policy actors and unclear operation of MW committees at different government levels. Field observations indicated inadequate training, motivation, and ethics for waste handlers, a lack of public awareness, and no record-keeping of MW production and management. Urgent policy revisions, stakeholder collaboration, enhanced training, awareness programmes, and citizen empowerment and engagement are crucial for achieving sustainable MWM practices in wider community.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126203"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-varying impact of renewable energy consumption on US-China trade flows: The role of climate policy stringency.","authors":"Leila Ben Salem, Ridha Nouira, Sami Saafi","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The global shift toward renewable energy is reshaping economic relationships. However, its impact on bilateral trade remains underexplored, particularly in major economies such as the US and China. As the world's largest trading partners and carbon emitters, changes in energy strategies and climate policies have significant consequences for global trade dynamics. This study explores the time-varying effects of renewable energy consumption on bilateral trade between the US and China, emphasizing the role of climate policy stringency. While much of the existing literature assumes a stable relationship between trade and renewable energy, recent regulatory developments-such as the rollback of environmental protections in the United States under the Trump administration and China's ambitious renewable energy commitments outlined in its 14th Five-Year Plan-highlight the necessity for a more realistic, dynamic analytical framework. Drawing on industry-level monthly data from January 1996 to September 2023, we apply a time-varying threshold regression kink model to capture nonlinearities and structural shifts in the trade-renewable energy nexus. Our findings reveal that increased renewable energy consumption positively influences US imports from China while exerting downward pressure on US exports to China. Importantly, these effects are contingent upon the prevailing level of climate policy stringency, highlighting its role as a key moderating variable. Furthermore, we uncover substantial heterogeneity in renewable energy thresholds across industries, indicating sector-specific sensitivities. These findings emphasize the strategic role of environmental policy in shaping bilateral trade patterns and underscore the need to align trade strategies with sustainability goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"389 ","pages":"126238"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}