Journal of Environmental Management最新文献

{"title":"Combined electrochemical conversion and micro-scale ZVI for enhanced energy production from anaerobic digestion of landfill leachate: Microorganisms survival and operational performance","authors":"Hasan Pasalari ,&nbsp;Behnaz Abdollahinejad ,&nbsp;Ali Azari ,&nbsp;Seyed Nosratolah Taghavi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Farzadkia ,&nbsp;Tejraj M. Aminabhavi","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A comprehensive study is reported on biogas upgradation as a green and renewable energy from the landfill leachate (LL) using combined electrochemical conversion (EC) pretreatment and micro-scale ZVI supplementation in anaerobic co-digested reactors. Enhanced biodegradability index (sCOD and TVFA) of LL are assessed through EC technique at lower current density (10–40 mA/cm²), electrode gap (0.5–2 cm), and contact time (15–60 min). The effects of different dosages of micro-scale ZVI (4, 10 and 20 g/L) on enhanced syntrophic activity between acid-producing bacteria and methanogens, methane yield and energy production in mesophilic anaerobic reactors are evaluated. The low current density (30 mA/cm²) for EC enhanced biodegradability index of LL before the injection to anaerobic reactors. Flucytometry analysis indicated that EC pretreatment had a negligible detrimental effects on living microorganism (reduction by 6.2 %). The highest biomethane potential (BMP) (0.2805 NL/g sCOD removed) and methane yield (70.12 %) were achieved in anaerobic co-digested reactor supplemented with 10 g/L of micro-scale ZVI. Energy analysis showed an increase of 2.45–10.93 kJ/gVSremoved in anaerobic co-digested reactors compared to the control. The combined EC and micro-scale ZVI can be considered as a feasible and promising technology to offer enhanced methane production and renewable energy from LL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125668"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms for sulfadiazine effective mitigation in biochar-amended soil: From antibiotic resistance to soil microbial community composition and function","authors":"Linlin Qiu ,&nbsp;Luxi Niu ,&nbsp;Muhammad Nafees ,&nbsp;Shuyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Weihong Wu ,&nbsp;Jia Du ,&nbsp;Qingwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Meiqing Jin ,&nbsp;Hongyan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfonamide residues in soil have the potential to affect soil microbial community and promote the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Biochar is a strong candidate for soil enhancement, however, its feasibility and mechanisms in controlling the burden of antibiotic resistance and restoring soil quality under antibiotic contamination require systematic evaluation. Thus, a pot experiment using Anthrosol soil amended with 3 % woody biochar was conducted to evaluate the efficacy in mitigating the inhibition of plant growth, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) proliferation, and microbial community disruption at an environmentally relevant (feedlot-adjacent soil equivalence) and a tenfold elevated concentration. Results showed that biochar effectively alleviate the inhibitory effects of sulfadiazine on photosynthesis and sustain ryegrass growth comparable to uncontaminated control. Structural equation model analysis demonstrated that biochar can control ARGs occurrence in soil effectively through both direct and indirect effects. Amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics results indicated that biochar exhibited a limited restorative effect in mitigating high-dose sulfadiazine-induced disturbances to soil microbial community composition and functional profiles, relating to the significant decrease in microbial biomass and the diminished microbial carbon metabolism capability. All these findings provide a systematic evaluation of the efficacy and potential limitations of biochar in remediating sulfonamide-contaminated soils, offering valuable understanding for agricultural soil management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125702"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital innovation for circular supply chain sustainability and resilience for achieving carbon neutrality: An empirical study","authors":"Surajit Bag ,&nbsp;Susmi Routray ,&nbsp;Muhammad Sabbir Rahman ,&nbsp;Shivam Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the role of digital innovation within the Circular Economy (CE) by addressing two critical research gaps: conceptualizing digital innovation in the CE as a multidimensional construct and understanding its effects on circular supply chain performance under varying levels of social uncertainty. Unlike prior research that treats digitalization and circular economy initiatives separately, this study integrates the two perspectives by conceptualizing digital innovation in the CE as a second-order construct encompassing innovation capability, innovation focus, innovation collaboration, and innovation governance. Drawing on the dynamic capability view and contingency theory, the proposed model is empirically tested using data from 279 South African firms operating in high-carbon sectors. The findings reveal that heightened digital innovation in the CE significantly enhances both