Journal of Environmental Management最新文献

{"title":"Exploring ecosystem services and interconnections in nearshore islands for spatial planning: Insights from China.","authors":"Zhou Chen, Yanglin Yao, Haifeng Zhang, Min Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As climate change, urbanization, and marine exploitation intensify, understanding nearshore island ecosystem services (IESs) is essential for ensuring ecological protection and sustainable development. This study maps the spatiotemporal dynamics of six key ecosystem services (ESs) across 295 nearshore Chinese islands, including food production (FP), water yield (WY), soil conservation (SC), carbon storage (CS), and habitat quality (HQ) (2000-2022), and tourism and recreation (TR) (2012-2022). Using spatial autocorrelation, Slope trend analysis, per-pixel Pearson correlation, and K-means clustering, the study quantifies the trade-offs and synergies, identifies constraint characteristics, and delineates ecological functional zones for island classification. The results indicate that FP and TR generally increased, while WY, SC, HQ, and CS declined on most islands-by 52.20 %, 68.47 %, 71.86 %, and 69.49 %, respectively. Spatially, FP increases in the south and stays stable in the north, while WY shows the opposite pattern. TR remains constant on 79.32 % of islands. FP has the strongest trade-off with SC, but this trend is weakening, whereas the FP-WY trade-off is intensifying. The trade-off between WY and HQ has significantly increased. Meanwhile, SC exhibits an increasing synergy with both CS and HQ, with CS-HQ synergy being the most pronounced. Among the constraint patterns, the SC-HQ trough-type, WY-SC linear-type, and TR-WY peak-type are the most representative. By analyzing ecosystem service bundles (ESBs), 68.95 % of nearshore islands are classified as Ecological Protection Category (EPC), 19.05 % as Agricultural Planting Category (APC), and only 12.00 % as Production and Livelihood Category (PLC). This study provides a novel perspective on island spatial planning, promoting integrated management and sustainable development.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127195"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The application of manure and straw is beneficial for improving the content and stability of DOM in paddy soil.","authors":"Qinghua Zhou, Jiayue Zhou, Weiliang Xiong, Shiwei Li, Ouping Deng, Yi Xiao, Xingyu Li, Bing Li, Changquan Wang, Xuesong Gao, Genchuan Bai, Jiang Liu, Rong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While organic manure application effectively increases soil organic carbon (SOC) content, it may elevate greenhouse gas emissions. Crop straw, a widely available agricultural residue, enhances SOC through gradual decomposition. The effect of organic manure combined with crop straw on the organic carbon components of paddy soil is still unclear. Here, we conducted a field experiment to investigate the effects of organic manure alone versus combined application with crop straw on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions, with a focus on dissolved organic matter (DOM) in paddy soil. The treatments included the following: organic manure replaced 100 % nitrogen fertilizer (LOM), 150 % nitrogen fertilizer (HOM), LOM combined with crop straw (LOMS), HOM combined with crop straw (HOMS), and conventional fertilization (NPK). The study quantified SOC fractions, DOM concentrations and optical properties, and iron/manganese (Fe/Mn) fractions etc., revealing that combined organic manure significantly enhanced microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in topsoil (0-20 cm). Notably, compared to organic manure alone, the combined application of manure and crop straw increased DOM molecular weight in topsoil (0-20 cm) while elevating chromophoric and aromatic DOM content in subsoil (20-40 cm). The combined application of organic manure and crop straw facilitated the transformation of iron Fe/Mn fractions, and Fe/Al oxides cooperated to promote the stability of soil DOM. Additionally, the changes in Fe/Mn oxide morphology appear to exert distinct effects on soil DOM stabilization processes. Furthermore, crop straw incorporation significantly increased plant-derived DOM containing aromatic structures. These findings demonstrate that the combined application of organic manure and crop straw not only enhances DOM content and stability throughout the soil profile, but also mitigates potential environmental risks (especially CO₂ emission) associated with organic manure alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127148"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking potential of blast furnace slag: CO₂ adsorption performance and mechanism of slag-derived zeolite.","authors":"Wenjun Duan, Junhan Wang, Lihua Gao, Zhimei Wang, Bowen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For meeting requirements of \"green steel\" and \"circular economy\", there was great potential and value to synthesize CO₂ adsorbent with low price and excellent performance by using multiple solid wastes. In this study, a novel method was proposed to synthesize zeolite by blast furnace slag. CO₂ adsorption isotherm, thermodynamic and kinetic were investigated comprehensively. Zeolite exhibited favorable physical and chemical structure. Sips model was more suitable to describe isotherm of CO₂ adsorption. CO₂ adsorption process of zeolite was a spontaneous adsorption process without additional energy need, which could be determined as physisorption process. Four kinetic models were used to fit experimental data. CO₂ adsorption by slag-derived zeolite was complicated multi-path adsorption involving adsorption sites and activity. Film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion were rate-limiting steps for CO₂ adsorption by slag-derived zeolite. Generally, it was economically and environmentally beneficial to synthesize zeolite from blast furnace slag to achieve CO₂ adsorption.