sustainability and resilience in circular supply chains aimed at achieving carbon neutrality, with a stronger impact observed on sustainability. Additionally, the study examines the moderating role of social uncertainties and finds that, although digital innovation remains beneficial, the moderating effects are not supported. This research contributes to the CE and digital supply chain literature by offering a new integrated framework, identifying key drivers of sustainable and resilient circular supply chains, and providing empirical insights from a dynamic emerging economy context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125665"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis reveals the processes and conditions of using biochar to control antibiotic resistance genes in soil","authors":"Dishen Li ,&nbsp;Pinjie Su ,&nbsp;Mingbo Tang ,&nbsp;Yanzhong Yao ,&nbsp;Guohui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil is a significant reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and an important habitat for pathogens associated with many clinical infections and plant disease outbreaks. Although scientists have found that biochar can reduce ARGs in soil, the understanding of how biochar removes soil ARGs and the influencing factors remains limited. Here, a meta-analysis of 65 published studies was conducted to illuminate the mechanisms through which biochar remediates ARG-contaminated soils. In biochar-amended soil, the antibiotic content significantly decreased by 24.1 %, while the abundances of mobile genetic elements and ARG host bacteria declined by 23.5 % and 12.1 %, respectively. The reduced antibiotic content, suppressed mobile genetic elements, and altered bacterial community structure collectively led to a 41.8 % reduction in soil ARG abundance. In addition, wood-derived biochar pyrolyzed at 300–500 °C exhibited a substantial advantage in the remediation of ARGs. Furthermore, biochar application decreased the abundance of ARGs in alkaline and neutral soil more markedly than that in acidic soil. The results of this research confirmed the positive mitigating effect of biochar on ARGs in soil, providing valuable insights for the prevention and control of ARG pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125736"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorption, persistence and leaching of clomazone in rice environments under varying severity of alternate wetting and drying irrigation management with and without biochar amendment","authors":"Luis Andrés Vicente ,&nbsp;David Peña ,&nbsp;Damián Fernández-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Ángel Albarrán ,&nbsp;José Manuel Rato Nunes ,&nbsp;Antonio López-Piñeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clomazone (CLMZ) is one of the most effective and widely used herbicides in rice cultivation, but it has probable risks for environmental contamination. Alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWDI), with or without holm oak biochar (B) amendment, is one of the sustainable alternatives to conventional flooding rice cropping. However, its implementation may induce changes in soil characteristics that can strongly affect the environmental behaviour of the CLMZ, although its extent will depend on the degree of severity of AWDI. This three-year study is the first to assess how two different severities of AWDI, without or with fresh or field-aged B, impact CLMZ's sorption, persistence and leaching. The treatments were: conventional continuous flooding (CCF), moderate AWDI (MAWDI) and intensive (IAWDI) in which fields were reflooded when the soil matric potentials at 0–15 cm depth were −20 kPa and −70 kPa, respectively, and the corresponding homologs with B addition (CCF-B, MAWDI-B, and IAWDI-B, respectively). The transition to AWDI increased CLMZ's sorption but only at the intensive severity level. Fresh and aged B-amendment increased CLMZ's sorption particularly in soils from MAWDI regime, with K_d values increasing by 1.4-fold (fresh case, measurements in the first year after B addition) and 1.3 and 1.2- fold (aged cases, measurements 2 and 3 years after B addition, respectively). The B addition leads to more CLMZ persistence, especially for the IAWDI-B case where the t_1/2 incremented by factors of 1.6 and 1.2 (fresh year) and 1.4 and 1.3 (second aged year) under flooding and AWDI conditions, respectively. The MAWDI and IAWDI regimes reduced CLMZ leaching by up to a factor on average of 2.3 and 2.8, respectively. The addition of B reduced CLMZ's leaching, particularly for the MAWDI regime where their losses were 2.3 and 4.3 times less in the fresh and second aged year, respectively. Therefore, the change in regime from flooding to AWDI alone or using B as amendment could be considered a useful strategy to greatly mitigate pollution of water by CLMZ in rice-growing environments, particularly in those under MAWDI management and after B aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125761"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements and feasibility of synergistic approaches in phosphorus recovery from wastewater: A critical review","authors":"Parminder Kaur ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Szlachta ,&nbsp;Junhua Xu ,&nbsp;Jouko Vepsäläinen ,&nbsp;Reijo Lappalainen ,&nbsp;Farihahusnah Hussin ,&nbsp;Mohamed Kheireddine Aroua","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review explores the potential and challenges of synergetic approaches, such as coupling, hybrid, and sequential methods, to enhance phosphorus recovery while minimizing environmental impacts. It emphasizes phosphorus recovery's economic and ecological dimensions, stressing the imperative for ongoing research and development to bolster economic viability and scalability. This review also discusses factors for improvement and outlines the exploration of innovative technologies and comprehensive techno-economic assessments to bridge the gap between advancements and real-world implementation. Its highlights include global efforts for phosphorus recovery, the need for synergetic approaches, an understanding of the difference between efficiency and performance approaches, required innovation in the future, and the environmental and economic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125786"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the molecular mechanism on high salt tolerance of electroactive microorganisms collaborated by biochar supported cerium dioxide","authors":"Mengjie Fan,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Chenyang Liu,&nbsp;Lizhi Du,&nbsp;Yuan Xu,&nbsp;Yingwen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electroactive microorganisms are a promising approach for treating high-salinity organic wastewater, however, they are highly susceptible to salt stress, which can compromise their metabolic activity. In this paper, biochar supported nano-cerium dioxide catalyst (BC-CeO₂) was prepared to strengthen electroactive microorganisms in high salt environment. It was found that BC-CeO₂ significantly improved the bioelectrochemical and metabolic activity of microorganisms in high salt environment (600 mM NaCl) compared with the Control. At the initial stage of the reaction, the maximum power density of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) reached 343.21 mW/m², and the degradation efficiency of norfloxacin (NOR) was 64.8 %, which was 1.7 times that of the Control. The analysis of microbial antioxidant properties demonstrated that BC-CeO₂ could significantly increase the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), effectively enhancing the ability of microorganisms to scavenge reactive oxygen species produced by salt stress. Metagenomic analysis revealed that the abundance of KEGG pathways conducive to microbial growth and metabolism under BC-CeO₂ was relatively high, such as biosynthesis of amino acids (ko01230), microbial metabolism in diverse environments (ko01120) and so on. The enrichment of salt tolerant genes further illustrated the strengthening effect of BC-CeO₂ on microbial adaptation to high salt environment, including genes related to NADH ubiquinone oxidoreductase, Na⁺/H⁺ antiporter, intracellular small molecule compatible substance synthesis and transport related enzyme system and K⁺ transporter related genes. Furthermore, the activity changes of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, which regulates cell permeability, in different environments also confirmed this point. This paper provides an effective strategy for enhancing the treatment of high-salt organic wastewater by electroactive microorganisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125679"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of enhanced coagulation with varied pre-oxidations for seasonal variations of cyanobacteria-dominated algae-laden water quality","authors":"Luming Ding ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yanling Yang ,&nbsp;Yuankun Liu ,&nbsp;Fei Han ,&nbsp;Wenqing Yu ,&nbsp;Kaidi Xin ,&nbsp;Chunqing Liu ,&nbsp;Xing Li ,&nbsp;Jiawei Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhanced coagulation with pre-oxidation is a cost-effective approach for managing seasonal water quality pollution caused by algal outbreaks and deaths. The synergistic application of pre-oxidants and coagulants, coupled with intelligent and precise dosage control, constitutes a prominent research focus in water treatment field. This study evaluates the removal of various pre-oxidants, including potassium permanganate (KMnO₄), KMnO₄ composites (PPC), and potassium ferrate (K₂FeO₄), in combination with coagulants like polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and aluminum sulfate (Al₂(SO₄)₃). A machine learning algorithm, based on the least squares support vector machine (LSSVM), was developed to predict optimal dosages. After 15 months of source water quality monitoring, algal contaminations predominantly driven by cyanobacteria-dominated became worse particularly in the high temperature and algae period and autumn, which were positively correlated with UV₂₅₄ and COD_Mn (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The doses of PACl and Al₂(SO₄)₃ were between 100 μM and 120 μM (calculated as Al) across various periods to efficiently remove organic matter. Under optimal chemical dosages, pre-oxidation facilitated the protein-like substances removal. The removal efficiency of PPC surpassed that of KMnO₄ and K₂FeO₄. The LSSVM model demonstrated superior predictive performance for dosages compared to other models like random forest (RF) and back propagation (BP) neural