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127181"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic and Micro-CT insights into Fe(III)-modulated extracellular polymeric substances driving anammox granulation and enhancement of nitrogen removal.","authors":"Fangjian Liu, Bo Yang, Tengda Han, Fang Li, Li Wang, Hui Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multivalent cations are commonly employed to accelerate sludge aggregation and granulation, yet they often compromise intragranular mass transfer and diminish microbial activity. Here, the effect of Fe(III) dosing on granule formation and anammox-driven nitrogen removal over a 110-day continuous operation was investigated. Fe(III) supplementation enhanced interactions with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), transforming flocculent biomass into highly porous granules and yielding a 67.9 % increase in specific anammox activity (SAA). During the first 30 days of Fe(III) dosing, the Zeta potential shifted from -12.0 to -9.3 mV and EPS content surged from 32.8 mg/g VSS to 49.0 mg/g VSS, accelerating primary floc aggregation. Subsequently, the protein-to-polysaccharide ratio of EPS escalated from 1.7 to 5.3, reflecting a transition from a carbohydrate-rich, hydrophilic gel to a protein-dominated, hydrophobic network that facilitated granulation. Micro-computed tomography revealed that smaller (1.5 mm) granules exhibited dense architectures, whereas larger (2.5 mm) granules developed internal cavities as a result of mass transfer limitations, approaching structural fragmentation. Metagenomic analysis showed that Fe(III) upregulated pathways for hydrophobic amino acids (e.g., isoleucine, leucine, valine) synthesis and downregulated polysaccharide biosynthesis, thereby increasing EPS hydrophobicity and promoting granulation. The observed SAA enhancement was linked to Fe(III)-dependent activation of iron-containing enzymes (e.g., hzs ABC), cytochrome c maturation, and Fe-S cluster assembly. Concurrently, the relative abundance of Ca. Kuenenia rose from 14.1 % during aggregation to 18.6 % after sludge granulation. This work elucidates the mechanism of Fe(III)-EPS-mediated granulation and offers a sustainable strategy to reconcile structural integrity with metabolic efficiency in metal-driven anammox wastewater treatment processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127283"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater discharge intensity drives coastal microbial community assembly and pollution history determines their resistance.","authors":"Jie Wei, Zhiguo Su, Yuhan Zheng, Li Feifei, Donghui Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbial communities in coastal sediments are vital for ecosystem stability and biogeochemical cycles. Disposal of wastewater treatment plant effluents into coastal environments might change the microbial community, further affecting ecosystem functioning. However, an important knowledge gap is how the different types and intensities of wastewater influence the microbial community assembly. Here, we constructed a series of microcosms using coastal sediments with (SY) and without (HB) a history of wastewater discharge in the Hangzhou Bay, to analyze the effects of different types (domestic, industrial) and intensities (0 %, 50 %, 100 %) of wastewater on the microbial communities. The results showed the species diversity of SY was higher than that of HB, and significant differences in community composition were also observed. The wastewater intensity had a more significant impact on the microbial community than the type of wastewater. As the wastewater intensity increased, both species and functional diversity in sediments significantly decreased. The HB microbial community showed a stronger response to increased pollution levels, and the assembly mechanism of microbial community changed from a stochastic process to a deterministic process (the ratio of stochasticity changed from 52.23 % to 28.63 %); wastewater shock reduced the complexity and stability of the HB microbial network, and reduced the number of keystone taxa. Conversely, the SY microbial community exhibited greater stability and resistance to wastewater shock, with stochastic processes consistently dominating microbial community assembly (the ratio of stochasticity ranged from 50.99 % to 57.40 %). Our results provide new insights on the impacts of human activities on coastal environment, which are crucial for environmental assessment and pollution control.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127200"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the relationships between land disturbance, mercury and traditional practices in the Moose Cree Territory: A foundation for risk assessment.","authors":"E J Miceli, S McGovarin, C Trapper, W Tozer, A Litvinov, Mary-Claire Buell","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The | Ililiwaskiy (Moose Cree First Nation Territory) in the James Bay region of Ontario, Canada, and like many Indigenous communities across the globe has experienced decades of industrial activity impacting its ecosystems. Community concerns regarding mercury levels in culturally significant fish species led to an interdisciplinary research initiative. This study combined scientific analysis and community knowledge to assess mercury concentrations in three traditionally consumed fish species-walleye (Sander vitreus), northern pike (Esox lucius), and lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens). Researchers engaged with Moose Cree members through workshops, fish sampling training, interviews, and surveys on fish consumption and land/water relationships. Over 180 fish were sampled from six locations. Walleye showed the highest mercury levels, with many samples exceeding Health Canada's guidelines, particularly for walleye over 15 inches., and the 0.2 ppm guideline for subsistence consumers, women, and children. Community interviews underscored the cultural importance of fish and observed environmental changes, as well as changes seen in fish and fishing in the territory. This project revealed not only elevated mercury in traditional food sources but also broader impacts on land-based practices and food security. The findings emphasize the need to rethink water management planning and how contaminant risks from resource extraction are assessed and mitigated. Ultimately, the project supports Moose Cree First Nation leadership in advancing land stewardship and sustaining cultural connections to traditional foods and the land. It also illustrates a collaborative risk assessment process that could be used broadly for bringing together Indigenous knowledge with scientific inquiry to address environmental health concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127098"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From glycine peptides uptake to toxin surge: Decoding adaptation mechanisms under organic nitrogen enrichment in Microcystis aeruginosa.","authors":"Yaxin Guo, Zongcheng Yao, Xiating Zhao, Yuting Wang, Qiming Xian","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The structural specificity of organic nitrogen sources in modulating cyanobacterial physiology and toxin production remains poorly understood. This study systematically evaluated the bioavailability of exogenous glycine peptides in Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) and their regulatory roles in algal growth and microcystins (MCs) synthesis through an integrated physiological and transcriptomic approach. Glycine peptides demonstrated hierarchical bioavailability: glycine (Gly) > Glycylglycine (Gly2) > Tetraglycylglycine (Gly4) > Hexaglycylglycine (Gly6) > Cycloglycylglycine (CGly2). Gly and Gly2 were rapidly assimilated by M. aeruginosa, supporting robust algal growth comparable to the control group with nitrate as nitrogen source, while CGly2 and Gly6 induced nitrogen stress, damaging biomass and photosynthetic pigments. Notably, M. aeruginosa cultured with Gly4 as sole nitrogen source uniquely enhanced intracellular MCs production, and shifted MCs variants toward the highly toxic MC-LR. The shift in MCs variants ratios (MC-RR/MC-LR) reflected nitrogen availability, demonstrating a trade-off between nitrogen storage and toxin potency. Transcriptomic profiling unveiled nitrogen-centric metabolic rewiring, resulting in enhanced nitrogen assimilation, mcy genes for MCs biosynthesis, photosynthetic efficiency, and resource reallocation. While exogenous glycine peptides represent only a minor component of organic nitrogen in natural systems, these findings provide mechanistic insights into how peptide structure can influence cyanobacterial physiology and toxin profiles, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of organic nitrogen utilization by harmful cyanobacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127222"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating bamboo forests into the carbon markets: Insights from China.","authors":"Chunyu Pan, Anil Shrestha, Chong Li, Mengjia Ying, Jie Duan, Mei He, Weirong Zhu, Qinghui Chai, John L Innes, Robert Kozak, Guomo Zhou, Guangyu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the course of fighting climate change, bamboo forests are increasingly recognized as a modern nature-based solution. Developing bamboo-based carbon projects can bring triple-bottom-line benefits to livelihood, climate, and industry, but they can also face various barriers. Based on a qualitative research framework, this paper discusses the key challenges and lessons learned from China. It then describes some of the innovative approaches that have been adopted to overcome these challenges. We identified four overarching challenges: economic, market, technical, and social. First, the