networks, with feature importance analysis identifying water temperature, UV₂₅₄, and conductivity as the core parameters for real-time dosing systems. This study elucidated dosing strategies alongside algae contaminations removal associated with pre-oxidation enhanced coagulation while proposing a methodology for dynamically adjusting oxidant and coagulant dosages through real-time monitoring of both raw water quality and effluent from coagulation-precipitation processes, thereby providing novel insights into precise real-time dosing for chemicals in water treatment facilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125697"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation effectiveness of terrestrial mammals and its relationship with representativeness of protected areas in China","authors":"Chunting Feng ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Xiuxiang Meng ,&nbsp;Mei Luo ,&nbsp;Ruocheng Hu ,&nbsp;Bingran Ma ,&nbsp;Weiyang Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mammal suitable habitats are increasingly threatened by human disturbance, yet quantifying the performance of protected areas (PAs) in conserving these habitats remains challenging. Additionally, research on the relationship between the representativeness of PAs and their effectiveness in conserving mammal suitable habitats remains limited. To address this gap, we predicted the potential suitable habitats (PSHs) of terrestrial mammals across China using species distribution models. We then developed a rapid assessment method to evaluate the effectiveness of PAs in mitigating human footprints (HFP) within the mammal PSHs. Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (Lowess) was applied to identify the optimal proportion of mammal PSHs represented by PAs that maximizes conservation effectiveness. Our analysis revealed that 99.6 % of mammal PSHs experienced a significant increase in HFP from 2011 to 2020, with narrow-range species showing the most rapid growth. Despite these pressures, PAs effectively mitigated HFP within the PSHs of 92 % of species. For mammal species with varying PSH sizes, the highest effectiveness in PA representativeness was observed at 29 % for species with PSH &lt; 100,000 km², 19 % for species with 100,000 km² ≤ PSH ≤ 250,000 km², and 17 % for species with PSH &gt; 250,000 km². Our findings emphasize the need to enhance the representativeness of PAs for mammal suitable habitats, particularly for narrow-range species. This study will provide scientific guidance for the conservation of suitable habitats for terrestrial mammals in China and globally, as well as for the strategic planning of PAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125735"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of farmers' participation in national park construction on household income in China: Evidence from the Qinling Area of the Giant Panda National Park","authors":"Miaomiao Xu,&nbsp;Zhanpeng Ma,&nbsp;Jianzhong Gao,&nbsp;Min Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although extensive research has emphasized the significance of societal participation in national park construction, understanding how farmers' participation affects household income remains an under-explored area, despite its critical role in advancing the sustainable development of national parks. This study aims to fill this void by investigating the relationship between farmers' participation in national park construction and their total household income. Based on the policies of the Giant Panda National Park and the actual participation patterns of farmers, we categorize farmers' participation into three distinct forms: ecological protection participation, development planning participation, and business employment participation. Using a comprehensive dataset of 804 farm households from the Qinling Area of the Giant Panda National Park, we conduct an in-depth analysis. Our findings reveal that farmers' participation in national park construction significantly bolsters total household income. From the perspective of participation forms, each category—ecological protection, development planning, and business employment—serves as a crucial pathway for farmers to increase their earnings. When considering income levels, we observe a pattern characterized as \"benefiting the poor but not the rich\". Specifically, the participation of low-income farmers has a more substantial impact on total household income compared to that of higher-income farmers. Moreover, we find that while total household income exhibits a positive correlation with the degree of farmers' participation in national park construction, this relationship is governed by the law of diminishing marginal returns. These findings contribute to the existing literature on national park development and rural economic growth, and they highlight the need for a more nuanced understanding of farmers' roles in national park construction. Additionally, our research has practical implications, offering valuable insights for improving national park construction strategies and providing Chinese-based experiences that can inform targeted national park policies in other developing countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"386 ","pages":"Article 125743"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}