rising labor costs and declining market demand for bamboo products are critical economic challenges, leading to high upfront project development costs and increasingly lower financial viability of bamboo-based investments. Second, the low transaction demand and the shifts in the national offset market have contributed to the market challenges. Moreover, many bamboo-rich regions face technical difficulties, such as lacking forestry infrastructure and skilled bamboo-specific carbon experts. Fourth, social challenges exist regarding the information asymmetry between farmers and project developers and the difficulties encountered when managing forest land-use rights in China. Inspired by several recent innovations, this paper recommends a green financing model integrating large-scale, professional forest management and the essential downstream bamboo industry development via strategies such as concessional loans and carbon-linked subsidies. There is a need for internationally standardized methodologies for bamboo forest management that incorporate advanced carbon accounting for selective harvesting and product carbon pools, enhancing credibility and scalability in compliance and voluntary markets. Such developments are needed if global policymakers, especially from some of the bamboo-based economies of the Global South, are to transform bamboo resources effectively for climate change mitigation, environmental protection, and local livelihood enhancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127203"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering nonlinear causal relationships and propagation dynamics of drought types in Xinjiang using convergent cross mapping.","authors":"Jingya Ban, Shukun Ni, Fanghong Han, Bing He, Wenbo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought is one of the most destructive natural disasters globally. Understanding its propagation mechanisms and the causal relationships among different drought types is crucial for effective monitoring and mitigation. Using meteorological (SPI), hydrological (SRI), and agricultural (SSMI) drought indices from 1983 to 2023 in Xinjiang, this study employs the Convergent Cross Mapping (CCM) method to systematically quantify nonlinear causal relationships among the three drought types, revealing their temporal lag characteristics, spatial heterogeneity, and multiscale dynamics. The results show that: (1) The drought transmission chain in Xinjiang is stable, following a unidirectional hierarchical sequence of \"SPI→SRI→SSMI\", with clear master-slave coupling characteristics. (2) Drought propagation exhibits significant lag effects that vary by timescale. The SPI→SRI pathway shows the longest delay (up to 12 months), while the SPI→SSMI pathway demonstrates shorter, phased, and more sensitive responses. (3) The spatial distribution of causal strength is markedly heterogeneous, generally exhibiting a \"low in the north, high in the south\" pattern. High-intensity areas are concentrated in the Tarim Basin, while lower intensities are observed in the Tianshan and Altai Mountains. (4) The strength of causal links in drought propagation is jointly influenced by natural and anthropogenic drivers. Elevation, snow cover, temperature, NDVI, and LUCC play synergistic roles, reflecting a transition from natural-dominant to coupled natural-human driving mechanisms. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for improving drought risk assessment and understanding transmission mechanisms in arid regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127165"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable lead extraction via sulfidation roasting of lead oxide and calcium Sulfate: Phase evolution and flotation response.","authors":"Yongwei Wang, Tao Wei, Zhiwen Guan, Dakun Wang, Junwei Han","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The safe disposal of heavy metal elements (Pb, Zn, Cu, etc.) in copper smelting slag and efficient treatment of phosphogypsum are urgent. To explore the feasibility of co-processing copper smelting slag and phosphogypsum, this study used PbO and CaSO₄ as raw materials to investigate the sulfidation roasting process and flotation separation of roasted products. Detailed roasting mechanisms between PbO and CaSO₄ were investigated. Thermodynamic and multimodal characterization (XRD/SEM-EDS/XPS) revealed a two-step process in the PbO-CaSO₄-C system: PbO reduction to metallic Pb, followed by its reaction with CaSO₄/C to form PbS. Sulfidation extent and PbS grain growth were enhanced by sodium salt additives and slower cooling. Under optimized parameters, a 93.21 % Pb sulfidation extent was achieved with PbS grains averaging 23.56 μm. Concurrently, CO₂ fixation as CaCO₃, utilization of byproduct CO, and suppressed decomposition of CaSO₄/CaCO₃ collectively reduced emissions of CO₂, CO, and SO₂. Flotation tests confirmed effective separation of CaCO₃ and PbS. DFT calculations sodium isoamyl xanthate (SIAX) interaction mechanisms with CaCO₃/PbS. This work establishes theoretical and technical foundations for co-processing copper smelting slag and phosphogypsum.</p>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"393 ","pages":"127208"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}